The establishment of the 13th Border Defense Regiment of the Yunnan Provincial Military Region (Part 1)
[This article is based on the memories and supplements of Wang Tianyan, Zhi Zhonglun, Li Shiyou, Sun Jiakang, Li Desheng, Dong Xingzhong, Wu Hanchao, Liu Maochun and other senior leaders, please refer to Compilation of relevant materials such as "Military Chronicles of Yunnan Province", "Military Chronicles of Honghe Prefecture", "A Brief History of the Mengzi Military Division". It was first released in the three groups of the "Two Committees", the preparatory group, and the editorial department on March 30, 2022, and the revised draft was released to all comrade groups on April 18. The second revised draft is now released to the public for publicity. ——Editorial Department]
(1)
Today, the river mouth and the old street connected by the China-Vietnam Friendship Bridge, peace is so beautiful! (Internet picture)
In the past, at the river mouth and old street separated by the broken bridge of friendship between China and Vietnam, our border guards were performing their sacred duties and guarding the border vigilantly! (Internet picture)
China and Vietnam are connected by mountains and rivers. They have been good neighbors and friends for generations. In the long-term struggle against imperialism and for independence and liberation, the people of the two countries sympathized with and supported each other, and their traditional friendship has a long history. Especially after the founding of the People's Republic of China, in order to support the Vietnamese people's war of resistance against France and the United States, the Chinese people scrimped on food and clothing, provided comprehensive and selfless assistance to Vietnam, paid a huge price, and formed a close relationship of "comrades and brothers" .
However, after winning the War to Resist US Aggression and realizing the reunification of the North and the South in 1975, the Le Duan clique of the Vietnamese authorities became ambitious, ungrateful, and followed Soviet hegemony into militarism. In order to control Asia and secure Europe, the Soviet Union stepped up its expansion into Asia and the Pacific, attempting to bring Asia into its sphere of influence in the form of the "Asian Security System." Vietnam attempts to piece together an "Indo-China Federation" to dominate Southeast Asia and madly pursue regional hegemony. The Soviet Union needed Vietnam as its backer to expand into Southeast Asia; Vietnam needed the Soviet Union as its backer in order to realize its regional hegemonic ambitions. The Soviet Union and Vietnam used each other, colluded with each other, and signed a treaty with the nature of a military alliance. With the instigation and support of the Soviet Union, the Vietnamese authorities brazenly invaded Cambodia, Cambodia, and continued to occupy Laos militarily, seriously threatening the stability and security of the Asian region. The hegemonic aggression and expansion of the Soviet Union and Vietnam were of course firmly opposed by China. Therefore, Vietnam regards China as the biggest obstacle to its pursuit of regional hegemony. This is the fundamental reason for the deterioration of relations between China and Vietnam.
These young faces of Vietnamese soldiers, why are they happy? And why are you sad? (Internet picture)
If I had to hurt the beautiful female Vietnamese soldier because of the war or become an enemy, I might be heartbroken for the rest of my life. (Internet picture)
In addition, the Vietnamese authorities have always been hostile to China. While China was actively assisting China in resisting U.S. aggression, Yue used historical issues to promote the so-called "Northern Aggression" and incite national sentiments hostile to China. As soon as the Anti-American War ended, they couldn't wait to completely change their policy towards China. They regarded China as the "most direct and dangerous enemy" and the "new target of war." They became more and more anti-China and anti-China, and proposed territorial claims against China. It demanded that the Xisha and Nansha Islands that had always belonged to China be unreasonably claimed as Vietnamese territory, and troops were sent to invade and occupy some islands in China's Nansha Islands; it intensified the expulsion and persecution of overseas Chinese and Chinese-Vietnamese, and forcibly drove more than 200,000 people into China. within the country; constantly provoking, invading, shooting and using force in the Sino-Vietnamese border area, causing bloody incidents.
Only in the border area of Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province. From January 1976 to June 1977, the Vietnamese invaded our territory in Hekou County Qingcaitang, No. 1 boundary monument, and Jinping County Nafa Beach, Jinshui River, Shili Village and other places. There were 249 cases and a total of 3,314 people. At the same time, they also fought many times with the people in the border areas of China, built a dam in Nafa, Jinping County, eroded our territory, and created border friction.
According to incomplete statistics, in 1974, the Vietnamese authorities provoked more than 100 border disputes on the China-Vietnam border, more than 400 in 1975, and more than 900 in 1976. The scale of the invasion of our country expanded in 1977, with the largest number of invaders More than 500 people were killed at one time, and 51 railway workers were injured.
In April 1978, the anti-Chinese anti-Chinese campaign by the Vietnamese authorities reached its climax. At the border of Honghe District of Yunnan Province alone, thousands of overseas Chinese were expelled back to their country by Vietnam every day. On the Nanxi River (boundary river) in Hekou County, countless overseas Chinese property was robbed by the Vietnamese, leaving only the clothes they were wearing. Many refugees were beaten and injured by the Vietnamese police for no reason. The overseas Chinese who were supporting the elderly and young were wading in the water on foot, crying loudly, and it was too tragic to watch. In 1978, there were more than 1,100 border violations by the Vietnamese authorities. In the nearly six months before our self-defense counterattack, there were more than 700 armed provocations, killing and injuring more than 300 Chinese border guards and residents. On January 20, 1979, the frantic Vietnamese border guards fired wildly at Hekou County with rifles and machine guns for about three hours, and fired again at 7:50 a.m. the next day.
The two pictures above: heartbroken overseas Chinese who were brutally driven back by the Vietnamese authorities. (Internet picture)
The Vietnamese authorities have occupied our territory, destroyed our villages, killed our border soldiers and civilians, and robbed our people of their property, seriously threatening the security of our border areas. People in most of our areas along the China-Vietnam border are unable to produce, schools are unable to hold classes, and rubber workers are unable to tap rubber, which has seriously interfered with my country's socialist modernization drive.
The Chinese government has always adopted a tolerant and restrained attitude towards the Vietnamese authorities' malicious actions that deliberately undermined relations between the two countries. It has repeatedly advised them to put the fundamental interests of the two peoples first and not to do anything that is not conducive to the unity of the two peoples. We have repeatedly proposed to reasonably resolve disputes between the two countries through negotiation. At the same time, China's border troops and civilians in Guangxi and Yunnan strictly implement the "Adhere to principles, maintain unity, persist in friendship, and fight appropriately" sixteen-character policy and border defense forces "eight basic tasks and ten policies", insist on reasoning and struggle, and do not Taking the initiative to cause trouble, even when the Vietnamese military and police fired at the Chinese side, the Chinese side did not fire back. However, the reactionary Vietnamese authorities regard China's restraint and tolerance as weakness and can be bullied. Not only have they shown no restraint, they have intensified their war provocations against us, exacerbating and deteriorating relations between the two countries.
Facts have proved that in dealing with Vietnam, it is no longer possible to settle for compromise, and advice and protest are of no use. The contradiction between China and Vietnam has developed to a very acute stage. In order to safeguard sovereignty and punish the aggressors, the Chinese border defense forces were forced to make a strategic decision to fight back against Vietnam in self-defense when they could no longer tolerate it.
The 13th Border Defense Regiment of the Yunnan Provincial Military Region was born under such historical conditions.
(2)
Wang Wenjun, the first leader. (Contributed by Li Zhongcheng)
The first political commissar Hou Fuchang. (Contributed by Hou Dongmei and Li Shiyou)
According to the notice of the General Staff Headquarters on November 28, 1978, the Kunming Military Region issued on December 4 the information on the expansion of the 4th, 5th, and 6th battalions of the Mengzi Military Division to form the Yunnan Provincial Military Region. "The 13th and 14th Border Defense Regiments" order, on December 24, 1978, the 13th Border Defense Regiment of the Yunnan Provincial Military Region was established in Pingbian, code-named Unit 35548, with the regiment leader Wang Wenjun and political commissar Hou Fuchang. The regiment is based on the 4th Battalion of the Border Defense at Hekou (also known as the "Hekou Independent Battalion"), and expanded its cadres and combat backbones from 4 military regions, 8 corps-level units, 22 division-level units, and 43 regiment-level units. composition. After the team expansion, it has jurisdiction over the regiment agencies, directly affiliated teams, 3 infantry battalions (8 infantry companies), 1 machine gun company, 1 police communication company, and 1 mortar company, with a total of 1,569 people.
(In the middle of the same month, the 14th Border Defense Regiment was established in Jinping County, code-named Unit 35549. The regiment was based on the 6th Battalion of the Border Defense in Luchun (also known as the "Lvchun Independent Battalion"), and was formed from the Yunnan Provincial Military Region Independent Division Artillery Regiment, The independent 1st Regiment and other units were expanded by transferring personnel. Both regiments were organized under the Mengzi Military Region)
(3)
After the Kunming Military Region's order was issued on December 4, 1978, Yunnan Provincial Military Region. The Mengzi Military Division carried out an emergency operation. With the strong support and unified coordination of the Central Military Commission and the Kunming Military Region, personnel were quickly transferred from agencies and units at all levels to take up their duties within a time limit.
Before December 15, the regiment leaders who received the appointment, except for Zhang Chengyuan, director of the Political Department, who was arranged by regiment leader Wang Wenjun and political commissar Hou Fuchang, went to the regiment headquarters Pingbian County to requisition housing in advance, the other leaders have arrived at the Mengzi Army one after another. Partition.The Party Committee of the Military Division also issued a notice on the formation of the Party Committee of the 13th Border Defense Regiment, clarifying the members, standing committee members, chief and deputy secretaries of the regiment party committee. On the 15th, the Youth League Party Committee held the first meeting of the Standing Committee to study the division of labor among the Standing Committee, notify the appointment of cadres above the battalion, study the appointment of company cadres, and study the arrangement of the work schedule for troop formation and other matters.
Zhang Chengyuan, the first director of the Political Department. (Contributed by Zhang Chengyuan)
At this point, the first leadership team of the 13th Border Defense Regiment of the Yunnan Provincial Military Region has been formally formed -
Commander Wang Wenjun, originally from Sichuan, was formerly the chief of the Mengzi Military Division Reconnaissance Section;
Political Commissar Hou Fuchang, originally from Jinzhou, Liaoning, was originally from Shiping Political Commissar of the County People's Armed Forces Department; deputy commander Mao Ruili, native of Yunnan, formerly served in the Simao Military Division; deputy commander Wang Wu, native of Yunnan, formerly served in the Dehong Military Division; deputy commander Fan Degui, native of Mengzi, Yunnan, Formerly the battalion commander of the 6th Battalion of the Border Defense of the Yunnan Provincial Military Region (Lvchun Independent Battalion) under the jurisdiction of the Mengzi Military Division;
Deputy Political Commissar Wang Tianyan, native of Xuyong, Sichuan, formerly served as Deputy Political Commissar of the Ministry of Human and Armed Forces of Luoping County;
Deputy Political Commissar Li Zhenzhong, native of Henan , formerly the Secretary of the Secretariat of the Political Department of the Kunming Military Region;
Chief of Staff Xue Guizheng, a native of Henan, and formerly the Chief of the Training Section of the Independent Division Headquarters of the Yunnan Military Region;
Director of the Political Department Zhang Chengyuan, a native of Ba County, Sichuan (now Banan, Chongqing) Wen Chaofu, formerly the section chief of the Political and Engineering Section of the Ministry of Human Resources and Armed Forces in Mile County; Wen Chaofu, director of the
Logistics Department, was originally from Qiaojia, Yunnan, and was formerly the assistant to the Munitions Section of the Logistics Department of the Mengzi Military Division.
The first deputy political commissar Wang Tianyan. (Contributed by Wang Tianyan)
Before the Youth League Party Committee meeting on December 15, the Political Department of the Yunnan Provincial Military Region specially transferred Wang Tianyan, deputy political commissar of the Luoping County Human and Armed Forces Department, from the Qujing Military Division and appointed him as the deputy political commissar of the 13th Border Defense Regiment. He arrived in Mongolia on December 8. Reported from the military division, and was entrusted by the regiment leader and political commissar, together with Yan Jinle, officer of the cadre section of the military division (later the first cadre section chief of the regiment), received the files of cadres transferred to our regiment, and planned the cadres according to the regiment's cadre establishment. Developed appointment plans for the cadres of each company (the cadres of the regiment and battalion were appointed by the Yunnan Provincial Military Region and the Mengzi Military Division respectively), and successfully studied and determined the cadre positions of each grassroots unit for the regiment party committee and established the leadership team of each grassroots unit. A good foundation has been laid.
On December 16, the Youth League Party Committee held a cadre meeting in the Mengzi Military Division Auditorium. In addition to the head of the regiment, each unit sporadically dispatched cadres from the regiment to attend the meeting. Political Commissar Hou Fuchang presided over the meeting, and Deputy Political Commissar Wang Tianyan read out the appointment orders of the regimental leaders, the leading cadres of the post-sijun agency, as well as the battalions, companies, platoons and departments, units and directors of the agencies. Political Commissar Hou Fuchang read out the notice on the appointment of members, standing committee members, secretaries, deputy secretaries of the regiment party committee and party committee members, principal and deputy secretaries of each battalion, informed the division of labor of the regiment leaders, and emphasized relevant political, discipline, education and other issues. The team leader Wang Wenjun arranged the work schedule for team formation and put forward work requirements.
"Dong Cunrui-style fighting hero" Li Chengwen's father Li Xing and regiment leader Wang Wenjun, political commissar Hou Fuchang, and deputy political commissar Li Zhenzhong. (Contributed by Hou Dongmei)
On December 17, the Mengzi Military Division held a meeting in the auditorium. Some personnel from the 13th and 14th border defense regiments, cadres and soldiers of the military division attended the meeting. Li Fenggang, commander of the military division, presided over the meeting. The appointment orders of the leading cadres of the two border defense regiments were read out at the meeting. Li Su, political commissar of the military division, and Wang Qin, secretary of the Honghe Prefecture Party Committee, delivered speeches one after another, explaining the current international situation and the significance of the establishment of the two border defense regiments. They hoped that all officers and soldiers would not He has a heavy responsibility and is always ready to severely punish the Vietnamese bully.
On the morning of December 18, the regiment leader and the cadres and soldiers who reported to the Mengzi Military Division arrived in Pingbian County by car.
(to be continued)
[Editor in charge Chen Zhengcai]
