On October 19, 1950, Peng Dehuai, commander of the Volunteer Army, led an army of 250,000 volunteers. He was ordered to cross the Yalu River in advance, go out day and night, and enter North Korea to fight. The first shot of the war to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea was officially fired. The headquarters of the Volunteer Army Commander was temporarily established. Dayum Cave in the Korean Peninsula.
After President Peng Dehuai entered the DPRK, at the first pre-war mobilization meeting held by Zhisi, he had a fiery temper and scolded Fang Qiu, showing his true qualities as a hero. He once pointed at Deputy Commander of the Volunteer Army Han Xianchu and got angry. : Is Deng Hua afraid of me? Aren't you, Han Xianchu, afraid of me?
What's going on? Why did Peng Dehuai say this? What exactly did Han Xianchu say? Make Peng Dehuai furious? What happened? Why did Boss Peng Dehuai start cursing before the battle even started?
Picture | Peng Dehuai in North Korea
When the volunteers entered North Korea on October 19, Peng Dehuai took a Soviet-made jeep, leaving the large army behind, and headed for the Korean Peninsula first.
The war is coming, He must complete the meeting with Comrade Kim Il Sung, Prime Minister of the North Korean government and Commander-in-Chief of the People's Army of North Korea, as soon as possible to understand the current situation on the Korean battlefield as much as possible.
I thought Kim Il Sung was in Pyongyang , but unexpectedly, on the way, the foreign affairs personnel sent by the North Korean People's Government told Peng Dehuai :
Mr. Peng that the situation on the front line has changed a lot now. The marching speed of the US mechanized corps is too fast. Quickly, Prime Minister Kim Il Sung has been forced to leave Pyongyang and has now moved to Tokchon.
Picture | Peng Dehuai observed the enemy's situation on the Korean frontline
Peng Dehuai immediately traveled under the stars and night, rushed to a village near the Dayudong gold mine . In a dilapidated thatched house with simple conditions, he met Comrade Kim Il Sung and was greeted by Kim Il Sung. A grand reception.
After a brief exchange of greetings, Kim Il-sung asked his secretary and adjutant to open the map of the Korean Peninsula. With an extremely heavy heart, he carefully explained the current severe combat situation in North Korea for Peng Dehuai:
Comrade Peng Dehuai, now Syngman Rhee The reactionary group, in the US military With support and a very arrogant attitude, they divided their troops into three groups and approached north.
According to yesterday's statistics on the frontline battle situation, the enemies on the eastern front have occupied Hamhung and Gohan Ridge, and the enemies on the middle line have successively captured Yangdeok and Seongcheon, and are planning to attack Heecheon.
After the enemies on the Western Front occupied the Sariwon and Pyongyang areas, they were ready to advance to Sunchuan and Bocheon at any time.
Picture | Photo of Kim Il-sung in military uniform
Speaking of this, Prime Minister Kim Il-sung’s tone became a little choked: Lao Peng, the US military’s landing on the beach from Incheon has brought us too great a negative impact, directly Cut off the Korean People's Army's northward retreat.
So they can only continue to persist in armed struggle in the south, while there are only 4 divisions left in the north. Most of these four divisions are new recruits who have just been reorganized and have not yet been on the battlefield. Their combat effectiveness is too weak and they cannot fight in major battles.
Therefore, I can only temporarily arrange them in Yongbyon, Suchuan, Bocheon and Changjin to build fortifications and wait for reinforcements, unable to confront the enemy head-on.
Picture | Kim Il-sung
Peng Dehuai was also extremely worried and angry about the predicament of the Korean battlefield and the rampant enemies. He couldn't help but waved his fist and said fiercely: This guy MacArthur is simply presumptuous and arrogant. I am ready. Give him a lesson first.
Peng Dehuai stared at the battle map with his eyes and said eloquently: Our volunteers go out during the day and night, and enter North Korea to fight in concealment. It just happened to catch up with the heavy snow in North Korea. The US military is not familiar with the place. We can attack a few in a planned way. Raid battle.
Although the time is difficult to grasp, I think this process will not last too long.
As long as the volunteers can gain a firm foothold in North Korea, many of our urgent problems will be alleviated to a certain extent. This will be very helpful for us to familiarize ourselves with the terrain and enemy conditions as soon as possible.
Speaking of this, CEO Peng Dehuai hesitated for a moment and said to Kim Il Sung: I personally hope that you can lead the Korean People's Army and the Volunteer Army to work together and live and eat together. In this case, the time cost of intermediate transmission and communication can also be minimized. I wonder what Prime Minister Kim would like?
Picture | Marshal Peng Dehuai
Kim Il Sung lowered his head and thought for a long time. After a long while, he raised his head and said with an expression of embarrassment: Old Peng, your suggestion is very good, but now is not the time.
You also have to consider that I am the head of a country. The current war situation on the Korean Peninsula is so complicated that it is difficult to sort out my thoughts. In addition, the diplomatic missions of various countries in North Korea have not left. I cannot just focus on the military and ignore politics. These things need to be I consider them one by one and handle them carefully.
After Kim Il-sung finished speaking, he clearly felt that Peng Dehuai was a little disappointed with his answer, so he quickly made a suggestion: Lao Peng, I can send Comrade Park Il-yu to represent me at the Volunteer Army Headquarters and serve as deputy commander of the China-North Korea coalition forces. and deputy political commissar.
As long as the volunteers are in trouble, you can convey it to me through him. What do you think? Lao Peng, you can rest assured that whenever there is an emergency, I promise to arrive as soon as possible.
Picture | Kim Il Sung gave a speech
Peng Dehuai felt that this was the first cross-border expedition of the Volunteer Army. . Without close coordination with the local government, many things would not be solved, and there would be many disadvantages to the Volunteer Army's operations.
But what Comrade Kim Il Sung said is not unreasonable. He is not a frontline general, but a country's leader . Peng Dehuai should not use the excuse of his inconvenience to criticize the other party, let alone force . After all, North Korea The people are friendly forces and brotherly countries.
So although Mr. Peng Dehuai was a little disappointed, he still calmly replied: Prime Minister Jin, I can understand that your situation is not easy, so just do as you say.
Kim Il Sung breathed a long sigh of relief after hearing this and felt relieved: Lao Peng, tomorrow I will leave here and go to Gaoshan Town on the border between China and North Korea to perform logistical united front work, so the Korean War I leave it to you. .
If you need the cooperation of our People's Army, just ask. Comrade Park Il-woo promises not to hold back the Volunteer Army.
Picture | Peng Dehuai met Kim Il Sung
After having lunch with Prime Minister Kim Il Sung, Peng Dehuai, accompanied by Comrade Chai Chengwen, counselor of the Embassy of New China in North Korea, drove to Dayu Cave.
Along the way, Peng Dehuai's special car ran very fast, but the big truck carrying the radio station was very slow, so it fell a long way behind and was never able to catch up. ended up losing it.
This made Boss Peng Dehuai very angry, and he almost lost control of his emotions. He couldn't help but said angrily: Oh, I am really a polished commander now. I don't know the enemy's situation, I don't know the current situation of the volunteers, I don't know anything.
If one day we suddenly become prisoners of the US military, we may not know what happened?
Picture | Mr. Peng Dehuai
At this time, the comrades from the Volunteer Army General Headquarters had just passed Andong and were still some distance away from the Korean front line. Therefore, Peng Dehuai only had one Staff Officer Yang and one guard around him to protect him. It's safe and no one can use it. How can we not be extremely anxious?
Not only was Peng Dehuai anxious, but Staff Officer Yang was actually even more anxious. Mr. Peng left the headquarters and the main force and entered a small ravine alone. It was too dangerous. How could he do it without the protection of the security forces around him? If something goes wrong, no one can bear the consequences.
Picture | CEO Peng Dehuai
At this time, Comrade Park Hyun-yong of the Korean People's Army also arrived. After learning about the situation from Staff Officer Yang, he apologized and comforted:
Comrade Yang, although this is close to the front line, It's a bit dangerous, but its geographical location is very special. It's a small ravine between two big mountains. It generally won't attract the attention of the US military unless you raise your eyes.
However, Mr. Peng’s security problem does need to be solved. Let’s do this. I will try to get in touch with Prime Minister Kim and ask him to transfer a security class to protect Mr. Peng. What do you think?
Picture | Park Xianyong
The guard problem was solved, and Staff Yang couldn't help but let out a sigh of relief. But the radio car has been missing. Could it be that something happened on the road? He didn't dare to think too much, so he hurried to the roadside of the ravine and waited silently, hoping that nothing would happen.
waited anxiously until three or four o'clock in the afternoon, and then Staff Yang saw from a distance that the truck towing the radio was swaying over.
After carefully rubbing his eyes to confirm, Staff Yang jumped three feet high in excitement and ran back happily, shouting as he ran: is here, Mr. Peng is here, the radio truck is here.
Peng Dehuai's eyes suddenly lit up when he heard this. He didn't bother to put on his coat and ran out of the room in a hurry. After the radio truck slowly stopped, the Cui Lun director who was responsible for escorting him jumped down hesitantly and lowered his head. He dared not look at Peng Dehuai's face.
They were way behind schedule. This is a serious delay, which is a delay in combat opportunities on the battlefield. The problem is too big.
Picture | Boss Peng Dehuai
So I could only wait quietly for the anger of Boss Peng Dehuai, not daring to make excuses. But unexpectedly, Peng Dehuai seemed to suddenly change his temper. Not only did he not criticize them angrily, but he also said kindly:
Thank you for your hard work. Thank you for your hard work. You have worked so hard along the way. Oh my, I finally waited for the radio station. Now I finally have clairvoyance and ears.
The radio stations of that era were huge and heavy. Not only did they have bulky transceivers, but they were also equipped with generators, batteries, engine oil , diesel and a lot of complicated tools. After being unloaded from the truck, it was actually filled with a room.
Director Cui Lun was overjoyed when he saw that Mr. Peng Dehuai had no intention of criticizing them. hurriedly organized his subordinates to quickly install and debug the radio equipment. They had been busy for more than half an hour.
Picture | Telegram
Director Cui Lun suddenly reported to Peng Dehuai in a low voice: Mr. Peng, the radio station has been installed and debugged, and you can now send a telegram.
Peng Dehuai slammed the table and said excitedly: Cui Lun, hurry up and prepare pen and paper, and make a real-time report to Zhisi and Guoguang now.
At 4 pm on October 21, Peng Dehuai officially sent his first telegram after entering the DPRK.
Picture | Mr. Peng Dehuai
has four points in total: First, the meeting with Comrade Kim Il Sung has been completed. The battle situation on the Korean front is unclear, the situation is chaotic, and the troops retreating from Pyongyang have lost contact;
Second, the North Korean people The army has deployed four divisions in Yongbyon, Suchuan, Bocheon and Changjin, but they are all new recruits with no actual combat experience and cannot effectively block the U.S. troops advancing northward;
Third, in order to ensure the transportation of Xichuan Hub to block enemy communication, we should quickly control the area south of the Myohyangsan and Yoshikawa-dong lines. We should dispatch a division to build fortifications as soon as possible to ensure the safety of our army's flanks and smooth rear communication lines.
If our army can control Xichuan and Changjin, it can quickly gather the strength advantage of the main army and focus on attacking the enemies along the east and west directions.
Fourth, please ask the three deputy commanders Deng Hua, Hong Xuezhi, and Han Xianchu to rush to our office immediately to coordinate and discuss the overall deployment of Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
Picture | Peng Dehuai with the Volunteer Army soldiers
After the Volunteer Army entered North Korea, the development of the Korean War has exceeded expectations. The South Korean Sixth Division directly attacked Xichuan, and then sent troops to Wenjing, Hinokidong and Chushan areas.
The fastest rushing vanguard has arrived at the left rear of Dayu Cave, posing a considerable threat to the soon-to-be-established Volunteer Army Headquarters.
Picture | Volunteers entered North Korea
With the support of the US military, the Eighth Division of South Korea sent troops out of Ningyuan, Xichuan and Jiangjie. The leading troops penetrated to the right rear of Dayu Cave, while the First and Seventh Divisions of South Korea seized Ningyuan. , attacking Xilong Cave, the vanguard troops arrived in Yunshan;
At the same time, the British and American 27th Brigade and 24th Division, after successively conquering Dingzhou and Taichuan, had begun to march towards Xuanchuan and Nanshi Cave. .
The purpose of the next offensive is very clear. Sinuiju and Shuozhou have become their "things on the plate", and this is only the crisis facing the Western Front.
Picture | Resisting U.S. Aggression and Aiding Korea
On the eastern front, South Korea’s elite Third and Capital Divisions are advancing very quickly. With the support of the elite First and Third Marine Divisions of the US Army, they have already seized the positions of Wu Laoli, Xinxing and Yantai Peak. .
The U.S. and United Nations forces are pursuing a two-pronged approach on the east and west fronts. They want to use force to cross the four directions and unify the Korean Peninsula. Time does not wait for us, and the situation is very critical.
On the other hand, after the Volunteer Army entered North Korea, because they were not familiar with the terrain and encountered heavy snowfall, they often encountered the People's Army retreating north, and the roads became more crowded. The march was slow.
When the 40th Army led by General Wen Yucheng and the 42nd Army led by General Wu Ruilin arrived at combat positions such as Wenjing and Huangcaoling, the other armies were still groping for their way in the heavy snow.
Picture | The Volunteer Army Marched to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea
At the Volunteer Army Command Headquarters in Dayudong, President Peng Dehuai presided over the first pre-war temporary enlarged meeting, looking at the high-level volunteers such as Deng Hua, Han Xianchu and Hong Xuezhi who had arrived after a long journey. , Peng Dehuai felt deeply in his heart:
Although he had overestimated the situation on the Korean battlefield, he unexpectedly still underestimated it.
Looking at the gloomy expressions of these senior generals at the meeting, it is actually enough to make a guess. Most people lowered their heads and said nothing, while some people focused their eyes on Peng Dehuai.
Picture | Marshal Peng Dehuai
General Deng Hua, the first deputy commander of the Volunteer Army, is very addicted to smoking. The most common day is two packs of cigarettes. . At this time, he was lowering his head and puffing away smoke. Peng Dehuai was enjoying watching it and directly Roll call:
Deputy Commander Deng, stop playing with your cigarette case. You are here to fight, not to be the cigarette commander. Now let’s talk about your views.
Deng Hua was named by Peng Dehuai and smiled sheepishly: Mr. Peng, the enemy situation on the front line is changing too fast now. None of our previously planned strategic plans in the country will work. The most urgent task now is to revise the original plan. Battle plans and programs.
nonsense. CEO Peng Dehuai said in a dumbfounded voice: Didn’t I know that I needed to revise the battle plan? The meeting now is to discuss how to formulate this plan? How to modify it? You have to come up with a specific plan.
Picture | General Deng Hua
Deng Hua stopped talking again. The deputy commander on the side, General Han Xianchu, couldn't bear his temper. He stood up and replied: What Mr. Peng said is extremely true, but Comrade Deng Hua is Full of military talents and strategic strategies.
But now that I see you, Mr. Peng, I feel a little weak, timid and scared, and don’t know what to say. It’s like making dumplings in a teapot, and I can’t even pour them out.
nonsense. Boss Peng Dehuai’s eyes suddenly widened, pointing at Han Xianchu and getting angry: What are you talking about? Why is Deng Hua afraid of me?
As he spoke, Peng Dehuai glanced at Deng Hua again: Tell me, are you really afraid of me? Deng Hua smiled awkwardly and did not speak.
Picture | General Han Xianchu
At this time, in order to relieve the embarrassment, Han Xianchu didn't care about Peng Dehuai's angry expression, and stood up again and said: Mr. Peng, you arrived a few days earlier than us and met with Prime Minister Kim Il Sung. I am sure. If you know the situation better than the rest of us, please tell me first.
Correct, please let Mr. Peng speak first. Deng Hua was the first to second the proposal and expressed his agreement with Han Xianchu's suggestion. Then everyone began to applaud enthusiastically, indicating that Peng Dehuai would first talk about the war situation in Korea.
Peng Dehuai's face froze and he shook his head speechlessly: It seems that Han Xianchu is right. Everyone is afraid of me, which is strange to say. Aren't you, Han Xianchu, afraid of me? You kid is really good at changing directions.
Well, since none of you are willing to talk about it and have found an excuse of "being afraid of me", let me talk about it first.
Picture | General Han Xianchu
As he spoke, General Peng Dehuai motioned to the staff to unfold the combat map, then circled a few positions with a red pencil and began to analyze it.
According to the intelligence just obtained, the US military is very close to the Yalu River. This is a relatively dangerous position, so our original plan of annihilating a large number of enemies in defense can no longer be used.
Moreover, North Korea has a complex geographical environment that we are not familiar with, so the tactics of stride forward and retreat during the Liberation War are not applicable.
Therefore, the main tactics we use now are mobile warfare, supplemented by guerrilla warfare and positional warfare, to achieve the goal of strategic counterattack and annihilation of the enemy.
Picture | Peng Dehuai
Peng Dehuai said this, suddenly stopped, looked around, and found that everyone was listening attentively. He couldn't help but nodded, and continued to explain: The U.S. military divided its troops and advanced rashly, so we will use mobile warfare to attack and seize the advantage. Terrain, annihilate them.
The main force of our army is on the Western Front, so the Eastern Front can only allocate part of its forces to suppress it, focusing on concentrating superior forces to annihilate most of the main forces of the three South Korean divisions.
As long as the war starts on the Western Front, the enemies on the Eastern Front will inevitably reinforce us, and we will be able to free up our hands to lure the enemies deep and completely annihilate them on the way to reinforcements.
Picture | President Peng Dehuai in North Korea
Peng Dehuai's combat plan was unanimously recognized by everyone, and the applause lasted for a long time. Then, Peng Dehuai signaled Comrade Jie Fang, chief of staff of the Volunteer Army, to write down the specific combat tasks of each army and department, so as to facilitate Timely convey to the whole army:
Wen Yucheng's 40th Army annihilated the South Korean Sixth Division in the Wenjing and Beizhen areas; Wu Xinquan's 39th Army assembled in Yunshan, waiting for an opportunity to annihilate the South Korean First Division.
Liang Xingchu's 38th Army went straight into Xichuan, preparing to annihilate the South Korean Eighth Division and Wu Ruilin's 42nd Army. They detoured to Changjin, built fortifications, organized defenses, and blocked the reinforcements of the enemies on the eastern front.
Telegraphed Zeng Zesheng's 50th Army and Xiao Xinhuai's 66th Army to speed up across the river. The 2nd Army rushed to Tieshan to defend the British ace 27th Brigade...
Picture | General Jie Fang
At the same time, Peng Dehuai also named Political Director Du Comrades at home and abroad took the time to draft a political mobilization order for the volunteers. The title was "Fight the First Battle of Entering North Korea." After
assigned their respective combat tasks, CEO Peng Dehuai directly announced the adjournment of the meeting. Then everyone left their seats and exited in an orderly manner. took their places and began to prepare for the first battle to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea.
