In June 1950, the Korean Civil War broke out, and the United States flew into the sky over North Korea with no regard for China. In the exhausted state of World War II, the United States completely ignored the world situation and provoked a local hot war in the Far East.

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In June 1950, the Korean Civil War broke out, and the United States flew into the sky over North Korea without paying any attention to China.

In the exhausted state of World War II , the United States completely ignored the world situation and provoked a local hot war in the Far East.

The reason is nothing more than that the newly born China does not have fighter and skilled pilots who can take on the main role in this air battle.

Under the current situation, the war between China and the United States was like a duel between children and adults, and no one would place their bets on China's side.

However, as the MiG-15 entered the air battlefield, China made a comeback. The United States was surprised that the Chinese Volunteer Army did not have a mature air force, but it possessed such high flying skills, far surpassing the veteran pilots who participated in World War II.

In the 1950s, the only thing that could resist the power of the US air force was the Soviet Air Force.

Before the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union always insisted that it was not involved in the Korean War. It was not until after its disintegration that its secret participation in the war was exposed.

Yeltsin admitted that the Soviet army secretly entered North Korea to participate in the war.

Our country suffered more than 36,600 casualties volunteer troops to win the Korean War, and at the same time, it gained a peaceful environment on the Korean Peninsula.

According to statistics, the total number of casualties or missing persons on both sides in this battle reached more than 628,000.

Strangely, there is a "Soviet Martyrs Cemetery" in Lushun, where 202 Soviet pilots are buried, and they all died between 1950 and 1953. According to the military system at that time, this was equivalent to the strength of 5 regiments.

In this regard, the Soviet side explained that "they unfortunately died during flight exercise training." Apparently, the world didn't believe that statement.

If it was a normal flight training, there would not be so many casualties, and they are still buried on Chinese soil, so the saying that "the Soviet Union secretly participated in the war" spread like wildfire.

In 1992, Yeltsin revealed: "The Soviet Union directly participated in the Korean War and shot down 1,309 US aircraft."

During the Korean War, the fierce battle between the Volunteer Army and the US Air Force was known to the world. In the context of and the US-Soviet struggle for hegemony , the Soviet Union, as one of the two superpowers, is equal in strength to the United States.

China is a new Eastern socialist country, and the Soviet Union's sending troops to North Korea can be regarded as consolidating socialist power worldwide. But why did the Soviet Union secretly enter the war?

China and the Soviet Union reached an agreement that the Chinese Volunteer Army would be responsible for land combat with the US military, while the Soviet Air Force would conduct air combat.

On the eve of the deployment of our troops, the Soviet Union temporarily "changed its mind" and refused to enter North Korea on the grounds that "the air force was not ready yet".

The arrow is on the string and must be fired. In October 1950, the Chinese People's Liberation Army went to fight in North Korea without the support of the Soviet Air Force.

The Chinese People's Volunteers crossed the Yalu River

This is also the pride of MacArthur.

"China has no air force." The final victory of the war can be achieved by ordering a small number of US troops to participate in the war. American soldiers can definitely eat turkey at home on Christmas . This is the United States' commitment to its soldiers.

The Soviet Union switched from direct operations to covert operations out of consideration for its own interests.

First of all, national interests come first. The Soviet Union did not want to see the United States further expand its sphere of influence in the Far East. More importantly, the alliance treaty signed between China and the Soviet Union on February 14, 1950 essentially "damaged" the Soviet Union's interests in the region.

In contrast, participating in the war will not only prevent the United States from expanding its power, but also use the Korean Peninsula as a substitute for the strategic position of the Far East .

Secondly, Stalin's attitude also determined the inevitability of this war. In the Soviet Union after World War II, Stalin had absolute say. Taking the country's highest strategic goal as its goal, North Korea's military strength far exceeds that of South Korea.

Stalin

Therefore, the effect of 1+12 can be achieved, and he does not want to give up this piece of fat.

Finally, the Soviet Union and the United States continued to test each other.Although the United States began to carry out small-scale air raids on the Soviet border after the outbreak of the Korean War, the Soviet Union always avoided direct conflict with the United States.

After all, when two tigers fight, one of them will be injured. The Soviet Union believed that it was not worth confronting the United States head-on over these trivial matters.

Until October 8, 1950, the Sukha Yareka Air Base was bombed by US fighter jets, and the "Giant Bear" was extremely angry.

During the Sino-Soviet talks that day, the Soviet Union made it clear that it was willing to provide ammunition, aircraft and other military equipment support for China's war to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea.

The Soviet Union suffered a loss, and its bearish nature would not let the matter pass by. The symbolic apology from the United States was more like a provocation to the Soviet Union under the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the giant bear was angry, he did not lose his mind.

The Soviet Union received such a serious warning from the United States during its negotiations with China, which shows that the United States is even more afraid of the Soviet Union.

In this case, the Soviet Union adopted a secret way of participating in the war to keep itself "away" from the center of the war.

At the same time, it can also curb the expansion of the United States' sphere of influence in the Far East and win the support of China. Why wouldn't the Soviet Union be happy about this act of benefiting a major power that achieved three birds with one stone?

Under the bipolar situation, Stalin did not want to expose the Soviet Union's participation in the war. So he set many rules for the Soviet Air Force participating in the war. Now it seems that they are somewhat funny.

For example, when fighting the United States, they were not allowed to cross a 100-kilometer range, the Soviet army was not allowed to fly at low altitudes, and they were not allowed to pursue enemy aircraft that were hit, etc. The Soviet Union tried its best to ensure that its identity was not leaked.

The Soviet aircraft emblem was renamed the Chinese "August 1st" mark. Pilots wore Chinese Air Force uniforms and were not allowed to talk in Russian or take photos with Chinese pilots.

Except for the high nose bridge and big eyes that cannot be changed, they were completely "Chinese" during the war.

Soviet pilots said: It is completely impossible to communicate in unfamiliar Chinese when the war is fierce. Even if it is banned, it will eventually be abandoned.

The number of combat aircraft of the Soviet Air Force remains at around 30, and its tactics are mostly based on ambushes or interceptions, cooperating with Chinese and North Korean ground forces in small-scale air battles.

In addition, they patrol the airspace in northern North Korea to ensure the safety and smoothness of transportation lines between China and North Korea and avoid direct conflicts with the US military.

The Soviet side had many confidentiality measures, but the United States knew full well about the Soviet Union's participation in the war and also knew about the Soviet Union's various restrictions in the war.

American intelligence officers heard Russian conversations on the radio and saw the Soviet face during the air battle.

But the two sides remained silent, because in the context of the Cold War neither had the ability to engage in a full-scale war and could only vent their anger through secret competition.

MiG "Chaibale" VS American "Saber"

The Soviet Air Force participated in World War II and has strong actual combat experience. It is one of the few air forces that can compete with the US military.

The Soviet Union's assistance strengthened the combat effectiveness of the Chinese and North Korean troops, causing the US Air Force Chief of Staff to exclaim: China has become one of the world's major air powers almost overnight!

Previously, the US military conducted unilateral "air-to-ground operations" to suppress the Chinese volunteers. It was rampant in the skies over North Korea and covered the sky with one hand.

The U.S. military does not use fighter escorts when carrying out bombing missions, but shoots pedestrians and volunteers at low altitudes.

Even more than half of the more than 1,300 Chinese Volunteer Army transport vehicles bound for North Korea were blown up by the US military, seriously damaging the supply lines for the Volunteer Army entering North Korea.

On November 1, 1950, the Soviet Union secretly entered North Korea to fight. At first, the Soviet army was in a wait-and-see period, and then the Soviet Union unilaterally "went on a killing spree."

On November 8, 1950, the Soviet army and the US military fought for the first time. In the first battle, pilot Shegolev piloted the MiG-15 fighter and shot down a US fighter jet in the Anton area. The Soviet Union pursued the victory.

On November 9, the Soviet army shot down two more American fighter jets in the same area.

The successive failures made the United States realize the power of the MiG-15 and also learned that the Soviet army had entered the Korean battlefield to assist China and North Korea in fighting.

3 days, the U.S. military was chased by MiG-15s. Even the "Flying Fortress" B-29 bomber that the U.S. military was proud of was shot down on the 10th. The three consecutive defeats caused the U.S. military to panic. middle.

The Soviet army had a brilliant record in air combat during this period. Only 2 MiG-15s were shot down and 2 pilots died.

In the nearly half a year since then, the Soviet army has been singing all the way and achieved great results on the Korean battlefield.

By February 1951, according to Soviet statistics, the battle loss ratio of aircraft between the United States and the Soviet Union reached 9:1.

The Soviet Union said: In this war, they shot down more than 1,300 US military aircraft and killed more than 1,000 US military personnel; 345 Soviet aircraft were completely lost and more than 200 pilots died.

A war known as "the darkest day of the U.S. Air Force in the Korean War" was when 16 Soviet MiG-15s ambushed more than 40 U.S. bombers and shot down 15 U.S. bombers in close combat. Dark clouds.

On April 12, 1951, the US military dispatched 153 aircraft to launch a large-scale air raid over the Yalu River in Andong. In order to defend the sky above the Yalu River, the Soviet army dispatched 60 fighters to fight.

The air battle lasted for 40 minutes. The Soviet army defeated the greater number with less and shot down 14 US aircraft without any losses. It completely shattered the US military's attempt to blow up the Yalu River.

The Soviet Union did have a greater advantage in air combat in the early stage. Although the US military knew that the Soviet Union was participating in the war, it could only suffer the loss of being dumb and did not dare to act rashly. It could not run away if it could not defeat it.

In order to avoid repeated expansion of losses, the US military began to identify its own shortcomings and actively adjusted its plans.

If a worker wants to do his job well, he must first sharpen his tools. It is urgent to improve strategic combat readiness, so the United States has introduced more advanced F-86 Saber fighter jets into the battlefield.

More experienced and capable pilots are increasingly involved in the Korean air war. The United States is seeking to reverse the situation. Indeed, this method is very effective.

F-86 is specially designed for the MiG-15. As the first post-war jet fighter, the MiG-15 combines British Neen engine technology and German Me-262 swept wing technology, and has extremely strong combat effectiveness.

As long as it is hit by it, the plane will basically come to an end. The US military regards it as an "absolute weapon", and the area where the MiG-15 appears is called the "Mig Corridor", which is the "black restricted area".

Therefore, its introduction into combat surprised and frightened the US military. The MiG-15 has extremely strong hovering capabilities, can quickly straf under the F-86 fleet, and can quickly take off to escape, dealing a heavy blow to the US military. The US military was surprised by such a small and flexible aircraft, and they were fooled around.

NATO regards the MiG-15 as a "bundle of firewood" with its usual derisive attitude, and has high hopes for the F-86 Sabre. A knife can certainly chop wood, and the United States' ambition to attack the Soviet Union is clearly revealed. Although

F-86 is strong, it is not without flaws. It is mainly designed for air combat and is fire-intensive, and its targets are all small fighters.

The firepower is intensive but the power is relatively small. Even if they are chased and beaten by the F-86, the Volunteer Army and Soviet fighter jets can still twist and stagger back and escape. They are called "invincible aerial tanks."

After the US military used the F-86, its strategic advantage gradually shifted. The Soviet Union felt the pressure, and allowing the US military to suppress it would only lead to the failure of the war, so the Soviet Union began to fight back.

Know yourself and the enemy, and you will never be defeated in a hundred battles. The F-86 was introduced by the United States from Japan. The new weapons are not yet familiar on the battlefield, and it is necessary to quickly understand the characteristics of this type of aircraft in order to control it.

Earlier, when facing the powerful MiG-15, the US military thought of chasing and intercepting them, and "captured" them alive by making a forced landing in the air in order to defeat the enemy. They even distributed leaflets to persuade them to surrender, but they were unsuccessful.

The Soviet Union responded to the enemy with their own medicine, and also adopted the pursuit tactics to forcefully land the F-86. This time they succeeded.

On July 11, 1951, the famous Soviet pilot Pepelyayev shot down an F-86 fighter jet. American pilots were captured and interrogated to learn about the aircraft's weaknesses.

The F-86 model has a slow climb speed at high altitudes and poor anti-attack capabilities. The probability of crashing under the same bombing conditions is much greater than that of the MiG-15. Therefore, the Soviet army quickly adjusted its combat plan and re-entered the battle.

In this duel, there is no complete victory, both sides suffer losses. Official data released by the United States and the Soviet Union show that the Soviet Union claimed to have shot down 1,097 enemy aircraft, including 651 F-86 Saber aircraft. This number does not include the 211 Saber aircraft shot down by the Chinese Volunteer Army, but the data may be adulterated. Very big.

The data from the United States is even more exaggerated. The title of the American movie " Top Gun " states: "In the air battle between the United States and China, the United States achieved an overwhelming advantage of 12:1."

The official data of the United States claims that a total of 674 Saber aircraft participated in the war. aircraft, only 78 were damaged, but as many as 792 MiGs were shot down.

After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, some files were released. The declassified files showed that the Chinese and Soviet armies lost a total of 477 aircraft.

is limited by official data, and the accuracy of the numbers cannot be guaranteed. Relatively accurate data can only be obtained through repeated comparisons of retained pilot files, aircraft maintenance records, and other information.

The United States and the Soviet Union were secretly competing. No one is willing to admit that they are lagging behind the other party, but bragging too much will appear to be a lack of confidence.

Veteran pilots’ desperate counterattack

As mentioned earlier, most of the Soviet Air Force experienced the baptism of World War II, had rich combat experience, and were mature combat pilots.

The most famous one is Kozhidub, the number one ace in World War II. He is a national fighting hero of the Soviet Union. He is a household name and has a great reputation.

Therefore, Stalin prohibited him from directly participating in the war to prevent the secret of the Soviet Union's participation in the war from being known.

Kozhidub did not fight directly, but he brought out the ace Pepelyaev who was unsurpassed in the jet fighter era. This person has a record of shooting down 23 aircraft with confirmed crashes, and has left a mark in the skies over North Korea.

The 196th Regiment led by Pepelyaev was the most elite fighter force in the Soviet Union at that time. All pilots were carefully selected and were the elite among the elite. They usually performed regular duties or performed flight demonstrations during inspections. .

After the outbreak of the Korean War, the regiment received an order and all members entered a state of emergency preparation. Immediately afterwards, the whole group arrived in the Dandong area of ​​​​ by land to wait for orders. The MiG-15 was also dismantled into parts and transported to China at the same time.

Before the war, superiors explicitly prohibited pilots from communicating in Russian during combat, and conducted short-term training in Chinese and Korean for them. Before going to the battlefield, the first step was to attack the language barrier. China also found it interesting and called them "Chinese Russians."

Even though Pepelyaev expressed great dissatisfaction with this, he had to follow the instructions of the supreme commander.

On April Fool's Day 1951, the Soviet Union made a huge joke. The pilots' psychological state was already tense during combat, and the unfamiliar language was used as the command during combat, so that the pilots could not speak clearly during combat communication, and the command system collapsed across the board.

The price of this incident was that two MiG-15s were shot down by the United States, and the United States remained unscathed.

Such a farce was staged on April Fool's Day to make the Americans laugh. Pepelyaev was furious and quickly protested to the division commander Kozhidub. Combat was a matter of life and death. Such childish play was simply a crime.

Kozhidub agreed with Pepelyaev's view and told him to act according to the situation during the war. He indirectly agreed that pilots could use Russian to communicate about the war situation during the war. This is also the reason why the United States heard Russian on the radio.

In another air battle three days later, Pepelyayev led his regiment to make a second sortie with remarkable results. Pilot Shabanov shot down an F-86 and achieved the first victory of the 196th Regiment.

Pepelyaev himself also shot down an F-86 on May 20. Since then, the Soviet air superiority has gradually improved.

The combat effectiveness of the F-86 has indeed impacted the strength of the Soviet Air Force. If its specific situation cannot be understood, the Soviet Union will not have any advantage in the Korean air battle.

The Soviet Union realized the problem and took corresponding measures to intercept the F-86. Pepelyayev, the ace pilot, was the turning point of the whole matter.

Pepelyaev shot down an F-86 fighter plane by chance.

On July 11, 1951, the air battle between the Soviet Union and the United States intensified. Both sides suffered losses in the battle, and new aircraft were quickly added. The war scene was very fierce.

Although Pepelyaev is an ace pilot, there is no guarantee that he will continue to fight when his fighter plane is scarred. He flew the fighter back to base and retired from the battle.

Pie in the sky happened at this moment. Pepelyaev encountered an F-86 on his way back.

Of course, he didn't miss this golden opportunity. He secretly followed and attacked him. His shots were all perfect, and he toyed with the enemy while applauding.

has to lament that Pepelyaev was indeed the king of an era, and his skills and abilities were unparalleled at the time.

The US military pilot had to make an emergency landing and parachute to escape. A complete "Saber" was parked on the beach, and the Soviet army obtained the enemy's captive aircraft one step ahead of the Americans.

And this veteran pilot quickly adjusted his combat plan according to the enemy's aircraft types, reversing the Soviet Union's air supremacy and leaving an important mark in the history of the Soviet nation.