The crash that nailed the last nail on the coffin board of the Boeing 737MAX airliner?
The new Ethiopian Airlines logo
March 10, 2019, Addis Ababa Bole International Airport (formerly known as Haile Selassie I International Airport), 1 A Boeing 737MAX8 passenger aircraft belonging to Ethiopian Airlines (registration number ET-AVJ, which was delivered on October 30, 2018 and delivered to Ethiopian Airlines on November 5, was only four months old at the time of the incident, which is definitely one A new aircraft cannot be new) is preparing for takeoff. The aircraft will fly ET302 from Bole International Airport to Jomo Kenyatta International Airport in Nairobi, Kenya. There are 2 crew members, 6 crew members and 149 passengers on board.
The ET-AVJ Boeing 737MAX8 passenger plane painted by Ethiopian Airlines
The captain of the ET310 flight is Yard, who has 9 years of experience in Ethiopian Airlines. Murukita, with more than 8,000 hours of flying experience, began flying Boeing 737 as the captain in November 2017 (the specific model should be Boeing 737-800); the co-pilot is a "recruitment egg" with only 200 hours Flight experience, just completed the instrument flight training and got on the plane for the first officer qualification assessment. This "old with new" model is very common among airline crews.
A corner of Addis Ababa Bole International Airport
Passengers come from 35 countries and regions (including 32 Kenyans, 18 Canadians, and 1 Ethiopian) , 8 Chinese, 8 Italians, 8 Americans, 7 French, 7 British, 5 Dutch and 1 Belgian), most of the passengers took the flight to go to Nairobi to participate in the fourth The United Nations Environment Assembly. The passengers also included Hussein Sval, head of the Kenya Football Association, Sebastino Tusa, an Italian archaeologist and local official in Sicily, and Blanca, wife of Slovak MP Anton Onkao, and a pair of children Martin and Misala.
Ethiopian Airlines Boeing 737 cabin interior
Among the 8 Chinese citizens, there are tourists (one of them is a 21-year-old female student from Zhejiang Wanli University, she departed from Shanghai, The plan is to go to Africa with a foreign boyfriend to see giraffes), employees of Chinese companies in Ethiopia, and a staff member of the United Nations Environment Program, which is also presumably related to the United Nations Environment Conference in Nairobi (with the theme of "One Earth").
There was originally a Greek man and a UAE man who missed the flight due to various reasons, and lost their lives by accident.
At 8:35, the crew asked for taxi to the Addis Ababa Airport tower.
"Addis Ababa, this is Ethiopian Airlines 302, request taxiing."
"Ethiopian Airlines 302, taxiing to runway 07R is allowed."
"Taking to runway 07R, Ethiopian Airlines 302 received it.”
At 8:37, when flight ET302 arrived at the start of runway 07R, the tower issued an order to allow takeoff. The weather was fine that day, visibility exceeded 10 kilometers, low altitude and few clouds, very suitable for aircraft to take off and land.
The second view of the Boeing 737MAX8 passenger plane ET-AVJ painted by Ethiopian Airlines painted by our factory director
"Ethiopian Airlines 302, allowed to take off on runway 07R."
"Take off on runway 07R, Ethiopian Airlines 302 understands."
After finishing the conversation with the tower, Captain Murukita ordered "Takeoff Thrust".
Captain: "80 knots."
Co-pilot: "Confirm."
Captain: "100 knots, V1."
Co-pilot: "Confirm."
Captain: "130 knots, VR, wheel lift."
Co-pilot: "Confirm." (The co-pilot does not have the qualification to take off and land alone, so During the take-off and landing phase, only the captain's instructions can be repeated)
At 8:38:22, Flight ET302 successfully took off from Runway 07R of Addis Ababa Airport.
Captain: "Climbing, retract the landing gear."
Co-pilot: "Confirm the landing gear retracted, sir."
Captain: "Climbing thrust."
Deputy Driving: "Confirm."
Within 30 seconds after taking off and leaving the ground, the aircraft climbed to the predetermined cruise altitude at the normal rate of climb, and everything seemed normal.
Ethiopian Airlines Boeing 737MAX8 passenger plane taking off
8:38:53, which is the 31st second after the plane left the ground, the climb rate of flight ET302 suddenly dropped sharply , From 1000 feet per minute to 128 feet per minute, because the engine thrust has not changed, the direct consequence of the decrease in climb rate is the soaring speed, from 190 knots to 260 knots. In this state, the aircraft flew in an approximately level flight attitude for a while, and then began to climb again at 8:39:18, but the climb attitude was not stable, and the altimeter readings were high and low.
In view of this situation, the inexperienced co-pilot is naturally awkward. The experienced Mulukita judged that the aircraft had a mechanical failure, so he called the Addis Ababa Tower to request a return.
"Ethiopian Airways 302 called Addis Ababa. There was a problem with the control of my aircraft, and I requested to return to the airport and land."
"Received, Ethiopian Airlines 302, allow to return, you can do it from anywhere Approach.”
Soon after the call, Flight ET302 started a roller coaster flight:
8:39:21, the rate of climb of flight ET302 increased sharply from -64 feet per minute to per minute. At 960 feet in minutes, the speed continued to rise from 260 to 300 knots.
At 8:39:40, the climb rate of ET302 flight dropped from 960 feet per minute to -1216 feet per minute, and the speed continued to rise from 300 knots to 320 knots.
At 8:40:06, the climb rate of flight ET302 increased sharply from -1216 feet per minute to 1,200 feet per minute.
At 8:40:47, the climb rate of flight ET302 continued to surge from 1,200 feet per minute to 2,624 feet per minute. The speed rushed to 383 knots!
Then flight ET302 lost contact with the ground. The wreckage of the plane was subsequently found in the town of Debresett, about 60 kilometers southeast of Addis Ababa. Witnesses claimed: At about 8:44, the passenger plane plunged to the ground at a high speed and at a large angle. After the crash, it exploded and caused a strong fire. All 157 people on board were killed and none survived. This air crash became the second serious incident involving the destruction of a Boeing 737MAX8 airliner after the crash of Indonesian Lion Air flight JT610 in the sea off Karawang, West Java on October 29, 2018, which killed 189 people.
A piece of wreckage belonging to flight ET302
Because there are Chinese citizens on the plane, the Chinese Embassy in Ethiopia dispatched personnel to negotiate with Ethiopia as soon as the crash occurred. Ascertaining the information of Chinese citizens boarding the plane, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China also issued a statement immediately, expressing the Chinese government's clear position on the air crash.
Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Lu Kang said: “After learning of the air crash, the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs immediately instructed the embassy in Ethiopia to activate the emergency response mechanism and urgently contact the Ethiopian government, Ethiopian Airlines and other relevant parties to understand the situation. After verification, the crash occurred. There are 8 Chinese citizens on the plane, including 1 resident from Hong Kong, China. We express our deep condolences to the victims andThe families of the victims expressed their deep condolences. "
" The Chinese side hopes that the Ethiopian side will find out the cause of the accident as soon as possible, notify the Chinese side of the investigation progress in time, and properly handle the follow-up. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the embassy in Ethiopia will continue to pay close attention to the relevant developments and provide active assistance to the families of the Chinese citizens who died in the aftermath. ”
ET302 flight crash site
The official investigation report of Ethiopian Airlines flight 302 3.10 Debresett is unknown, but according to the report of Lion Air JT610 accident, flight ET310 is crashing The "roller coaster" pitch at the last moment, the dialogue recording of the captain reporting to the tower that there was a problem with the control of the aircraft, and witness descriptions of the crash posture of flight ET310. Many in the aviation industry tend to believe that it was a flight with JT610. Air crashes with similar crash causes: the problem lies in the stall protector of the Boeing 737MAX8 passenger aircraft. Once the angle of attack sensor on the aircraft has a data interpretation error, the stall protector will issue an error command to the tail trim system that the aircraft is about to stall and start it. The automatic protection function "automatically" keeps the nose down without the pilot's manual operation.
A new automatic anti-stall system is installed on the Boeing 737 MAX 8 and MAX 9 models. The purpose is to help the cockpit crew to avoid raising the nose of the aircraft to a dangerous height by mistake. However, in some cases, the system can lower the nose unexpectedly, and the amplitude is too large, so that the crew cannot reposition the nose. Elevation, this situation may cause the aircraft to dive or crash.
And because the automatic protection system is very powerful, it can forcefully intervene in the control when the pilot manually operates the aircraft, and "rudely" compete with the pilot for control of the aircraft The right and the ability to win, so that the pilots have no possibility of saving the plane by themselves.
The parked Ethiopian Airlines Boeing 737MAX fleet
Ethiopian Airlines ET302 flight Germany After the Bresset air crash, the world has successively grounded the Boeing 737MAX, a new type of passenger aircraft, and there are still no signs of loosening and go-around. The new generation of new passenger aircraft may be "cool" and it is unknown.
Details of Boeing 737MAX8 passenger plane ET-AVJ painted by Ethiopian Airlines 1
ET-AVJ Boeing 737MAX8 passenger plane painted by Ethiopian Airlines painted by our director Detail 2
Ethiopian Airlines paint ET-AVJ Boeing 737MAX8 passenger plane 3
Ethiopian Airlines paint painted by the director Details of the ET-AVJ Boeing 737MAX8 passenger plane 4
E T-AVJ performance data
Type: Boeing 737MAX8
Crew: 2 crew + 200 crew (maximum)
Length: 39.52 meters
Wingspan: 35.9 Meter
Height: 12.3 meters
Empty weight: 41145 kg
Maximum take-off weight: 79002 kg
Maximum commercial load: 20540 kg
Engine: Two CFM International LEAP -1B turbofan engine, a single thrust of 117.3 kN
Economic cruising speed: 839 kilometers per hour
Maximum load range: 3515 kilometers
Practical service ceiling: 10700 meters
Appendix: Chinese compatriots on flight ET302, excerpted from Sohu "Those Chinese on Ethiopian Airlines ET302｜SearchThe rescue work is basically over. When will the truth emerge? 》
The boarding pass of the suspected Chinese passenger found at the crash site
There were 8 Chinese compatriots on the surviving Ethiopian Airlines flight ET302. Among them, there are employees of central enterprises, staff of the United Nations, and successful businessmen. They come from Zhejiang, Shandong, Liaoning, Hubei, Hong Kong... The oldest is Wang Ming in 1972, and the youngest is Chen Lu in 1997.
One of the Chinese girls who died, Xiaoyi (pseudonym) was from Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang. She was the only daughter in her family and a senior at Zhejiang Wanli University. She will graduate this year.
At 21:11 on March 9th, Xiaoyi’s last Moments update was positioned at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, "Go to see my giraffe". In the picture, the food at the table has just been eaten halfway, passport Hold the ticket and put it aside.
The last circle of friends sent by Xiaoyi
On the 11th, the press center of China Electronics Technology Group Co., Ltd. (abbreviated as China Electronics Technology) issued a message saying that the company’s affiliated China Electronics Technology International Zhou Yuan, an employee of Trading Co., Ltd. (abbreviated as Denko International), was unfortunately killed in the Ethiopian air crash.
introduced by China Electronics Technology, born in Zhou Yuan in October 1981, joined Electronics International, a subsidiary of China Electronics Technology, in July 2004, used to be the project manager of the African region, and currently serves as the vice president of Southern Africa Region of Electronics International Manager and preside over daily work. Zhou Yuan has been fighting on the front line of the African market all year round. He frequently flies to important target markets for companies in Kenya and Angola, and actively develops business with his full work enthusiasm. The purpose of this trip to Africa is to promote the implementation of project negotiations.
At 7:48 on March 10, local time, Zhou Yuan sent a text message to a colleague who arrived in Nairobi earlier at the airport: I am already on the plane, see you at the airport! This also became the last text message sent by Zhou Yuan before his death.
Zhou Yuan's photo before his death
Jin Yetao was one of the 8 wrecked passengers. He is an employee of AVIC International. He was once the sole representative of AVIC International in South Sudan and participated in the implementation of 40 community hospital projects in South Sudan. The hardships can be imagined. When taking this flight, his business mission was to carry out vocational education in Kenya, Uganda, and Gabon. At 23:59 on February 16th, he took a picture of a rose-shaped cake with the text: This is the best five years in life, looking forward to the next better five years. This is the last move he left.
Golden Yetao’s photo before his death
China Aviation Materials spokesperson Qu Jingrong said that in the Ethiopian air crash, the two victims of the company were male employees. Hao, female employee Gao Shuang. The two went to perform official duties together, and the work content was different. Gao Shuang was mainly responsible for financial settlement, and Wang Hao was mainly responsible for business. At present, China Aviation Materials has set up a leading group to carry out relevant aftermath work. The families of the two victims are applying for certificates and will go to the scene of the incident accompanied by staff of the company. "They have just heard the news and are emotionally temporary. I can’t accept it. It’s too sudden.”
Qu Jingrong said, Wang Hao is only in his 30s, married, and often travels to many countries on business. He is very serious and dedicated. “He has a child, One or two years old.”
“Gao Shuang works in Beijing most of the time. This time he only went to work overseas for about ten days.” Qu Jingrong introduced that Gao Shuang has been working for several years. He originally worked in a group company. Okay, I was seconded to the group to work for about two years, responsible for financial work, proficient in business, and outstanding job performance.
"It's a pity that both of them are very good young people. We couldn't believe it at first, and our colleagues were also very sad."
On March 11, the UN official Weibo posted a message saying , Confirmed that 21 staff members were killed in the Ethiopian Airlines crash, including Zeng Chengyi (resident of Hong Kong, China) of the United Nations Environment Programme.
Zeng Chengyi's photo before his death
Issued by UN Environment Information OfficeThe article said: "The departure of Zeng Chengyi is a huge loss for both the UN Environment Programme and the entire UN system. His body perfectly combines and unifies selfless volunteerism and majestic idealism. The best embodiment of the spirit and ideals of the United Nations.”
Huang Zhenzhen, a staff member of the United Nations World Food Program, was also one of the unfortunate victims. From November 2014 to May 2017, she has been working in the Philippines office of the United Nations World Food Program. Working hard and always smiling, she was given an intimate nickname by her colleagues: ZZ.
Huang Zhenzhen's photo before his death
local time on March 11, the United Nations and related agencies lowered their flags at half mast to show their condolences. "We will miss you. Everything you have done for us will be unforgettable."
Another Chinese passenger is a tourist from Benxi, Liaoning, who is a male. He was traveling through Ctrip. In this regard, Ctrip has launched the "Emergency Plan for Major Emergencies", has opened a dedicated rescue line to provide all assistance to passengers' families within its capacity, and actively maintains close contact with Ethiopian Airlines.
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