2001 In the early days of the establishment of SCO , some analysts believed that in the future, China will adopt the strategy of "walking on two legs", focusing on maritime security in the southeast direction, and strengthening road security in the northwest direction.
As the influence of the SCO continues to expand, China's relations with SCO member states are deepening. Analysts believe that this is China's strategy of maintaining stability in the western region through strengthening exchanges with Central Asian countries to better implement the " Western Development " strategy.
The current situation in Russia and Ukraine is still unclear and the fierce competition between China and the United States can be analyzed that Central Asia's strategic position has been elevated to an unprecedented level, because who can control Central Asia, the North can pose a threat to Russia, and the East can contain China. Therefore, the United States has continuously wooed Central Asia through various means in recent years, hoping that Central Asia will turn to its own side.
China and Russia have seen this clearly. In order to prevent Central Asian countries from becoming the "chess pieces" of the United States in Asia, they have also tried their best to strengthen their influence in Central Asia. However, since the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, Russia has no time to take care of the Central Asian region, and its own influence has gradually weakened in this region. China has used this to increase its investment in Central Asia to avoid being under pressure from both east and west.
In this general environment and background, currently through the head of state visits to Kazakhstan and Usbekistan, diplomacy and China actively promotes the expansion of SCO member states, it can be seen that China has for enhancing its ties with Central Asian countries, building closer bilateral and multilateral cooperation, and enhancing its influence in Central Asia, while thwarting the US conspiracy to win over Central Asian countries.
In 2013, China proposed the idea of building the Silk Road Economic Belt , an important node on the ancient Silk Road in Central Asia. To the west, you can reach Middle East and Europe, to the south, to the south, and to Russia, and after China proposed this idea, many Central Asian countries called for the restoration of the ancient Silk Road, which is also an opportunity for rapid development for them.
So in September 2022, China proposed to build a cross-border railway starting from China, connecting China, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan . If it combines the previously proposed China-Pakistan Railway that connects Xinjiang Kashgar and Guadal and China-Nepal Railway that connects Tibet Jilong County to Nepal capital Kathmandu , the purpose of China's three international railways in the west is to strengthen connectivity with countries in Central and South Asian countries.
As the project progresses steadily, the biggest problem that follows is the security issues in the surrounding areas. Because of the special relationship between Nepal and India, the construction of the China-Nepal Railway will inevitably affect India's influence in Nepal, so India cannot continue to better control Nepal, which has a fierce conflict with China.
to build the China-Pakistan Railway and the China-Jiji-Ukraine Railway , which requires crossing many dangerous areas, which basically have frequent armed conflicts in these areas, so how to deal with them is also a difficult problem.
So China has been in the framework of the SCO and has continuously placed the issue of ensuring the security of Central Asia in the most prominent position. The Chinese representative once again emphasized the security of Central Asia in the Asia Information Conference ( Asia Mutual Cooperation and Trust Measures Conference ) held in Kazakhstan.
Since the collapse of The Soviet Union has been swaying through various means such as economic, military, and political, and has repeatedly used Afghanistan to try to establish military bases in Central Asian countries.
and Central Asia also saw the United States clearly. In addition to the United States establishing the Manas Air Force Base in Kyrgyzstan during the Afghanistan War (closed in 2013), no soldiers were stationed on the lands of the five Central Asian countries.
And the five Central Asian countries also have their own ideas. Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan and Tajikistan were all formerly franchises of the Soviet Union, and China is one of its most trustworthy partners, so the five Central Asian countries have always hoped that China and Russia can support them. In 1992, under the initiative of the then President of Kazakhstan, the Asia-Africa mutual cooperation and trust measures on security issues between 27 Asian and African countries, including the five Central Asian countries and China and Russia (Asia Conference).
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