In our daily life and work, we often mention the term "state organs", but many people may not be able to accurately define which units they refer to.
Simply put, state organs refer to the complete set of institutions established to exercise state power and effectively manage the state and society; state organs are divided into central state organs and local state organs.
So what units do central state organs refer to?
President of the People's Republic of China: President is the national representative of our country and one of the main state institutions; the President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China are elected by the National People's Congress, and each term of office is the same as that of each term of office of the National People's Congress, and it is five years, and generally no more than two terms of office.
Chinese citizens over the age of 45 who have the right to vote and are elected can be elected as President of the People's Republic of China.
The President of the State conducts state activities on behalf of the state and accepts foreign envoys; in accordance with the decisions of the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee, the law is promulgated, the Premier, Vice Premier, State Councilors and heads of various ministries and commissions are appointed and removed, a state of emergency, declares a state of war, and a mobilization order is issued.
The President of the State is a state-level position, and is served by the General Secretary; the President of the State has set up a presidential office, and the director of the office is served by the Director of the General Office of the Central Committee, and is a provincial and ministerial position.
National People's Congress and Standing Committee: National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress exercise national legislative power. The National People's Congress is composed of representatives elected by provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, special administrative regions and the military; the National People's Congress representatives do not have specific administrative levels, come from all walks of life, and many of them are outside the system.
The chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the administrative level is the national level, and the vice chairman is the vice-national level.
The National People's Congress has 10 special committees including Ethnic Committee , Agriculture and Rural Committee, and the directors of each special committee are at the ministerial level.
is set up below: Provincial People's Congress, Municipal People's Congress, County People's Congress and Township People's Congress, where democratic elections are held every five years.
State Council: is the Central People's Government, it is the executive organ of the highest state power organ in my country, and it is the highest state administrative organ in my country.
The State Council is composed of the Premier, Vice Premier, State Councilor, Ministers of various ministries, Directors of various committees, Auditor General, and Secretary-General.
According to the organizational setting plan, the State Council set up the General Office, which has 26 components and 1 directly affiliated special agency, that is, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, which are all provincial and ministerial-level institutions; it also has 10 directly affiliated institutions, 2 service agencies, 9 directly affiliated institutions, and 16 national bureaus managed by the management of and 16 ministries and commissions.
The State Council implements the Premier’s responsibility system; the Premier and the top vice premier are members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the administrative level is the state-level, and other vice premiers and state-owned members are the vice-national level.
National Supervisory Commission: National Supervisory Commission and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection are one set of personnel, two brands, joint office ; members of the leadership team of the National Supervisory Commission , and also join the leadership team of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.
The National Supervisory Commission is the highest supervisory agency in my country. It is produced by the National People's Congress. It is responsible for the national supervision work, leads the work of the local supervision committees at all levels, is responsible to the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee, and is subject to supervision.
Each term of office of the National Supervisory Commission is the same as that of each term of the National People's Congress. It is for five years, and the director of the National Supervisory Commission shall not serve more than two consecutive terms.
The organization specifications of the National Supervisory Commission are at the vice-state level. The director is generally a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, a secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, and a deputy secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. He is a vice-state-level leader.
Supreme People's Court : is the highest judicial organ in my country. It is responsible for hearing all kinds of cases, formulating judicial interpretations, supervising the trial work of local people's courts at all levels and special people's courts , and managing the judicial administration work of courts across the country in accordance with the scope of responsibilities determined by the law.
All cases of death sentences nationwide must be reported to the Supreme People's Court for approval.
The institutional specifications of the Supreme People's Court are at the vice-state level, the president is the chief justice, and the administrative level is at the vice-state level; the vice-president in charge of daily work is a first-level justice, and the administrative level is at the ministerial level.
The Supreme People's Court has established filing court , the first criminal trial court, the second criminal trial court, the first civil trial court, the second civil trial court, the second civil trial court, the second civil trial court , the administrative trial court, the trial supervision court, the first circuit court, the executive bureau, the General Office, the Political Department, the Party Committee of the Organization, the Retired Cadre Bureau, the News Bureau and other departments. The administrative level of the department head is the department level at the main department level.
Supreme People's Procuratorate : It is the highest procuratorate in my country, leading the work of local people's procuratorates at all levels and specialized people's procuratorates, and exercising the power of state procuratorates for whether staff and citizens of all departments under the State Council, local state organs at all levels, and comply with the law.
Procuratorate exercises procuratorial powers independently on behalf of the state in accordance with the law and is not subject to interference from any administrative organs, social groups or individuals.
The organization specifications of the Supreme People's Procuratorate are the vice-state level, and the procurator general is the chief prosecutor and the vice-state level leader.
Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China: Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China and the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China form what we often call the Central Military Commission. It is a set of people and two brands, and its main function is to directly lead the armed forces of the country.
The Central Military Commission is the highest military leadership body in my country, with the specifications at the national level and the chairman's responsibility system is implemented; Military Commission The chairman's level is at the national level and is also the General Secretary of the Central Committee, and the vice chairman and members are vice-national leaders.
In addition, strictly speaking, National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference does not belong to the central state organs; the main functions of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and local committees at all levels are political consultation and democratic supervision, and are important institutions for organizing all parties, groups and people from all ethnic groups and walks of life participating in the CPPCC to participate in politics and make decisions. However, the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and its internal institutions also have administrative levels. The Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and a national-level leader, the vice chairman is a vice-state-level leader, and the cadres of the internal organs are also civil servants.
Conclusion: The above seven institutions are the central state organs of our country, with the level of the regular and vice-state, and have multiple internal institutions, including departmental and bureau-level, as well as provincial and ministerial-level, exercising state power at the central level, leading and guiding local state organs at all levels to effectively manage the society; with the development of society, state institutions are also adjusting and changing, constantly adapting to the new situation, and promoting the progress of our country's social economy.
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