I believe that during this period, many friends were attracted by the news that "Mount Fuji is about to erupt", and then showed their motherly "care" for Japan. Many melon-eaters were even ready to watch the live broadcast.
Is Mount Fuji in Japan really going to erupt? All this stems from a news update of the disaster prevention plan released by the Japanese National Police Agency on the Internet. It was published in Japan's "Jiji News Agency" and mentioned countermeasures for the eruption of Mount Fuji. However, this plan did not There is no speculation on when Mount Fuji will erupt or how much impact it will have. The full text of just lists the time of the last eruption of Mount Fuji, which leads to the topic of the need to prepare for volcanic eruptions at any time.
Later, this news was reprinted by some domestic media. This is understandable and can be regarded as news. However, this kind of thing that can stir up the emotions of the Chinese people quickly attracted the attention of the self-media industry. The more it spread, the more it changed. Originally, it was the Japanese police. The agency is making preventive preparations for Mount Fuji that can erupt at any time, and the Internet actually turned into " Japan's Mount Fuji is about to erupt in full, and Japan is sending police to prepare for disasters.". What's more, I actually saw it Some people on the Internet have also spread the nonsense that Japan is about to sink. This is probably influenced by the movie "The Sinking of Japan". The information cocoon should not be too obvious.
The difference between a few words means a very different meaning. I was not sure whether there will be any activities on Mount Fuji in Japan in the near future, so I asked a few friends who study or work in Japan to judge based on their feedback. , this matter has not attracted much attention in Japan. There are actually very few reports on this news on Japanese news websites, and the website of the Japan Meteorological Observatory, which should pay the most attention to this news, has not made many updates recently. .
Mount Fuji in Japan has neither smoked nor erupted recently. Why has the Japanese authorities taken it seriously?
One of the most important reasons is that volcanoes around the world have been in a relatively active state in recent years. For example, on January 15 this year, the Tonga submarine volcano erupted and also caused a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean. In September 2021, the Atlantic Ocean A volcanic eruption occurred on Palma Island, and the flow of lava caused heavy losses to nearby residents. In December of the same year, the Semeru volcano in Indonesia also erupted.
In addition, in Japan, the 2014 eruption of Mount Ontake volcano left more than 60 people dead or missing, and the submarine volcano on the Ogasawara Islands and Mount Aso also erupted in 2021, Furthermore, the Japanese deer The Sakurajima volcano in Kojima City also has relatively frequent eruptions. The higher frequency of volcanic eruptions in the world has naturally attracted the attention of the Japanese authorities to the larger Mount Fuji in Japan.
Because Japan is located at the junction of the Pacific Plate, the American Plate and the Eurasian Plate, there are many natural disasters, volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis are almost commonplace, so the Japanese authorities have always paid more attention to the prevention and control of natural disasters. Although Mount Fuji is not It is the largest volcano in Japan, but it has long been included in the list of the most dangerous active volcanoes in Japan.
Under normal circumstances, a large volcano will usually erupt once every 30 years or so to release the excess magma and energy in the volcanic rock chamber. For example, Mount Fuji erupted from 800 to 1083 AD. It erupted 12 times, with an average of one eruption every 23 years. But the volcano then entered a long dormant period, with an interval of about 400 years, until it erupted again in 1511.
According to the current situation of scientific development, humans cannot accurately predict the time of a volcanic eruption, and it is also difficult to discover the rules of volcanic eruptions. Mount Fuji’s most recent eruption was in 1707, and now more than 200 years have passed. Time, must have stored a large amount of energy and magma in its body.
According to data obtained by Japan's National Institute of Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, the internal pressure of Mount Fuji has reached an astonishing 1.6 MPa. What is this concept? The pressure that triggers a volcanic eruption is usually only 0.1 MPa, but now the pressure inside Mount Fuji has reached about 16 times the critical value, which is even much higher than that recorded in 1707, so the Japanese authorities are not worried It's groundless.
Although the 1.6 MPa mentioned here is not necessarily the decisive factor in causing the eruption of Mount Fuji volcano, who can accurately judge that Mount Fuji may be frantically accumulating energy and waiting for a certain opportunity? Therefore, predictions about the eruption of Mount Fuji are overwhelming across the Internet.
As early as 1982, the famous Japanese meteorologist Masatoshi Sagara predicted the time when Mount Fuji would erupt. He speculated that Mount Fuji would erupt in September 1983 and cause a large-scale earthquake. Immediately afterwards, there were many Scientists followed suit and made numerous inferences, but none of these inferences came true in the end. Subsequently, the news about the imminent eruption of Mount Fuji faded from people's sight.
Until the beginning of the 21st century, a series of low-frequency earthquakes were suddenly detected at the foot of Mount Fuji. Japanese geologists immediately speculated that this was likely to be the shaking of the mountain caused by the rising process of magma.
In 2010, Japan also observed through geological satellites that the crust where the main body of Mount Fuji is located has deformed , which indicates that the volume of magma in Mount Fuji may be excessively expanding.
A major earthquake occurred in Japan in 2011. Subsequently, many hot springs of various sizes appeared on the southern flank of Mount Fuji. There was also a fault about 34 kilometers long, and the collapse zone was constantly releasing water vapor and some pungent smelling chemicals. gas.
With these reports, the news about the imminent eruption of Mount Fuji has once again appeared in people's eyes.
How harmful will the eruption of Mount Fuji be? Will it have any impact on neighboring countries?
As mentioned earlier, Japan is located at the junction of the world's three major plates and has frequent geological activities. The main source of Mount Fuji's volcanic activity is that the Pacific Plate continues to collide with the Eurasian Plate and subduct inward, pulling Mount Fuji at the junction of the two to synchronously caused by sinking.
Therefore, it is not unreasonable for some scholars to speculate that parts of Japan may sink to the bottom of the sea in the future.
Mount Fuji is a typical island arc volcano. The Pacific Plate is constantly subducting towards the Eurasian Plate. A large amount of volatile water or other materials carried on the plate will be continuously brought into the mantle, and These sudden materials will also change the chemical composition of the rocks in the mantle, which can accelerate melting just like adding salt to ice and snow. Coupled with a low-pressure and warming environment, the rocks inside can quickly melt and turn into magma.
The properties of magma formed in different regions are also different. Generally speaking, volcanoes formed on mid-ocean ridges and island areas in the ocean often have lower silica and volatile content, resulting in lower viscosity. , so the eruption is relatively mild. For example, the erupted magma will only flow quietly along the mountain to the foot of the mountain, which means it will only harm the place it flows through. You can even enjoy this kind of volcanic eruption from a distance. The grand scene.
The magma rocks in the subduction zone are different. They often have richer silica and volatile substances. Instantly, a large amount of material was sent into the sky several kilometers high, causing the sky to be covered with a thick dust haze for dozens or even hundreds of miles. Then volcanic ash about a few centimeters thick fell, just like the previous eruption. This is the case with the Tonga submarine volcano, and the Mount Fuji volcano also has this property.
Mount Fuji is a very standard volcano configuration. The gentle slopes extend in all directions to form many plains, and the closer you get to the top of the mountain, the steeper it becomes. After hundreds of thousands of years of geological evolution, layers of volcanic ash and lava have formed. Accumulation, therefore, Mount Fuji has now become the highest mountain in Japan - 3776 meters.
Mount Fuji today is like a time bomb . The key is that no one knows when it will explode. It may be within these three years, it may be three years later, and of course it may be thirty years later. Because of this, Japan needs to prepare for emergencies in advance.
If a volcanic eruption similar to the "Hoei eruption" occurs on Mount Fuji, the volcanic ash disaster zoning map of the Tokyo metropolitan area
Professor Fujii Toshiju, head of the Japanese volcanic eruption prediction team, warned:
"If Mount Fuji suddenly erupts, it will be a In a large-scale explosion, the thickness of volcanic ash falling nearby may reach 60 centimeters. Planes will be grounded and trains will be suspended. Millions of people may be affected by that time, including Tokyo, the capital of Japan. "
Volcanic eruptions usually start with a volcanic eruption. Three forms of damage are caused to the surrounding areas: lava flow, debris falling from the sky, and volcanic ash all over the sky. The range of the first two disasters is very limited, generally not exceeding 100 kilometers. As for volcanic ash, Its impact is regional. If it is large enough, may travel across the ocean with strong winds and be dispersed in the air for a long time. For example, the volcanic ash produced by the eruption of Tambora volcano in Indonesia in 1815 even spread to Europe, resulting in the "Year Without Summer" in most parts of the world in 1816.
There was also the previous volcanic eruption in Tonga. In addition to short-circuiting Tonga's electricity and various communication equipment, and almost losing contact with the world, it also triggered a certain-scale Pacific tsunami. Fortunately, Tonga has a sparse population and a low level of urbanization. It is particularly high, so the economic losses caused are not particularly large. If Mount Fuji erupts with the same power as the Tonga volcano, the economic losses to Japan will definitely be much greater. As for those who say Japan will disappear, it is a bit exaggerated. .
In fact, this impact also needs to take into account multiple factors, such as the prevailing wind direction at the time and the level of the eruption of Mount Fuji. The eruption of Mount Fuji will cause traffic jams and power outages on surrounding cities such as Tokyo. , there is no upper limit for the key points, and currently we can only make a rough guess.
Will the eruption of Mount Fuji have an impact on China?
Judging from the real situation, it is difficult!
Although Japan is very close to China, the closest place to China is Mount Fuji, which is hundreds of kilometers away. There is a vast ocean in between. The lava and volcanic debris caused by the eruption of Mount Fuji will hardly cause any harm to the surrounding cities in China. Impact.
As for volcanic ash, assuming that Mount Fuji volcano erupted at a high level and formed a huge volcanic ash, there is a very important controlling factor in the spread of volcanic ash, which is climate conditions .
From the map, the latitude of Mount Fuji is equivalent to the latitude of North my country. Don't forget that within this latitude range of the northern hemisphere, there is a westerly belt that flows from west to east. westerly winds prevail all year round. , and China is located to the west of Japan. No matter how large the volcanic ash is, it will drift towards the eastern Pacific. There will not be the "black clouds overwhelming the city" situation that some people say will occur in North China or Northeast my country.
In addition, Mount Fuji has erupted in history, but our country has no historical records of the impact of Mount Fuji's eruption on China. In other words, even if Mount Fuji erupts in Japan, no matter how large the scale is, the impact on China will be minimal. , so we should just do what we should do and stop worrying about things.
Summary
The possibility of Japan's Mount Fuji erupting in the near future is very small, but it does not mean that it has no possibility of erupting again. This is just a matter of time.
Moreover, Japan is an island country. At best, the eruption of Mount Fuji will only bring certain population or economic losses to the Tokyo area and other areas of Japan, but the impact on neighboring countries will be very limited. As for how much impact Japan will be affected by then, it depends. Mount Fuji erupted.
