The 10 poorest countries in the world

Madagascar is 400 kilometers away from the coast of East Africa and is the fourth largest island in the world.

10. Madagascar

Madagascar is 400 kilometers away from the coast of East Africa and is the fourth largest island in the world. Known for its amazing wildlife, the booming tourism industry has failed to lift the country out of poverty. Most of the population still lives on agriculture, making the country’s economy particularly vulnerable to weather-related disasters. Since independence from France in 1960, Madagascar has experienced political instability, violent coups and controversial elections.

However, in recent years, Madagascar has finally embarked on an upward trajectory. Andri Rajorina President and his predecessor (and main competitor) Herry Rajonarim Piannina have made poverty reduction and infrastructure development their main priorities. Growth is growing steadily, structural reforms are underway, and foreign investors are returning.

Everything changed last year. The World Bank stated that Covid-19 caused a sharp recession, which dealt a particularly severe blow to the employment population in the tourism and manufacturing industries. To make matters worse, the epidemic has also depleted financial resources available for priority investment and social projects, and has shelved the goal of achieving more inclusive growth.

Liberia family life

9. Liberia

Africa’s oldest republic has also been listed as the poorest country for the longest time. Since the end of the civil war in 2003, the country has enjoyed peace and stability, but its government has failed to adequately address serious systemic problems and structural challenges. To make matters worse, this country with a population of about 5 million suffered a lot from the fall in commodity prices and the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014.

Former football star George Weah (George Weah) When he became president in 2018, expectations were high. On the contrary, his tenure was damaged by high inflation, unemployment and negative economic growth. Although a moderate recovery is now expected,But Covid-19 will definitely cast a long shadow on the country's prospects.

Vegetable sellers in Mozambique

8. Mozambique

This former Portuguese colony has abundant arable land and water resources, as well as abundant energy and mineral resources. Mozambique is also in a strategic position because four of the six bordering countries are landlocked, relying on it as a channel for global trade, and the average GDP growth rate has often exceeded 7% in the past 10 years. However, it is still one of the 10 poorest countries in the world, and most of the population continues to live below the poverty line. Although the 15-year civil war ended in 1992, the harsh weather conditions, corruption and political instability have never disappeared. To make matters worse, since 2017, attacks by Islamic rebel groups have plagued the country's natural gas-rich northern regions-more than 4,000 people have been killed and another 600,000 have been displaced.

In the summer of 2020, the French company Total SA received $15.8 billion in funding for LNG facilities in the region-this is the largest foreign direct investment in Africa's history-and many hope that the project will mark a new beginning . However, in April 2021, due to repeated setbacks due to the escalation of violent attacks in the region, the company announced that it would suspend operations indefinitely.

Garbage pickers in Niger

7. Niger

80% of Niger's inland territory is covered by Sahara Desert, the population is growing rapidly, mainly relying on small-scale agriculture, and therefore subject to desertification and climate change Threat. Food insecurity is high, disease and death rates are high, and repeated conflicts between the military and the Jihad and the Islamic State (ISIS) affiliate Boko Haram have displaced thousands of people. One of the main drivers of the economy—the extraction of precious natural resources such as gold and uranium—is also affected by volatility and low commodity prices.

Nevertheless, the largest country in West Africa seems to have finally entered a new stage of political and economic transformation.Since independence from France in 1960, Niger has been ravaged by a military coup. In 2011, Niger announced that the veteran opposition leader Mahamadou Issuf had won the presidential election. Since then, the adoption of new investment guidelines, the improvement of credit channels and the acceleration of water supply channels have driven a sharp increase in foreign direct investment. Despite an attempted (and thwarted) military coup, Issouf stepped down this year after serving for two five-year terms. Niger assumed a new president in its first democratic transfer of power—a teacher and former president. Minister of the Interior Mohammed Bazum. Although the country has reported relatively few cases, its economy grew by only 1.2% last year.

Women’s head items in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

6. The Democratic Republic of the Congo

Since independence from Belgium in 1960, Congo has experienced decades of greedy dictatorship, political instability and constant violence. The country turned a page in 2019, when Félix Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo—the son of legendary opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi—was elected as the new president.

The task he faces is daunting. His controversial predecessor Joseph Kabila (Joseph Kabila has been in power since he succeeded his assassinated father in 2001) is believed to have ended the war commonly referred to as the "Great African War". As many as 6 million lives have been lost, whether as a direct result of fighting or because of disease and malnutrition. However, he has done little to improve the lives of postwar survivors: more than 60% of the country's 92 million people still live on less than two dollars a day.

The Democratic Republic of Congo has 80 million hectares of arable land. There are more than 1,000 kinds of minerals and precious metals beneath the surface. The median age of citizens is only 17.The World Bank stated that the Democratic Republic of the Congo has the potential to become one of the richest countries in Africa and a growth driver for the entire continent. Political instability, local corruption, and the current coronavirus pandemic continue to hinder this potential. In addition to these factors, new Ebola cases reappeared in the northeastern part of the country in February last year, less than a year after another outbreak that claimed more than 2,000 lives.

Malawi teachers are educating children

5. Malawi

As one of the smallest countries in Africa, Malawi has made great achievements in improving economic growth and implementing important structural reforms in recent years. Has made considerable progress. Despite this, poverty is still widespread, and the national economy-which relies mainly on rain-fed crops-is still vulnerable to weather-related shocks. Therefore, while living standards in urban areas have generally improved, the level of food insecurity in rural areas is extremely high.

Malawi is a generally peaceful country with a stable government since its independence from the United Kingdom in 1964. However, the results of the controversial polls are by no means anomalous. In 2020, the country’s Constitutional Court declared that the polls won by former President Peter Mutharika in the previous year’s general election were invalidated. The sworn-in theologian and politician Lazarus Chakwera declared that he wanted to provide the kind of leadership that "makes everyone prosper." The pandemic put the plan on hold: Last year, the country's GDP fell to 0.6% from 4.5% a year ago.

Central African Republic children play

4. Central African Republic

The Central African Republic is rich in gold, oil, uranium and diamonds. It is a very rich country with very poor people. However, after earning the title of the poorest in the world for most of the past decade, this country of only 4.75 million people is showing some signs of progress.

Since independence from France in 1960,The Central African Republic elected a president for the first time through democratic elections in 2016: former mathematics professor and prime minister Fustin Arshanchi Tuadella, who campaigned as a peacemaker and can bridge Muslim minorities and Muslims The differences between. Christians are in the majority. However, although his successful elections are seen as an important step towards national reconstruction, the country’s large-scale conditions are still controlled by anti-government and militia groups. In December last year, Tuadella won a second term, and rebels backed by former dictator François Bozizé tried to regain control of the country.

Despite these problems and incidents, economic growth has rebounded in recent years, driven by the recovery of the timber industry, agriculture and mining. The economy has also benefited from partially restored sales of diamonds, which were found to be funding inter-religious armed groups and were subject to an international embargo in 2013. However, the government has been working hard to restore sales, only to see that a small part of the income used to be like this, and about 70% of the population still lives below the poverty line. To make matters worse, the government’s lockdown and other measures to limit the spread of the coronavirus have forced many families to stay at home, preventing them from earning income.

Somali people's life

3. Somalia

Three years of internal violence and conflicts, frequent droughts and floods, followed by food insecurity and displacement, lack of access to medical services and rapid spread of infectious diseases Spread, especially the mass unemployment of young people-Somalis are increasingly desperate.

This country of 16 million people in the Horn of Africa seems to have never rested. The projected plan for GDP growth of more than 3% in 2020 was interrupted by the combined effects of the coronavirus pandemic, unprecedented locust infestations in modern times, and intensified flooding, resulting in a 1.5% economic contraction. However, the World Bank stated that Somalia may have a brighter future: “Rapid urbanization, increasing use of digital technologies, planned investments in energy, ports, education, and health sectors can support economic growth and job creation. Opportunity." A weak recovery is already underway, and the government has pledged to work to point the way for better resilience and growth.

About the government: In April this year,The Somali parliament voted to extend the four-year term of President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed) for another two years, which expired two months ago. The seizure of power triggered a political crisis, and rival factions clashed in the capital Mogadishu . In the end, Mohammed bowed to the growing opposition and called for a new presidential election. However, experts say there is still room for trouble.

South Sudan Women and Living Area

2. South Sudan

South Sudan is the newest country in the world. It was born on July 9, 2011, six years after the agreement ended the conflict with Sudan. This is the longest civil war in Africa. However, violence continues to ravage this inland state, which has a population of approximately 11 million. Composed of 10 territories in the southernmost part of Sudan and home to about 60 indigenous peoples, a new conflict broke out in 2013 when President Salvakir accused his former deputy and rebel leader Rick Machar of launching a coup. . As a result, it is estimated that as many as 400,000 people were killed in the conflict, and nearly 4 million people were internally displaced or fled to neighboring countries.

South Sudan may be a very wealthy country, but oil accounts for almost all of its exports. Falling commodity prices and rising security-related costs have hit the country’s economy. Outside the oil sector, the majority of the population is employed in traditional agriculture, although violence often prevents farmers from growing or harvesting crops.

Do people in South Sudan really have a chance to live a richer life? After signing the ceasefire and power-sharing agreement in 2018, the government and opposition parties formed a unified cabinet led by Presidents Kiir and Machar last year, serving as the first vice president. The agreement has proven to be fragile-but to some extent, it helps reduce politically motivated conflicts. It has not been effective in responding to the oil price shocks associated with the pandemic and the impact of the worst series of floods the country has experienced in 60 years-since last summer,They have killed livestock, destroyed crops and displaced thousands of families.

Burundi people buy water materials

1. Burundi

Burundi, a small landlocked country, is suffering from the poverty of and the internal war of the Hutu tribe-Tusi_span10 The degree is among the best in the world, which is quite enviable. Approximately 90% of its nearly 12 million citizens depend on subsistence agriculture (most of whom live on a daily basis of US$1.25 or less). Food shortages are a major problem: food insecurity is almost twice the average level in sub-Saharan Africa Africa country. In addition, access to water and sanitation facilities is still low, with less than 5% of the population having electricity. Needless to say, all these problems have been exacerbated by the pandemic.

Although the civil war officially ended 15 years ago, how did things develop? Lack of infrastructure, local corruption, security issues: factors that cause extreme poverty are usually common suspects. Pierre Nkurunziza, a charismatic former Hutu rebel who became president in 2005, initially managed to unite the country behind him and began to rebuild the economy. However, in 2015, the announcement that he would run for a third term — according to the opposition, which violated the Constitution — reignited the old dispute. The subsequent attempted coup d’état killed hundreds of people in the conflict and tens of thousands of people were displaced at home and abroad.

Nkurunziza, who was only 55 years old, died last summer-formally of cardiac arrest, although there is widespread suspicion that the real cause was Covid-19 . Evariste Ndayishimiye was a former general who Nkurunziza personally selected to succeed him at the end of his term.Sworn in a few days later. So far, his record has been mixed to say the least. Although, like his predecessor, he downplayed the severity of the virus, he worked hard to restart the economy and repair diplomatic relations with African neighbors, especially the European Union. Nkurunziza hopes that the group will resume financial assistance to Burundi after the sanctions were imposed after the 2015 political crisis. Concerns about the government's continued human rights violations against its citizens may hinder his wishes.

GDP (GDP) based on purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita.

The value is expressed in the current international dollar, to the nearest whole dollar, reflecting a year's currency exchange rate and purchasing power parity adjustments.

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rank	country	GDP- purchasing power parity (US $)
1	Burundi	760
2	Sudan	791
3	Somalia	925
4	Central African Republic	979
5	Malawi	993
6	the Democratic Republic of the Congo	1,106
7	Niger	1,259
8	Mozambique	1,277
9	Liberia	1,557
10	Madagascar	1,599
11	Chad	1,611
12	Sierra	1,725 ​​
13	Eritrea	1,821
14	Yemen	1,927
15	Togo	2,199
16	Kiribati	2
18	Gambia	2,276
19	Rwanda	2,337
20	Guinea-Bissau	2,348
21	Afghanistan	2,390
22	Mali	2,401
23
24	Uganda	2,574
25	Warner FIG	2,586
26	Guinea	2,604
27	Zimbabwe	2,622
28	Lesotho	2,718
29	Tanzania	2,821
30	Ethiopia	2,908
31	Haiti	2,916
32	Comoros	3,048
33	Zambia	3,342
34	Timor	3,382
35	Benin	3,437
36	FSM	3,446
37	Senegal	3,478
38	Cameroon	3,646
39	Tajikistan	3,676
40	Marshall Islands	3,786
41	Tome Principe and	3,829
s pan9span 42	PNG	3,833
43	Nepal	4,060
44	Sudan	4,098
45	Republic of the Congo	4,188
46	Tuvalu	4,497
47	Cambodia	4,695
48	Kenya	4,926
49	Kyrgyz Republic	5,036
50	Djibouti	5,096
51	Pakistan	5,150
52	Venezuela	5,178
53	Nigeria	5,187	5,242
55	Bangladesh	6,054
56	Ivory Coast	5,307
57	the West Bank and Gaza	5,365
58	Honduras	5,388
59	Nicaragua	5,575
60	Samoa _td171t d	5,653
61	Ghana	5,693
62	Mauritania	5,834
63	Libya	5,893
64	Belize	6,046
65	Tonga	6,191
66	Cape Verde	6,424
67	India	6,461
68	Angola	6,932
69	Uzbekistan	7,449
70	Morocco	7,619
71	Lao people's democratic Republic _ p2p	8,111
72	Guatemala	8,293
Bolivia	8,344
74	Salvador	8,421
75	Philippines	8,452
76	埃斯瓦蒂尼	8,957
77	Namibia	93,97
78	Nauru	9,856
79	Jamaica	9,975
80	Iraq	10,003
81	Tunisia	10,120
82	Jordan	10,306
83	Vietnam	10,869
84	Ecuador	11,009
85	Dominica	11,073
86	Algeria	11,112
87	Kosovo	11,274
88	Lebanon	11,564
89	Fiji	11,567
90	Mongolia	11,825
91	t	South	12,032
93	Bhutan	12,060
94	Indonesia	12,222
95	St. Vincent and the Grenadines	12,606
96	Egypt	12,790
97	Moldova	12,811
s pan9span 98	Paraguay	12,881
99	Iran	13,073
100	Ukraine	13,110
101	Sri Lanka	13,215
102	Armenia	13,261
103	Saint Lucia _td_p0span _td 171 trdp 168 td 04	Barbados	13,553
105	Albania	14,218
106	Palau	14,309
107	Colombia	14,324
108	Azerbaijan Span10span r180tr
110	Brazil	14,916
111	Georgia	14,918
112	Bosnia and Herzegovina (abbreviation: Bosnia and Herzegovina	15,046
113	Grenada	15,431
114	Gabon	15,970
115	Turkmenistan _ p2p	16,520
116	Northern Macedonia	16,712
117	Botswana	16,892
118	China	17,192
119	Equatorial Guinea	17,788
120	Thailand	18,236 _td171 tdtr0 _t168 tdp _td170 _td171 168td Dominican Republic	18,608
122	Antigua and Barbuda	18,618
123	Mexico	19,130 ​​
124	Serbia	19,146
125	Montenegro _ p2p	19,252
126	Maldives	19,609
127	Guiana _td1 71td	19,684
128	Costa Rica	19,990
129	Belarus	20,187
130	Mauritius	20,292
131	Argentina	20,751
132	Saint Kitts and Nevis	20,987 _td171tp _t168t_tdp 171 td _tdp 171 Romania 1td	27,887
134	Chile	23,336
135	Bulgarian	23,817
136	Trinidad and Tobago	25,031
137	Seychelles	25,414
138	Kazakhstan	26,565
139	Panama	27,003 _p 2p
140	Malaysia	27,402
141	Croatia	27,717
142	Russia	27,903
143	Greece	28,748
144	Aru Ba Island	29,090
145	Oman	30,178
145	turkey	30,253
147	Romania	30,526
148	Latvia	31,509
149	Slovak Republic	32,710
150	Hungary	33,030
151	tr0p 171 tr0d 171 tr0p 168t 168tp _td 171 _td 171 span10span	Puerto	34,025
153	Portugal	34,043
154	Poland	34,103
155	Estonia	37,745
156	Spain	38,392
157	Slovenia _td168ttrd 168_td171tp0 158	Lithuania	38,824
159	Cyprus	40,107
160	Israel	40,547
161	Czech Republic	40,618
162		40,861
163	Kuwait _td span_span_tr10 164	New Zealand	42,018
165	Japan	42,248
166	Malta	42,856
167	British	44,117
168	Korea	44,621
169	France	46,021
46,811
171	Canada	48,720
172	Bahrain	48,766
173	Finland	49,853
174	Belgium	51,096
175	澳大利亚	51,680
176	德国	54,076
177	瑞典	54,146
178	奥地利	55,218
179	台湾	55,724
180	冰岛	55,966
181	澳门特别行政区	56,078
182	荷兰	57,534
183 _td17 1td	圣马力诺	58,427
184	阿拉伯联合酋长国	58,753
185	丹麦	58,933
186	香港特别行政区	59,520
187	文莱达鲁萨兰国	62,371
188	美国	63,416
189	挪威 _ p2p	65,800
190	瑞士	72,874
191	卡塔尔	93,508
192	爱尔兰	94,392
193	新加坡	97,057
194	卢森堡	118,002