-mouth jade-Kingfisher family , stork-billed jade birds
[Animal Introduction]:
stork-billed jade (scientific name: Pelargopsis capens): body length 33-37 cm. Weight 140-200 grams. There are 13 subspecies in total, with large size, huge mouth shape and flat side, resemble a stork-like mouth, red, and nasal grooves on both sides of the mouth peak. The head is gray-brown, the upper body is blue, the lower body and the wide collar ring is ochre earth color, and the feet are red. There are no spots on the wings when flying.
mainly lives in evergreen broad-leaved forests, streams and river valley banks at an altitude of less than 1,200 meters. They often move alone, often hide in the bushes, stand on branches by the water and watch the water surface. When food is found, they will plunge into the water to catch it. He is timid and mainly feeds on fish, shrimp, crustaceans and aquatic insects. He also eats small invertebrates and vertebrates such as lizards, rats, frogs, snakes, locusts, and grasshoppers, . It is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and India.
[Montal Characteristics]:
Stork-billed Jade is a medium-sized bird with a huge mouth, thick, long and pointed, shaped like the mouth of a stork, red. The forehead, top of the head, and pillow are gray-brown, and there is a wide ochre yellow-brown collar ring on the back of the neck. The back is sky blue, and the waist, tail overly covered and tail feathers are blue. The surfaces of the upper back, shoulders and wings are dark iron blue, and the upper back is slightly embellished with green. Primary flying feather is black, the color of the feather edge is lighter, and secondary wing feather is dark blue. The entire lower body of the chin, throat, chest, abdomen, under-wing feathers and axilla feathers are ochre yellow-brown, among which the chin and throat are lighter in color.
iris brown, feet red. The mouth is red and flat; there is a nasal groove on both sides of the mouth peak; the tail is longer than the mouth; and the wings are short and round.
size measurement: weight 140-200 grams, body length 350-370 mm, mouth peak 72-84 mm, wings 146-165 mm, tail 94-98 mm, tars 15 mm.
[Recent Differences]:
Similar Type Blue Jade HTML Body size and mouth are small, with black head; chin, throat, upper chest and collar rings are white, and feathers are covered with black wings. There are white wing spots on the wings when flying, and the difference is very obvious.
[Habitat environment]:
mainly lives on streams and river valley banks in evergreen broad-leaved forests below 1,200 meters above sea level. Activate in waters such as rivers, streams, lakes and irrigation canals with clear and gentle water.
[Life habits]:
Stork-mouthed jade is lonely and mostly moves alone. Usually, they often stop straight on low branches, reeds or rocks near the water, and wait for fishing machines to hunt fish and shrimps in the water. Like other kingfishers, after piercing into the water, they can maintain excellent vision of fishing in the water, because after their eyes enter the water, they can quickly adjust the perspective contrast caused by light in the water. Therefore, Kingfisher fishing skills are almost every opportunity.
mainly feeds on fish, shrimp, crustaceans and aquatic insects, and also eats small invertebrates and vertebrates such as lizards, rats, frogs, snakes, locusts and grasshoppers. Cry: The bright and sharp "wiak wiak" looks like a laugh, and it makes a rough howl when alerting.
[Distribution range]:
Origin: Bangladesh , Brunei Darussalam, India, Indonesia , Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia , Myanmar, Nepal , Philippines , Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
Wandering: China.
[Reproduction method]:
The breeding period is 3-6 months. The nest is built in a cave on the river bank, and dig the holes to build the nest by yourself. The nest holes are tunnel-shaped, and the ends of the holes are expanded into nests. These caves generally do not have any preparations. Eggs are laid directly on the nest ground. Sometimes they also camp in tree holes by the river. Each litter lays 3-5 eggs, but most of them are 4-5 eggs. Eggs are in size 34-38 mm x 30-32 mm. The male and female birds take turns hatching. The young birds become late.
[Conservation Level]:
is included in the "Hong Kong Red List of Endangered Species of the World Union for Conservation of Nature" (IUCN) 2016 ver 3.1—No danger (LC).
is included in the second level of China's " National Key Protected Wildlife List " (February 5, 2021).
[Popular status]:
This species has a wide distribution range and is not close to the fragile endangered critical value standard for species survival (distribution area or fluctuation range is less than 20,000 square kilometers, habitat quality, population size, distribution area fragmentation), and population number trend is stable, so it is evaluated as a species without survival crisis.
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