Among pediatric outpatient and hospitalized patients, many children have failed to cure their cough for a long time. After examination, it was diagnosed as pertussis - an underestimated disease. The incidence rate has increased significantly in recent years, and parents need to p

Before the advent of the pertussis vaccine, whooping cough was an epidemic infectious disease, with an epidemic peak every 3 years, mainly in infants and young children, and the mortality rate was very high. Since the popularization of vaccination for whooping cough vaccine, the incidence of whooping cough has dropped significantly.

However, in the past 20 years, whooping cough has shown an upward trend in the world, and the onset age has changed from infants and young children to all ages, among which the majority of cases of infants, adolescents and adults younger than 6 months old account for the majority, which means "pertus cough reappears."

What are the symptoms of pertussis?

Typical cold symptoms such as whooping cough are low in the early stages, mild cough, runny nose, sneezing, fatigue, etc., and the heat subsides for 3 to 4 days, but the cough gradually worsens. 7 to 10 days after the onset of

, , , spastic cough, , , when the cough occurs, more than 10 or 20 to 30 times, the child has red face, open his mouth and sticks out his tongue, bends forward, and communicates with tears, his expression is painful, his lips are purple when coughing, and incontinence is incontinent, until he spits out viscous sputum and stomach contents, and the cough stops. Some patients are accompanied by the tail sound of the chicken crowing sound.

generally cough less during the day and more coughs at night (light during the day and severe at night). Cough can be induced when there are emotional fluctuations, fear, irritability, crying, irritability, cold air stimulation, smelling sterilization, etc., and when someone smokes, eats, or checks the throat in the room. Most children have normal expressions and good diet when they do not cough.

Infants and severely ill children are prone to pneumonia and encephalopathy . A few infants and newborns are suffocated due to severe coughing and blockage of respiratory secretions, and this situation often occurs at night. If rescue is not done in time, suffocation and hypoxia may be life-threatening. After 2 to 6 weeks of this spastic cough, if there are no complications, the cough will gradually decrease and heal. Check that blood has abnormalities in regular , generally the white blood cells are significantly increased, and the percentage of lymphocytes is increased.

html3 months old infants often have spastic coughs in atypical , and they often have purple lips, shortness of breath, suffocation, etc. after coughing several times.

html Children and adults over 36 years old are not typical of , and there is no spasm-like cough, which is mostly manifested as long-term coughing, taking amoxicillin or cephalosporin drugs is not effective, and the white blood cells in the routine examination are not elevated. In this case, is easily misdiagnosed as bronchitis or pneumonia.

Treatment and nursing points for pertussis

Children with pertussis need isolation treatment . In order to avoid inducing cough, the room should be kept quiet and comfortable to keep the child calm. Avoid all factors that can induce spasm and cough. Parents should not smoke indoors and avoid spicy and irritating foods. When

spasm occurs, you can take a seat or lie on your side. Newborns or babies can also lie on adults' legs, lean forward 45 to 60 degrees, repeatedly with empty palms and pat the back from bottom to top to help sputum discharge , and then use gauze, handkerchief, etc. to clean up vomit.

Infant suffocation often occurs at night . Therefore, during acute periods, special personnel should be arranged to be on duty at night. Once suffocation occurs, artificial respiration, sputum suction, etc. are required in time. How to prevent whooping cough?

1 prevents children from contracting whooping cough. First of all, should pay attention to the nutrition of children. Exercise appropriately for those who are older to enhance immunity and prevent the decline of cold resistance.

2 During the epidemic of pertussis, avoids contact with patients . Currently, most of the infection sources are family members, especially parents who are important infection sources of whooping cough in children. If a family member has a cough, it needs to be checked and treated in time.

3 vaccination with pertussis vaccine is the most important measure to prevent pertussis. At present, immunization of the triple vaccine program for diphtheria and tetanus and rupture has been popularized in China.

4 can also be prevented by drug. After close contact with patients, you can take erythromycin or compound Xinnuoming or take it for 7 to 10 days to prevent it. It is mainly recommended to prevent after exposure for children and relatives/close contacts of patients with high-risk complications (no immunity or partial immunity).

This article was first published: Hunan Children's Hospital

Original title: I cough continuously at night, and this infectious disease has increased significantly and is easy to "misdiagnose"!

Author of this article: Chief physician of the Department of Infectious Diseases in Hunan Children's Hospital Liu Jing

Editor: Li Xiaorong

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