Zhurong's advanced culture creates the myth of "Jedi Tiantong" - Dongyi Shaohao's Sun God comes from the Chongqing Tribe Pictures from the Internet Myths and legends are a literary style created by ancient Chinese people in their labor life and passed down by word of mouth among

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2025-04-18

Zhurong's advanced culture creates the myth of "Jedi Tiantong"

- Dongyi Shaohao's Sun God comes from the Chongqing Li tribe

Pictures from the Internet

Myths and legends are a literary style created by ancient Chinese people in their long-term social practice, and they were passed down by word of mouth among the people. An explanation of the various aspects of the world, the universe, the origin of human beings, etc. through fantasy. Many people copy "Records of the Grand Historian" which started with Huangdi, but it is like "Records of the Grand Historian". "The Family of Chu": "Gaoyang is the grandson of Huangdi and the son of Changyi. Gao Yang was born, and was named Shengli, and Volume Chapter was born. Chongli was the emperor, Gao Xin was in Huozheng, and he had great achievements and could glorify the world. Emperor Ku ordered Zhurong. Gonggong family was in chaos, and Emperor Ku sent Chongqing to punish him but it was not complete. The emperor then killed Chongli on Gengyin day, and appointed his younger brother Wu Hui as the descendant of Chongqing Li, and resided in Huozheng, and Zhurong. Wu Hui was born in Lu Zhong. Lu had six sons in his lifetime, and he was born in his section. There is one of them: Kunwu; 2: Shenhu; 3: Pengzu; 3: Huiren; 5: Cao surname; 6: Ji Lian, Xiu surname, which is the descendant of Chu. Kunwu clan was once a Hou Bo in Xia, and Tang destroyed it during Jie. Pengzu clan was once a Hou Bo in Yin, and the last days of Yin destroyed Pengzu clan in the last days of Yin. Ji Liansheng attached to Ju, and attached to Jusheng's acupoint Xiong. Later, the middle was small, either in China or in barbarians, and could not record its world.", "Lüshi Chunqiu·Mengxia": "The god Zhurong." Gao Yu's note: " Zhurong, the descendant of Zhuanxu, the son of Lao Tong, Wu Hui, was the fire commander of Gao Xin's family and died as the god of fire officials. "

Since then, Zhurong, who had been earlier than Fuxi before Fuxi, only appeared during the Emperor's period? Chongli appeared during the Fuxi period and became the grandson of Huangdi? The Dong tribe became even later, and became the residence of the eight surnames of Zhurong, Shen Hu? Even Fuxi and Nuwa became Huangdi? Where is the Yan Emperor? Not before Huangdi? How to remove the dross and study it is my starting point.

"Shan Hai Jing·The West Classic of Great Wilderness": "In the Great Wilderness, there is a mountain called Sun and Moon Mountain, which is the Tianshu. Wu Wu's heaven gate, where the sun and moon enter. There is a god, the face has no arms, and the two feet belong to the head, which is called Shu. Zhuanxu gave birth to Lao Tong, and Lao Tong gave birth to Chong and Li. The emperor ordered him to offer up to heaven and ordered Li Qiong to go down to the ground; the land was choked, and he was at the western extreme, so he was traveling the sun, moon and stars";

"Mandarin·Chu Yuxia": "King Zhao asked Guanzhe's father, "Why is it that the so-called "Zhou Shu" means that the world is not connected to the world? If it were not true, would the people reach the sky? ” He replied, “It’s not what it means. The ancients did not mix people's gods. The people's essence does not carry the two, but can be in harmony and integrity. Their intelligence is compared with the meaning of the upper and lower levels. The holy can be bright and bright, the bright and bright can be illuminated, and the cleverness can be heard thoroughly. If this is the case, the wise god will be descended to it. In the male, the witch is called the wise and the female is called the witch. In the position of the gods, the position of the second master, and the time of the sage. Then, the sage and the latter are bright and strong, and can know the name of the mountains and rivers, the lord of the Emperor of the Emperor, the affairs of the ancestral temple, the world of the wise and the world of the priest, the diligence of the ritual, the proper etiquette, the principle of majesty, the principle of appearance, the quality of loyalty and trust, and the purity of the sage, and the people who respect the gods will be honored. After the name and surname, the birth of the four seasons, the sacrifice of the things, the jade and silk, the appropriateness of the picking and clothing, the quantity of the Yi vessels, the degree of the second master, the position of the screen, the place of the altar, the gods above and below, and the origin of the surname, and the heart rate of the old scriptures is the sect. Therefore, there are officials of heaven and earth gods, which are called five senses, each in their own order, and they do not cause chaos. Therefore, the people can be loyal and trustworthy, and the gods can be able to have virtue, and the people are spiritual and strange, and they are respectful but not traitorous. Therefore, the gods bring good fortune and good fortune, and the people enjoy things, and the disasters will not come, and they will not be scarce when seeking use. When Shaohao declined, the Nine Lis had chaotic virtues, and the people's gods were mixed, and things were incomparable. The wife was a witch's wife, and the family was a witch's historian... Zhuanxu received it, and then ordered Nanzheng Chongshi to be the god to be the god, and ordered Huo Zheng Li to be the land to be the people to be the people ";

"Shangshu·Lu Xing": "If there were any training in ancient times. Chiyou started to cause rebellion, which extended to the common people, and never attacked the thieves and treacherous people, and treacherous people were robbed and pious. The Miao people did not use spirits and punished them, but only committed the five punishments of abuse, and killed innocent people. Then the erotic order is to be slander, ears, and tattoos, and the punishment is controlled by both the selves, and there is no difference. The people gradually rejuvenated, and the sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred Only by abusing the mighty and killing the people will he be innocent. God oversees the people, and there is no fragrance, but the virtuous punishment is only fishy when it comes to hearing it. The emperor mourned the common people and killed them without any innocence, repaid them with power, and curbed the Miao people, and had no world left behind.However, his fate is heavy and his life is connected, and he will never be demoted. ”

"Huainanzi·Topographic Training" : "The hill in Kunlun may be doubled, so that it is called a mountain with cool breeze, climbing it without dying. Or double it is called hanging on the garden, climbing it will make you feel spiritual and can cause wind and rain. Or it is doubled, and it is to protect the heavens, and ascend to it is a god, which is called the residence of the Emperor of Heaven. ”

"Huainanzi": "Kunlun County is a place of peace and death, and it is connected to the sky. He said that he was the residence of Emperor Shun in the morning, and at night he arrived above the county garden, received the Taoist saint king, and climbed the mountain of the gods. ”

"Shangshu·Lu Xing": "I ordered Chongli to be connected to the heavens and heavens, but there was no downgrade. "; "Shangshu. Biography of Kong's Family": "The reign is Xi, and Li is He. Yao ordered Xihe to take charge of the four seasons of heaven and earth, so that people and gods could not disturb each other, and each got their own order. This is called the divine world and heaven. It means that the gods of heaven have no descended to the earth, and the earth does not reach the sky, and the light has nothing to do with it. ”

Because the mountains are towering into the clouds and the mountains are connected to the sky, both periods say that Zhurong and Chongli have the ability to "Jedi and Heavenly Connect", and people can communicate with heaven and earth. Once in Zhuanxu, they can go to heaven and earth. Once in Emperor Yao, Emperor Yao pity the innocent and suffering people, so he accepted the order of "God", deprives the throne of the Sanmiao king, and makes the "low country" , and makes Chong and Li cut off the communication between heaven and earth, curb the passage between Jedi and heaven, and removes the ladder of Kunlun Mountain where people could have ascended to heaven freely; Hercules Chong and Li respond to the order, and have enough strength, one or two Holding the sky with one palm, pressing the ground with one palm, shouting, and exerting force together, holding the sky to lift it up, pressing down desperately, the sky gradually rises, the earth gradually sinks, and the sky, which is not far away, became like this now, far away and out of reach, mountains and big trees can no longer play the role of a ladder. From then on, the sky and the earth are dedicated to managing the sky, and the earth is dedicated to managing the earth. The information revealed from the history of "Jedi Tiantong" is: Before Huangdi, during the period of Fuxi and Shennong, everyone could communicate with the heaven and earth, and everyone enjoyed the freedom to communicate with the heaven and earth.

Zhurong's original name was Li, and his real name was Chongli. Zhurong's Shuren was one of the three emperors. Zhurong was the emperor of ancient mythology. He was transformed by fire and was called Chidi. Later he was honored as the God of Fire, the God of Water and Fire, and the God of South China Sea. Zhurong's chief Shuren was an ancient clan. He was the first to invent the drilling of wood to make fire and first to create a market. "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Gong's 29th Year" says: "Fire is Zhurong". Fire is the official in charge of fire. Zhurong, the god of fire in mythology, had gradually evolved into the official position of the fire by the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The book "Han Shu·Five Elements" says: "The ancient fire was called fire official, which was in charge of sacrifice to Mars and conducting fire administration. ". In ancient Chinese legends, phoenixes are regarded as divine birds, and they are the king of birds. The male is called "phoenixes", and the female is called "phoenixes". "Shuowen" records: "Phoenixes are divine birds. The old man said: The image of a phoenix is in front of a horse, behind a scale, snake's neck, fish tail, stork's throat, mandarin thoughts, dragon text, fish back, swallow's chin, chicken beak, five colors are ready. "The Chu people in the Warring States Period also said: "The Phoenix is the bird of quail fire, and the essence of the sun. ", Zhu Rong, the ancestor of the Chu people, was the God of Fire and Thunder. The "White Tiger Tong" of the Han Dynasty said that Zhu Rong "is the essence of the bird, and Li is the phoenix. "The note of "Bian Crow. Crimson Bird" says: "The phoenix belongs to it." It can be seen that Zhurong is also the incarnation of the phoenix. The large number of patterns of human-headed snake bodies and human-headed bird bodies in the Chu culture remains show that it was the ancestors of the Chu State who experienced the worship of birds with the "construction of human hearts", which opened the beginning of the cultural origin of "dragon and phoenix present auspiciousness" in our legendary culture. Why was Zhurong able to "fall to the sky and the earth"? After that, only Zhurong could reach the sky? "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·The West Classic of Great Wilderness": "The emperor ordered to present to heaven and to let Li Qiong go to the ground. "Guo's note: "The original character "Shí" (the upper part of the original character "shí" is added to heaven) and Li is down to earth. Xian and Qiong are not detailed. ". The words lift up the sky, Li suppresses the earth, separates the heaven and earth. Chong is the Eastern Sun God, whose duty is to escort the sun from the Fusang tree to the sky, and its movement is vertical ascent; Li is the Western Sun God, whose duty is to welcome the sun from Ruo Wood (or thin willow) to dive into the ground, and its movement is vertical ascent. The so-called "Jedi Tiantong" of Chongqing Li is actually a transformation of the myth of the East and West Sun God in Chongqing. Up and down movement is also a way for humans and gods to transform. Heavy upward and upward, so belongs to the gods, and Li goes downward, so belongs to the people....Many historians give different explanations.

I think the extended meaning of Zhurong’s “Jedi Heavenly Pass” is a metaphor for Zhurong’s tribe: it has vast supernatural powers, knows astronomy, geography, knowledge of agriculture, medicine, breeding, smelting, music, etc., is well-versed in ancient and modern times, masters the four seasons, sacrifices and divination, and can reach the heavenly court and communicate with the sky, go to the underworld, communicate with ghosts, and move between heaven and earth and man. It originates from observing the movement of celestial bodies, astronomical and agricultural arrangements. He is mainly good at observing the fine measurement and calculation of celestial bodies' movements, positions, periods, years, months and days, astronomical predictions, etc.; Li is good at formulating the lunar calendar in combination with seasons. (See the fifth part of this article for details "The 'Jedi Tiantong' of Zhurong Tribe'")

1, the advanced culture of Zhurong Tribe

1.1, from managing fire to observing astronomical

The Zhurong clan is an ancient clan. Zhurong taught humans to use fire. "Zuo Zhuan·Zhaogong's 18th year": "Bingzi, wind. Zishen said: 'This is called merging wind, the beginning of fire.'" Du Yu's note: "Northeast is called merging wind. Merging wind is wood. Wood is fire mother, so it is called the beginning of fire." ; Luo Bi said in Volume 8 of "Lu History·Premier Chronicles": "Zhu Song, the first name is Zhu He, is Zhu Rong's family... and is called the name Chidi, so the fire officials in later generations think it is called it." Zhu Rong invented "Strike stones to make fire"; On October 27, 2009, a broken block of the front of the Homo sapiens cave in Mulan Mountain, Jiangzhou District, Chongzuo, Guangxi, and a large number of animal fossils were found. According to preliminary observations by paleoanthropologists, this mandible is about 111,000 years old and is a witness to an important link in the evolutionary history of modern people. Qiu Zhanxiang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wu Xinzhi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and paleoanthropologists from the United States, Russia, Canada, Poland, Japan, South Africa and other countries and our country witnessed this important moment together. At the same time, Homo sapiens Cave Discovery was selected as the "Top Ten Progress in Chinese Science in 2010". It proves that the time when early modern people appeared in East Asia or the origin of modern people in East Asia can be traced back at least 100,000 years ago. Homo sapiens migrated along the north to Hunan and Hubei, and discovered human teeth fossils with modern human characteristics 90,000 to 100,000 years ago in Huanglong Cave, Yunxi County, Hubei Province. The age and transitional morphological characteristics of human fossils in Homo sapiens and Huanglong Cave provide new evidence for the hypothesis that modern people in East Asia mainly originated from ancient humans in the local area. 50,000 years ago, "White Lotus Cave People in Liuzhou, Guangxi" already knew how to sew clothes and use fire and cooked food to form the white lotus Cave culture. The pottery fragments unearthed from Yuchanyan, Hunan are about 14,000 to 21,000 years ago; the Guilin Dayan site, located on the northern foot of Xiayanmen Mountain, Lingui County, Guilin City, was first investigated in 1999. A batch of original pottery dating back to 12,000 years ago was discovered. It is one of the origins of the centers of prehistoric pottery in China. 72 cave sites like the Dayan Ruins have been discovered in Guilin, and are one of the most abundant and concentrated cities in China.

People admire Zhurong very much, but the water god Gonggong could not see it. "Records of the Grand Historian: The Book of the Three Emperors" records: "The princes had Gonggong, and he was appointed as the powerful and domineering but not the king; he used water to ride on wood, so he fought with Zhurong. He was angry when he was unable to win, and his head fell into the mountains, the pillars of the sky broke, and the earth was in short supply." In this battle, "the sky tilted northwest and the earth was sinking southeast". From then on, the sun rose and set in the east, and the river flowed east. Nuwa couldn't bear to see the suffering of the people in the world, so she refined stones to repair the sky, and the disaster gradually disappeared. "Huainanzi: Astronomy" confuses the Battle of Zhurong Gonggong during the Nuwa period with the Zhuanxu period: "The sky receives the sun, moon and stars, and the earth receives the dust and dust. In the past, Gonggong fought with Zhuanxu to be the emperor, and was angry and touched the mountain of Buzhou. The pillar of the sky was broken, and the earth was clear. The sky was tilted northwest, so the sun, moon and stars moved; the earth was not as close as the southeast, so the water and dust returned to it."

This was the beginning of the first time that humans distinguished the east and west directions (the sun rose east and set west). It was not until the Fuxi period that "Four symbols produce eight trigrams" appeared, that is, eight directions. "The ancients believed that Wuji gave birth to Taiji, Taiji gave birth to two yin and two yin gave birth to four images, four yin gave birth to eight trigrams, and eight trigrams gave birth to sixty-four hexagrams"; "Cangjie created characters from the teachings of Zhurong Tribe": "The Zhurong Tribe was the earliest tribe to manage fire, and observed astronomy, becoming the sun god.Chonghe Xili during the Fuxi period was actually Chongli, and it was the main force of the Zhurong tribe as the Fuxi Nuwa tribe. ”. Since Zhurong was earlier than Fuxi, Zhurong first discovered the east-west direction, and then divided the sixty-four hexagrams. This is the result of Zhurong's long-term observation of astronomy. Sima Zhen's "Book of the Three Emperors" records: "Shennong, the surname Jiang, was named King of Fire De. The mother said to be Nu Deng. The daughter of Nu Wa was born with a dragon and grew up in Jiangshui. She was called Lishan and also called Lishan. According to the "Mencius: King Hui of Liang": "Shennong, the daughter of Nu Deng was An Deng, and was the concubine of Shaodian, and was born with an emperor with a dragon and was born with a dragon. He inherited the origin of Kuo Xizhi (Fuxi abdicated and Shennong) as King of Fire De. "Therefore, it is said: "Yan Emperor". The wood is used as a hut, and the water is used as a hut. The benefits of the hut are used to teach the world, so it is called "Shennong". It proves that Yan Emperor was later than the period of Fuxi and Nuwa, and later than the time when the Zhurong tribe was formed. It must be earlier than the period of Shaohao. Sima Zhen's "Book of the Three Emperors" records: "Taihao Fuxi, the sun and moon are bright, the dragon and hippo are drawn to the gods and their responses, and the secrets of yin and yang are leaked, and the eight tribes are first, and the stems and branches are matched to form Jiazi. The marriage was developed by the original surname, and the wedding was at the beginning of the wedding. The ropes of the generations were knotted (referring to the ropes of the Suiren family to record events, which were the generations. The four traditions of the Suiren family Wuhuai, Ge Tian, Nuwa and Fuxi, inherited the foundation), and emphasized human relations in order to be rituals and Taoism, and was the throne of the twenty-five Xuanshen, and the Dragon Master Registered Official. He started to cook and advocated six beasts, and was the last emperor. The ministers of Zhu Xiang divided the principles below. Alas, this is why the heaven is the prosperity of Emperor Yan. "Prove that Shaohao migrated after the Fuxi period of "Taihao Fuxi". In this way, Jiuli originated from Zhurong's Chongqing Li.

1.2, the culture of Zhurong's Chongqing Li tribe

Fire brings light to people. In fact, in ancient times, when making fire, you will find hope: humans drive away other animals, protect themselves, and need fire; from cooked food, they found decoctions and medicines to treat diseases; after burning plants and trees, new plants and trees flourish again, and rice seeds and farming were discovered; bringing new civilizations and promoting social progress; from the rise and fall of the sun and the moon, the shadow of the sun discovers the connection between time, recognizes the direction, and then forms astronomical, forming astronomical observations, and guiding agriculture.

Creative text : Observing astronomy, produces records of text and history (see 4 pottery documents unearthed 6,300 years ago in Lingyang River, Ju County, Shandong Province in 1959; Carbon 14 was also measured at the clam shell of the Xishuipo site in Puyang in 1987, and corrected by tree wheels. The date is 6,460+-135 years ago. Three groups of clam maps were found, and the clam sculptures surrounded by the Tianji star were respectively represented by the seven stars of Tianshu, Tianxuan, Tianji, Tianquan, Kaiyang, and Yaoguang among the Beidou stars at that time. The three pictures below the tomb map are respectively different from the present. The Big Dipper Seven Stars map 107,300 years ago, 133,300 years ago, and 159,300 years ago should be the earliest text for Chongqing Li to observe astronomy. The characters are as shown in the picture and the characters are pictographic. It proves that when the Zhurong tribe migrated, it was accompanied by the culture accumulated by its ancestors. It is said that during the Suiren period, it was knotted to record things, and the earliest text, mathematics, was started),

Mathematical calculation : The so-called "dian" refers to observing the sun, calculating days, etc. When observing astronomy, you can know that the numbers change infinitely from the clever numbers in the Heshu Luo diagram. You know the arrangement of numbers. The "Book of Changes" says: "The Yi has Tai Chi to give birth to two yin, two yin produce four images, and four yin produce eight trigrams." Tai Chi refers to the universe, two yin is the heaven and earth, and the two symbols of "联" are arranged by the arrangement of two symbols. "―" is called "yin yin", "―" is called "yang yang", and these two yins are collectively called "liang yin". The four yins are spring, summer, autumn and winter. If each hexagram is taken two at a time, Four arrangements will be obtained, called "Four Symbols"; the four seasons will reflect the annual operational law of the sun, moon, and earth. It also reflects the yin and yang movement laws of the southern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere will be opposite to the day and night. Lao Tzu said that Tao gives birth to one, one gives birth to two, two gives birth to three, and three gives birth to all things. All things carry yin and embrace yang, and the qi is harmonious. If three take each time, eight arrangements will be obtained, called "Eight Trigrams"; if six take each time, then 64 arrangements will be obtained, called "64 Trigrams". The precise calculations including the later "Old Calendar", "Month Calendar" and "Zhuanxu Calendar" are empirical.

Making pottery : The Yuchanyan site located in the border areas of Hunan, Guangxi and Guangdong. As early as 30,000 years ago, the site was 22,500 to 18,500 years ago. The pottery pieces unearthed in Yuchanyan are about 14,000 to 21,000 years ago. The pottery unearthed from the Wannian Xianren Cave in Jiangxi are both the earliest known pottery products in China.

Metal Smelting : During the period of Emperor Yan Shennong, Zhurong Changqin migrated. As the leader of the Zhurong Tribal Alliance, Chiyou led the Chong Tribe and the Jiuli Tribe Alliance, and was active in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Huangshi copper resources are rich, especially in the area of the ancient mining and smelting site of Tonglu Mountain, where there are hardware minerals. People burn forests with fire or cause forest burning due to lightning strikes. Some exposed metal ores were melted into hard blocks by fire. Later, the Chiyou Jiuli tribe processed them into primitive metal tools. Chi You led 81 brothers to raise troops to fight fiercely with Huangdi Zhuolu. In pre-Qin documents, there are many records about Chiyou's "metallurgical war" (called "jin" in ancient times, which actually refers to copper). Before Chiyou used copper to make weapons and production and living tools, the Huangdi and Yandi tribes still used stone or wood as tools, so the Chongqing-Li tribe alliance led by Chiyou was the founder of metal tools. From then on, mankind began to enter the era of using metal tools.

Agricultural Management : Zhurong Chongqing Li pioneered rice cultivation, stone mills, stone pestles and other rice hulling tools 10,000 years ago in the Long'an site in Guangxi; the Yuchanyan site in Dao County, Hunan is 22,500 to 18,500 years ago, and several ancient cultivated rice grains proved to be 12,000 years ago were unearthed, which is the earliest artificially cultivated rice found in the world. Later, the expert group of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage found that the rice husk has been around 18,000 to 22,000 years.

Medical Culture : Yan Emperor Shennong, Yan Emperor is also the Chi Emperor. Chi Emperor was the leader of Zhurong tribe and the leader of various tribe alliances, and founded medicine. "Huainanzi." "In ancient times, people ate grass and drank trees, picked the flesh of trees, and ate the meat of mussels. There were many diseases and poisons, so Shennong began to teach the people to plant grains, which were suitable for the land... Taste the taste of hundreds of herbs and the sweetness and bitterness of water springs, so that they could avoid them. At this time, they encountered seventy poisons in one day"; "Shennong Bencao Jing": "Shennong tasted hundreds of herbs, and encountered seventy poisons a day, and got tea and relieved them." "The Book of the Five Emperors": "He whip verbena, and he started to taste hundreds of herbs, and then he started to have medicine"; "Su Shen Ji": "Shennong used He whip whip whip 100 herbs, and knew its calm, poisonous, cold, and warm nature, and the odor was dominated by the odor, so the world was called Shennong." Zhurong asked Qi Bo: Heat and fire are both fever symptoms, so why are the six qi divided into two? Qi Bo said: Heat diseases occur in summer, and fire diseases occur in all four seasons, so they are divided into two. Zhurong asked: Although fire diseases occur in all four seasons, they are mostly caused in summer. The heat accumulates in summer and occurs in four seasons. It is better to cover it with summer. Qi Bo said: Fire does not only form in summer, but can be formed in the four seasons. Fire should be stored but not released. Fire is fire in summer, fire is used to lead fire. Although there is no fire to be released in the four seasons, fire is accumulated in the internal organs and can be spontaneous. Its fierce momentum is more lateral than that of external fire. How can we talk about heat instead of fire? Zhurong said: Fire cannot be emitted, but if it is emitted, it cannot be saved. Is it different from the heat and heat? Qi Bo said: Summer and heat are the same but are actually different. However, the fire in summer cannot be discussed together with the fire in spring, autumn and winter. However, the difference is that the summer heat cannot be combined with the summer fire. Fire disease is the heat generated by the internal organs, and it is not the fire caused by the heat of summer. Therefore, fire symptoms are born in summer, but it is still a fire symptoms. It cannot be said that fire is heat or heat is fire. Zhurong said: Summer fire is not one, it is appropriate to divide two qi. Livestock breeding : If during the Fuxi period, were the hunted animals locked up or the domestication stage, then after the Huangdi period, the division of labor was clearly defined, and Dong's father was the Huanlong clan, so he could enter the livestock breeding stage. "The Good Records of Jiuzhou" says: "Dong's father likes dragons, and Shun sent Huanlong to Taoqiu to be the Huanlong clan." "The History of Lu·Houji" says: "The descendants of Huanlong clan, and the sound of the Long clan was almost changed." "The History of Lu·Houji" says: "Yao had nine sons, and the one who had conferred Liu was Liu's clan, and his name was also called Liu's clan. Later, Liu Lei also wrote a poem. He served Kong Jia, and gave it to him as Yulong clan. After Dong, he knew that Liu Lei was the Huanlong clan before and Guanlong clan was Guanlong clan. After Liu Xi moved to Lu County, he was not named Huanlong, but the clan was called Yulong."

Urban Management : "Lüshi Chunqiu Tongquan·Shenfenlan·Wugong": "Hu Cao made clothes, Yi Yi made bows, Zhurong made city, Yi Di made wine."

Music Culture : According to legend, Zhurong was also a musician. He often played melodious Zhurong Peak listening on the mountains, touching music, which made the people excited, have high emotions, and are full of love for life. Of course, during the Zhurong Peak period, after Huangdi, it was actually before Huangdi. "Shan Hai Jing. The West Classic of Great Wilderness": "There is a country of Northern Di. The grandson of Huangdi was called Shijun, and Shijun was born in Northern Di. There is Mangshan. There is Guishan. There is Guanshan, and there is someone on it, called Prince Changqin. Zhuanxu gave birth to Lao Tong, Lao Tong gave birth to Zhurong, and Zhurong gave birth to Prince Changqin. It was located in Guanshan and started to have fun. ", Zhurong existed before Fuxi, and later generations listed the tribes from Huangdi. Prince Zhurong Changqin became the founder of music. Similarly, "The Classic of Hai Nei": "Boling, the grandson of Yan Emperor, Boling and Wu Quan's wife, A-niao, were born for three years, and were born in Gu, Yan and Zhu. It is the Marquis, and the drum and Yan are the bells, and the joy of the wind. ”, listed Lefeng as the grandson of Yan Emperor. In fact, Yan Emperor was earlier than the Huang Emperor period. Since, by the Huang Emperor period, descendants of the tribes were named his son.

Sacrifice culture : "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·Overseas South Classic" says: "The Zhurong in the south is a beast, a human face, and a two dragon. "It can be seen that he is not a "perfect person", Guo Ya's annotation of "the God of Fire". "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Gong's Twenty-ninth Year" says: "Huo Zheng is Zhurong", Fire Zheng is the official in charge of fire. The mythical Fire God Zhurong has gradually evolved into the official position of Sihuo by the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The book "Han Shu·Five Elements Records" says: "The ancient fire was called fire official, which was in charge of sacrifice to Mars and conducting fire administration. ”, the so-called "palm sacrifice" is sacrifice.

Create witchcraft culture : witch source and astronomical observation, originating from sacrifice. Zhurong: animal head and human body, two fire snakes on both ears, two fire dragons on both feet, and red scales on the whole body, the ancestor of fire of the south. During the Yellow Emperor period, the twelve ancestor witches were named, which became the twelve surnames mentioned by later generations.

Other cultures are not listed one by one.

1.3, Zhurong sacrifices and observes astronomy, cultivates the historian from the record and records

The god of the South China Sea is called Zhurong, and there are also historical books to call it Zhuchi, which is the abbreviation of Zhurong and Emperor Chi. In fact, Zhurong and Emperor Chi are the same person. Zhurong was originally the God of Fire. "Lüshi Chunqiu Tongquan·Shenfenlan·Wugong" records: Zhurong, the name of the god. The fire official during the Emperor Ku was respected as the God of Fire and was destined to be Zhurong. Ji, Dong, Peng, Tu, Jing, Cao, Zhen, Mi, etc., historical books are called "Zhurong Eight Clans".

1.3.1, Donghu Historian : Zhurong tribe was the earliest tribe to manage fire, and observed astronomy, becoming the sun god. I discussed the Dong tribe as the earliest tribe in the study of Tong, Chongqing and Zhurong tribe from the totem of the Dong surname" and other articles. It is said that it was the left historian of Huangdi in the late primitive society of China. , Cangjie is the Left Historian. Jusong (a different character of Zhurong) is the Right Historian . In my article "The Understanding of Geographical Directions of Ancient Humans", I once again explained and demonstrated: "During the Emperor Shun period, when he entered the Gi family stage, the family was unique to male officials, and the surname was the common people. Due to the chaos of surnames, the surnames were the same only after the Warring States Period. Dong Hu was the first to recognize the chaos of marriage brought to the tribe by the chaos of surnames, so he took the lead in Jin State. The original Dong family was concentrated in residence, and the first to change it to the Dong family. ". Restore the original matriarch.

1.3.2, History of the Western Zhou Dynasty : See me "The Teaching of Cangjie's Creation of Characters from Zhurong Tribe". Cangjie, whose original surname was Hougang, was named Jie, commonly known as Cangjie's ancestor, and his name was Shihuangshi, and historian during the Huangdi period. Cangjie tribe was before Huangdi, among the many Cangjie and relics, including Baishui, Shaanxi, Nanle, Henan, and Yucheng, Yucheng. , Kaifeng, Yangwu, Henan, and Luoning. These ranges are also in the Zhurong tribe that was earlier than Cangjie. Whether it was Baishui, Shaanxi or Nanle, Henan, its birthplace was closest to the Zhurong tribe. Taishi Shiyi, in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, served as Taishi in the Zhou Dynasty all his life, and his descendants took the official name as their clan. During the Spring and Autumn Period, most of the historians of the countries took the official name as their clan.

1.3.3, the Cheng surname served as the astronomical historian after Chongli : Cheng family was a descendant of Chong and Li. There were Chong and Li in Zhuanxu period, and Bo Yi in Shun and Yu periods. At the same time, the Cheng family's De family was in the Western Zhou Dynasty.During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, Cheng Boxiu, the descendant of Chongqing Li, entered the court as the Grand Sima. Later, for his contribution to capturing Xu Fang (now Xue Ancient City in the southeast of Teng County, Shandong), he was granted the title of Chengyi (now east of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, and some people say it is in the east of Luoyang City). Some of his descendants took the land as their surname and called the Cheng surname. "Guanyu" 18 volumes of "Chu Yu" record Guanzhefu said to King Zhao of Chu: "When the decline of Wu, Jiuli was in chaos, and Zhuanxu received it, and ordered Nanzheng Chongshi to be the heaven to belong to the gods, and Huo Zheng Li to be the earth to belong to the people. ... Yao restored the descendants of Chong and Li, and did not forget the old ones, and sent them to replicate them, so that they could go to Xia and Shang. Therefore, Chong and Li were summoned by heaven and earth, and differentiated their masters. It was in Zhou, and Cheng Bolin's father was the descendants of Cheng's father." Si, a famous historian of the Western Han Dynasty, was the famous historian of Si, the Western Han Dynasty. Therefore, Chong and Li were summoned by heaven and earth, and distinguished themselves from their masters. It was in Zhou, and was the descendants of Cheng Bolin's father." In the 130th volume of "Records of the Grand Historian", Ma Qian also said: "In the past, Zhuanxu ordered the Southern Zhengzhong to be the Heaven and the Northern Zhengli to be the Heaven and the Northern Zhengdi to be the Earth. During the Tang and Yu period, Shaozhong and Li were sent to re-examine the Heaven and Earth. As for Xia and Shang, Chong and Li clans were ordered to be the Heaven and Earth. They were behind Zhou and Cheng Bolinfu." The meaning of these two passages is: Zhuanxu ascended the throne after Shao Wu, appointed Chong to be the South Zheng, Guan Tian; Li was the North Zheng, Guan Di. During the Yao and Shun era, the descendants of Chongqing and Li were allowed to continue to serve as official positions in charge of heaven and earth, and continued to the second generation of Xia and Shang . Cheng Boxiu's father in the Zhou Dynasty was the descendant of Chong and Li.

1.3.4, Sima Qian's "Records of the Grand Historian" : "General History·Clan Brief·Teaching Officials" says: "After Chongqing Li, Tang, Yu, Xia and Shang, they were in charge of heaven and earth. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, Cheng Boxiu's father was Sima , defeating Xu Fang, and Xi was appointed as the Sima family. Later generations were either in Wei, Zhao, or Qin." According to legend, Emperor Shaohao began to set up a position of Sima, in charge of military affairs and military taxes, and was called Xia official Sima during the Zhou Dynasty. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, Cheng Boxiu, the descendant of Emperor Zhuanxu, served as Sima. Because he defeated Xu Rong (also known as Xu Fang and Xu Yi), who were distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Huai River, and made great contributions, he gave Sima the surname.

Sima Qian was learned from Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108 BC), he served as the Grand Historian, inherited his father's business and wrote history. He created the first general history of China's biography, "Records of the Grand Historian" (formerly known as "The Book of Taishi Gong").

1.3.5. During the period of Wang Mang, Liu Xin was the astronomical historian

Xihe controlled the rhythm of time, and drove the sun forward from east to west every day. In ancient times, Xihe became the one who formulated the calendar. "Shangshu Yao Dian" says: "I ordered Xihe to be as proud as the sky, and to celebrate the sun, moon, stars, and respectfully teach people the time." He is in charge of the astronomical calendar. According to the Liu surname, "Records of the Grand Historian", Liu Lei lived in the period of Kong Jia in the Xia Dynasty. Because the pattern of "Liu Lei" appeared on his hand when he was born, his family thought it was auspicious, so they took Liu Lei as the name. Liu Lei's ancient city is fifty-five miles south of Luozhou Liushi County (now Yanshi, Henan), and is the old place of Liu Lei. It is said that he lived in when he raised a dragon. Yanshi, Henan, "where he lived when he raised dragons." In his early years, Liu Lei learned from Dongfu of the Huanlong family to learn about Huanlong and the Huanlong family from Huanlong family. Around 1879 BC, during the reign of Emperor Kong Jia of Xia, dragons descended from heaven at Longdanggou, Linying County, Henan Province. Kong Jia sent Liu Lei to raise dragons here. "Huanyu Ji" says: "Now forty miles in Changgexi, there is Huanlong City in Linying County, which is the town of Huanlong. And your dragon is fifty miles southeast of Longxing, and there is Huanlong City, Changyuan southeast of Longcheng, and Lingbao seven miles southwest of Lingbao." It can be seen that he lived in the Dong tribes of the Dong tribe in Yanshi and Linying County, Henan, and originated from the Dong tribe in Zhurong tribe. "The Twenty-ninth Year of Zhaogong" and "Zuo Zhuan" also say: "The Emperor Shun family had a dragon in the world, and the (inside) Xia Kong Jia, disturbed the emperor. The emperor gave him a dragon, and two of the rivers and Han, and each of them had male and female. Kong Jia could not eat it, but did not obtain the Huanlong clan. After the Tao Tang family declined, Liu Lei learned to learn to the Huanlong clan to serve Kong Jia, and could eat it. The Xia Hou praised it and gave it to the surname (class) Yulong, and to change the descendant of the shuiwei. The female dragon died, and the Qiang Zhuang was buried to eat the descendant of the Xia Hou. After the Xia Hou fed it, he asked him to seek it, and was afraid and moved to Lu County, which was the descendant of the Fan family." Since it originated from the Zhurong tribe, Wang Mang changed the astronomical official to Xihe after he took power. Astronomer Liu Xin was appointed as the official position of Xihe, and Liu Xin portrayed Xihe as the mother of the sun and the goddess of the sun.

… Therefore, in ancient times, the Chongqing Li tribe and its descendants were mostly from astronomical observations.

2. The Fire God (Sun God) of the Shaohao tribe of Dongyi comes from Zhurong

2.1. Dong evolved into Dong, Chong, Tong, and Zhang

The "Chu Silk Book" that has been archaeologically described the history of social development. From the perspective of book history, silk books are the oldest version with extremely rich content, including philosophy, law, astronomy and calendar, geography, names and surnames, objects, mathematics, etc. However, for example, if Dong changes, it is necessary to remove the coarseness and extract the essence, and it is necessary to combine it with archaeology. After all, it records a tribe, and the tribe name has existed for a long time.

East, the day is among the trees, Dong, the day is among the trees, surrounded by plants and trees. "Guangyun" notes quote "The Corpse" "Dong Buzi", "Han Feizi·Shuoyi" is written as "Dong Buzhi", and "Dong Buzhi", "Shuowen" is written as "painting, the original character is the upper part of the flower and the lower part of the lower part". It can be seen that Dong is the evolution of Dong (it can be verified from the comprehensive analysis of the Dong character's interpretation and "Dong Bu Zhi"), because Dong is the first to manage fire activities, and the management activities of managing fire have become: Dong Governor and Dong Zheng. Or simply referred to as "zheng". Therefore, the Dong, who is a tribe with the surname Dong, gradually derives the functions of management, protection, supervision and collection, and the meaning of supervision, management, deep hiding, command, presidency, inspection, and ancient and long-lasting. Because of the fire of management, "Dong" has become an ancient and long-lasting meaning. From managing fire to "East": when the sun is broken, the sun is in the wood, from the wood, Guan Pu said, from the sun is in the wood. The original source of fire in humans is related to the sun. "Customs and Common Meanings: Three Emperors": "Fire is the sun." shows that humans understand the relationship and connection between the sun and fire. The earliest direction of human beings to understand is the East. Because they understand the color of fire, the heat of fire and the sun, the yearning and pursuit of light, they worship the sun. The sun is in the east, and the east direction of the sun is the character "Dong" that manages fire. "Dong" is surrounded by trees. In the middle, the sun rises and emits a bright light on the Fusang tree. Zhurong is either the sun god or the fire god. In fact, the fire god is the sun god, "Shan Hai Jing". "The Southern Classic of Overseas": "Zhurong in the south, with a beast in his body and a human face, riding on two dragons." Guo Pu said: "The God of Fire." Zhurong, the character "Zhu" is in the shape of the oracle bone inscription, which is like a person kneeling in front of the god and praying, and its original meaning refers to a male witch, who is the person who presides over the blessing during the sacrifice, and is extended to express a good wish for people and things. "Records of the Grand Historian." Volume 40. "The Emperor's order was Zhurong". [Collected explanation]: Yu Fan said, "Zhu is great; Rong is bright." Wei Zhao said, "Zhu is the beginning." The character "Rong" is a phono-shaped character, which is based on the cal, and insects save voice. Li is an ancient cooker. The original meaning of the word "六" is to increase the cooking energy, which is extended to long-term, bright, open, circulating, obvious, prosperous, harmonious, peaceful, gentle, and warm. The word "Zhurong" means that the person who uses fire next to the cooking utensils and brings hope to people is the person who controls the use of fire. Some Yi Rong are fluorescent fireflies, shining like stars, bright in the dark; blessings are sacrifices, sacrifices of fire, sacrifices of light, sacrifices of heavenly emperor. I think "我" is "beginning", "我" is "the person who controls the use of fire". is more accurate, and the others are extended from the activities.

"Shan Hai Jing·Northern Classic of Great Wilderness": "Beyond the Northwest Sea, north of Chishui, there is Zhangwei Mountain. There is a god. The man faces and snakes and his body is red, his eyes are straight, his tucked into Qu Yuan is dark, his eyes are bright, his eyes are bright, he does not eat or sleep, and the wind and rain are paying homage. This is the nine shades of the candle, which is called the candle dragon." Qu Yuan's "Tianwen": "How can the candle dragon shine if it is not peaceful in the sun?" It was Zhurong who created the use of fire in the room. The word "Zhu" is homophonetic to "Zhu", and the word "Long" is pronounced similar to "Rong". "Zhulong" can be regarded as a homophone for "Zhurong". "Huainanzi." "The extreme of the south is beyond the northern Sun, and runs through the country of Zhuanxu, and to the wilderness of fire and wind in the south. The Red Emperor (Yan Emperor) Zhurong manages 12,000 miles." Zhurong was a kind of witch who was in charge of the application of fire and guaranteed the endless fire in ancient times. He prayed that the cause of human fire would be brighter all year round. Zhang Binglin's "Answer to Tiezheng" records: "China's Chongli Municipal Fire has its own cause and effect on the Fire Sect. The suburbs are sacrificed, and the sun is great for the sky and the Sunday. This is the bright light for fire as the highest god." The suburbs of fire are located in the south, and fire comes from the sun, so there is a saying that the main fire and the Sunday.

Zhurong's advanced culture creates the myth of "Jedi Tiantong"

- Dongyi Shaohao's Sun God comes from the Chongqing Li tribe

Pictures from the Internet

1, the advanced culture of Zhurong Tribe

1.1, from managing fire to observing astronomical

1.2, the culture of Zhurong's Chongqing Li tribe

Urban Management : "Lüshi Chunqiu Tongquan·Shenfenlan·Wugong": "Hu Cao made clothes, Yi Yi made bows, Zhurong made city, Yi Di made wine."

Other cultures are not listed one by one.

1.3, Zhurong sacrifices and observes astronomy, cultivates the historian from the record and records

1.3.5. During the period of Wang Mang, Liu Xin was the astronomical historian

… Therefore, in ancient times, the Chongqing Li tribe and its descendants were mostly from astronomical observations.

2. The Fire God (Sun God) of the Shaohao tribe of Dongyi comes from Zhurong

2.1. Dong evolved into Dong, Chong, Tong, and Zhang

Due to the need of time, observing the sun appeared, which later became an astronomical observation. Dong became the middle "heavy" and the surrounding grass became the "four-game table", and then "heavy", and evolved to "child". Some people are observing the Xuanji disk ("eye") to distinguish the direction with their eyes. It is best if the metal heavy meter appears, then the "sex" appears. There is no need to build a stone to stabilize the heavy meter, but insert it low and remove the bottom of the "child" observatorial heavy meter, which becomes the "chapter", which is the source of the volume.

Dong Bulu was replaced by Zhurong's name. Later, agricultural rice planting was differentiated into Chongqing Li, and the "painting, Dong, Chong, and Child" was common; civilizations were differentiated and migrated. Lead other places into the Homo sapiens, join the tribes, and continuously form new tribes; Chong, He, Li, Xi and other directions or seasons to form a new marriage tribe alliance. Dong mainly relies on the heavy tribe, and has also become the center of new locations during its migration. Puyang, Henan, Zhuchuan, Shanxi and other places have become the concentration of Dong's tribe.

2.2, Dong, Dong, Chong, Tong, and Zhang's Tong

Jia Wenhe's research in "Chongli Myth and its related issues - "Shan Hai Jing" and Mythological Research" pointed out that the phenomenon of "one god and multiple names" in ancient mythology is very common. Although Chong, Li and the elders are called father and son, they are actually the differentiation of one god. He is the Eastern Sun God, Xi, Zhe Dan, Xihe, Tai Zhe, Dongmu, Girl, Donghuang, etc. are all Eastern Sun Gods with different names and reality; Li, Ye, Yi, Shiyi, Qi, and Queen Mother of the West are all Western Sun Gods. ...In the "Three Classics of the West", it is called "Xitong", which values Tong and Li Qi, and the ancient characters are pronounced similarly to the characters. "The Book of Rites: Tan Gongxia": "With his neighbor, Chong Wang Liu yǐ＠① (original name is Zuyou Jiaqi). "Zheng's note: "Everyone should be a child. "The Book of Spring and Autumn" says, "Child Wang Liu. ", "Book of Xibo Kan Li" in Li, "Explanation": "The Great Biography of Shangshu" is written as the elder. "The Records of the Grand Historian: Zhou Benji" is also written as a senior. It can be proved. Chongli is actually the inverse name of the elders. Chong, following the man and Cong Dong (at the beginning or in Shen), and is the name of the god after the personification of Eastern concepts. Shuowen interprets the word " Chong" and says: " Chong, " Chong, is thick, following the Ren, and the east sound." ". "The East has identified with spring, and has a variety of prototype values such as life, birth, and occurrence in addition to the spatial meaning. ” (Note: Ye Shuxian: "Chinese Mythology and Philosophy", page 60, China Social Sciences Press, 1992.) Therefore, the wood god Ju Mang (Chong) has become the god of life again, and Chong and Dong (the traditional character whose original character is the East) are originally the same origin. "'Chong' is the Duke of Zhou in Xinghou, and follows people, and follows dōng＠②, which is just like the person in the square. He is the person who follows the east, and "'East' is the Fusang where the sun bird lives" (Note: Xiao Bing and Ye Shuxian: "Laozi's Cultural Interpretation - Research on Sex and Mythology", page 470, Hubei People's Publishing House, 1994.) The person who is the god of dōng@②. ” (Note: Ding Shan: "A Study of Ancient Chinese Religion and Myths", page 49, Longmen United Bookstore, 1960.) Therefore, Mr. Ding Shan believes that "dōng＠②, and the word "refers to ancient versions" (Note: Ding Shan: "A Study of Ancient Chinese Religion and Myths", page 51, Longmen United Bookstore, 1960.).

"Guangyun" notes quote "dōng＠②" in "Han Feizi·Shuoyi" as "Dong Buzhi", Dong, "Shuowen" but "As a word "@④" as the upper part of the flower", Duan Note: "Ancient children value universal". This is an example of the three characters "Easy to Dong, Chong, and Tong". Because children value the tone and tone, and tone are more important, the three characters are used.

Therefore, Dong, Dong, Chong and Tong are common. It is only Jia Wenhe used the biological father of Chongqing Li as the old boy. In the article "Studying Tong, Chongli and Zhurong Tribes from the Dong surname Totem", I combined the totem and the "peak instrument" of observing astronomy, from the single direction of "echo wind" to the multi-direction of children, and can measure the wind speed, proving that children are after Chong and Tong are common.

2.3, the understanding of the East and the West and the meaning of Chongqing Sun God is the word "sun god" and the sun is set in the morning and evening, so that human ancestors can establish the concepts of the east and the west. Zhurong is the god of fire, that is, the sun god, Chong is the sun god, and Li is the western sun god. The above article discusses the importance of the people, the east (in the beginning or in the Shen), and the god name after the personification of the Eastern concept.And "Shuowen": ", old, old, ." "Records of the Grand Historian: Biography of General Wei's Cavalry" "Chi Ming", Suo Yin: "Li, hei." "Zuo Zhuan·Xuan Twelve": "Qi is ignorant." "Chu Ci·Nine Chapters·Huaisha": "The sun is ignorant and is about to be dusk." Wang's note: "Qi is ignorant." "Shuowen": "Ye (original character is added to the right of the sun), the sky is gloomy." "Xiao Erya·Guanggu"; "Ye is ignorant." It is the same as Li and Mei. And Yi, Shi Yi, Qi, and Li sounds are the same. Li is also related to the West; it shows that Chongqing Li began to appear during the observation of the sun. As time goes by, the changes in the tribe leader leads, and there are many names of one gods. However, the eastern and western sun gods were the main line of understanding the ancient times.

Dong Jianhuo evolved into the Eastern Sun God, the fire was burning, the wind blew, and it evolved into Zhurong. In the morning, the sun rises from the east, and in the night, the sun sets from the west. Human beings first to understand the east and west directions, and with the opposite unity of the east and west directions, yang and yin, ascending and descending, up and down, light and dark, cold and heat, heaven and earth, high and low, big and small, etc., one yin and one yang are called Tao, and they are endless and everything changes day by day. Use the method of "dividing into two" to analyze the essence of things. The changes in "sun" summarize the two seasons of cold and heat, the correspondence between sun and moon, and the needs of life to pay attention to the appearance of sun and moon. He gradually determined the four directions of the east and west, and proposed the concept of "two-part two-way". "Yin and Yang are the way of heaven and earth, the discipline of all things, the parents of change, the beginning of life and death, and the transformation of gods."; mutual transformation can occur between yin and yang, "extreme cold produces heat, extreme heat produces cold, cold air produces turbidity, and hot air produces clear." Later called "Tai Chi produces Liangyi". The "Yin and Yang Theory" reveals the causal relationship in nature, is the earliest simple materialist view, reflecting the philosophical wisdom of the Zhurong tribe, and the unification and struggle between the two sides of the contradictions of things to promote the movement, change and development of things, and the simple dialectical idea contained. "Dual cultures" are opposed to each other, interdependent, and coexist in conflict. This is the dialectics of nature, both attraction and opposition.

The rise and fall of the sun is combined with the life of the primitive tribe. With rice planting, plowing is Li, which belongs to the land to cultivate, and hunting up high mountains is divided into: Chongqing Li is a unity of two different directions, so it can be subdivided into Chongqing and Li. Li and Li ancient characters are connected, "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Erjiu": "Zhuanxu's son said Li lí (the original character is the traditional character of li), which is Zhurong." lí (the original character is the traditional character of li), Li gutong. Hao Yixing said: "Records of the Grand Historian, the Five Emperors' Records, Suoyin quoted Huangfu Mi: 'Huang Emperor sent Yinglong to kill Chiyou in the valley of evil li.' That's it. Li and li ancient characters are all the same."

For time needs, the earliest astronomical observations appear from the shadow of the object illuminated by the sun. Therefore, the above discussion appeared: Chong is the Eastern Sun God, whose duty is to escort the sun from the Fusang tree to the sky, and its movement is vertical ascent; Li is the Western Sun God, whose duty is to welcome the sun from Ruomu (or thin willow) to dive into the underground, and its movement is vertical ascent. Use the sunrise direction to determine the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, use the sun to measure the sun shadow to determine the summer solstice and winter solstice...

Then, the old, old, the evening, the sun sets and plows on the ground will naturally be related. See the above text "The sun is ignorant and is about to be ignorant." "The sun is ignorant." " is ignorant and old is ." Li Yinli, is ignorant and the cloud is ignorant, and the cloud is "merged" . Li means Li Zhu. Chongqing Li, recorded as Zhongli, is recorded as "Zhongli" and "Zhongli". The tribal entity represented by the name of Chongqing Li should be the legitimate descendant of Zhurong tribe. The character "Rong" in is pronounced as "Li", and the name of Chongqing Li evolved into "Jiuli". also evolved later: the character "Zhu" is homophonetic to "Zhu", and the pronunciation of "Long" is similar to "Rong". "Zhulong" can be regarded as a homophone for "Zhurong",

A Western god in oracle bone inscriptions and "Shan Hai Jing": Yi (Yi). "The West is called Wei, and Feng is called Yi." ("Collected Oracle Bone Inscriptions" 14294); "Zhen, the emperor called Yi in the West, and Feng is called Wei." ("Combination of Yin Xu's Words" 261), the divine name of "Shan Hai Jing" is different from Yi Yi, but the two characters are all written in the ancient version. "Book of Rites: Mingtang Tai": "Guan Zun, the descendants of Xia used Ji Yi." Zheng's note: "Yi, read as Yi.", "Yi Rong Binfu" "Yi Yuanpi Stele", Yixi is Yixi. "Shan Hai Jing·The Great Wilderness West Classic": "There is a god... called Shu. ...The emperor ordered the emperor to offer his respect to heaven and ordered Li Qiong to go down to the ground. He was in the western extreme. "Shush, Guo's note: "Shish, crying." "Wang Niansun's "sound" was written by Sun Yirang. Sun Yirang said: "Shh should be choking." The following text says, "The lower earth means choking", which means inheriting this article and recording the dynasty. "Master Yuan Ke's note: "This is the shush in the above text. "Looking at this ya" is at the western tip, and the journey of the sun, moon, stars," is also known as the same legendary division as Shi Yi in the "Great Wilderness West Classic" "located in the northwest corner to control the length of the sun, moon," and it is obvious that it is differentiated in the same legend. ya and Xi (accomplished by Wang Niansun) are also the sound of Shi Yi and . ya, suspected to be regarded as (the original character is the right part of the sun), and the shape is caused by the similarity. The above article discusses the synonyms of " ya, Yi, Shi Yi, Qi, Li" pronunciation, and they are both Western sun gods. Then, Li, Li, Li, and Yun are connected to the false, and the yin pronunciation is "merged", which is the same as Yi, Shi Yi, Qi, and Li pronunciation. "Shan Hai Jing·The Three Classics of Xici": "There is another two hundred and ninety miles west of the west (the original character is the left part of the river and the right part of the right part of the river) mountain, Shen Ru Suo lives... This is a mountain, looking west where the sun enters, its qi is the place where the sun enters, and its qi is the place where the sun is controlled. "Hao Yixing's note: "The red light is probably Rushou. "The Three Classics of the West": "Another two hundred miles west, it is called Changliu Mountain. The god Baidi Shaohao lives... In fact, only the palace of Yuanshen (original name is Shiyou and Gui). This is a god, and the main commands the opposite scenery. "Guo's note: "When the sun enters west, the scenery turns to the east, and the chief inspects it. ”. Therefore, the clergy of Hongguang and Yuanshen is consistent with the clergy of Shiyi and Yezhi.

Therefore, the sun gods in the east and west have the same pronunciation and similar writing and the same definitions, and the same definitions appear. From then on, they distinguish between east and west, sky and earth, ascending and descending, representing sun gods in different directions. The titles are either combined or divided.

In the inscriptions, there are only "East Mother" and "Western Mother", and no titles of "Southern Mother" or "Northern Mother" have been found so far, which implies that the earliest concept of spatial orientation of the original citizens was composed of two directions, namely the East and the West. Since human society first entered the matriarchal social period, all the original great gods were female gods without exception. The inverted term for "East Mother", the first is: Analysis (Inscription), Zhedan and Xihe (Shan Hai Jing). 》), Taizhe ("Book of Rites"). One is: the Mother of the East (Inscriptions), the Girl (Silk Book of Chu), Chong ("Shan Hai Jing"), the Donghuang and the Dongjun ("Chu Ci"). The second is: the process of the evolution of the Eastern Sun God from a female god to a male god.

Tomb M45 was discovered at the Xishuipo site in Puyang, Henan in 1987, The Silk Book of Chu briefly describes the birth of Fuxi with four sons Fuxi's four sons: "Zhong, Gai, Li, Xi" (Wang Dayou (2004) explained the four sons as "Zhong, Gai, Xiu, Xi", or "Xi, He, Chong, Li".) . Fuxi's four sons (in fact, it should be the main tribe, not Sheng. Which tomb owner is not Fuxi. But the tribe leader.) Go to four different directions to measure the sky. Then, the "four dimensions" were added to formulate various rules for determining the time and day (calendar). Tomb The southern part of the pit is round and the northern part is square. The head of the tomb is facing south. On the east and west sides of the skeleton, there are dragon and tiger patterns carefully shaped with clam shells. There is no Nangong Zhuque or Beigong Xuanwu. Coincidentally, the lacquer box unearthed from Zeng Houyi's tomb is also painted with only the eastern Canglong and Western White Tigers; Taizhang and Shuhai Geodes were originally from the East to the West. "Shan Hai Jing·Overseas East": "The emperor ordered Shuhai to step from the East to the West to the West. "In "Huainanzi·Topographic Chapter", it became: "Yu sent Taizhang to step from the east pole to the west pole... sent to pass Hai, and from the north pole to the south pole . "It can be seen that the north and south directions are later concepts. In fact, Taizhang and Shuhai should be the sun gods in the east and west. Zhang should be the children, and their shapes are similar to those of the "Lao Tong" in "The Great Wilderness West Classic", "Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Chu" is written as "volume chapter", Qiao Zhou said: "Lao Tong is the volume chapter. "Zhangshan" in "Shanhai Jing·Zhongshan Jing", Guo's note: "Or it is a Tongshan." "; Volume 467 of "Taiping Guangji" "Li Tang" quotes the "Zhanglu" in "Rongmu Lanchao", Volume 56 "Madam Yunhua" quotes the "Children's Law" in "Jixianlu" and can be proved. The characters Tong, Chong, and Donggu are the characters Tong, and the Huhai is also the differentiation of and .Therefore, Taizhang and Huhai steps from the east to the west are actually anthropomorphic statements that the sun moves from east to west.

"Shuhai is also the differentiation of " proves that the differentiation of "ha" comes from "hai", which is "Shuowen": " Hai is pig , the same as pig."

There is "East Mother" in the Chu silk book, which is the eastern sun god; the Chu silk book unearthed from the Changsha bullet warehouse contains records of the "girl" of the ancestor of the Chu people. The divine nature of the Western mother is the same as the Eastern mother, and they are both the sun goddess, but one in the east and the other in the west.

2.4, the changes in Chongqing Li and the common falsehood of Li and Xi

I discussed in "Ancient Humans' Understanding of Geographical Directions": During the period of Fuxi and Nuwa, Fuxi had four sons, Xi, He, Chong and Li. Some say it is heavy, it should be cultivated and motivated. In fact, it is not four sons, it refers to four main tribes. But it is actually Zhurong, a tribe. Why? "Biography" says: "Chun means Xi, Li means He" , which means "Xihe" is the new name of Chongqing Li. Fuxi, also known as Mixi, Bao Xi, and Fu Xi, are also known as Sacrifice Emperor and Huang Xi. Since "chong means Xi, Li means He", it can be seen that Fuxi originated from Chong and was a change in the name of the leader of Chongli. In the Shaohao period, the 29th year of Zhaogong of Zuo Zhuan said: "Shaohao's family had four uncles: Chong, Gai, Xiu, and Xi." The so-called "Four uncles" are actually, the changes in "We should come to Xiu, Xi, Xi and He" and Chongqing Li reflect the level of agricultural, seasonal and astronomical observations in different periods.

The general meaning of the text of the silk book is: " At the beginning of the creation of the world, the heaven and earth were invisible (digging) and the wind and rain were heavy, and Fuxi married Nuwa, the son of ##□, and gave birth to four sons to assist Yu and Qiping the water and soil (Si Du, that is, the official who controls the water and water). At that time, the wind and rain were shaking, floods were flooded (the tearful abyss), the nine states were uneven, and the world was in chaos, and there was no sun or moon. The four sons (Four Gods) established the four to (Four Poles) to support the sky and measure the time by step. Later, they were sorted out by Yan Emperor, Zhurong, Emperor Gong, Gonggong and others, and the journey of the sun and the moon was divided into four seasons, and finally completed the creation work ." The four sons of Fuxi were removed and regarded as the Yu and Qi period, which was understood as: the four major tribes of the Fuxi period "Zhong, Gai, Li, Xi". After many compilation by Yan Emperor, Yan Emperor Zhurong, Di Gu (Jun), Gonggong and others, the later Yu and Qi period, with the assistance of "Zhong, He, Li, and Xi", the improvement of the calendar was finally completed.

2.4.1, Xi, Xi (and)

, if you want to say "Li, Xi", it involves humans capturing animals. Xi: "Guangyun" Xu Jiqi, "Jiyun" and "Yunhui" are in vain and sacrificial. "Shuowen" means Qi. Follow Xi, the sound of righteousness. According to Yishi Ci, it is made into package and sacrificial . The text says: Baoben is also used as a chef, Meng Jing is used as a Fu. is also called Xi, Meng Jing plays. Cook: cooking, cook (the name of the official in Zhou Li. The belonging of the heavenly official, is in charge of food. It refers to the chef); cook (the chief in charge of food); cook (the chef. kitchen worker); cook Yan (the chef and gatekeeper)

Xi, explained according to the character "Li Ding". Understand. from sheep, from "花", from . "Sheep" originally refers to sheep or flock, which is extended to refer to "Sheep follow people" and "Sheep follow people's wishes". "Hege" means that "the crops are arranged neatly like the military phalanx" (see the analysis of similar structural words such as "花" and "花" in this encyclopedia). "And" refers to "experienced storms". "Hege" and "Yu" combine to mean "neatly arranged crops grow in the wind and rain." "Sheep" and "Hege" unite to mean that "cquires in the wind and rain grow according to people's will." Original meaning: Spring and summer Crops grow along with people's will. A reasonable and credible explanation can also be given to the "sacrifice" of "sacrifice". The traditional Chinese word "sacrificial" comes from Niu Congxi, and its original meaning is "a cow with pure fur color". "Xi" means "the crops are as uniform as military formations", and the characteristic of solid-colored cows is that they are uniform in color. The meaning of the character "Sacrifice" is obviously rooted in the character "Xi" contained in the traditional Chinese character "Sacrifice". Sacrifice means animals.

If this definition is difficult to connect with primitive tribal life, then it is related to it. It is concluded that this period has entered the stage of animal domestication. The "Silk Book" briefly describes that Fuxi gave birth to four sons, "Zhong, Jiao, Li and Xi".Fuxi ordered the four sons to go to four different directions to measure the sky, and each proposed his own data to formulate the calendar. It took more than a thousand years to complete the Taichu calendar of the Shangyuan Yuan and promulgate it. Later, when the flood was encountered, the original observation system was destroyed. The Fuxi tribe left the descendants of the Four Sons of Kunlun Mountain to re-correct the already deviated Heavenly Dao Operating System, and established a new observation center with five directions and five elements in the newly relocated area. "Huainanzi·Shi Zexun" records: "The extreme of the east is from Jieshi Mountain, passing through Korea, Taibaigao, and Jumang's management is 1,200 miles." Gao Yu's note: "Taibaigao and Fuxi are the emperor of the Eastern Wood De; Jumang is the Wood God." Fuxi respected the Eastern Emperor among the Five Emperors, and this is his priesthood. Therefore, the names of four directions, four seasons, four tribes, etc. were popular at that time. For example, Zhurong, Fuxi, Nuwa, and Gonggong, are clans that worship nature, both Japanese, moon, water, and fire. The five elements have not yet been formed.

"Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong" says: "Mu Zheng is called Jumang, Fire is called Zhurong, Jin is called Rushou, Water is called Xuanming, and Earth is called Houtu." It can be seen that the five elements are prevalent. "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong": "Shaohao's four uncles, called Chong, Ji, Xi, and Xi. can actually be used as metal, wood and water. Chong is Goomang, Ji is Rushou, and Xi is Xuanming. Zhuanxu's son has a son named Li, and Zhurong. Gonggong's son named Goulong, and is Houtu. These five sons were born as officials of the Five Elements, and after their death, they were given to sacrifice to the gods of the Five Elements." asked: "It is in "Monthly Order" 'The god Houtu', and the note says: 'Zhuxu's son Li was also an official of the Houtu official', Kong Yingda said: 'Goulong was originally Houtu, and later became a god of society. There was a quid in Houtu, and Li was also associated with it', why?" Answered: "Kang Cheng lost it in front of him, and Yingda favored it in the back, which was not the case. According to Zuo Zhuan, it said: 'Goulong was originally Houtu, and later became a god of society. There was a que, and Li was combined with it', why?" The dragon is Houtu, and Houtu is a society. It is a person who is one person who is given two sacrifices, which is not called a transformation into a society god. "The Moon Order" The earth is the god of the five elements, and Goulong is matched with it, which is combined with Zuo Zhuanwen. But Kang Cheng used Li to combine it, which is not a mistake." He asked again, "The Chu Yu said: "Zhuanxu ordered Nanzheng to reign the heaven, and Huo Zheng Li to control the earth." Since Li had once controlled the earth, why can't it be matched with earth?" He replied, "Li's command of the earth and his duties are not due to the earth. If Li can match the earth, then the heavy can also match the heaven and the fire is the fire. Kang Cheng still used the same as the earth. How could he not match the earth? Now, according to Zuo, Goulong is paired with two sacrifices, isn’t it appropriate?” He asked again: “Goumang, Zhurong and others are all the names of the five elements. is the name of Chongli, and they are all human and ghosts. Why is called the same?” He answered: “These five sons can contribute their achievements and give them to others. is similar to ghosts and gods, so they can be called the same. It is also like the emperor’s gods, and the king’s virtues are the same as heaven, so they can also be called the emperor, which is the meaning.”; “The Records of the Collection of Sages and Sages”: “The four uncles of the Right Shaohao are actually able to be metal, wood and water. If Chong is called Goumang, it should be Rushou, and Xun is Xuanming, and he will not lose his duties in the world, so he will help the poor and mulberry. See Cai Moci in Zuo Zhuan. Xi Zhong. Xi Shu. He Zhong. He Shu.”

According to the legend of Tang Yao, Xihe was a family in charge of astronomy, including Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu. "Shangshu·Yao Dian": "Yao ordered the four sons of Xihe (Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu) to go to the east, south, west and north, each in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, to follow the Haotian and respect the people's time." "The Century of Emperors" (Yao) "I ordered the four sons of Xi Zhong, Xi Shu, He Zhong and He Shu to take charge of the four mountains. The princes had Miao family, but were not convinced. Yao conquered him and defeated him in Danshui Pu. He then took Yin Shou and Xu You as his teacher, and ordered Bo Kui to visit the sound of mountains, rivers, valleys and music, and to make six chapters. The world was harmonious and the people had nothing to do."

From the above, we can see that the four major tribes of Zhurong, such as Fuxi, Nuwa, Shaohao, and Emperor Yao, were all used as the center of astronomical observation.

2.4.2, Li, Zhi, Xiu (玉文), , Huan, Dan

Why did you add more Xi (玉) and Xi (玉) from Chong and Li, and have "玉 (玉)"?

"Records of the Grand Historian·Lu Shu": "Hai is the right thing. It means that yang energy is stored below, so it is the right thing." "Shi Name·Shi Tian": " Hai is the core , collecting all things", which is the same as Du's note "Rushou".The ancient version of Hai and Pi is one word. "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Erjiu": "It should be Rushou." Du's note: "The autumn things can be destroyed and can be collected, and the sacrifice should be given." "Shuowen": " Hai is pig , which is the same as pig." Duan's note: "The ancient text of the two seal scripts is actually one word." "Lunheng·Word Strategy": "Hai is pig." "Lu Lan·Cha Chuan" records the stories of "three pigs" that are "Ji Hai", which can all be proved. Pig, Qi, Li, Yi, jade cut and tied to fifteen parts, so the examples are all changed.

he, ancient pronunciation Huan , "Book of Yu Gong" "heyi 's basic record", "Shui Jing·Huan Shui Notes" quotes Zheng Xuan: "He reads it is called Huan." "Shuowen": "Huan is a post-post." Duan's note quotes Ruchun: "The common saying of Chen and Song dynasties is like harmony, but now it is called Hebiao." Huan and Dan rhymes are the same, Duan Yucai is the same in the 14th part, and the examples of the two characters are translated. "Shan Hai Jing·The East Classic of Great Wilderness": "In the Great Wilderness, there is a mountain called Ju Ling in the sky, the East, and the Li Li, where the sun and the moon come out. (There is a god) called Zhe Dan - the east is called Zhe, and the wind is called Jun - the wind is at the east is to go in and out." Some scholars pointed out: "For example, in "Shan Hai Jing·Overseas Nan Jing", "huān-yi (the original character is Huan) Zhu" and "Dan Zhu" are the same person as the same person." The sounds of huān and dan are turned, while the sounds of huān and huan are the same. This can also prove that Huan (he) and dan have a way to turn . It can be seen that Xidan was originally the mother of the Eastern Sun God Xihe . It is located on the easternmost mountain and manages the rise of the sun and the moon. It can be regarded as the replacement and deformation of Xihe managing the sun myth on the Fusang tree.

"Book of Rites·Monthly Order" Zheng Xuan's note: "Rushou, the son of Shaohao (original name was Baiyou Jiagao) was called Ji, and he was a Jin official." Ji, whose first name was Hai, "Chu Ci·Tianwen": "Jiang Ji De." The oracle, "Ancient Bamboo Book Anniversary" and "Shan Hai Jing·Dahuang East Classic" were also called "Wang Hai", which can be proved. Therefore, Rushou and Li are also differentiated by one god. Because the ancient characters of Hai and Pi are the same as those of the ancient ones, the Western gods (beasts) are also sealed pigs in addition to the White Tiger in the West Palace that everyone knows.

means: the (sum) is Hai and Pig. Then, Xi, that is, sheep (combined with "Guoyu·Jin Yu IV"; "Shaodian married Youjiao and gave birth to Huangdi and Yandi. Huangdi was formed by Jishui, and Yandi was formed by Jiang water. He achieved great virtue, so Huangdi was called Ji and Yandi was called Jiang" in the past. "Guoyu·Lu Yu": "Lishan was called Yandi"), of course, it may also be synonyms for cattle and sheep. It proves to be the stage of domestication of animals.

"Huainanzi·Bird Sutra": "Feng Xi (xī).", 号 snakes are harmed by the people", then 号 snakes are 号 snakes. 电州 (pronounced su is black snake or black snake), also with Xiu, You, Di Xiu, Di You, Di You or Di Jing are black snake tribes. In ancient times, "Kan" means tiger , and You Kan's article is also called tiger 1 tiger (sonic speed or fertilization), tiger twig combined, indicating that the snake tribe and the descendants of Nuwa are together, the Nuwa tribe is abbreviated as Nuwa tribe. tribe, black snake, the tribe of Nuwa descendants is the Black Tiger tribe, and the Black Tiger tribe is also called 百 (sound 百). These all come from the word "蒙" and the pronunciation of "Li" (demonstrated in detail below), and Li is also added, which is the origin of the Jiuli tribe. Nine is both a snake and a nine. , therefore also known as Jiuli clan and Jiuli clan. It is related to the name of "Zhujiu" (Zhurong, at this time, the flames that appeared in Zhurong's fire turned into birds and fire phoenixes), and evolved into the name of "Chiyou" and "Zhuanxu" tribe leader . Therefore, Chiyou also became the leader of Zhurong tribe, and the black snake branch of Dongyi people Fang Yangyi and Fengyi. Dongyi also belongs to the differentiation of Zhurong tribe, and merges with subsequent migrations. "Records of the Grand Historian·Book of Qin" says: "The ancestor of Qin, the grandson of Emperor Zhuanxu was called Nu Xiu";

2.4.3, from domestication of meat animals to domestication of fur animals

①, sealed pigs are big pigs: "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Erba": "In the past, a family still gave birth to a daughter, and the original character was black and very beautiful, and can be seen, and it is called Xuan Wife. Le Zheng Hou Kui took it, and he gave birth to , Bo Feng, which actually had pig heart , greed (original character is fast, the left part and right part) is insatiable, and angrily (lèi, the original character is rice, plus string right and page) is insatiable, which is called Feng Pig. "Du's note: "Feng is great." "Then the big seal is the big pig.What big is that?

②, Pig Tiger fight: "Shuowen": "(The original character is the right half of the quin), Dou Xiang attached the picture (holding) is not understood. Pig Tiger fight, and the fighting is not abandoned." That is, the fate of a divine beast Feng Pi is becoming more and more unbearable, and it becomes an evil god shot by Houyi and steamed into meat paste and presented to God (Note: "Chu Ci Tianwen": "Feng Li Jue (the original character is the right part of the king's right acceleration), and Feng Xixi (the original character is the right part of the pig's right gallery). ") It is shooting, how can we offer steamed meat paste, but the emperor is not as good as the emperor. "From the Houyi period, it belongs to the Emperor's period. It is not the early Shaohao period.

③, which means Hai, which means pig: 日xī means pig, "Huainanzi·Benjing Pian": "Fengfeng (xī). ”, , , snakes are all harmful to the people”, high notes: “Father Feng (xī), a big pig, the Chu people called pigs Feng xī.”). In this way, White Tiger has the upper hand and becomes the divine beast of the West Palace. However, the Western autumn god Rushou (, namely Hai, namely Pig ) still has the shape of both a tiger and a pig. "Shan Hai Jing·Overseas West Classic": "In the West, there is a snake on the left ear of , and rides on two dragons." Guo's note: "The god of gold is; the human face, tiger claws, white hair, and holds axe." "Chu Ci·Big Trick": "The soul is in the west, and the quicksand in the west is covered with a scattered sand; pig's head is vertically on the left ear." Wang Yi's note: "This is the shape of the god of ru Shou." It can be proved.

Then, during the Fuxi period, "Zhi, Hai, and Pig", it was not until the Emperor's period that the sage was granted the title of "big", "big", The people of Chu called pig a "pig". On the other hand, treat the turtle as a pig, so the pig is the right one. At the same time, it also shows that during the Emperor's period, fur beasts were popular as human clothes.

According to the simple principle of binary opposition and the mutual generation of yin and yang, then, the corresponding corresponding to Li; the corresponding corresponding to Li later divided into Xi (Xi, He), Xi (Xi, He) and represent the East. "Shui Jing·Huan Shui Notes" quotes Zheng Xuan: "He reads it is Huan." This corresponds to Li's differentiation of the new Western sun gods, domesticating animals and farming: it should be cultivated.

2.5, Zhurong, the changes in "Zhong, Gai, Li, Xi" in Chongli

According to the above article, the pigs and tigers fight each other, belong to the descendants of Shaohao and Zhuanxu. So, is the name of each period accurate?

2.5.1, analyze historical materials, correspond to four seasons or four directions,

①, Fuxi period: The "Silk Book" briefly describes that Fuxi had four sons "Zhong, Gai, Li, and Xi".

②, Shaohao period: "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong" says: "Shaohao's fourth uncle, called Chong, Jia, Xu, and Xi."

③, Zhuanxu period: "Mandarin·Chu Yu II": "When Shaohao declined, the nine li chaotic virtues were mixed with people and gods, and they could not be divided into things. The wife enjoyed it, and the family was a witch's historian... Zhuanxu received it, so he ordered the Nanzheng Chongshi to be the god to be the god, and the Fire Zheng Zheng Li to be the earth to be the people"; in the early days of Zhuanxu period, it was still under the matriarchal clan system, and the intelligence of men was often suppressed. After Zhuanxu conquered Jiuli, he reformed this system. The male and civilians were all called "sons of Zhuanxu" and followed the order of "Bo Zhong Shuji". It can be seen that when he was in power, he had established a political system according to the patriarchal system, but he was still in the stage of getting married. "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of Qin" says: "The ancestors of Qin, the grandson of Emperor Zhuanxu was called Nu Xiu."

④, Emperor Ku period: "Huainanzi" pointed out that Chang'e was Houyi's wife. Houyi's wife, Feng'e, evolved into the legendary Chang'e (also known as Chang'e). Originally called Feng'e, it was renamed Chang'e in order to avoid the taboos of Emperor Wen of Han Liu Heng during the Western Han Dynasty, and was also called Chang'e. Also known as Yang'e. It is said that Chang'e and Dayi set a precedent for monogamy; "Lüshi Chunqiu·Wugong" says "Shangyi is used to occupy the moon", and Bi Yuan, a Qing Dynasty person, said: "Shangyi is Changyi. In ancient times, "Yi" was "What" , and later generations said that Chang'e's despicable words were "Heng'e". There is another view that: "Yeng'e" was originally written as "Heng'e", which is Changxi, which is recorded in "Shan Hai Jing·The West Classic of Great Wilderness". Supplementary notes on "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Astronomy" written by Liu Zhao, Liang State of the Southern Dynasty, quoted "Lingxian" written by Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty: "Yi asked for the medicine of no death to the Queen Mother of the West, and the E of the E stole it to the moon. When he was about to go, he divined it to Youhuang. Youhuang said, "Auspicious." The graceful girl returns home, and she is the only one who is going west. When the sky is dark, she is not shocked or afraid, and she will be prosperous later."The angel then held her body in the moon, which was the toad. "; The Qin Slips of Wang Jiatai in the Qin Dynasty, Guizang, were unearthed in the Qin Tomb No. 15, Wang Jiatai, Jiangling, Hubei Province in March 1993. The hexagram of "Guimei" is: In the past, I (安安) stole the medicine of not dead at the Queen Mother of the West, and took it to (run) the month. I was about to go, and the boy was divined on Youhuang. Youhuang said: "Auspicious." The elegant girl returns home, and she is the only one who travels west. When the sky is dark, do not be shocked or fearful, and then it will be prosperous." I then entrusted myself to the moon, which is a toad; "Huainanzi" in the early Western Han Dynasty (written in 139 BC). It uses the story of Chang'e flying to the moon as an allusion quote: "Yi asked for the elixir of immortality to the Queen Mother of the West, and the Queen E secretly ran to the moon, and was sad and mourned, so she could not continue it. "; Gao Gu of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote in his commentary on "Huainanzi": "Ying'e is Yi's wife." Yi asked for the immortal medicine to the Queen Mother of the West. Before he could take it, Feng E stole it and got the immortals to run into the middle of the moon, which was the essence of the moon. "

can be seen, there are several key points: Yi asked for the immortal medicine to the Queen Mother of the West; "Ying'e" was originally written as "Heng'e", which is Chang Xi, which is recorded in "Shan Hai Jing·The West Classic of Great Wilderness"; Bi Yuan, a Qing Dynasty person, said: "Shang Yi is Chang'e, and in ancient times, it is "What"; is the moon essence.

So, in connection with the above article, Heng, Heng and "Shui Jing·Huan Shui Notes" quoted Zheng Xuan: "He is called Huan." I think: Heng, Heng and Huan are both miswriting writing, but read "He"; during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han, Wen E to Chang'e and Chang Xi, "Lüshi Chunqiu·Wu Gong": "Shang Yi was used to divine the moon", I think: The evolution of Shang Yi and Chang Yi and Chang Yi are synonymous with the same pronunciation. This Changxi should be close to the Queen Mother of the West. Since "Changyi and Changyi" belong to "he", it is a different name for "Queen Mother of the West". In the Western Sun God, when combined with Xi, he becomes the Eastern Sun God. The moon spirit comes from the Western Sun God, and the above is the Beizheng, which observes astronomy in the west. It is the Beizheng, which belongs to the differentiation of the Zhurong tribe.

⑤, Emperor Yao’s reign: "Shangshu·Yao Dian": "Yao ordered the four sons of Xihe (Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong, and Heshu) to go to the east, south, west and north, each in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, to follow the Haotian, and respect the people's time"; "Shangshu. "The Biography of Kong's Family": "The Chong is Xi, and Li is He. Yao ordered Xihe to take charge of the four seasons of heaven and earth, so that people and gods will not disturb them, and each will get their own order. This is called "the heaven and heaven will be connected. It means that the heaven and gods have no surrender to the earth, and the earth will not reach the sky, and the light will not be related." During this period, one place says "Quan is Xi, Li is He" and the other place says Xizhong, Xishu, He Zhong, and He Shu are actually two Xi, two and two and . Then, I infer that this time belongs to: early stage: "Quan, He, , , Xi", and later stages are "Quan, He, Li, Xi" (but Chong, Xi and He both represent the east, and only one Li represents the West? Obviously, it does not conform to the combination of yin and yang. If it is determined according to the east, south and north direction, then Xi determines the east, redefines the south, and Li is the north, then, he should be the west, not the east. Look at the "Book of Yu Gong" "Heyi Dajie" , Why is "Yi", the above text "Shi, Qi, Li, and Yi, the following examples can be changed." Just like Li divided "生", pig is called "生. Then, Huan (he) and Dan have a way to change. Ai Dan and Xihe are the eastern sun gods, but in subdivision, ai Dan is Xi and Dan. Xihe is Xi and He, which means separately, I think "He and Dan represent the West" means the previous one: "生 and Xi" means the east, just like Chongqing Li can divide and resonate. Then, separate "生" means the west, the western sun god. Combined with Xi, it means the eastern sun god.

⑥, then, , what about , what about , Xi, Xiu (or corpus)? I didn’t see the “Li” of the North, Xi is Xi, the east; Chong is the south, the symmetrical differentiation of , in the West, then , Xiu (or corpus) should be the north, that is, "Li". , like the “Quan is Xi, Li is the hemisphere” above, Li is Xiu, Xiu (or corpus) is the northern and belongs to the Western sun god.

2.5.2, logical reasoning analysis of the four major tribes in each period

We can go from: It turns out that it was just when humans knew the East and the West, Chong is the eastern sun god, and Li is the western sun god; when Fuxi Alliance period, Chong is the southern, or Yang, the eastern sun god; and Li turns from west to north, belongs to Yin, or the western sun god.

①, Chongqing Li means the north and south. After that, the southern Zhengzhong rarely changed, and the eastern "Xi" changes increased the "Xi"; the western "pig is the right" added the "he", and the original "li" in the north added the "分 (博) " means snake. The above text is: "分 snakes are harmed by the people", "博 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) I think it was first "the caption of pigs is a big pig". During the reign of Emperor Ku, the Chu people said that pigs were turtles and turned into white tigers in the north. That is, Houyi and Huan E (Chang'e) entered the monogamy period. The descendants of Li were activated, and the Black Tiger Tribe of the Nuwa tribe replaced the Snake Tribe.

The path is: "pig (联)" in the west-------------The north starts from Li, and then adds "六 (联)", that is, snake, and adds "联 (xī), which means that the Chu State calls the big pig, but in fact it is a white tiger.

From pig--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Later generations call it twelve surnames. Like a snake----Si. According to "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of Qin": "The ancestors of Qin, Emperor Zhuanxu's descendants were called Nu Xiu. It is said that Si began to differentiate from Emperor Ku. The word "Rong" is like "Li", and Li has many changes in the north.

②, regarding the four sons of Fuxi, of course, the "Chu Silk Book" is only an archaeological reference. It spans thousands of years, and there are also tribal names that are consistent, causing confusion. In order to restore the truth as much as possible, the original text of the "Chu Silk Book" is quoted: "It is said that □ Hail (play), from □[Hua] (Xu), and lives in (Thunder) □[Xia]. (六)地 (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六Dreaming of Momo, Death (blind) Zhang Bibi, □ Every water □, wind and rain are ( ). Then he took the son of □ son, called the queen, who gave birth to four sons, □□ is Xiang (阿), and (嘿) is each (嘿). Simultaneous transformation and escape, and make a snake and ten thousand. ”.

Wang Dayou (2004) explained the four sons as "Zhong, Zhi, Xiu, Xi", or "Xi, He, Chong, Li".

③. To analyze whether Wang Dayou's inference is reasonable, first of all, based on the four directions and the last four seasons, it will change from the original things. Then, if it is "Zhong, Zhi, Xiu, Xi," it will become the period of the South and North Zheng, and the changes are too drastically and unreasonable. At least when the changes begin, Chongqing Li will still exist. Yes, now suddenly cross the direction to the Season. The "cultivation" does not conform to the history of domestication changes; in view, "Xi, He, Chong, Li" preserved Chongqing Li, and changed "He", then Xihe and Xidan were later periods. From the changes in domestication of animals, it must be easy to start and then difficult to do. The above article analyzes animal domestication with historical materials. Then, I combine the changes of Yin and Yang, east, west, south, north, and north, and the unity of dual cultures. Referring to the record myths of oral legends such as "Shan Hai Jing", I concluded that Fuxi's four sons (actually four main tribes) are:

Fuxi period: "Zhong, Jia, Li, Xi" (according to the order of south, west, north, and east of "Shan Hai Jing");

Early period of Huangdi period: "Zhong, Jia, You, Xi", mid-term "Zhong, He, Li, Xi", late period "Zhong, Jia, Xiu, Xi", "Zhong, Jia, Xiu, Xi"

(according to the records of "Records of the Grand Historian: Album": "Huangdi examined the star altar". The same book "Suoyin" quotes "Xiben" and "Lu Li

Records": "Huangdi sent Xihe to divine the day, and Changyi occupied the month... Rongcheng compiled these six techniques and wrote "Chi Li"", "Huang",

"Xu" and "You" are the same, and are used with Chiyou's "You" (i.e. "You");

Shaohao period records: "Zhong, Jia, Hui, Xi" (conforms to the order of south, west, north, and east of "Shan Hai Jing", "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong":

"Shaohao's family has four uncles: Chong, Jia, Hui, Xi."; "Huainanzi·Ben Jing": "Feng Xi (xī).",

Cultivating snakes is harmful to the people");

Zhuanxu's early inference: "Zhong, Jia, Li, Xi"; later in the period is: "Zhong, He, , Xi" (records of Chongli: Zhuan

Xu killed Jiuli, "Lu Li Zhi": "Huangdi sent Xihe to divine the day, "Records of the Grand Historian·Ben Ji of Qin" says: "Qin

First, Emperor Zhuanxu's grandson called Nu Xiu.)

The emperor's early inference was: "Chong, He, Li, Xi"; the later period was "Chong, He, 潨, Xi" ("Records of the Grand Historian. Volume 40. The Chu Family":

The Gonggong family was in chaos, and the emperor ordered Chongqing Li to kill him but it was not complete. The emperor killed Chongqing Li on Gengyin day, and his younger brother Wu Hui was the Chongli after Chongqing Li.

The legend of Chang'e, the tribe of the descendants of Nuwa changed "Qi")

The early period was "Chong, He, 潨, Xi", and the later period was "Chong, He, Li, Xi" ("Records of the Grand Historian. Volume 26. Almanac

Fourth　The decline of Shaohao clan, the Jiuli chaotic virtues, the people's gods were mixed up, and the people's gods were disturbed, so they should not release things, and disasters were recommended, so don't exert their energy. Zhuanxu received

, and ordered Nanzheng to re-subsist the sky to belong to the gods, and ordered Huo Li to re-subsist the earth to belong to the people, so that the old days were restored, and there was no invasion between them. Later, Sanmiao obeyed the virtues of Jiuli, so the two officials were all abandoned, and the leap was eliminated, Meng Zuo was destroyed, and the number was not recorded, and the number was not in order. Yao re-subsequently re-subsisted

After Li, he did not forget the old ones, and ordered them to re-subsist it and established the official of Xihe. In the Ming Dynasty, the yin and yang were adjusted, the wind and rain were in peace, and the qi came, and the people did not have a young epidemic. In the year of Qi Chan Shun, Shen Jingzu, saying, "The number of heaven is in your bow." Shun also ordered Yu. From this, Wang

It is important; Yao: "Records of the Grand Historian. The Records of the Five Emperors": "After the nine tribes are harmonious, the people will be conferred on the people. The people are bright and harmonious with all countries.

Then I ordered Xi and He, )

3. Xihe is a different name for the Zhurong tribe

Liu Xin portrayed Xihe as the mother of the sun and the goddess of the sun. "Shangshu Yao Dian" says: "I ordered Xihe to be as proud as the sky, and passed through the sun, moon and stars, and respectfully taught people the time. The destiny of Xizhong, the house is called Yanggu. Xihe masters the rhythm of time, and drives the sun from east to west every day. Because of such unusual skills, in ancient times, Xihe became the person who formulated the calendar. Xihe and Xizhong here are all the sun, moon, stars, and Xizhong, the house is called Yanggu. What does it mean?

This will start from the Fuxi period. I argued in the article "The Understanding of Geographical Directions of Ancient Mankind": Li, in mythology, the sun (fire) god Zhurong, Chiyou is the king of Jiuli, and Zhurong is Li, and some scholars argue that "The tradition of Dongyi is to worship the fire, and birds and elephants are used to represent the worship of the fire. They are all related to the Zhurong tribe.

Fuxi and Nuwa period , were the four sons of Fuxi? In fact, it is not four sons, it refers to four main tribes. But it is actually Zhurong, a tribe. It is the new name of Chongqing Li. Fuxi, also known as Mixi, Bao Xi, and Fu Xi, are also known as Sacrifice Emperor and Huang Xi. Since "chong means Xi, Li means He", it can be seen that Fuxi originated from Chong and was a change in the name of the leader of Chongli.

of the Huangdi period, "Records of the Grand Historian: Almanac" records: "Huangdi examines the Dingxing Album". The same book "Suoyin" quotes "Xiben" and "Lu Lizhi": "Huangdi sent to Xihe to divine the day, and Changyi to divine the moon... Rong Cheng summarized these six techniques and wrote "Diao Li". The so-called "occupying the sun" refers to observing the sun, calculating the day, etc. "Guanzi·Five Elements": "Huangdi obtained six phases and the heaven and earth were governed, and the gods arrived. Chiyou understood the way of heaven, so he made it the time; Dachang observed the advantage of the place, so he made it the trunk; Shelong distinguished from the east, so he made it the earth master; Zhurong distinguished from the south, so he made it the Situ; Daquan distinguished from the west, so he made it the Sima; Houtu distinguished from the north, so he made it the Li." Also, "Elementary School Ganzhu·Famous Ministers·Six Presentations of Huangdi": "Chiyou was at that time, and the Dachang was the trunk, so he made it the trunk, so he made it the trunk. Long is the Tu Master, Zhu Rong is the Situ, and Daquan is the Sima; Houtu is Li. ", carefully analyzed: Houtu ("The Classic of Hai Nei: "The wife of Emperor Yan, the son of Chishui, listened to Yanju, Yanju, and the festival is the same, and the festival is the same, and the opera artifact is produced. Zhurong descends to the river water, and he gives birth to Gonggong. Gonggong produces artifacts, and the artifact is the first square of the artifact, which is to restore the earth to the river water. Gonggong produces Houtu, Houtu produces choking, and choking is born in 12 years.") belongs to the Zhurong lineage; Daquan belongs to Changxi, that is, Changxi, Xihe, and Zhurong's tribe, which occupies the month and day; The transformation of the sounds of Shelong and Zhurong; it can be seen that they are all related to Zhurong's observation of astronomy. " Chiyou Minghu Tiandao " implies that before Huangdi, Chiyou was once the leader of the Zhurong tribe and the Dongyi tribe alliance.

Shaohao period , "Shaohao's family had four uncles: Chong, Gai, Xiu, and Xi." "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Gong Twenty-Nine" says: "Shaohao's family had four uncles, called Chong, Gai, Xiu, and Xi, which were actually able to metal, wood and water. If Chong was made into Jumang, Ji Shu, Xiu and Xi were made into Xuanming, and he did not lose his duties in the world, so he helped the poor and mulberry trees. These were the three sacrifices." The so-called "Four Uncles" are actually the same as the changes in "Shi Yu, Xi and Li, Xi and Xi" in the Fuxi period. Xihe and Xizhong in "Shangshu Yao Dian" are just the same homophone name for Zhong Shizhong, and are also from "Biography": "Cheng means Xi, Li means He."

Zhuanxu period: "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of Qin" says: "The ancestors of Qin, the grandson of Emperor Zhuanxu's descendants was called Nu Hui. Nu Hui weaving, the mysterious bird fell eggs, Nu Hui swallowed it, and gave birth to a son. Da Ye took the son of Shaodian, called Nu Hua. Nu Hua gave birth to a great expense and settled the water and soil with Yu. It was completed, and Emperor Xi Xuangui. Yu said: "If I can achieve it, it will be supplemented by the great expense. "Emperor Shun said, "I consulted you and praised Yu's achievements, and he gave you a trip. Your descendants will be released. "He is the jade girl of the Yao family of his wife. Dafei received a visit and helped Shun tame birds and beasts. Many birds and beasts are tamed, which is Bai Yi. Shun gave the surname Ying." Isn't "Ni Xiu" the "Shaohao family has four uncles: Chong, Gao, Xiu, and Xi." This proves that the Zhurong tribe is also the predecessor of the Sanmiao tribe. Since Chang Xi was Shaohao's wife and Shaohao married into the Zhurong tribe, the Dongyi tribe also belonged to the Sanmiao tribe.

Tang Yao period , Xihe was the family in charge of astronomy, observing the stars in the dusk, referring to the phenology to determine the days of two and two to determine the seasons and arrange the calendar. "Shangshu Yao Dian" says: "I ordered Xihe to be as proud as the sky, and passed through the sun, moon, stars, and respectfully taught people the time." "Shangshu. "Biography of Kong Family": "Recently means Xi, Li means He. Yao ordered Xihe to control the officials of the four seasons of heaven and earth, so that people and gods will not disturb them, and each obtains their own order. This is called the divination of heaven and heaven. It means that the gods of heaven have no surrender to the earth, and the earth does not reach the sky, and the brightness is unrelated."; "The Preface to the Zhou Li Shu": Yao Dian Zheng's note says: "The four mountains, the officials of the four seasons are in charge of the affairs of the four mountains. At the time of Xi and He, the four mountains are called the four mountains. When they died, they divided the affairs of the mountains and set the eight bodies, and they were all kingly officials."; "The Notes of the Saints and Sages" also says: "After Yao divided the yin and yang into the four seasons, he ordered Xizhong, Hezhong, Xishu, Heshu and others to be the officials, and they also took charge of the affairs of the Fang Yue, which was the four mountains." Yao Dian Kong Shu quoted Zheng to Zhao Shang and said, "Since the ancestors, they all said that Fire Palm is the earth. (Note: "Palm" is the error of the word "dang", and "di" is the error of the word "bei".) It should be said that 'Li is the North Zheng'." The commentary of the revelation minister Zan said: Chong and Li are the officials of heaven and earth. Tang and Yu called Xi and He, so those who control the land should be called Beizheng. "Records of the Grand Historian." "The Five Emperors' Book of Records": "After the nine clans are harmonious, they will be the people. The people are bright and harmonious with all countries. He then ordered Xi and He to respect the Haotian, count the sun, moon, stars, and respect the people's time. He divided the orders of Xizhong, live in Yuyi, and are called Yanggu. The sun rises, and Chengdong works. The stars and birds are used in Yinzhongchun. The people's analysis is that birds and beasts are used in the name of Xishu. Shen ordered Xishu to live in Nanjiao. He was used in Chengnan, and respectfully. The sun is eternal, and the sparks are used in Xiazhong. The people are responsible for the people's reasons. , birds and beasts are in the west. Shenming and Zhong lived in the land of the west, called Meigu. Jingdao entered the sun, and then the journey was completed in the west. At night, the stars were empty to meet the Mid-Autumn Festival. The people were barren, and the birds and beasts were fur and wreathed. Shenming and Shu lived in the north, called Youdu. He was in the hidden things. The day was short, and the stars were full, so that the winter was in the middle. The people were burning, and birds and beasts were fur and fur. year, 366 days, the leap month was set at the four seasons. trusted all officials and all the achievements were achieved. ".

The Shaohao Dongyi tribe uses birds as totems, which originated from Zhurong’s Rongfeng: Bird totems appeared in Emperor Yao, " Mountains and Seas·Great Wilderness East Classic": "The big valley outside the East Sea is the country of Shaohao." Among the leaders of the Dongyi tribe, "Zhi", known in history as "Shaohao Emperor Zhi". "Records of the Grand Historian." "The Book of the Five Emperors": "The Emperor married the daughter of Chen Feng and gave birth to Xun. He married the daughter of Xun and gave birth to Zhi. The Emperor died, and Zhi was established in the same period. Emperor Zhi was not kind, but his younger brother Fang Xun was established, which was Emperor Yao. Emperor Yao was released." "Zhi" is also known in ancient books as "闻". It is the "eagle-toe" and the king of birds; "holding the eagle-toe" in the hand, that is, holding the "bird totem" symbol scepter. Therefore, historical books respectfully call Emperor Shaohao Zhi the "Bird King". "Zuo Zhuan·Zhaogong's Seventeenth Year": "When Shaobing Zhi was established, the phoenix bird arrived, so he recorded it as a bird, and was named after the bird.Fengniao clan is the official; Xuanniao clan is the official division; Bo Zhao clan is the official leader; Qingniao clan is the official leader; Danniao clan is the official leader; Zhu Jiu is Situ ; Ju Jiu is Sima; Feng Jiu is Sikong; Shuang Jiu is Siko; Fu Jiu is Siko; Fu Jiu is Siko. The five doves are the people of the doves. The five pheasants are the five craftsmen, the use of sharp tools, and the measurement of the people. "; "Zuo Zhuan·Zhaogong's 18th Year" records: "In May of the summer, the fire begins to dim. Bingzi, wind. Zishen said: 'This is called merging wind, the beginning of fire'", The flames appearing in the fire turn into birds, fire phoenixes. In fact, whether it is the wind surname or the bird totem, they all originate from Zhurong. They originate from fire. The above article discusses: In ancient Chinese legends, phoenixes are regarded as divine birds, and they are the king of birds. The male is called "phoenix", and the female is called "phoenix". "Shuowen" records: "Phoenix is a divine bird. The old man of heaven said: The image of a phoenix is, in front of the horoscope, behind the scales, snake neck, fish tail, stork's throat, mandarin thoughts, dragon text, fish back, swallow chin, chicken beak, five colors are ready. "The Chu people in the Warring States Period also said: "The Phoenix is the bird of quail fire, and the essence of the sun. ", "White Tiger Tong" of the Han Dynasty said that Zhurong "its essence is a bird, and its li is a phoenix. " "Bian Crow. Crimson Bird" note says: "The Phoenix is the genus". Human worship, from worshiping the power of nature, to worshiping human reproduction.

During the reign of Emperor Shun: "Shun Dian" involves the sacrificial system, ritual and music system, patrol system, administrative system (including administrative divisions, princes' pilgrimage, credit letter, tribute and dethrone), criminal law system of the major alliance at that time; as well as the establishment of officials and division of positions, there are nine official positions, which are held by important tribe leaders of each major cluster, and they are all determined by the "Four Mountains" and are appointed by the "Twelve Patriarchs". The "Four Mountains" should be the "Great Elders" of each major cluster, that is, the "Great Elders" of each major cluster, that is, the "Great Elders" of each major cluster, that is, the "Great Alliance" The main member of the decision-making body's council; "Twelve Patriarchs (the "master" in oracle bone inscriptions is still the official title of tribe chief)" is the actual leader of major tribes or tribe groups (the majority of the twelve representatives) and participates in the deliberation. It shows that the strength of the Zhurong tribe needs to continue to subdivide the Zhurong tribe after the Emperor was divided into the eight surnames of Zhurong. After that, until the Xia and Shang dynasties, the Zhurong tribe was divided into many tribes, such as "Yuanhe surname Zhuan": "Zhuanxu, descended from Chongli, and Cheng Boxiu's father was the descendant. "; "The Book of the Wanxiang Liutuan" records: "Cheng Boxiu's father was the Grand Sima and was granted the title of Cheng. Later, he became a clan, which was the same as the Sima family, and he hoped to be peaceful and stable. "It can be seen that the ancestors of the Cheng family should be descendants of the Zhurong family Chongli. "General History·National Brief": After Chongqing Li (Zhurong), the descendants of King Xuan of Zhou, Cheng Boxiu's father was Sima, and he defeated Xu Fang, and gave the official clan as Sima. His descendants "take officials as their clan". ... Countless people have evolved from the Zhurong tribe.

House period , the most famous legend is found in the "Shangshu Yinzheng". At that time, the first solar eclipse recorded by mankind in the world occurred. Xihe was the astronomical officer of King Zhongkang of Xia. Because he was addicted to alcohol and sex, he wasted the observation and calculation of the astronomical phenomena, but did not predict it, which caused panic and unexpected panic. So King Zhongkang, based on the "Political Code" (law): "Those who were in the first place were killed without mercy, and those who were not in time were killed without mercy", ordered Yinhou to conquer and execute Xihe. "Shangshu·Xia Shu·Yu Gong": "Hai, Dai and Huai are in Xuzhou. Huai and Yi are all in a state of great success, Meng and Yu are all in their art, and the wilderness is pigs, and the east is flat. The land of the red grave is covered with grass and trees. The land is the upper middle, and the tax is the middle middle. The five colors of the earth are in the tribute, feathers are in the Xia Di, the lonely tung tung in the yang, the chime floating on the Si shore, and the beads of Huaiyi and fish. The silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky Float in Huai and Si, reaching in the river (lood). ”. Guo Moruo pointed out: "The people of Yin have sacrifices when entering and leaving the sun." The oracle bone inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty include "Xia is at the East Mother, Pump three, and Dog three", "Jiyou is at the East Mother, and Drum Zhen is at the East Mother, Nine Ox", "Zhen, Xia is at the East Mother, and Three Ox, and "and so on." It can be seen that the sacrifice ceremony of "Xia is at the East Mother" in the Shang Dynasty is very grand. If you are at the East Mother, you may make a sacrificial ceremony. The "Jing is at the East Mother" in the Shang Dynasty is very grand. If you are at the Oracle Bone Dictionary, it is explained as "Meeting Pan Chai and Sacrifice", which means piled up firewood to sacrifice for fire. Chen Jiameng pointed out in "Summary of Yinxu Inscriptions" that the "East Mother" in the inscription refers to the sun. Mr. Dingshan believes that "East Mother" is an alias for the sun god, and it should be Xihe who has been born on ten days, which is the sun god. "Xia is at the East Mother" means to worship the sun with fire.

During the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xin, a famous scholar in the late Western Han Dynasty and the real pioneer of ancient classics, came to power. After Wang Mang, who advocated retro, took power, because Xihe was related to observing the sun in legend, Xihe was the legendary official in charge of astronomy. At this time, Liu Xin was appointed as the official position of Xihe, and changed the astronomical official to Xihe. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Biography of Lu Gong": "My grandfather Kuang was Xihe during the time of Wang Mang, and he had the right number, and was called think tank ." "Book of the Han Dynasty: Biography of Wang Mang": "Renamed Dasi Nong was Xihe, and later became the first to be a new word." In ancient mythology, some people shaped Xihe as the mother of the sun.

"Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Biography of Cui Qi": "The atmosphere is lush and stern, and Xihe suddenly has a deep sunlight." Li Xian's note: "Xihe is the sun." ;

Jin·Ge Hong "Baopuzi·Appointment": "Day competes with the final scenery of Xihe, and the sun shines in the sunshine and shines."

From this, we found the origins of Xihe. Xihe originated from Chongqing Li of Zhurong tribe, "Xihe is the sun." Observing the sun and the moon is the sun god, the moon god, calculating the days, have the power, and have the thinking tank.

Xihe evolved from the goddess who gave birth to the sun to the sun itself, and became the driver of the sun (now the Sun Yu, see "Li Sao" and "Tianwen", etc.). The two goddesses Xihe and Chang Xi were listed as the two male officials under Huangdi, who were in charge of the sun and the moon, and as soon as the myth changed, they were listed as Xihe and Chang Xi, the two male officials under Huangdi, who were in charge of the sun and the moon (see "Lüshi Chunqiu·Wugong", "Shiben", etc.); due to the change of pronunciation, they were divided into the two goddesses of Emperor Jun's wife Ehuang and Chang Xi (see "The Great Wilderness Southern Classic" and "The Great Wilderness Western Classic"). Ehuang evolved into Shun's wife (see "The Son of the Corpse" and "Biographies of Women"); Xihe was the goddess who gave birth to the sun (see "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·The Southern Classic of Great Wilderness"). Chang Xi was also the goddess who lived the moon (see "The Great Wilderness West Classic"), and then became Yi's wife, and finally flew back to the Moon Palace to be Chang'e (see "Huainanzi·Lanming Xun"); continued to evolve, Xihe became one subordinate of Huangdi to two or six people under Yao who were in charge of the astronomical calendar (Xishi, Heshi, Xizhong, Hezhong, Xishu, and Heshu).

This is the evolutionary process of Chongqing Li, "Shangshu". "Biography of Kong Family": "Chong means Xi, Li means He" and "Biography" say: "Chong means Xi, Li means He" and so on, which reveal the relationship between Xihe and the Zhurong tribe of Chongqing Li. They are different titles from Zhurong in different periods, or multiple titles from one period.

4, the earliest Dong tribe and Chongqing Li and Miao people

The above article discusses: "Rong" the person in charge of fire, "Ciquette and Common Meaning·Three Emperors": "Fire is the sun." The word "Rong" is pronounced as "Li", and the name of "Zhurong" in Chongqing Li evolved into "Jiuli". Li also increased, and Xiu evolved from Li. Nine was a snake, and nine was also called Jiuli clan and Jiuli clan. The name of the god is different from that of Yiyi, but the ancient version of the two characters is very common. Therefore, it is also called "Jiuyi". "Yi, read as Yi." "Shi, Qi, Li, Yi" is all-round. The name of "Zhujiu" (Zhurong, at this time, the flames that appeared in Zhurong's merging fire turned into birds and fire phoenixes) evolved into the name of the leader of the tribes of "Chiyou" and "Zhuanxu". Therefore, Chiyou also became the leader of the Zhurong tribe. "Lu Lizhi": "Huangdi sent Xihe to occupy the sun, and Changyi occupied the moon..." killed Chiyou; Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, Shaohao's "Records of the Grand Historian: Qin's Principal" says: "The grandson of the Miao descendants of Emperor Zhuanxu was called Nuxiu", which became: "Zhong, Gai, Hui, Xi". Zheng's note on "The Book of Rites Yishu": "There was Miao, and Jiuli. Zhuanxu killed Jiuli in his reign. He divided his descendants and was the Sanmiao who lived in Western descent." Zheng Xuan's note on "Shangshu Lu Xing": "The Miao people were the descendants of Jiuli, and Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, and his son was called Sanmiao." Emperor Yao pityed the innocent and guilty people, so he accepted the order of "God" to deprive the king of Sanmiao, and sent him to the "low country". "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong": It is the name of Chongqing Li, both of which are humans and ghosts,... similar to ghosts and gods. Therefore, Zhurong has a heavy differentiation and Li, and Li has differentiated into Jiuli and Jiuyi. Dongyi belongs to the differentiation of Chongqing Li.

4.1, the three major paths of the Zhurong tribe's migration and the Puyang Xishuipo Tomb

People cannot understand why the Dongyi tribe worshiped the sun god, and attributed the astronomical observations of the Shaohao period to the time when Shaohao was the leader of the tribe, and used the Dawenkou culture as the cultural source of the Dongyi tribe.But in this way, it turns out that many tribes of Zhurong worship the God of Fire and the God of Sun? Don't they have anything to do with it?

The above article discusses that the Chongzuo Zhiren Cave in Guangxi is about 111,000 years old, and migrates along the north to Hunan and Hubei, and is in the Huanglong Cave area of Yunxi County, Hubei. 50,000 years ago, the "White Lotus Cave People in Liuzhou, Guangxi" could sew clothes and use fire and cooked food to form the white lotus Cave culture. At this time, the Zhurong tribe began to plant rice, entered the Hunan and Hubei areas, forming the Chongqing Li tribe. The pottery fragments unearthed from Yuchanyan, Hunan are about 14,000 to 21,000 years ago; the Guilin Dayan site, located on the northern foot of Xiayanmen Mountain, Lingui County, Guilin City, was first investigated in 1999. A batch of original pottery dating back to 12,000 years ago was discovered. It is one of the origins of the centers of prehistoric pottery in China. 72 cave sites like the Dayan Ruins have been discovered in Guilin, and are one of the most abundant and concentrated cities in China. residence is located in the Pengshantou site in Li County, Hunan, a representative of prehistoric culture of about 9,000-8,300 years ago. Two main migration paths: (not all tribes migrate, each migration will be combined with other people who later become Homo sapiens. I have discussed it in many articles before, but it is demonstrated by the migration of heavy and old "old Dong".) A secondary path:

Main path 1: Go west, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, and combine with people who enter Homo sapiens late, and then enter Shaanxi, Ningxia and Gansu ( dating from 7350-7800 years ago, Dadiwan Cultural Site in Tianshui City, Gansu Province). began to plant millet, sorghum and rapeseed from the Crusade family, forming a human gathering area centered on Shaanxi, bringing a cave lifestyle in the south. For example, 5213 Yangshao cultural sites are distributed with Huashan as the center. It starts from east Henan in the east, ends in Gansu and Qinghai in the west, to Hetao Inner Mongolia Great Wall in the north, and to Jianghan in the south. The central area is in Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi;

Main path 2: Go east, enter Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang ( Hemudu , about 7,000 years ago), and then enter Shandong.

Secondary path: Zhurong tribe migrated in 6707 (4781 BC, refer to Wang Dayou's division in 2004) path, migrating from west to east. According to scientific measurements, it entered the Xishui slope of Puyang (Dongyi) in Anhui Province in 6460±135 years, forming Dongyi, which was later called Zhurong's eight surnames Shenhu, and entered the Lingyang River area of Ju County, Shandong Province 6300 years ago. In 1959, four pottery documents with vivid appearances were unearthed 6,300 years ago in Lingyang River, Ju County, Shandong Province, four pottery documents with vivid appearances were more than 1,500 years earlier than oracle bone inscriptions. It belongs to the prototype of ancient Chinese characters. In 1987, Xishuipo, Puyang, Henan Province, in the northern Henan Plain, was determined to be a group of ancient tombs 6,500 years ago. The tomb map of Tomb No. 45, Xishuipo, Puyang is a cover map, with the circle centered on the north pole of the sky, and the Sun Road in the spring and autumn. The heavenly area within the circle is Tai Chi, or the North Pole Heavenly Area. This shows that in the Gaitian theory as early as 6,500 years ago, the dividing line between green and yellow pictures is based on whether the starry sky can be observed more clearly, rather than sunrise or sunset. This is very similar to the provisions of modern astronomical observations. The yin and yang are half each, which is the Tai Chi generation of two qualities. Below the tomb map are three pictures, namely the Big Dipper Seven Stars map 107,300 years ago, 133,300 years ago, and 159,300 years ago, which proves that the Zhurong tribe had the culture accumulated by its ancestors when it moved. However, according to some scholars based on ancient historical materials such as "Book of Jin·Astronomy" and other ancient history, the founder of Gai Tianshu is Fuxi, and he still believes that the tomb owner is Fuxi. I think this statement is too biased: First of all, Fuxi is only the leader of the tribe alliance, and it is not necessarily the leader of the tribe who observes astronomy. The most important thing is time. At this time, it is no longer the period of Fuxi and Nuwa, but the period of Yan Emperor. I think: the dragon and tiger pattern unearthed from is currently the earliest among the dragon patterns discovered in archaeology in the country, and it is naturally consistent with the Dong family becoming the Huanlong clan; the site time belongs to the Zhurong tribe after the migration, and it has a temporal inheritance relationship; third, this tribe has been observing astronomy, and the three Beidou Seven Stars maps of are more than 10,000 years ago, which is far earlier than the Fuxi and Nuwa period, so it should be the Chongqing Li period . Fourth, Zhurong's eight surnames, Guanhu, lived in Dongyi, and was arranged to go to Dongyi, which is the leader of the Dong tribe. Therefore, the tomb owner of Xishuipo, Puyang, Anhui Province is not Fuxi, but the leader of the tribe surnamed Dong. started with the Yan Emperor Zhurong, and Zhurong moved long qin. Yan Emperor Shennong, Cangjie, and Chiyou were all the leaders of major tribal alliances or leaders of regional alliances.

The migration location scope of Zhurong tribe is highly consistent with the emergence of wheat planting, and a new human gathering area has been formed in Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and Anhui. Later, the distribution center of Miaodigou second phase culture (3900 BC to 2780 BC) was in Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces. Later, the Longshan culture, which dates from about 4,600 to 4,000 years ago, was distributed in Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Then, the new plant varieties brought by Shandong are coming from the Zhurong tribe's migration.

Why is wheat planting concentrated in Shandong? His transmission path is related to the migration of the Zhurong tribe, that is, it spreads from west to east. It's not from the East. That is, it is not directly differentiated from Chongqing Li-Li-Hemudu culture-Dawenkou culture (mainly based on agricultural economy, like other primitive cultures in the Yellow River Basin, millet is mainly planted. The custom of artificial deformation of occipital bones and tooth extraction during adolescence is prevalent. It is the birthplace of tooth extraction customs popular in the east and south of ancient China.).

4.2. Dongyi culture formed a new cultural center after the heavy tribe migrated from west to east.

From the legend of ancient times, it can be concluded that from the south (Hunan)---Western (Sichuan)---North (Shaanxi)---East (Henan, Shandong) a branch mainly called "金" and also mainly called Zhurong. In addition, the south (Hunan)---East (Jiangxi, Zhejiang)----North (Shandong and other places) a branch mainly called Li, which was also called Li before the Zhurong Changqin tribe migrated to Shandong, and rice cultivation was preserved, so it was still Li.

Fuxi and Nuwa period, Zhurong’s Battle of Gonggong and Yan Emperor period were the activity center in Shaanxi. The titles of this period were called Zhurong; and "Tong" evolved from the evolution of "Dong-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Therefore, the "Zhong" tribe is a branch from south to west and then north to east.

Because of the "heavy" new tribe "xi", the "li" new tribe "has". However, "heavy" and "he" are active in the west; "Li" and "Xi" are active in the east. After the Zhurong tribe migrated from west to east, the two major branches converged in Shandong, forming a new "Zhong, Gao, You, and Xi", entering the Huangdi period.

Therefore, the surname gene will also undergo different changes. After all, "金" and "金" are in the northwest (the active tribes represent different directions together with "金, "金, "金, "金" and "金" are different. Explanation is based on a fixed direction. "金" means that only in the south cannot migrate, and Li cannot change in the north. This is impossible. Moreover, after Huangdi, he specifically determined "金"), which would merge with the later slow-evolving Homo sapiens in Shanxi and other places. , genes will also change; "Li" and "Xi" move in the southeast to maintain agricultural cultivation, becoming the pioneers of Jiuli, and are mostly called "Jiuli" and "Xi". Therefore, the scope of activity of "Li" and "Xi" is the same. Later, the Longshan Village, Wafangdian, the Liaodong Peninsula surrounding Dalian, entered the community of Homo sapiens in the late Paleolithic period 17,000 years ago; afterwards, the two tribes of Zhurong's activity converged, and new changes were produced, and they were fusion and changes with other new tribes.

The confluence of the Chongqing Li tribe is to sacrifice, and everyone can communicate with the world, and it has entered its heyday. Later, the "Old Huang Calendar" that predicts the good and bad luck of the day was created, "Mandarin·Chu Yu": "The virtues of the nine li are mixed, and the people and gods are mixed, and things cannot be divided into. The wife enjoys it, and the family is a witch and historian, and there is no need for quality. The people are scarce to worship, but they do not know their blessings. The people enjoy the excessive amount, and the people and gods are in the same position."

Therefore, there are genetic measurements, Dong surname genes or other surname genes, and it is found that the genes differ in a certain paragraph.

From the time perspective: Pengshantou site in Li County, Changde, Hunan is about 9,000-8,300 years ago. Chengtou Mountain City was built during the Daxi culture period 6,000 years ago. From the Pengshantou site to the "Mont" of Chengtou Mountain spans 2,000 years; the migration of rice from the south proves that it comes from Guangxi, Hunan and other places; Hemudu culture is the Neolithic culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin in China, mainly distributed in the Ningshao Plain and Zhoushan Island on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, from 5,000 BC to 3,300 BC. It mainly focuses on rice farming, and also engages in animal husbandry, collection and fishing and hunting; Dawenkou culture is a Neolithic culture. It is named after the Dawenkou site in Tai'an City, Shandong Province. The distribution area reaches the coast of the Yellow Sea in the east, the eastern part of the western Shandong Plain in the west, the southern coast of the Bohai Sea in the north, and the Huaibei area in Jiangsu south, and is basically in the Shaohao culture area recorded in ancient books. In addition, the ruins of this cultural type have also been discovered in Henan and northern Anhui. According to the data after radiocarbon generation and correction, the Dawenkou culture age was about 6500-4500 years ago, and the Zhurong tribe migrated later than 6707 years ago, and the was divided in 4781 BC in 2004). The Haidai Longshan culture lasted for about 600 years, and the dividing between the early and late stages was about 4,300 years ago. Wang Dayou took the Huangdi Xuanyuan regime to a total of fifteen emperors, and passed down the country for 461 years (4513-4053 BC); Shaohao Jintian regime to a total of seven emperors, and passed down the country for 264th year (4053-3790 BC). The Dawenkou culture existed during the Huangdi period, and Zhurong was also the main tribe of the Huangdi Alliance during the Huangdi period. It proved that during the Dawenkou culture period, the Zhurong tribe had long migrated to the Shandong area.

However, from a culture perspective alone, it seems that there are differences between the Dongyi tribe and the Zhurong tribe and other tribes. However, in terms of time: the second phase of Miaodigou culture (3900 BC to 2780 BC) is distributed in the three provinces of Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi, and it is basically in the same period from the Dawenkou culture age of about 6,500-4,500 years ago. Before this period, it was the period of Zhurong tribe migration. It was also a period when the Zhurong tribe spreads culture. The partial integration of Zhurong tribe migrated to Shandong. The new tribe "Xigai (he)" that originally differentiated from Chongqing Li may have become closer because of some special cultures and became "Xihe", which led to historians analyzing: "Shaohao was the name of the tribe from the late Dawenkou culture to the middle of Longshan culture. Although the order of Xihe and Shaohao was not found, according to the "Shan Hai Jing", it is undoubtedly true that the country of Shaohao and the country of Xihe are consistent in the local view." This is also why historians later could not figure out why the Sanmiao culture is almost the same as the Zhurong culture? Why are the Daxi culture (about 4400 BC to 3300 BC), Qujialing culture (about 3300 BC to 2600 BC), and Liangzhu culture (from 3300 BC to 2000 BC) related to Zhurong differentiation? This article explains this and solves the above doubts.

"Mandarin. Chu Yu": "San Miao is the descendant of Jiuli." "After that, San Miao restored the virtues of Jiuli." Confucius said: "The king of San Miao is a descendant of Chiyou." Zheng Xuan said: "The people of Miao are the descendants of Jiuli. The king of Jiuli abandoned the good way when Shaohao declined and abandoned the good way. The emperor imposed heavy punishments on Chiyou. The one who must change Jiuli to talk about the people of Miao is Miao, and the descendants of Jiuli. Zhuanxu used Shaohao to kill Jiuli and divided his descendants into the Three Kingdoms. Gao Xin's decline regained the virtues of Jiuli, and Yao was promoted and killed. Yao was in the late dynasty again, and Yao ministers and Shun fled again. Yu took the position and rebelled in Dongting, and Yu was killed again."

4.3. Xihe of Zhurong tribe was the disseminator of the calendar, sacrifice, and divination witch

0 4.3. Xihe of Zhurong tribe was the disseminator of the calendar, sacrifice, and divination witch

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The migration of the Zhurong tribe covers Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Zhejiang and other places. The Dahe Village type was also called the Qinwangzhai type in the late period, and its age was about 3,500 years to 3,000 years BC. The type of Qin Wangzhai is Zhurong culture, and the ancient city of Xishan, Zhengzhou (founded 5,300 years ago, abandoned about 5,000 years ago, or abandoned 4,800 years ago) is the ruins of Zhurong.

"Shan Hai Jing". "The West Classic of Great Wilderness": "There is a country of Northern Di. The grandson of Emperor Huangdi was called Shijun, and Shijun was born in Beidi. There are Mangshan, Guishan, and Guishan. There are people on it, called Prince Changqin. Zhuanxu gave birth to Laotong, Laotong gave birth to Zhurong, and Zhurong gave birth to Prince Changqin. It is located in Guishan, and it was the first to have a musical style."

"Shan Hai Jing." "The Great Wilderness Western Classic": "Someone called Wu Hui, Qi Zuo, which means there is no right arm."There is a man named Wu Hui, who only has his left arm left. Ke's case: Wang Niansun changed the scripture "Qi Zuo" to "Qi Zi", probably not. Guo Pu said: "It is Qi Wang." Wu Hui and Zhu Rong's younger brother were also the fire commander. "The Emperor's Chapter of the Great Daili Emperor said: "The old boy gave birth to Chongqing Li and Wu Hui. Emperor Ku killed Chongqing Li and appointed his younger brother Wu Hui as Chongqing Li. Later, he resided in Huo Zheng and became Zhurong. Therefore, they all regarded Chongqing Li as one person and Wu Hui as one person. Then, Chongqing Li was two, which seemed to be Wu Hui. Lu's Spring and Autumn (Mengxia Chapter) also said: "The god of Huilu in Wu Kingdom was entrusted to the stove.', Wang Fu and Gao Yu also appointed Li as Wu Hui, which was combined with this classic. Chong and Li were fire officials one after another, so they were both named Zhurong."

"Han Shu·Geography" records: "The people of Chu believe in witches and ghosts, and valued lewd sacrifices." Wu Hui, the leader of the Youyu family, took over the "Jingfu" as the official of Huo Zheng Zhurong during the reign of Emperor Gao Xin.

Then, Zhurong tribe, including the later Sanmiao tribe, the Yi and Yao tribes, "believe in witchcraft and value lewd sacrifices" is the leading role of witchcraft culture.

"Shan Hai Jing". "The West Classic of Great Wilderness": "There is a country of Beidi. The grandson of Huangdi was called Shijun, and Shijun was born in Beidi. There is Mangshan. There is Guishan. There is a mountain on it. There is someone on it, called Prince Changqin. Zhuanxu gave birth to Laotong, Laotong gave birth to Zhurong, and Zhurong gave birth to Prince Changqin. It is located in Mount Gui, and he started to have musical style." Prince Changqin of Zhurong became the founder of music. Of course, Zhuanxu was the period before the Zhurong tribe, and the legend was included in the post-Huangdi Emperor. Similarly, "The Classic of Hai Nei": "Boling, the grandson of Emperor Yan, Boling and Wu Quan's wife, were married to the wife of Wu Quan. The mother was pregnant for three years and was born in Gu, Yan, and Zhu. She was the Marquis, and Gu and Yan were the bells, and the song "Happy Feng" was listed in the grandson of Emperor Yan.

"Suoyin" quotes "Xiben" and "Lu Lizhi": "Huangdi asked Xihe to divine the sun, and Changyi to divine the moon... Rongcheng summarized these six techniques and wrote "Diaoli"", and the sun and moon of the Zhurong tribe appeared to be divided into two tribes for observation, and Changyi is Changyi's voice transformation. Originally, history should have belonged to the Huangdi period, and to the Zhurong (Changyi) period, but later generations mainly used men. Is it based on this to record the Shaohao period? Historians mainly use men, so they are not the leader of the Zhurong tribe. However, according to the "Imperial Century", "The Yuan concubine, the daughter of Xiling, was called Lazu, gave birth to Changyi. The second concubine, the daughter of Fang Lei, was called Nu Yue, gave birth to Qingyang. The second concubine, the daughter of Tongyu, gave birth to Yigu, was named Canglin. The second concubine, the mother of Lao, was under the three of them."

Xihe inherited Zhurong's astronomical observations and became the source of the calendar. Shaohao married into Zhurong (Chongli is a marriage alliance, Shaohao is a Li tribe, Xi is a close-to-earth tribe, Chang Xi belongs to a close-to-earth tribe, and he is a differentiated Xi) tribe, Chang Xi also turned into Shaohao's wife: the name of the sun goddess is Xihe. "Shan Hai Jing": "Beyond the East China Sea, between the Ganquan, there is the country of Xihe. A woman named Xihe was the wife of Di Jun. She was born for ten days and often bathed in Ganyuan." In other words, there was a woman named Xihe in the Xihe tribe named Xihe, who was the wife of Di Jun and gave birth to ten suns. ", Xihe bathes ten suns in Ganyuan every day. Mother of the Sun." This is one of the legends about Xihe. "Lüshi Chunqiu" says, "...Xihe made the divination of the sun, Shangyi made the divination of the moon..." Shangyi is a different story of Chang Xi . As officials who made the divination of the sun and the moon, they were deified into the divination of the sun and the moon.

Because later generations used the marriage of the tribe to speculate before the marriage of men and women, but in the later period of Zhuanxu and Emperor Ku, Lu Zhong and others still joined the daughter's family, how could they come to the men's tribe? Shaohao also joined the heavy tribe.

5, "Jedi Tiantong" of Zhurong tribe "Chongli"

Because the mountains are towering into the clouds, they are imagined to be the passage to heaven. Zhurong observes astronomy and is often set up in the mountains. Later, together with the sacrifices, they are on the top of the mountain, which is a place where gods often travel. After the rebellion of Chiyou (leading the gods and mountain spirits and water monsters to oppose Huangdi), it affected the people on earth, and torture was rampant and killings continued.

"Huainanzi·Yuandao Xun" Note: "The four directions are called the heaven and earth, and from ancient times to the present, it is called the universe, to describe the heaven and earth." However, "the heaven and earth connect ("to the sky and the earth")", the sky gradually rises, the earth gradually sinks, and the heaven and earth that are not far apart from the wood become far away and can no longer play the role of a ladder. From then on, the "main" of the sky was specially managed by the sky, and the "li" of the earth was specially managed by the land."Zhong" leads some people to study the sacrifices of heaven, and "Li" is responsible for the people's farming and farming. God is under the control of "Quan", the people are under the control of "Li", and the "people and the people" come from this. In the "Shan Hai Jing", the Zhurong tribe, the gateway to the sun and moon mountain, the gateway to heaven and earth, the gateway to heaven and earth, Chong and Li are used to going up to heaven and earth, worshiping heaven, worshiping earth and ancestors, so they can escape the world and connect with heaven and earth; they are dedicated to the transportation of heaven and earth. The above article discusses Zhurong's "Jedi Tiantong" with great powers, knowing astronomy and geography, knowing agriculture, medicine, breeding, smelting, music, etc., being well-versed in ancient and modern times, mastering the four seasons, sacrificing and divination, and you can reach the heavenly court and communicate with the sky, go to the underworld, communicate with gods and ghosts, and move between heaven, earth and man. It originates from observing the movement of celestial bodies, astronomical and agricultural arrangements. He is mainly good at observing the fine measurement and calculation of celestial bodies' movements, positions, periods, years, months and days, astronomical predictions, etc.; Li is good at formulating the lunar calendar in combination with seasons.

In the era of Huangdi rule, people and gods were mixed, and gods could freely go to the world, and people could also travel between heaven and earth through the ladder (that is, Kunlun Mountain, created by Huangdi). Everyone is connected with heaven and earth, and the three lines of the eight trigrams are the records of the mutual communication between heaven and earth and man. Can people go to the Heaven Court to file a complaint? That is, you can ask gods to sacrifice, and of course, gods and immortals can also go to the people at will. "The Old Almanac" is a combination of Yangyang and Divination of Witches. People can predict good and bad luck through the "Almanac", which disrupts the management order. Through the unified management of the Zhurong tribe and the unified management of Li, only Chongqing Li can go to heaven and earth, and others cannot communicate with gods and ghosts (using the date and budget for good and bad luck and astronomy). It's easier for the people to deal with. Gods and people in the world cannot go to the world at will without permission from "Qing" and "Li"! In ancient times, people recorded or circulated literary and management historical materials through myths.

Myth is linked to social change and to the economic development of society. Animal Husbandry has truly begun to become a professional division of labor separated from agriculture, which is conducive to promoting social evolution; observing astronomy and historical materials management have been carried out by specialists since then, and the standardization of calendars, religious beliefs, etiquette, music, marriage, etc. has accelerated the differentiation of tribes and the progress of culture.

5.1, "The Heaven and Heaven ("Survey to the Earth")" myth

"The Great Wilderness West Classic": "Zhuanxu gave birth to Lao Tong, and Lao Tong gave birth to Chongli. The emperor ordered him to offer up to heaven and ordered Li Qiong (seal) to go down to the earth. He was in the western extreme, and he was in the direction of the sun, moon and stars."; Why should he separate the heaven and earth? First of all, Chongqing Li was earlier than Xihe, and the advancedness of the changes in the Chong tribe of "Dong-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ginger is still the old spicy, Observation of astronomy is still more powerful; there is a way to manage farming and farming. The division of labor between agriculture and animal husbandry has finally begun to break away. Form different divisions of labor. It has laid a guarantee for the enrichment of products. This is an epoch-making change, and this is a huge change in the management of new and old. From then on, professional division of labor began to emerge as a whole in agriculture and animal husbandry.

At the same time, observing astronomy and historical materials management have been carried out by specialists, carefully divided the labor, and "heavy" serves as the Nanzheng to manage the observation of the movement of celestial bodies, and "Li" conducts astronomy and calendar related to agriculture, especially the approved calendar, and declares the agricultural time. The activities of witch occupation were concentrated, the reform of the calendar and religious reform were accelerated, the wizard class appeared, theocracy became a privilege, and religious beliefs were standardized. Regulating etiquette and music plays a catalyst for tribal differentiation. In the past, domesticated animals were differentiated, but the tribe was still the work of all people. Now we have to change the mixed mode. This is "Ling Chongsheng to heaven and Li Qiong (seal) to the earth." It has begun, and this is the essence of "falling to the sky" that contains . At the same time, only Chongqing Li can go to the world and communicate with the world, proving that this tribe masters various advanced technological cultures such as history, astronomy, etc.

This period was also the beginning of witchcraft culture. Combined with the background at that time, he resisted the reform of the marriage system with the Chongqing Li tribe and opposed the management of matriarchal clans to the management of patriarchal clans. The powerful Zhurong tribe must maintain its traditions. Huangdi was the founder, but it was impossible to consider the implementation. It can be confirmed by Zhuanxu, Shaohao, Lu Zhong and others joining Zhurong tribe. Moreover, the Zhurong tribe also mastered advanced culture. However, there is also great resistance. The Zhurong tribe is unwilling to change the tradition of male marriage into female families, but maintains marriage into marriage (it can be confirmed from the Yao people at the junction of Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi provinces that were still popular in marriage into marriage in the 1950s). In order to distinguish their descendants, the patriarchy also needs to solve the problem by force. The surplus of products, living together to separating from families, the male power needs to leave the product to its descendants. The longer the time, the stage of the old conservative forces will be from "close-hand combat" to "hand-to-hand combat". Finally, a war was fought by winning over internal groups, that is, the subsequent groups that accepted ideas. Thus evolved into a myth. In the early days of Zhuanxu, the matriarchal system was still under the matriarchal system, and the intelligence of men was often suppressed. After Zhuanxu conquered Jiuli, he reformed this system. "Huainanzi·Qi Su" tells Zhuanxu's legislation: "Women do not avoid men on the road, but browse on the road of the four roads." In matriarchal society, women do not give way to men. Zhuanxu first established a new law, and all women who do not give way to men are excluded from the great road. Such behaviors show that Zhuanxu is vigorously promoting the transformation of society into a patriarchal system. During the Zhuanxu period, it finally broke out.

"Shangshu Lu Xing" Zheng Xuan's note: "The Miao people were descendants of Jiuli, Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, and his son was called Sanmiao." Zheng's note: "There was Miao, descendants of Jiuli. Zhuanxu used Shaohao to kill Jiuli, and divided his descendants, and became Sanmiao who lived in Western descent." The above article stated: From then on, it proved that Zhuanxu was not the Jiuli tribe, Xihe and Chongli (at this time, Li was ), which had a prerequisite for Zhuanxu to marry into the Zhurong Chongli tribe. "Mandarin. Chu Yu": "San Miao is the descendant of Jiuli." "After that, San Miao restores the virtues of Jiuli." It belongs to the Yao period, proving the relationship between Zhurong and San Miao, and later in the same tribe. The above article "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong" says: "Gou Mang, Zhurong and others are all the names of the Five Elements, and are the names of Chongli, and are all humans and ghosts. Why are they called them together? "The answer was: "These five sons can do their best to others, and they are similar to ghosts and gods, so they are called the same as them. "; Therefore, I have argued that the Guifang belonged to the Zhurong tribe a long time ago.

5.2, migration after Huangdi

5.2.1, and created the "Huangdi Li"

"Shan Hai Jing·Hai Nei Jing": "Huangdi's wife Lei Zu gave birth to Changyi, and the place where the Changyi descended is like water, and she gave birth to Korean wave. Han Liu raised his head and ears, his face was a pig's beak, his body was a canal, and he took Naozi and said to be A Nu, and gave birth to Emperor Zhuanxu. "; "Records of the Grand Historian: The Three Dynasties": "Huangdi gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi gave birth to Zhuanxu. ”, Two different Zhuanxu lineages?

And the Huangdi genealogy worn by "The Great Dai Li·Imperial Lineage": "Huangdi lives in the hills of Xuanyuan and married the son of the Xiling clan, which is called the Lazu clan, and has Qingyang and Changyi. Qingyang descends to the river in Zhushui, and Changyi descends to the river in Ruoshui. Changyi married the son of Shushan clan, and was called Changpu clan, and he gave birth to Zhuanxu. Zhuanxu married Teng's son, who was called Nu Lu's son, and gave birth to an old child. Lao Tong married the family of Jieshui, and the son of Jieshui was called Gao Bi, who gave birth to Chongli and Wu Hui. "These are supplemented. The records in "Records of the Grand Historian: The Five Emperors" are generally the same: " Huangdi lives in the hills of Xuanyuan and married the daughter of Xiling, and was the ancestor of Laozu. Laozu was the chief concubine of Huangdi and gave birth to two sons. After that, they all had the world: one was Xuan Xiao, which was Qingyang, which descended to the river. The other was Changyi, which descended to the river. Changyi married the daughter of Shushan, and was called Changpu, who gave birth to Gaoyang, and Gaoyang had the virtue of holy. Huangdi died and buried in Qiaoshan. Gao Yang, the son of his grandson Changyi, was the emperor Zhuanxu. Emperor Zhuanxu Gaoyang is the grandson of Huangdi and the son of Changyi. ", "Hai Neijing": "Boling, the grandson of Emperor Yan, Boling and Wu Quan's wife, A daughter, were born in the wife for three years, and she was born in Gu, Yan and Zhu. It is the Marquis, and the drum and Yan are the bells, and the joy of the wind. ”

"The Century of Emperors" records: "The Yuan concubine, the daughter of Xiling, was called Laozu, and she was born and prospered. The second concubine, Fang Lei's daughter, was named Miss Day, and gave birth to Qingyang.The second concubine, the daughter of Tongyu, gave birth to Yigu, and was named Canglin. The second concubine, the mother of the mother, was under the three of them. "; "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors": "Huang Emperor's wife, Lazu, gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi descended to Ruoshui, married the daughter of Shushan clan, and was called Changpu, and gave birth to Gaoyang, ", "Emperor Zhuanxu Gaoyang was the grandson of Huangdi and the son of Changyi." Compared with "Shan Hai Jing", there are many Han Liu and Chong and Li?

"Book of Learning" Volume 9 quotes from "The Century of Emperors": "Zhuanxu, the grandson of Huangdi, the son of Changyi, and the surname Ji. His mother was called Jingpu, a daughter of Shushan, and was the chief concubine of Changyi, and she was called Nushu. At the end of Jintian clan, the Yaoguang star penetrates the moon like a rainbow, touching the palace of Nushu Youfang, and giving birth to Zhuanxu in Ruoshui. "Lüshi Chunqiu·Ancient Music": "Emperor Zhuanxu was born from Ruoshui, and was in real place. He was ascended to the emperor..." These materials all say that Zhuanxu was a descendant of Huangdi, and was unearthed, grew up, and became emperor in Shushan, Ruoshui, and Qiongsang.

The key points of these documents: "Changyi descends to Ruoshui", "Changyi married the daughter of Shushan, and was called Changpu, and gave birth to Gaoyang", "Huangdi collapsed and buried Qiaoshan", "Born from Ruoshui, and was in real place.", combined with "Hai Neijing": "The wife of Emperor Yan, the son of Chishui, listened to Yan's residence, Yan's residence gave birth to the festival, and the festival gave birth to the opera artifact, and the opera artifact was born to Zhurong. Zhurong descends to the river water, and he is born and works together. Gonggongsheng's artifact, the artifact is first and the ground is restored to the river. Gonggong gave birth to Houtu, Houtu gave birth to choke, and choke was born in 12 years." The appearance of "Zhurong descended to the river water, and choke was born to Gonggong. ”. I argued in the article "Research on Changes in the Center of Ancient Civilizations": "'The artist is Zhu Rong. Zhurong descended in the river water, and the production and construction work were carried out. It is not life, but the replacement of tribal leaders. ...Submit, surrender, surrender, surrender. The Zhurong tribe belongs to a powerful tribe. Starting from the Yan Emperor Zhurong, Zhurong’s long qin migrated. Yan Emperor Shennong, Cangjie, and Chiyou were all the leaders of major tribal alliances or leaders of regional alliances. Therefore, between the Yangshao culture (about 5,000 to 7,000 years ago) and the Daxi culture (about 4,400 to 3,300 BC), there is at least 800 years missing. During the period of Emperor Xuanyuan (4513 BC-4053 BC), after winning the battle with Chiyou, Zhurong was partially surrendered to the river, that is, the Yangtze River Basin, far away from the plains. There is also a record in "Shan Hai Jing": "The valley of Chaoyang is called Tian Wu, which is the water Bo." "So, the Daxi culture was formed (it was distributed from central and southern Hubei in the east, east Sichuan in the west, north to the north shore of Dongting Lake, north to the middle reaches of the Han River, mainly concentrated on the two sides of the western part of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. According to the years when radiocarbons were periodized and corrected, it was about 4400 BC to 3300 BC. The main sites are Honghuatao in Yidu, Hubei, Zhijiangguanmiaoshan, and Jiangling Maojiashan, Songzi osmanthus tree, Wangjiagang, Gong'an, Sanyuan Palace and Dingjiagang, Tangjiagang and Huachenggang in Li County, Hunan Province, Tangjiagang and Huachenggang in Anxiang (see Guanmiaoshan ruins and Sanyuan Palace ruins).); Later, the formation of Qujialing cultural age was about 3300 BC-2600 BC BC (distributed in Yichang in the western Yue Dynasty but did not enter Sichuan, north to south to south to Henan (Nanyang area), east to Hubei, south to Dongting Lake. According to its distribution range, it can be divided into four districts: Jianghan Plain District, west Hubei, north Hunan and east Hubei. There are Jingshan Qujialing site, Jingzhou Yinxiangcheng ruins, Shishou Zoumaling site, Zhongxiang Liuhe ruins, Tianmen Dengjiawan, Tanjialing and Xiaojiafangji ruins, etc.) Each migration has a higher cultural level.

However, although some of the Zhurong tribe migrated to "Zhurong descends to the river", that is, "Changyi descends to Ruoshui", then the tribe leader where "Changyi" was originally located became "Changxi", which is still just the name of Zhurong tribe's division.

The civilization center at that time had been transferred to Shandong, and the Daxi culture was also elected by the Zhurong tribe as the tribe leader, managing water and rice planting, and Zhurong and Gonggong formed a marriage tribe alliance; "Changyi married the daughter of Shushan, called Changpu, and gave birth to Gaoyang", and when "Huangdi collapsed and buried Qiaoshan", Zhuanxu returned to Dongyi, "Lüshi Chunqiu·Gule": "Emperor Zhuanxu was born from Ruoshui, and was actually in Kongsand, so he ascended to be the emperor...", Shaohao became the leader of the Zhurong tribe, including the leader of the Dongyi tribe, and finally became the leader of each tribe: "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·The East Classic of Great Wilderness" says: "The big valley outside the East Sea, the country of Shaohao, Shaohao's religiosity, Emperor Zhuanxu, abandoned his zither. If there is a Ganshan Mountain, the Ganyuan, and the Gansu water comes from here." The Huangdi tribe alliance reached the "Nation of Shaohao", that is, the tribe alliance with Shaohao as the leader, and then went to Zhuanxu as the alliance of various tribes. Of course, in order to maintain the orthodox Huangdi, the "Book of the Five Emperors" wrote in "The Records of the Five Emperors": "Huangdi collapsed and buried Qiaoshan. Gao Yang, the son of his grandson Changyi, was established as Emperor Zhuanxu." It is not to say that Chang means "emperor", nor to say that Shaohao is "emperor", and that Chang means emperor, which conflicts with the later orthodox male, and that Shaohao is emperor, is not an embarrassing situation of inheritance of the lineage? Therefore, "Records of the Grand Historian" is also deliberately giving up.

Of course, combined with the Huangdi calendar, we can see that Meiduan: the old Huangdi calendar in China is the "Huangdi Calendar", which is often called "Old Huangdi Calendar" or "Old Huang Calendar". According to the "Han Shu? Lu Lizhi", the oldest calendar in China is the Huangdi Calendar, which was produced on the basis of the Chinese lunar calendar. It is a kind of Yin and Yang calendar with the month of Jianzi (the handle of the Beidou Dou pointes to the month of the winter solstice) as the year. Open the starting point of the sight of the symbol and the time, create the ten heavenly stems and the twelve earthly branches (compose sixty stems and branches), express the yin and yang and five elements, and determine the four seasons with a leap month, which will form the year. Including the movement of the sun, moon, and five stars, calculation of position; determination of stars and moments in the midnight and dan; forecasts of sun and lunar eclipses, etc. It has many calendars that represent the good and bad luck of the day. The ancient calendar of Chinese uses the yin and yang calendar , which is more accurate than the pure solar calendar or pure lunar calendar used in other countries. It is the crystallization of ancient scientific observation and research.

Just imagine, "Records of the Grand Historian: The Three Generations of Generations": "Huangdi gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi gave birth to Zhuanxu." It is not a real lineage, but changes in the calendar and monthly calendar, and changes in the management tribe. Huangdi's birth of Changyi is actually the outstanding contribution made by Changyi, namely the Changyi tribes of Changxi and Zhurong during the period of Huangdi's administration. Therefore, during the Huangdi Alliance period, when it entered the Changyi Alliance period, he was listed as: "Huangdi gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi gave birth to Zhuanxu." This is from the perspective of the calendar: Huangdi's "Old Huangcal" was created by Changyi, and Changyi (Changxi) also created the monthly calendar. By the Zhuanxu period, the Zhurong tribe created the "Zhuanxu Calendar". That is, "Old Almanac"---"Month Calendar"---"Zhuanxu Calendar" is a process of change.

5.2.2. The "Calendar" was created during the Shaohao period

The culture of the Shaohao period was still Zhurong culture as an advanced culture, not representing Dongyi culture. It is also because of Zhurong culture that the witch culture and sacrificial culture were brought to the Dongyi tribe.

During the reign of Shaohao, "Zuo Zhuan. The Twenty-ninth Year of Zhaogong" says: "Shaohao's fourth uncle, called Chong, Jiao, Xu, and Xi." "The Great Wilderness Southern Classic": "Overseas in the east (south) and between the sweet water, there is a country of Xihe, and there is a woman named Xihe, who bathes in Ganyuan. Xihe is the wife of Emperor Jun, who is born ten days." "The Great Wilderness Western Classic": "There is a woman bathing in the moon, and Emperor Jun's wife Chang Xi is born ten two months old, and some people are bathing in the sun," Xihe is the mother of the sun, and Chang Xi is the mother of the moon, and the moon is bathing in the west. "Records of the Grand Historian. Almanac": "The sun returns to the west, and starts to the east; the moon returns to the east, and starts to the west." Bathing in the sun, bathing in the moon is the religious ceremony at that time. "Lüshi Chunqiu" says, "... Xihe made the divination of the sun, Shangyi made the divination of the moon..." Shangyi is a different record of Chang Xi . As officials who divine the sun and the moon, they were deified into the sun and the moon.

In order to distinguish the sun and the moon, Xi and two names are replaced by Xi and the combination of yin and yang, and the myth becomes Shaohao’s two wives? One woman from the Nuwa clan is called "Xihe", and the other woman from the Xiling clan is called "Chang Xi". That's how the myth comes.

Later, "Chang'e Flying to the Moon" and "Houyi Shoots the Sun", shooting Jiuli (Jiu Sun) down as a demon? In ancient times, there were ten suns in the sky (that is, the ten days of the Shaohao period, which was the mother of the sun, and the ten days of birth of Xihe, then Xihe was the Zhurong tribe, belonging to Jiuli), and people could not withstand the high temperature (the climate at that time implies "Jiuli's chaos and virtue"). Houyi was extremely powerful and shot out nine suns (, namely Jiuli, Li, Sun God ). "Huainanzi·Benjingxu" summarizes the story of Dayi shooting the sun: "When it was time to catch Yao, it was released in ten days, scorching crops, killing plants and trees, but the people had no food. The sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred This is to drive Jiuli and Sanmiao to the area around Dongting Lake. Therefore, the bamboo slips unearthed from the Chu Tomb No. 2 Baoshan, Jingmen, Hubei Province have the following records: The ancestors of the Chu people were Lao Tong, Zhurong, and Yu Ting.

Is it really a wife or a tribe? Shaohao ordered Xihe to be the Sunday, and Xi was the month. He used Xuanji Yuheng and Guanguan instruments to observe the laws of the movement of the celestial phenomena and the sun and the moon, adjust the calendar, and guide the production and life of the subjects.

No matter what, it was the beginning of this period that created December. The twelve-month calendar was calculated by Shaohao's "wife" Chang Xi based on observing the changes in the length of the shadow of the wood dial and the law of the moon round and ignition. She believes that the twelve months each year are more in line with the laws of nature, and the twelve months are just in line with the twelve earthly branches, making it easier to record time.

further developed the gossip calendar. Shaohao's twelve-month calendar stipulates that it is 365 days a year. It is December each year, with thirty days per month, totaling 360 days; the Chinese New Year is five days, totaling 365 days.

"Shan Hai Jing·The Great Wilderness Southern Classic" says: "Xihe is the wife of Emperor Jun, who was born ten days." He also wrote the same book "The Great Wilderness Western Classic": "The Emperor Jun's wife Chang Xi, who was born ten days a month." This means that Chang Xi created the twelve-month calendar. This is the creation of the Zhurong tribe's calendar originated from observing astronomical things. From "Old Calendar" to "Month Calendar", it is actually a change in various calendars.

5.2.3, the "Zhuanxu Calendar" was created and reformed

After Zhuanxu obtained the status of leader, he served as the Nanzheng as his "son" Zhong "Zhong" to manage astronomical affairs and grasp the power of witch history; "Li" served as the Beizheng, managing ground affairs, especially approving the calendar and declaring the farming season. After the separation of the affairs of heaven and earth, many superstitious activities of witches were concentrated in the north. The religious reform accelerated social division, the wizard class appeared, theocracy became a privilege, and religious beliefs were standardized. The male and civilians in the country are called "sons of Zhuanxu". They establish a political system according to the patriarchy system and vigorously promote the transformation of society into a patriarchy. "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors": "Emperor Zhuanxu Gaoyang is the grandson of Huangdi and the son of Changyi. Jingyuan is a plan and a clear understanding of affairs; he nourishes materials to serve the earth, carries the time to reflect the sky, controls the righteousness according to ghosts and gods, governs qi and educates, and sincerely sacrifices." According to "Han Shu? Lu Lizhi", the oldest calendar in China is the Huangdi calendar. During the reign of Emperor Zhuanxu, the calendar was revised, and this revised calendar was called Zhuanxu calendar. This calendar still belongs to the ancient four-quarter calendar. It divides the four seasons of the annual calendar according to the celestial phenomena, and uses the Chen star as the main observation star to govern the calendar. "Observe the meeting of the sun and Chen star to govern the position of the Chen star" observes the relationship with the twenty-four constellations in the year, determines the cycle of the sun, the fortune of the four seasons and the concept of the year starting from spring. The four seasons are divided into the spring equinox, the mid-summer summer solstice, the mid-autumn autumn equinox, and the mid-winter winter solstice, among which the sun is 365.24 days; the new moon is 29.53 days; if the 12 new moons are one year, then there is only 354.37 days, which is 10.77 days apart from the solar year; therefore, a leap month is arranged every three years. At the same time, from the beginning of the use of the Huangdi calendar, the stems and branches were used to record the year, month and day. The starting point is at the moment when the winter solstice solar term arrives. This is exactly the half-moon posture of the new day, and it is designated as the Jiazi month and Jiazi day; that Zi hour is Jiazi hour, and this moment is called "Eleventh Yuan".The starting point of the calendar requires an important condition, that is, at three Jiazi moments, the phenomenon of the sun and the moon being combined and the five stars being connected will inevitably appear in the sky. This is the Xinmao year calculated by Huangdi’s calendar. When Emperor Zhuanxu was in power, he recalculated it and modified it to the year of Yimao, and made new arrangements for the month and the leap. Thus, the most scientific ancient calendar in our country was formed - "Zhuanxu Calendar". For the first time, the focus on phenological observation was clearly shifted to astronomical observation, and the solar terms that were scientifically sorted for one year, and mankind entered a new stage of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, Emperor Zhuanxu was respected as the "Cantonese of the Calendar"; "Lüshi Chunqiu" records that Zhuanxu imitated the sound of the Eight Winds and made "Chengyun"; Zhuanxu was diligent in cultivating virtue and paying attention to etiquette and law, and carried out a series of reforms in the country to educate the people, eliminate superstitions, and promote the development of society at that time. Therefore, these bold reforms and reforms to the calendar, Zhurong's "heading down to the sky" made an indelible contribution.

5.2.4, Yao, Shun and Yu, the Xia Dynasty encircled Jiuli and Sanmiao

"Records of the Grand Historian - The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors": Huan Dou advised Gonggong, Yao said no, but the craftsman tried it, Gonggonggong became lustful. The four Yues raised Gun to control the Hongshui River. Yao thought it was impossible, so Yue Qiang asked to try it, but it was useless, so the people were inconvenient. The three Miaos were in chaos in Jianghuai and Jingzhou, so Shun returned to the emperor and asked to work in Youling to change to the Northern Di; let be happy to do it in Chongshan and change to the Southern Barbarians; move 3 Miaos to the Three Breaking Tribes to change to the Western Rong; kill Gun on "Yushan" to change to the Eastern Yi: the four sins are the world subjugated.

The above article discusses: During the Tang Yao period, Xihe was in charge of astronomy, including Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu. "Shangshu Yao Dian": "Yao ordered the four sons of Xihe (Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu) to go to the east, south, west and north, each in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, to follow the Haotian and respect the people's time." "The Century of Emperors" (Yao) "I ordered the fourth sons of Xi Zhong, Xi Shu, He Zhong and He Shu to take charge of the four mountains. The princes had Miao clan, and were in the southern barbarians but were not convinced. Yao conquered him and defeated him in the Pu of Danshui. He then appointed Yin Shou and Xu You as his teacher, and ordered Bo Kui to visit the sound of mountains, rivers, and valleys, and to make six chapters of music. The world was harmonious and the people had nothing to do." "Shangshu Lu Xing" Zheng Xuan's note: "The Miao people were the descendants of Jiuli, and Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, and his son was called Sanmiao." Zheng's note: "There was Miao, the descendants of Jiuli. Zhuanxu used Shaohao to kill Jiuli, and divided his descendants, and became the Sanmiao who lived in Western descent." From then on, it proved that Zhuanxu was not the Jiuli clan, and Xihe and Chongli (at this time, Li were ), which had a prerequisite for Zhuanxu to marry into the Zhurong Chongli tribe. "Mandarin. Chu Yu": "San Miao is the descendant of Jiuli." "After that, San Miao restored the virtues of Jiuli." It belongs to the Yao period, proving the relationship between Zhurong and San Miao. Later, he was in the same tribe.

"Shangshu·Shun Dian": "The flowing together was in Youzhou, laying down the mountain in Chongshan, and fleeing San Miao in Sanwei, killing Gun in Yushan, and all the world was subdued." "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors" wrote: Shun "traveled south, collapsed in the wilderness of Cangwu, and buried in the Jiuyi of Jiangnan, which was Lingling." "Shan Hai Nei Nan Jing" records: "The mountain in Cangwu was buried in Yang, and the emperor was buried in Yin."

"Shangshu·Xia Shu·Yu Gong": " Hai, Dai and Huai are only Xuzhou . Huai and Yi are all wise, Meng and Yu are all craftsmen, and the wilderness is pigs, and the east is flat. Jue earth is red and the tombs, and the plants are gradually covered with grass and trees. Jue land is only the upper middle, and Jue tutu is middle middle. Jue tribute only has five colors of earth, feathers are lying on Xia Zhai, Yi Yang is lonely tung, floating chimes on the Si shore, Huai Yi beads and fish. Jue gu is mysterious and silky. Floating in Huai and Si, reaching in the river (lood). ". Guo Moruo pointed out: "The Yin people have sacrifices when they enter and exit the sun." Among the oracle bone inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty, there are records such as "Xia is in the East Mother, Pump Three, , Dog Three, ", "Jiyou Bu, Gu Zhen, and Dongmu, Jiuniu", "Zhen, Xia is in the East Mother, Sanniu, and "Another". It can be seen that the ritual of "competing with Dongmu" in the Shang Dynasty was very grand. Jing, or to make a liao, the "Oracle Bone Dictionary" interprets it as "the meaning of meeting Pan Chai and sacrificing", which means piled firewood to sacrifice for fire. In "A Summary of the Inscriptions of Yinxu", Chen Jiameng pointed out that the "East Mother" in the inscriptions refers to the sun. Mr. Ding Shan believes that "Dongmu" is an alias for the sun god, and should be Xihe who was born ten days ago in , that is, the sun god . "Xia is Dongmu" means offering sacrifices to the sun with fire.

is visible, and the Zhurong tribe is an observer and manager of astronomical sphere. Master the changes in the four seasons and the arrangement of farming activities. In Zhuanxu, he began to kill Jiuli and became Sanmiao. Yao, Shun and Yu, Sanmiao were in Jianghuai and Jingzhou. Gonggong tribe was in Youling and Northern Di; Huando tribe was in Chongshan and Southern Barbarians; Sanmiao tribe moved to Sanwei and Western Rong; Yugu was called Dongyi in "Yushan".

5.2.5, Emperor Shun died in the wilderness of Cangwu. verified

"Book of Rites·Tan Gong Shang" records: "Shun was buried in the wilderness of Cangwu." So, does Cangwu refer to the ancient Cangwu Kingdom in Hunan or Cangwu County in Guangxi?

Sima Qian (145 BC-90 BC), a historian of the Western Han Dynasty and the third year of Yuanfeng (108 BC), Sima Qian inherited the position of his father Sima Tan, served as the Grand Historian, in charge of astronomy, calendar and royal paintings, so he was able to read books collected by historians. In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), the "Taichu Calendar" was compiled with Tang Du, Luo Xiahong and others to replace the "Zhuanxu Calendar" inherited by Qin. The new calendar adapted to the needs of society at that time. After that, Sima Qian began to write "Records of the Grand Historian".

So, look at the establishment time of Cangwu County, Guangxi: After Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, he began to pacify the Baiyue land in the Lingnan region. In 219 BC, Qin Shihuang sent Tu Sui as the main general and Zhao Tuo as the deputy general to lead an army of 500,000 to pacify Lingnan. Tu Sui was killed by the locals because of his indiscriminate killing of innocent people. "Huainanzi" records: "...and all the people of Yue entered the conglomerate and the beasts, and they were not willing to be the Qin enemy. They set Jie Jun as a general, but attacked the Qin people at night, defeated them, killed Wei Tu Ju, buried the corpse and bleed hundreds of thousands, and then sent them to prepare for it." From this passage, it can be seen that after the Baiyue Army retreated into the mountains and forests, they attacked the Qin army at night, killed the Qin generals, and buried hundreds of thousands of Qin army. Where is this? It is the "Xiaohe Ancient Road" in the area bordering Hunan and Guangxi, and it is also the Cangwu field where Emperor Shun died in battle. Finally, Qin Shihuang adjusted his strategy and built Ling Canal to solve the problem of grain transport; at the same time, he sent more reinforcements, with Ren Xiao as the head commander and Zhao Tuo as the deputy commander, and then fought south again. After four years of hard work, Lingnan was pacified in 214 BC. Qin Shihuang reappointed Ren Xiao as the main general and led a large army to pacify Yue territory with Zhao Tuo. After four years of hard work, in 214 BC, Lingnan finally successfully entered the territory of the Qin Dynasty. Qin Shihuang took Baiyue in the south and established three counties: Nanhai, Guilin and Xiangjun. The county belongs to Guilin County (some say Nanhai County). The jurisdiction of Nanhai County is located in the southeast, bordering the South China Sea, to the west, and to the present Hezhou, Guangxi, and to the north, it connects to Nanling, including part of the current eastern, northern, central and western Guangdong. It has jurisdiction over four counties: Panyu, Longchuan, Boluo and Sihui (according to the "Book of Han", the county is under Panyu. ...At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo attacked Guilin and Xiangjun with force, established the Nanyue Kingdom, and called himself "King of Wu of Nanyue". In the fifth year of Gaohou of the Western Han Dynasty (183 BC), Zhao Tuo called Emperor Wu of Nanyue and named Zhao Guang the King of Cangwu . In the same year, Cangwu Royal City was built. In the autumn of the fifth year of Yuanding (112 BC), Emperor Wu of Han dispatched a total of 100,000 sailors south of the Jianghuai River and divided into five groups to attack Nanyue. The first route, Weiwei Lu Bode, was General Fubo, and led his troops from Guiyang, Changsha (now in Hunan) to the Huangshui River; the second route, Yang Pu, was the general of Louchuan, and went to Yuzhang County (now in Jiangxi) and went straight to Hengpu; the third and fourth routes of were the two Nanyue people who surrendered to the Han Dynasty and were General Xia Li, and led their troops out of Lingling (now in Hunan), and then went straight to Lishui River (now in Guangxi), and the first army went straight to Cangwu (now in Guangxi); the fifth route, using the sinners of Chiyi Hou to mobilize the army of Yelang Kingdom and went straight to Kejiang. The war was very fierce and lasted for a year until the winter of the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC). After Emperor Wu of Han pacified Nanyue, the Han Dynasty divided Nanyue into nine counties: Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, Rinan, Dan'er and Zhuya. In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), after Emperor Wu of Han destroyed the Nanyue Kingdom, he divided seven counties on his original land: Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, and Rinan, including most of the current Guangxi, Guangdong, to Jiangyong County, Hunan, and to the vast area of Hue City, Vietnam in the north. Cangwu County is the capital of Cangwu King City, Guangxin County.

In other words, the establishment of Cangwu County in Guangxi, Lingnan in the Han Dynasty was earlier than the "Records of the Grand Historian" written by Sima Qian; Hong Xingzu (1090-1155) passed the imperial examination in the eighth year of Zhenghe of the Song Dynasty (1118).后被召试秘书省正字，专掌图书及校勘典籍，后迁太常博士。绍兴二十四年(1154年)编管昭州(广西平乐县)。洪兴祖《楚辞补注》引如淳曰：“舜葬九疑，九疑在苍梧冯乘县，故或曰舜葬苍梧也。”。 Feng Cheng County was established in the early Western Han Dynasty and belonged to Cangwu County, Jiaozhou.县治于深平城，即今湖南省江华瑶族自治县涛圩镇连山脚村（公路交通与当今广西距离不足30公里，实际最近距离就是山岭两侧，距离不足10公里），县域包括今湖南省江华瑶族自治县大部、广西壮族自治区富川瑶族自治县东部。北宋开宝四年(971)废，东境归江华县，西境入富川县。 Fengcheng County lasted about 1,100 years.

1972年，长沙马王堆三号汉墓出土的帛书地图，所绘主区域为潇水中上游地区，即今永州市南部六县的范围。地图上清楚地画着九条柱状物，柱后有建筑物，旁注“帝舜”二字。这是迄今为止我们见到的最早的关于确证舜葬九疑的实物资料。这两幅帛书地图是于公元前168年随墓主人埋入地下的，比司马迁出生时间要早至少33年！ 2002至2004年，湖南考古研究所在九疑山玉琯岩进行了三次考古发掘，发现了秦汉至宋元时期的舜帝陵庙，与马王堆帛书地图标注的地点完全一致。

结合分析，我认为死亡地点与安葬地点不同地方。死亡在汉代的苍梧郡冯乘县一带，安葬则位于九嶷山（零陵）。

2015年10月10日11:42

图片来源于网络

【附注】：秦时岭南"新道"潇贺古道的冯乘（富川，富川原治所在今钟山）的谢沐关道又叫世睦关，莫邪关，秦始皇三十三年(公元214年)统一岭南后设桂林、南海、象郡三郡，富川属南海郡地。 Because Fuchuan is the water and land transportation hub of Xiaohe Ancient Road, when the Western Han Dynasty expanded the Qin Dynasty to a "Chu and Guangdong thoroughfare", it moved the ancient road from Fuchuan to Yuankou eastward, so that it diverted from Qingshankou (Gepo) in Fengcheng County to Xiemu County to Daozhou, and merged with Xiaohe Ancient Road from Qingshankou, Mailing Prefecture, and Yuanjiang. It also built a Xiongguan at the Xiaoshui Gorge at the Xipassou at Dapengling, northwest of Fengcheng County (now Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County), called Xiemu Pass.它西连龙虎关，东接宝剑寨(富川的石砚、龙窝一带具体地点待考)。关内有谢水、沐水两河汇流，故称为"谢沐"，当地土著也有人将其关名倒置，称"沐谢关"，《宋史》还因之把它记为"莫邪关"。《宋史·列传》中记载:宋绍兴二年(1132年)，岳飞兵伐富川追剿遭成，在关前宋军与曹成兵血战，双方伤亡惨重，最后"岳飞破曹成，入莫邪关"。到了明代，谢沐关被称为"雄关"，在关的东西进口分设岩口营和白象营，驻兵守关。明末张献部将曹志建拥兵关上，更其名为"凤凰关"，清代称之为小水峡汛，派重兵把守，防卫极严，清《富川县志》称之为"小水固西北之金汤"，富川(冯乘)作为潇贺古道的水陆两路交通枢纽，历来是兵家必争之地，谢沐关雄镇一方，在它的关内外也曾5发生过很多激烈而残酷的战斗。 In the fifth year of Yuanding in the Han Dynasty (112 BC), Tian Jia, the Marquis of Guiyi, led his army from Fuchuan to Cangwu south. One of them fought fiercely with the local Fengjun at Xiemu Pass; in the fourth year of Wude of Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty (621 AD), Li Jing sent troops from Sichuan to defeat Liang Emperor Xiao Xian, "from Yiling (now Wuchang, Hubei) to Fuchuan to Guizhou (Guilin), and stationed in Huangshaling", and fought bloody battles with the Liang army at Xiemu Pass (see Qianlong's edition of "Fuchuan County Chronicles"); in August of the third year of Kaibao in the Song Dynasty (970 AD), "Pan Mei attacked the Southern Han Dynasty, advanced from Daozhou, followed by Baixiang", "advanced to Fuchuan", and Xiemu Pass also fought (see Daoguang's "Yongming County Chronicles" Volume 10).由此可见，谢沐关作为古道雄镇、古代边关，曾在历朝历代的军事防御、治安守卫等方面起到过巨大作用。

秦始皇部队50万死伤30万应该在此关上，包括舜帝应该死于此地。秦朝时期，在富川（治所在今钟山）、桂林兴安两地进行了最为剧烈的“秦瓯战争”，两路进攻西瓯，一路由萌渚岭进入广西贺县，一路经越城岭取广西桂林及其以南地区，这两路军队因受到西瓯人的顽强抵抗，尉屠雎战死，大将尉屠雎率军五十万，死亡30万。《淮南子·人间训》：“于是陈胜起于大泽，奋臂大呼，天下席卷，而至于戏。刘、项兴义兵随，而定若折槁振落，遂失天下。祸在备胡而利越也。欲知筑修城以备亡，不知筑修城之所以亡也，发适戍以备越，而不知难之从中发也”。公元前209年，陈胜、吴广在中原揭竿起义，秦王朝迅速陷入解体状态，《淮南子·人间训》：“ 亡秦者，胡也。”。赵佗割据岭南，把中原的语言与南越的语言交流后形成的语言稳定下来。秦始皇久攻不下，改从兴安，打通漓江在兴安通过灵渠又跟湖南的湘江连通。 Only then can the Lingnan be unified.

冯乘，西汉元鼎六年（公元前111），置冯乘县，属苍梧郡，县治在深平城（今江华瑶族自治县涛圩镇连山脚村）；隋开皇九年（589），冯乘县改属永州总管府。 唐武德四年（621），析冯乘县置江华县，属营州（道州）。因其治所设在寒亭（今江华沱江镇老县村）之北、阳华岩之南，故名江华。北宋开宝四年(971)废，东境归江华县，西境入富川县。 Fengcheng County lasted about 1,100 years.

富川县：春秋、战国时期，今县地属楚越交界之地。秦始皇三十三年(公元前214年)，秦统一岭南，置桂林、南海、象郡，县地属南海郡。汉高祖三年(公元前204年)属南越国桂林郡。汉元鼎六年(公元前111年)，今县境始置冯乘、富川县，同属交趾刺史部苍梧郡。宋大观二年(1108年)五月，富川改属广南西路贺州。 In the ninth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1376), Fuchuan County belonged to Hezhou.洪武十年(1377年)五月，富川县改属浔州府，后属平乐府。洪武二十九年(1396年)十一月，富川县治所从钟山镇迁至灵亭乡，即今富阳镇内的明富川县城。

And "Shuowen": ", old, old, ." "Records of the Grand Historian: Biography of General Wei's Cavalry" "Chi Ming", Suo Yin: "Li, hei." "Zuo Zhuan·Xuan Twelve": "Qi is ignorant." "Chu Ci·Nine Chapters·Huaisha": "The sun is ignorant and is about to be dusk." Wang's note: "Qi is ignorant." "Shuowen": "Ye (original character is added to the right of the sun), the sky is gloomy." "Xiao Erya·Guanggu"; "Ye is ignorant." It is the same as Li and Mei. And Yi, Shi Yi, Qi, and Li sounds are the same. Li is also related to the West; it shows that Chongqing Li began to appear during the observation of the sun. As time goes by, the changes in the tribe leader leads, and there are many names of one gods. However, the eastern and western sun gods were the main line of understanding the ancient times.
Dong Jianhuo evolved into the Eastern Sun God, the fire was burning, the wind blew, and it evolved into Zhurong. In the morning, the sun rises from the east, and in the night, the sun sets from the west. Human beings first to understand the east and west directions, and with the opposite unity of the east and west directions, yang and yin, ascending and descending, up and down, light and dark, cold and heat, heaven and earth, high and low, big and small, etc., one yin and one yang are called Tao, and they are endless and everything changes day by day. Use the method of "dividing into two" to analyze the essence of things. The changes in "sun" summarize the two seasons of cold and heat, the correspondence between sun and moon, and the needs of life to pay attention to the appearance of sun and moon. He gradually determined the four directions of the east and west, and proposed the concept of "two-part two-way". "Yin and Yang are the way of heaven and earth, the discipline of all things, the parents of change, the beginning of life and death, and the transformation of gods."; mutual transformation can occur between yin and yang, "extreme cold produces heat, extreme heat produces cold, cold air produces turbidity, and hot air produces clear." Later called "Tai Chi produces Liangyi". The "Yin and Yang Theory" reveals the causal relationship in nature, is the earliest simple materialist view, reflecting the philosophical wisdom of the Zhurong tribe, and the unification and struggle between the two sides of the contradictions of things to promote the movement, change and development of things, and the simple dialectical idea contained. "Dual cultures" are opposed to each other, interdependent, and coexist in conflict. This is the dialectics of nature, both attraction and opposition.
The rise and fall of the sun is combined with the life of the primitive tribe. With rice planting, plowing is Li, which belongs to the land to cultivate, and hunting up high mountains is divided into: Chongqing Li is a unity of two different directions, so it can be subdivided into Chongqing and Li. Li and Li ancient characters are connected, "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Erjiu": "Zhuanxu's son said Li lí (the original character is the traditional character of li), which is Zhurong." lí (the original character is the traditional character of li), Li gutong. Hao Yixing said: "Records of the Grand Historian, the Five Emperors' Records, Suoyin quoted Huangfu Mi: 'Huang Emperor sent Yinglong to kill Chiyou in the valley of evil li.' That's it. Li and li ancient characters are all the same."
For time needs, the earliest astronomical observations appear from the shadow of the object illuminated by the sun. Therefore, the above discussion appeared: Chong is the Eastern Sun God, whose duty is to escort the sun from the Fusang tree to the sky, and its movement is vertical ascent; Li is the Western Sun God, whose duty is to welcome the sun from Ruomu (or thin willow) to dive into the underground, and its movement is vertical ascent. Use the sunrise direction to determine the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, use the sun to measure the sun shadow to determine the summer solstice and winter solstice...
Then, the old, old, the evening, the sun sets and plows on the ground will naturally be related. See the above text "The sun is ignorant and is about to be ignorant." "The sun is ignorant." " is ignorant and old is ." Li Yinli, is ignorant and the cloud is ignorant, and the cloud is "merged" . Li means Li Zhu. Chongqing Li, recorded as Zhongli, is recorded as "Zhongli" and "Zhongli". The tribal entity represented by the name of Chongqing Li should be the legitimate descendant of Zhurong tribe. The character "Rong" in is pronounced as "Li", and the name of Chongqing Li evolved into "Jiuli". also evolved later: the character "Zhu" is homophonetic to "Zhu", and the pronunciation of "Long" is similar to "Rong". "Zhulong" can be regarded as a homophone for "Zhurong",
A Western god in oracle bone inscriptions and "Shan Hai Jing": Yi (Yi). "The West is called Wei, and Feng is called Yi." ("Collected Oracle Bone Inscriptions" 14294); "Zhen, the emperor called Yi in the West, and Feng is called Wei." ("Combination of Yin Xu's Words" 261), the divine name of "Shan Hai Jing" is different from Yi Yi, but the two characters are all written in the ancient version. "Book of Rites: Mingtang Tai": "Guan Zun, the descendants of Xia used Ji Yi." Zheng's note: "Yi, read as Yi.", "Yi Rong Binfu" "Yi Yuanpi Stele", Yixi is Yixi. "Shan Hai Jing·The Great Wilderness West Classic": "There is a god... called Shu. ...The emperor ordered the emperor to offer his respect to heaven and ordered Li Qiong to go down to the ground. He was in the western extreme. "Shush, Guo's note: "Shish, crying." "Wang Niansun's "sound" was written by Sun Yirang. Sun Yirang said: "Shh should be choking." The following text says, "The lower earth means choking", which means inheriting this article and recording the dynasty. "Master Yuan Ke's note: "This is the shush in the above text. "Looking at this ya" is at the western tip, and the journey of the sun, moon, stars," is also known as the same legendary division as Shi Yi in the "Great Wilderness West Classic" "located in the northwest corner to control the length of the sun, moon," and it is obvious that it is differentiated in the same legend. ya and Xi (accomplished by Wang Niansun) are also the sound of Shi Yi and . ya, suspected to be regarded as (the original character is the right part of the sun), and the shape is caused by the similarity. The above article discusses the synonyms of " ya, Yi, Shi Yi, Qi, Li" pronunciation, and they are both Western sun gods. Then, Li, Li, Li, and Yun are connected to the false, and the yin pronunciation is "merged", which is the same as Yi, Shi Yi, Qi, and Li pronunciation. "Shan Hai Jing·The Three Classics of Xici": "There is another two hundred and ninety miles west of the west (the original character is the left part of the river and the right part of the right part of the river) mountain, Shen Ru Suo lives... This is a mountain, looking west where the sun enters, its qi is the place where the sun enters, and its qi is the place where the sun is controlled. "Hao Yixing's note: "The red light is probably Rushou. "The Three Classics of the West": "Another two hundred miles west, it is called Changliu Mountain. The god Baidi Shaohao lives... In fact, only the palace of Yuanshen (original name is Shiyou and Gui). This is a god, and the main commands the opposite scenery. "Guo's note: "When the sun enters west, the scenery turns to the east, and the chief inspects it. ”. Therefore, the clergy of Hongguang and Yuanshen is consistent with the clergy of Shiyi and Yezhi.
Therefore, the sun gods in the east and west have the same pronunciation and similar writing and the same definitions, and the same definitions appear. From then on, they distinguish between east and west, sky and earth, ascending and descending, representing sun gods in different directions. The titles are either combined or divided.
In the inscriptions, there are only "East Mother" and "Western Mother", and no titles of "Southern Mother" or "Northern Mother" have been found so far, which implies that the earliest concept of spatial orientation of the original citizens was composed of two directions, namely the East and the West. Since human society first entered the matriarchal social period, all the original great gods were female gods without exception. The inverted term for "East Mother", the first is: Analysis (Inscription), Zhedan and Xihe (Shan Hai Jing). 》), Taizhe ("Book of Rites"). One is: the Mother of the East (Inscriptions), the Girl (Silk Book of Chu), Chong ("Shan Hai Jing"), the Donghuang and the Dongjun ("Chu Ci"). The second is: the process of the evolution of the Eastern Sun God from a female god to a male god.
Tomb M45 was discovered at the Xishuipo site in Puyang, Henan in 1987, The Silk Book of Chu briefly describes the birth of Fuxi with four sons Fuxi's four sons: "Zhong, Gai, Li, Xi" (Wang Dayou (2004) explained the four sons as "Zhong, Gai, Xiu, Xi", or "Xi, He, Chong, Li".) . Fuxi's four sons (in fact, it should be the main tribe, not Sheng. Which tomb owner is not Fuxi. But the tribe leader.) Go to four different directions to measure the sky. Then, the "four dimensions" were added to formulate various rules for determining the time and day (calendar). Tomb The southern part of the pit is round and the northern part is square. The head of the tomb is facing south. On the east and west sides of the skeleton, there are dragon and tiger patterns carefully shaped with clam shells. There is no Nangong Zhuque or Beigong Xuanwu. Coincidentally, the lacquer box unearthed from Zeng Houyi's tomb is also painted with only the eastern Canglong and Western White Tigers; Taizhang and Shuhai Geodes were originally from the East to the West. "Shan Hai Jing·Overseas East": "The emperor ordered Shuhai to step from the East to the West to the West. "In "Huainanzi·Topographic Chapter", it became: "Yu sent Taizhang to step from the east pole to the west pole... sent to pass Hai, and from the north pole to the south pole . "It can be seen that the north and south directions are later concepts. In fact, Taizhang and Shuhai should be the sun gods in the east and west. Zhang should be the children, and their shapes are similar to those of the "Lao Tong" in "The Great Wilderness West Classic", "Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Chu" is written as "volume chapter", Qiao Zhou said: "Lao Tong is the volume chapter. "Zhangshan" in "Shanhai Jing·Zhongshan Jing", Guo's note: "Or it is a Tongshan." "; Volume 467 of "Taiping Guangji" "Li Tang" quotes the "Zhanglu" in "Rongmu Lanchao", Volume 56 "Madam Yunhua" quotes the "Children's Law" in "Jixianlu" and can be proved. The characters Tong, Chong, and Donggu are the characters Tong, and the Huhai is also the differentiation of and .Therefore, Taizhang and Huhai steps from the east to the west are actually anthropomorphic statements that the sun moves from east to west.
"Shuhai is also the differentiation of " proves that the differentiation of "ha" comes from "hai", which is "Shuowen": " Hai is pig , the same as pig."
There is "East Mother" in the Chu silk book, which is the eastern sun god; the Chu silk book unearthed from the Changsha bullet warehouse contains records of the "girl" of the ancestor of the Chu people. The divine nature of the Western mother is the same as the Eastern mother, and they are both the sun goddess, but one in the east and the other in the west.
2.4, the changes in Chongqing Li and the common falsehood of Li and Xi
I discussed in "Ancient Humans' Understanding of Geographical Directions": During the period of Fuxi and Nuwa, Fuxi had four sons, Xi, He, Chong and Li. Some say it is heavy, it should be cultivated and motivated. In fact, it is not four sons, it refers to four main tribes. But it is actually Zhurong, a tribe. Why? "Biography" says: "Chun means Xi, Li means He" , which means "Xihe" is the new name of Chongqing Li. Fuxi, also known as Mixi, Bao Xi, and Fu Xi, are also known as Sacrifice Emperor and Huang Xi. Since "chong means Xi, Li means He", it can be seen that Fuxi originated from Chong and was a change in the name of the leader of Chongli. In the Shaohao period, the 29th year of Zhaogong of Zuo Zhuan said: "Shaohao's family had four uncles: Chong, Gai, Xiu, and Xi." The so-called "Four uncles" are actually, the changes in "We should come to Xiu, Xi, Xi and He" and Chongqing Li reflect the level of agricultural, seasonal and astronomical observations in different periods.
The general meaning of the text of the silk book is: " At the beginning of the creation of the world, the heaven and earth were invisible (digging) and the wind and rain were heavy, and Fuxi married Nuwa, the son of ##□, and gave birth to four sons to assist Yu and Qiping the water and soil (Si Du, that is, the official who controls the water and water). At that time, the wind and rain were shaking, floods were flooded (the tearful abyss), the nine states were uneven, and the world was in chaos, and there was no sun or moon. The four sons (Four Gods) established the four to (Four Poles) to support the sky and measure the time by step. Later, they were sorted out by Yan Emperor, Zhurong, Emperor Gong, Gonggong and others, and the journey of the sun and the moon was divided into four seasons, and finally completed the creation work ." The four sons of Fuxi were removed and regarded as the Yu and Qi period, which was understood as: the four major tribes of the Fuxi period "Zhong, Gai, Li, Xi". After many compilation by Yan Emperor, Yan Emperor Zhurong, Di Gu (Jun), Gonggong and others, the later Yu and Qi period, with the assistance of "Zhong, He, Li, and Xi", the improvement of the calendar was finally completed.
2.4.1, Xi, Xi (and)
, if you want to say "Li, Xi", it involves humans capturing animals. Xi: "Guangyun" Xu Jiqi, "Jiyun" and "Yunhui" are in vain and sacrificial. "Shuowen" means Qi. Follow Xi, the sound of righteousness. According to Yishi Ci, it is made into package and sacrificial . The text says: Baoben is also used as a chef, Meng Jing is used as a Fu. is also called Xi, Meng Jing plays. Cook: cooking, cook (the name of the official in Zhou Li. The belonging of the heavenly official, is in charge of food. It refers to the chef); cook (the chief in charge of food); cook (the chef. kitchen worker); cook Yan (the chef and gatekeeper)
Xi, explained according to the character "Li Ding". Understand. from sheep, from "花", from . "Sheep" originally refers to sheep or flock, which is extended to refer to "Sheep follow people" and "Sheep follow people's wishes". "Hege" means that "the crops are arranged neatly like the military phalanx" (see the analysis of similar structural words such as "花" and "花" in this encyclopedia). "And" refers to "experienced storms". "Hege" and "Yu" combine to mean "neatly arranged crops grow in the wind and rain." "Sheep" and "Hege" unite to mean that "cquires in the wind and rain grow according to people's will." Original meaning: Spring and summer Crops grow along with people's will. A reasonable and credible explanation can also be given to the "sacrifice" of "sacrifice". The traditional Chinese word "sacrificial" comes from Niu Congxi, and its original meaning is "a cow with pure fur color". "Xi" means "the crops are as uniform as military formations", and the characteristic of solid-colored cows is that they are uniform in color. The meaning of the character "Sacrifice" is obviously rooted in the character "Xi" contained in the traditional Chinese character "Sacrifice". Sacrifice means animals.
If this definition is difficult to connect with primitive tribal life, then it is related to it. It is concluded that this period has entered the stage of animal domestication. The "Silk Book" briefly describes that Fuxi gave birth to four sons, "Zhong, Jiao, Li and Xi".Fuxi ordered the four sons to go to four different directions to measure the sky, and each proposed his own data to formulate the calendar. It took more than a thousand years to complete the Taichu calendar of the Shangyuan Yuan and promulgate it. Later, when the flood was encountered, the original observation system was destroyed. The Fuxi tribe left the descendants of the Four Sons of Kunlun Mountain to re-correct the already deviated Heavenly Dao Operating System, and established a new observation center with five directions and five elements in the newly relocated area. "Huainanzi·Shi Zexun" records: "The extreme of the east is from Jieshi Mountain, passing through Korea, Taibaigao, and Jumang's management is 1,200 miles." Gao Yu's note: "Taibaigao and Fuxi are the emperor of the Eastern Wood De; Jumang is the Wood God." Fuxi respected the Eastern Emperor among the Five Emperors, and this is his priesthood. Therefore, the names of four directions, four seasons, four tribes, etc. were popular at that time. For example, Zhurong, Fuxi, Nuwa, and Gonggong, are clans that worship nature, both Japanese, moon, water, and fire. The five elements have not yet been formed.
"Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong" says: "Mu Zheng is called Jumang, Fire is called Zhurong, Jin is called Rushou, Water is called Xuanming, and Earth is called Houtu." It can be seen that the five elements are prevalent. "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong": "Shaohao's four uncles, called Chong, Ji, Xi, and Xi. can actually be used as metal, wood and water. Chong is Goomang, Ji is Rushou, and Xi is Xuanming. Zhuanxu's son has a son named Li, and Zhurong. Gonggong's son named Goulong, and is Houtu. These five sons were born as officials of the Five Elements, and after their death, they were given to sacrifice to the gods of the Five Elements." asked: "It is in "Monthly Order" 'The god Houtu', and the note says: 'Zhuxu's son Li was also an official of the Houtu official', Kong Yingda said: 'Goulong was originally Houtu, and later became a god of society. There was a quid in Houtu, and Li was also associated with it', why?" Answered: "Kang Cheng lost it in front of him, and Yingda favored it in the back, which was not the case. According to Zuo Zhuan, it said: 'Goulong was originally Houtu, and later became a god of society. There was a que, and Li was combined with it', why?" The dragon is Houtu, and Houtu is a society. It is a person who is one person who is given two sacrifices, which is not called a transformation into a society god. "The Moon Order" The earth is the god of the five elements, and Goulong is matched with it, which is combined with Zuo Zhuanwen. But Kang Cheng used Li to combine it, which is not a mistake." He asked again, "The Chu Yu said: "Zhuanxu ordered Nanzheng to reign the heaven, and Huo Zheng Li to control the earth." Since Li had once controlled the earth, why can't it be matched with earth?" He replied, "Li's command of the earth and his duties are not due to the earth. If Li can match the earth, then the heavy can also match the heaven and the fire is the fire. Kang Cheng still used the same as the earth. How could he not match the earth? Now, according to Zuo, Goulong is paired with two sacrifices, isn’t it appropriate?” He asked again: “Goumang, Zhurong and others are all the names of the five elements. is the name of Chongli, and they are all human and ghosts. Why is called the same?” He answered: “These five sons can contribute their achievements and give them to others. is similar to ghosts and gods, so they can be called the same. It is also like the emperor’s gods, and the king’s virtues are the same as heaven, so they can also be called the emperor, which is the meaning.”; “The Records of the Collection of Sages and Sages”: “The four uncles of the Right Shaohao are actually able to be metal, wood and water. If Chong is called Goumang, it should be Rushou, and Xun is Xuanming, and he will not lose his duties in the world, so he will help the poor and mulberry. See Cai Moci in Zuo Zhuan. Xi Zhong. Xi Shu. He Zhong. He Shu.”
According to the legend of Tang Yao, Xihe was a family in charge of astronomy, including Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu. "Shangshu·Yao Dian": "Yao ordered the four sons of Xihe (Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu) to go to the east, south, west and north, each in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, to follow the Haotian and respect the people's time." "The Century of Emperors" (Yao) "I ordered the four sons of Xi Zhong, Xi Shu, He Zhong and He Shu to take charge of the four mountains. The princes had Miao family, but were not convinced. Yao conquered him and defeated him in Danshui Pu. He then took Yin Shou and Xu You as his teacher, and ordered Bo Kui to visit the sound of mountains, rivers, valleys and music, and to make six chapters. The world was harmonious and the people had nothing to do."
From the above, we can see that the four major tribes of Zhurong, such as Fuxi, Nuwa, Shaohao, and Emperor Yao, were all used as the center of astronomical observation.
2.4.2, Li, Zhi, Xiu (玉文), , Huan, Dan
Why did you add more Xi (玉) and Xi (玉) from Chong and Li, and have "玉 (玉)"?
"Records of the Grand Historian·Lu Shu": "Hai is the right thing. It means that yang energy is stored below, so it is the right thing." "Shi Name·Shi Tian": " Hai is the core , collecting all things", which is the same as Du's note "Rushou".The ancient version of Hai and Pi is one word. "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Erjiu": "It should be Rushou." Du's note: "The autumn things can be destroyed and can be collected, and the sacrifice should be given." "Shuowen": " Hai is pig , which is the same as pig." Duan's note: "The ancient text of the two seal scripts is actually one word." "Lunheng·Word Strategy": "Hai is pig." "Lu Lan·Cha Chuan" records the stories of "three pigs" that are "Ji Hai", which can all be proved. Pig, Qi, Li, Yi, jade cut and tied to fifteen parts, so the examples are all changed.
he, ancient pronunciation Huan , "Book of Yu Gong" "heyi 's basic record", "Shui Jing·Huan Shui Notes" quotes Zheng Xuan: "He reads it is called Huan." "Shuowen": "Huan is a post-post." Duan's note quotes Ruchun: "The common saying of Chen and Song dynasties is like harmony, but now it is called Hebiao." Huan and Dan rhymes are the same, Duan Yucai is the same in the 14th part, and the examples of the two characters are translated. "Shan Hai Jing·The East Classic of Great Wilderness": "In the Great Wilderness, there is a mountain called Ju Ling in the sky, the East, and the Li Li, where the sun and the moon come out. (There is a god) called Zhe Dan - the east is called Zhe, and the wind is called Jun - the wind is at the east is to go in and out." Some scholars pointed out: "For example, in "Shan Hai Jing·Overseas Nan Jing", "huān-yi (the original character is Huan) Zhu" and "Dan Zhu" are the same person as the same person." The sounds of huān and dan are turned, while the sounds of huān and huan are the same. This can also prove that Huan (he) and dan have a way to turn . It can be seen that Xidan was originally the mother of the Eastern Sun God Xihe . It is located on the easternmost mountain and manages the rise of the sun and the moon. It can be regarded as the replacement and deformation of Xihe managing the sun myth on the Fusang tree.
"Book of Rites·Monthly Order" Zheng Xuan's note: "Rushou, the son of Shaohao (original name was Baiyou Jiagao) was called Ji, and he was a Jin official." Ji, whose first name was Hai, "Chu Ci·Tianwen": "Jiang Ji De." The oracle, "Ancient Bamboo Book Anniversary" and "Shan Hai Jing·Dahuang East Classic" were also called "Wang Hai", which can be proved. Therefore, Rushou and Li are also differentiated by one god. Because the ancient characters of Hai and Pi are the same as those of the ancient ones, the Western gods (beasts) are also sealed pigs in addition to the White Tiger in the West Palace that everyone knows.
means: the (sum) is Hai and Pig. Then, Xi, that is, sheep (combined with "Guoyu·Jin Yu IV"; "Shaodian married Youjiao and gave birth to Huangdi and Yandi. Huangdi was formed by Jishui, and Yandi was formed by Jiang water. He achieved great virtue, so Huangdi was called Ji and Yandi was called Jiang" in the past. "Guoyu·Lu Yu": "Lishan was called Yandi"), of course, it may also be synonyms for cattle and sheep. It proves to be the stage of domestication of animals.
"Huainanzi·Bird Sutra": "Feng Xi (xī).", 号 snakes are harmed by the people", then 号 snakes are 号 snakes. 电州 (pronounced su is black snake or black snake), also with Xiu, You, Di Xiu, Di You, Di You or Di Jing are black snake tribes. In ancient times, "Kan" means tiger , and You Kan's article is also called tiger 1 tiger (sonic speed or fertilization), tiger twig combined, indicating that the snake tribe and the descendants of Nuwa are together, the Nuwa tribe is abbreviated as Nuwa tribe. tribe, black snake, the tribe of Nuwa descendants is the Black Tiger tribe, and the Black Tiger tribe is also called 百 (sound 百). These all come from the word "蒙" and the pronunciation of "Li" (demonstrated in detail below), and Li is also added, which is the origin of the Jiuli tribe. Nine is both a snake and a nine. , therefore also known as Jiuli clan and Jiuli clan. It is related to the name of "Zhujiu" (Zhurong, at this time, the flames that appeared in Zhurong's fire turned into birds and fire phoenixes), and evolved into the name of "Chiyou" and "Zhuanxu" tribe leader . Therefore, Chiyou also became the leader of Zhurong tribe, and the black snake branch of Dongyi people Fang Yangyi and Fengyi. Dongyi also belongs to the differentiation of Zhurong tribe, and merges with subsequent migrations. "Records of the Grand Historian·Book of Qin" says: "The ancestor of Qin, the grandson of Emperor Zhuanxu was called Nu Xiu";
2.4.3, from domestication of meat animals to domestication of fur animals
①, sealed pigs are big pigs: "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Erba": "In the past, a family still gave birth to a daughter, and the original character was black and very beautiful, and can be seen, and it is called Xuan Wife. Le Zheng Hou Kui took it, and he gave birth to , Bo Feng, which actually had pig heart , greed (original character is fast, the left part and right part) is insatiable, and angrily (lèi, the original character is rice, plus string right and page) is insatiable, which is called Feng Pig. "Du's note: "Feng is great." "Then the big seal is the big pig.What big is that?
②, Pig Tiger fight: "Shuowen": "(The original character is the right half of the quin), Dou Xiang attached the picture (holding) is not understood. Pig Tiger fight, and the fighting is not abandoned." That is, the fate of a divine beast Feng Pi is becoming more and more unbearable, and it becomes an evil god shot by Houyi and steamed into meat paste and presented to God (Note: "Chu Ci Tianwen": "Feng Li Jue (the original character is the right part of the king's right acceleration), and Feng Xixi (the original character is the right part of the pig's right gallery). ") It is shooting, how can we offer steamed meat paste, but the emperor is not as good as the emperor. "From the Houyi period, it belongs to the Emperor's period. It is not the early Shaohao period.
③, which means Hai, which means pig: 日xī means pig, "Huainanzi·Benjing Pian": "Fengfeng (xī). ”, , , snakes are all harmful to the people”, high notes: “Father Feng (xī), a big pig, the Chu people called pigs Feng xī.”). In this way, White Tiger has the upper hand and becomes the divine beast of the West Palace. However, the Western autumn god Rushou (, namely Hai, namely Pig ) still has the shape of both a tiger and a pig. "Shan Hai Jing·Overseas West Classic": "In the West, there is a snake on the left ear of , and rides on two dragons." Guo's note: "The god of gold is; the human face, tiger claws, white hair, and holds axe." "Chu Ci·Big Trick": "The soul is in the west, and the quicksand in the west is covered with a scattered sand; pig's head is vertically on the left ear." Wang Yi's note: "This is the shape of the god of ru Shou." It can be proved.
Then, during the Fuxi period, "Zhi, Hai, and Pig", it was not until the Emperor's period that the sage was granted the title of "big", "big", The people of Chu called pig a "pig". On the other hand, treat the turtle as a pig, so the pig is the right one. At the same time, it also shows that during the Emperor's period, fur beasts were popular as human clothes.
According to the simple principle of binary opposition and the mutual generation of yin and yang, then, the corresponding corresponding to Li; the corresponding corresponding to Li later divided into Xi (Xi, He), Xi (Xi, He) and represent the East. "Shui Jing·Huan Shui Notes" quotes Zheng Xuan: "He reads it is Huan." This corresponds to Li's differentiation of the new Western sun gods, domesticating animals and farming: it should be cultivated.
2.5, Zhurong, the changes in "Zhong, Gai, Li, Xi" in Chongli
According to the above article, the pigs and tigers fight each other, belong to the descendants of Shaohao and Zhuanxu. So, is the name of each period accurate?
2.5.1, analyze historical materials, correspond to four seasons or four directions,
①, Fuxi period: The "Silk Book" briefly describes that Fuxi had four sons "Zhong, Gai, Li, and Xi".
②, Shaohao period: "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong" says: "Shaohao's fourth uncle, called Chong, Jia, Xu, and Xi."
③, Zhuanxu period: "Mandarin·Chu Yu II": "When Shaohao declined, the nine li chaotic virtues were mixed with people and gods, and they could not be divided into things. The wife enjoyed it, and the family was a witch's historian... Zhuanxu received it, so he ordered the Nanzheng Chongshi to be the god to be the god, and the Fire Zheng Zheng Li to be the earth to be the people"; in the early days of Zhuanxu period, it was still under the matriarchal clan system, and the intelligence of men was often suppressed. After Zhuanxu conquered Jiuli, he reformed this system. The male and civilians were all called "sons of Zhuanxu" and followed the order of "Bo Zhong Shuji". It can be seen that when he was in power, he had established a political system according to the patriarchal system, but he was still in the stage of getting married. "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of Qin" says: "The ancestors of Qin, the grandson of Emperor Zhuanxu was called Nu Xiu."
④, Emperor Ku period: "Huainanzi" pointed out that Chang'e was Houyi's wife. Houyi's wife, Feng'e, evolved into the legendary Chang'e (also known as Chang'e). Originally called Feng'e, it was renamed Chang'e in order to avoid the taboos of Emperor Wen of Han Liu Heng during the Western Han Dynasty, and was also called Chang'e. Also known as Yang'e. It is said that Chang'e and Dayi set a precedent for monogamy; "Lüshi Chunqiu·Wugong" says "Shangyi is used to occupy the moon", and Bi Yuan, a Qing Dynasty person, said: "Shangyi is Changyi. In ancient times, "Yi" was "What" , and later generations said that Chang'e's despicable words were "Heng'e". There is another view that: "Yeng'e" was originally written as "Heng'e", which is Changxi, which is recorded in "Shan Hai Jing·The West Classic of Great Wilderness". Supplementary notes on "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Astronomy" written by Liu Zhao, Liang State of the Southern Dynasty, quoted "Lingxian" written by Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty: "Yi asked for the medicine of no death to the Queen Mother of the West, and the E of the E stole it to the moon. When he was about to go, he divined it to Youhuang. Youhuang said, "Auspicious." The graceful girl returns home, and she is the only one who is going west. When the sky is dark, she is not shocked or afraid, and she will be prosperous later."The angel then held her body in the moon, which was the toad. "; The Qin Slips of Wang Jiatai in the Qin Dynasty, Guizang, were unearthed in the Qin Tomb No. 15, Wang Jiatai, Jiangling, Hubei Province in March 1993. The hexagram of "Guimei" is: In the past, I (安安) stole the medicine of not dead at the Queen Mother of the West, and took it to (run) the month. I was about to go, and the boy was divined on Youhuang. Youhuang said: "Auspicious." The elegant girl returns home, and she is the only one who travels west. When the sky is dark, do not be shocked or fearful, and then it will be prosperous." I then entrusted myself to the moon, which is a toad; "Huainanzi" in the early Western Han Dynasty (written in 139 BC). It uses the story of Chang'e flying to the moon as an allusion quote: "Yi asked for the elixir of immortality to the Queen Mother of the West, and the Queen E secretly ran to the moon, and was sad and mourned, so she could not continue it. "; Gao Gu of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote in his commentary on "Huainanzi": "Ying'e is Yi's wife." Yi asked for the immortal medicine to the Queen Mother of the West. Before he could take it, Feng E stole it and got the immortals to run into the middle of the moon, which was the essence of the moon. "
can be seen, there are several key points: Yi asked for the immortal medicine to the Queen Mother of the West; "Ying'e" was originally written as "Heng'e", which is Chang Xi, which is recorded in "Shan Hai Jing·The West Classic of Great Wilderness"; Bi Yuan, a Qing Dynasty person, said: "Shang Yi is Chang'e, and in ancient times, it is "What"; is the moon essence.
So, in connection with the above article, Heng, Heng and "Shui Jing·Huan Shui Notes" quoted Zheng Xuan: "He is called Huan." I think: Heng, Heng and Huan are both miswriting writing, but read "He"; during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han, Wen E to Chang'e and Chang Xi, "Lüshi Chunqiu·Wu Gong": "Shang Yi was used to divine the moon", I think: The evolution of Shang Yi and Chang Yi and Chang Yi are synonymous with the same pronunciation. This Changxi should be close to the Queen Mother of the West. Since "Changyi and Changyi" belong to "he", it is a different name for "Queen Mother of the West". In the Western Sun God, when combined with Xi, he becomes the Eastern Sun God. The moon spirit comes from the Western Sun God, and the above is the Beizheng, which observes astronomy in the west. It is the Beizheng, which belongs to the differentiation of the Zhurong tribe.
⑤, Emperor Yao’s reign: "Shangshu·Yao Dian": "Yao ordered the four sons of Xihe (Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong, and Heshu) to go to the east, south, west and north, each in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, to follow the Haotian, and respect the people's time"; "Shangshu. "The Biography of Kong's Family": "The Chong is Xi, and Li is He. Yao ordered Xihe to take charge of the four seasons of heaven and earth, so that people and gods will not disturb them, and each will get their own order. This is called "the heaven and heaven will be connected. It means that the heaven and gods have no surrender to the earth, and the earth will not reach the sky, and the light will not be related." During this period, one place says "Quan is Xi, Li is He" and the other place says Xizhong, Xishu, He Zhong, and He Shu are actually two Xi, two and two and . Then, I infer that this time belongs to: early stage: "Quan, He, , , Xi", and later stages are "Quan, He, Li, Xi" (but Chong, Xi and He both represent the east, and only one Li represents the West? Obviously, it does not conform to the combination of yin and yang. If it is determined according to the east, south and north direction, then Xi determines the east, redefines the south, and Li is the north, then, he should be the west, not the east. Look at the "Book of Yu Gong" "Heyi Dajie" , Why is "Yi", the above text "Shi, Qi, Li, and Yi, the following examples can be changed." Just like Li divided "生", pig is called "生. Then, Huan (he) and Dan have a way to change. Ai Dan and Xihe are the eastern sun gods, but in subdivision, ai Dan is Xi and Dan. Xihe is Xi and He, which means separately, I think "He and Dan represent the West" means the previous one: "生 and Xi" means the east, just like Chongqing Li can divide and resonate. Then, separate "生" means the west, the western sun god. Combined with Xi, it means the eastern sun god.
⑥, then, , what about , what about , Xi, Xiu (or corpus)? I didn’t see the “Li” of the North, Xi is Xi, the east; Chong is the south, the symmetrical differentiation of , in the West, then , Xiu (or corpus) should be the north, that is, "Li". , like the “Quan is Xi, Li is the hemisphere” above, Li is Xiu, Xiu (or corpus) is the northern and belongs to the Western sun god.
2.5.2, logical reasoning analysis of the four major tribes in each period
We can go from: It turns out that it was just when humans knew the East and the West, Chong is the eastern sun god, and Li is the western sun god; when Fuxi Alliance period, Chong is the southern, or Yang, the eastern sun god; and Li turns from west to north, belongs to Yin, or the western sun god.
①, Chongqing Li means the north and south. After that, the southern Zhengzhong rarely changed, and the eastern "Xi" changes increased the "Xi"; the western "pig is the right" added the "he", and the original "li" in the north added the "分 (博) " means snake. The above text is: "分 snakes are harmed by the people", "博 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) 捚 (博捚) I think it was first "the caption of pigs is a big pig". During the reign of Emperor Ku, the Chu people said that pigs were turtles and turned into white tigers in the north. That is, Houyi and Huan E (Chang'e) entered the monogamy period. The descendants of Li were activated, and the Black Tiger Tribe of the Nuwa tribe replaced the Snake Tribe.
The path is: "pig (联)" in the west-------------The north starts from Li, and then adds "六 (联)", that is, snake, and adds "联 (xī), which means that the Chu State calls the big pig, but in fact it is a white tiger.
From pig--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Later generations call it twelve surnames. Like a snake----Si. According to "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of Qin": "The ancestors of Qin, Emperor Zhuanxu's descendants were called Nu Xiu. It is said that Si began to differentiate from Emperor Ku. The word "Rong" is like "Li", and Li has many changes in the north.
②, regarding the four sons of Fuxi, of course, the "Chu Silk Book" is only an archaeological reference. It spans thousands of years, and there are also tribal names that are consistent, causing confusion. In order to restore the truth as much as possible, the original text of the "Chu Silk Book" is quoted: "It is said that □ Hail (play), from □[Hua] (Xu), and lives in (Thunder) □[Xia]. (六)地 (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六) (六Dreaming of Momo, Death (blind) Zhang Bibi, □ Every water □, wind and rain are ( ). Then he took the son of □ son, called the queen, who gave birth to four sons, □□ is Xiang (阿), and (嘿) is each (嘿). Simultaneous transformation and escape, and make a snake and ten thousand. ”.
Wang Dayou (2004) explained the four sons as "Zhong, Zhi, Xiu, Xi", or "Xi, He, Chong, Li".
③. To analyze whether Wang Dayou's inference is reasonable, first of all, based on the four directions and the last four seasons, it will change from the original things. Then, if it is "Zhong, Zhi, Xiu, Xi," it will become the period of the South and North Zheng, and the changes are too drastically and unreasonable. At least when the changes begin, Chongqing Li will still exist. Yes, now suddenly cross the direction to the Season. The "cultivation" does not conform to the history of domestication changes; in view, "Xi, He, Chong, Li" preserved Chongqing Li, and changed "He", then Xihe and Xidan were later periods. From the changes in domestication of animals, it must be easy to start and then difficult to do. The above article analyzes animal domestication with historical materials. Then, I combine the changes of Yin and Yang, east, west, south, north, and north, and the unity of dual cultures. Referring to the record myths of oral legends such as "Shan Hai Jing", I concluded that Fuxi's four sons (actually four main tribes) are:
Fuxi period: "Zhong, Jia, Li, Xi" (according to the order of south, west, north, and east of "Shan Hai Jing");
Early period of Huangdi period: "Zhong, Jia, You, Xi", mid-term "Zhong, He, Li, Xi", late period "Zhong, Jia, Xiu, Xi", "Zhong, Jia, Xiu, Xi"
(according to the records of "Records of the Grand Historian: Album": "Huangdi examined the star altar". The same book "Suoyin" quotes "Xiben" and "Lu Li
Records": "Huangdi sent Xihe to divine the day, and Changyi occupied the month... Rongcheng compiled these six techniques and wrote "Chi Li"", "Huang",
"Xu" and "You" are the same, and are used with Chiyou's "You" (i.e. "You");
Shaohao period records: "Zhong, Jia, Hui, Xi" (conforms to the order of south, west, north, and east of "Shan Hai Jing", "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong":
"Shaohao's family has four uncles: Chong, Jia, Hui, Xi."; "Huainanzi·Ben Jing": "Feng Xi (xī).",
Cultivating snakes is harmful to the people");
Zhuanxu's early inference: "Zhong, Jia, Li, Xi"; later in the period is: "Zhong, He, , Xi" (records of Chongli: Zhuan
Xu killed Jiuli, "Lu Li Zhi": "Huangdi sent Xihe to divine the day, "Records of the Grand Historian·Ben Ji of Qin" says: "Qin
First, Emperor Zhuanxu's grandson called Nu Xiu.)
The emperor's early inference was: "Chong, He, Li, Xi"; the later period was "Chong, He, 潨, Xi" ("Records of the Grand Historian. Volume 40. The Chu Family":
The Gonggong family was in chaos, and the emperor ordered Chongqing Li to kill him but it was not complete. The emperor killed Chongqing Li on Gengyin day, and his younger brother Wu Hui was the Chongli after Chongqing Li.
The legend of Chang'e, the tribe of the descendants of Nuwa changed "Qi")
The early period was "Chong, He, 潨, Xi", and the later period was "Chong, He, Li, Xi" ("Records of the Grand Historian. Volume 26. Almanac
Fourth　The decline of Shaohao clan, the Jiuli chaotic virtues, the people's gods were mixed up, and the people's gods were disturbed, so they should not release things, and disasters were recommended, so don't exert their energy. Zhuanxu received
, and ordered Nanzheng to re-subsist the sky to belong to the gods, and ordered Huo Li to re-subsist the earth to belong to the people, so that the old days were restored, and there was no invasion between them. Later, Sanmiao obeyed the virtues of Jiuli, so the two officials were all abandoned, and the leap was eliminated, Meng Zuo was destroyed, and the number was not recorded, and the number was not in order. Yao re-subsequently re-subsisted
After Li, he did not forget the old ones, and ordered them to re-subsist it and established the official of Xihe. In the Ming Dynasty, the yin and yang were adjusted, the wind and rain were in peace, and the qi came, and the people did not have a young epidemic. In the year of Qi Chan Shun, Shen Jingzu, saying, "The number of heaven is in your bow." Shun also ordered Yu. From this, Wang
It is important; Yao: "Records of the Grand Historian. The Records of the Five Emperors": "After the nine tribes are harmonious, the people will be conferred on the people. The people are bright and harmonious with all countries.
Then I ordered Xi and He, )
3. Xihe is a different name for the Zhurong tribe
Liu Xin portrayed Xihe as the mother of the sun and the goddess of the sun. "Shangshu Yao Dian" says: "I ordered Xihe to be as proud as the sky, and passed through the sun, moon and stars, and respectfully taught people the time. The destiny of Xizhong, the house is called Yanggu. Xihe masters the rhythm of time, and drives the sun from east to west every day. Because of such unusual skills, in ancient times, Xihe became the person who formulated the calendar. Xihe and Xizhong here are all the sun, moon, stars, and Xizhong, the house is called Yanggu. What does it mean?
This will start from the Fuxi period. I argued in the article "The Understanding of Geographical Directions of Ancient Mankind": Li, in mythology, the sun (fire) god Zhurong, Chiyou is the king of Jiuli, and Zhurong is Li, and some scholars argue that "The tradition of Dongyi is to worship the fire, and birds and elephants are used to represent the worship of the fire. They are all related to the Zhurong tribe.
Fuxi and Nuwa period , were the four sons of Fuxi? In fact, it is not four sons, it refers to four main tribes. But it is actually Zhurong, a tribe. It is the new name of Chongqing Li. Fuxi, also known as Mixi, Bao Xi, and Fu Xi, are also known as Sacrifice Emperor and Huang Xi. Since "chong means Xi, Li means He", it can be seen that Fuxi originated from Chong and was a change in the name of the leader of Chongli.
of the Huangdi period, "Records of the Grand Historian: Almanac" records: "Huangdi examines the Dingxing Album". The same book "Suoyin" quotes "Xiben" and "Lu Lizhi": "Huangdi sent to Xihe to divine the day, and Changyi to divine the moon... Rong Cheng summarized these six techniques and wrote "Diao Li". The so-called "occupying the sun" refers to observing the sun, calculating the day, etc. "Guanzi·Five Elements": "Huangdi obtained six phases and the heaven and earth were governed, and the gods arrived. Chiyou understood the way of heaven, so he made it the time; Dachang observed the advantage of the place, so he made it the trunk; Shelong distinguished from the east, so he made it the earth master; Zhurong distinguished from the south, so he made it the Situ; Daquan distinguished from the west, so he made it the Sima; Houtu distinguished from the north, so he made it the Li." Also, "Elementary School Ganzhu·Famous Ministers·Six Presentations of Huangdi": "Chiyou was at that time, and the Dachang was the trunk, so he made it the trunk, so he made it the trunk. Long is the Tu Master, Zhu Rong is the Situ, and Daquan is the Sima; Houtu is Li. ", carefully analyzed: Houtu ("The Classic of Hai Nei: "The wife of Emperor Yan, the son of Chishui, listened to Yanju, Yanju, and the festival is the same, and the festival is the same, and the opera artifact is produced. Zhurong descends to the river water, and he gives birth to Gonggong. Gonggong produces artifacts, and the artifact is the first square of the artifact, which is to restore the earth to the river water. Gonggong produces Houtu, Houtu produces choking, and choking is born in 12 years.") belongs to the Zhurong lineage; Daquan belongs to Changxi, that is, Changxi, Xihe, and Zhurong's tribe, which occupies the month and day; The transformation of the sounds of Shelong and Zhurong; it can be seen that they are all related to Zhurong's observation of astronomy. " Chiyou Minghu Tiandao " implies that before Huangdi, Chiyou was once the leader of the Zhurong tribe and the Dongyi tribe alliance.
Shaohao period , "Shaohao's family had four uncles: Chong, Gai, Xiu, and Xi." "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Gong Twenty-Nine" says: "Shaohao's family had four uncles, called Chong, Gai, Xiu, and Xi, which were actually able to metal, wood and water. If Chong was made into Jumang, Ji Shu, Xiu and Xi were made into Xuanming, and he did not lose his duties in the world, so he helped the poor and mulberry trees. These were the three sacrifices." The so-called "Four Uncles" are actually the same as the changes in "Shi Yu, Xi and Li, Xi and Xi" in the Fuxi period. Xihe and Xizhong in "Shangshu Yao Dian" are just the same homophone name for Zhong Shizhong, and are also from "Biography": "Cheng means Xi, Li means He."
Zhuanxu period: "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of Qin" says: "The ancestors of Qin, the grandson of Emperor Zhuanxu's descendants was called Nu Hui. Nu Hui weaving, the mysterious bird fell eggs, Nu Hui swallowed it, and gave birth to a son. Da Ye took the son of Shaodian, called Nu Hua. Nu Hua gave birth to a great expense and settled the water and soil with Yu. It was completed, and Emperor Xi Xuangui. Yu said: "If I can achieve it, it will be supplemented by the great expense. "Emperor Shun said, "I consulted you and praised Yu's achievements, and he gave you a trip. Your descendants will be released. "He is the jade girl of the Yao family of his wife. Dafei received a visit and helped Shun tame birds and beasts. Many birds and beasts are tamed, which is Bai Yi. Shun gave the surname Ying." Isn't "Ni Xiu" the "Shaohao family has four uncles: Chong, Gao, Xiu, and Xi." This proves that the Zhurong tribe is also the predecessor of the Sanmiao tribe. Since Chang Xi was Shaohao's wife and Shaohao married into the Zhurong tribe, the Dongyi tribe also belonged to the Sanmiao tribe.
Tang Yao period , Xihe was the family in charge of astronomy, observing the stars in the dusk, referring to the phenology to determine the days of two and two to determine the seasons and arrange the calendar. "Shangshu Yao Dian" says: "I ordered Xihe to be as proud as the sky, and passed through the sun, moon, stars, and respectfully taught people the time." "Shangshu. "Biography of Kong Family": "Recently means Xi, Li means He. Yao ordered Xihe to control the officials of the four seasons of heaven and earth, so that people and gods will not disturb them, and each obtains their own order. This is called the divination of heaven and heaven. It means that the gods of heaven have no surrender to the earth, and the earth does not reach the sky, and the brightness is unrelated."; "The Preface to the Zhou Li Shu": Yao Dian Zheng's note says: "The four mountains, the officials of the four seasons are in charge of the affairs of the four mountains. At the time of Xi and He, the four mountains are called the four mountains. When they died, they divided the affairs of the mountains and set the eight bodies, and they were all kingly officials."; "The Notes of the Saints and Sages" also says: "After Yao divided the yin and yang into the four seasons, he ordered Xizhong, Hezhong, Xishu, Heshu and others to be the officials, and they also took charge of the affairs of the Fang Yue, which was the four mountains." Yao Dian Kong Shu quoted Zheng to Zhao Shang and said, "Since the ancestors, they all said that Fire Palm is the earth. (Note: "Palm" is the error of the word "dang", and "di" is the error of the word "bei".) It should be said that 'Li is the North Zheng'." The commentary of the revelation minister Zan said: Chong and Li are the officials of heaven and earth. Tang and Yu called Xi and He, so those who control the land should be called Beizheng. "Records of the Grand Historian." "The Five Emperors' Book of Records": "After the nine clans are harmonious, they will be the people. The people are bright and harmonious with all countries. He then ordered Xi and He to respect the Haotian, count the sun, moon, stars, and respect the people's time. He divided the orders of Xizhong, live in Yuyi, and are called Yanggu. The sun rises, and Chengdong works. The stars and birds are used in Yinzhongchun. The people's analysis is that birds and beasts are used in the name of Xishu. Shen ordered Xishu to live in Nanjiao. He was used in Chengnan, and respectfully. The sun is eternal, and the sparks are used in Xiazhong. The people are responsible for the people's reasons. , birds and beasts are in the west. Shenming and Zhong lived in the land of the west, called Meigu. Jingdao entered the sun, and then the journey was completed in the west. At night, the stars were empty to meet the Mid-Autumn Festival. The people were barren, and the birds and beasts were fur and wreathed. Shenming and Shu lived in the north, called Youdu. He was in the hidden things. The day was short, and the stars were full, so that the winter was in the middle. The people were burning, and birds and beasts were fur and fur. year, 366 days, the leap month was set at the four seasons. trusted all officials and all the achievements were achieved. ".
The Shaohao Dongyi tribe uses birds as totems, which originated from Zhurong’s Rongfeng: Bird totems appeared in Emperor Yao, " Mountains and Seas·Great Wilderness East Classic": "The big valley outside the East Sea is the country of Shaohao." Among the leaders of the Dongyi tribe, "Zhi", known in history as "Shaohao Emperor Zhi". "Records of the Grand Historian." "The Book of the Five Emperors": "The Emperor married the daughter of Chen Feng and gave birth to Xun. He married the daughter of Xun and gave birth to Zhi. The Emperor died, and Zhi was established in the same period. Emperor Zhi was not kind, but his younger brother Fang Xun was established, which was Emperor Yao. Emperor Yao was released." "Zhi" is also known in ancient books as "闻". It is the "eagle-toe" and the king of birds; "holding the eagle-toe" in the hand, that is, holding the "bird totem" symbol scepter. Therefore, historical books respectfully call Emperor Shaohao Zhi the "Bird King". "Zuo Zhuan·Zhaogong's Seventeenth Year": "When Shaobing Zhi was established, the phoenix bird arrived, so he recorded it as a bird, and was named after the bird.Fengniao clan is the official; Xuanniao clan is the official division; Bo Zhao clan is the official leader; Qingniao clan is the official leader; Danniao clan is the official leader; Zhu Jiu is Situ ; Ju Jiu is Sima; Feng Jiu is Sikong; Shuang Jiu is Siko; Fu Jiu is Siko; Fu Jiu is Siko. The five doves are the people of the doves. The five pheasants are the five craftsmen, the use of sharp tools, and the measurement of the people. "; "Zuo Zhuan·Zhaogong's 18th Year" records: "In May of the summer, the fire begins to dim. Bingzi, wind. Zishen said: 'This is called merging wind, the beginning of fire'", The flames appearing in the fire turn into birds, fire phoenixes. In fact, whether it is the wind surname or the bird totem, they all originate from Zhurong. They originate from fire. The above article discusses: In ancient Chinese legends, phoenixes are regarded as divine birds, and they are the king of birds. The male is called "phoenix", and the female is called "phoenix". "Shuowen" records: "Phoenix is a divine bird. The old man of heaven said: The image of a phoenix is, in front of the horoscope, behind the scales, snake neck, fish tail, stork's throat, mandarin thoughts, dragon text, fish back, swallow chin, chicken beak, five colors are ready. "The Chu people in the Warring States Period also said: "The Phoenix is the bird of quail fire, and the essence of the sun. ", "White Tiger Tong" of the Han Dynasty said that Zhurong "its essence is a bird, and its li is a phoenix. " "Bian Crow. Crimson Bird" note says: "The Phoenix is the genus". Human worship, from worshiping the power of nature, to worshiping human reproduction.
During the reign of Emperor Shun: "Shun Dian" involves the sacrificial system, ritual and music system, patrol system, administrative system (including administrative divisions, princes' pilgrimage, credit letter, tribute and dethrone), criminal law system of the major alliance at that time; as well as the establishment of officials and division of positions, there are nine official positions, which are held by important tribe leaders of each major cluster, and they are all determined by the "Four Mountains" and are appointed by the "Twelve Patriarchs". The "Four Mountains" should be the "Great Elders" of each major cluster, that is, the "Great Elders" of each major cluster, that is, the "Great Elders" of each major cluster, that is, the "Great Alliance" The main member of the decision-making body's council; "Twelve Patriarchs (the "master" in oracle bone inscriptions is still the official title of tribe chief)" is the actual leader of major tribes or tribe groups (the majority of the twelve representatives) and participates in the deliberation. It shows that the strength of the Zhurong tribe needs to continue to subdivide the Zhurong tribe after the Emperor was divided into the eight surnames of Zhurong. After that, until the Xia and Shang dynasties, the Zhurong tribe was divided into many tribes, such as "Yuanhe surname Zhuan": "Zhuanxu, descended from Chongli, and Cheng Boxiu's father was the descendant. "; "The Book of the Wanxiang Liutuan" records: "Cheng Boxiu's father was the Grand Sima and was granted the title of Cheng. Later, he became a clan, which was the same as the Sima family, and he hoped to be peaceful and stable. "It can be seen that the ancestors of the Cheng family should be descendants of the Zhurong family Chongli. "General History·National Brief": After Chongqing Li (Zhurong), the descendants of King Xuan of Zhou, Cheng Boxiu's father was Sima, and he defeated Xu Fang, and gave the official clan as Sima. His descendants "take officials as their clan". ... Countless people have evolved from the Zhurong tribe.
House period , the most famous legend is found in the "Shangshu Yinzheng". At that time, the first solar eclipse recorded by mankind in the world occurred. Xihe was the astronomical officer of King Zhongkang of Xia. Because he was addicted to alcohol and sex, he wasted the observation and calculation of the astronomical phenomena, but did not predict it, which caused panic and unexpected panic. So King Zhongkang, based on the "Political Code" (law): "Those who were in the first place were killed without mercy, and those who were not in time were killed without mercy", ordered Yinhou to conquer and execute Xihe. "Shangshu·Xia Shu·Yu Gong": "Hai, Dai and Huai are in Xuzhou. Huai and Yi are all in a state of great success, Meng and Yu are all in their art, and the wilderness is pigs, and the east is flat. The land of the red grave is covered with grass and trees. The land is the upper middle, and the tax is the middle middle. The five colors of the earth are in the tribute, feathers are in the Xia Di, the lonely tung tung in the yang, the chime floating on the Si shore, and the beads of Huaiyi and fish. The silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky silky Float in Huai and Si, reaching in the river (lood). ”. Guo Moruo pointed out: "The people of Yin have sacrifices when entering and leaving the sun." The oracle bone inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty include "Xia is at the East Mother, Pump three, and Dog three", "Jiyou is at the East Mother, and Drum Zhen is at the East Mother, Nine Ox", "Zhen, Xia is at the East Mother, and Three Ox, and "and so on." It can be seen that the sacrifice ceremony of "Xia is at the East Mother" in the Shang Dynasty is very grand. If you are at the East Mother, you may make a sacrificial ceremony. The "Jing is at the East Mother" in the Shang Dynasty is very grand. If you are at the Oracle Bone Dictionary, it is explained as "Meeting Pan Chai and Sacrifice", which means piled up firewood to sacrifice for fire. Chen Jiameng pointed out in "Summary of Yinxu Inscriptions" that the "East Mother" in the inscription refers to the sun. Mr. Dingshan believes that "East Mother" is an alias for the sun god, and it should be Xihe who has been born on ten days, which is the sun god. "Xia is at the East Mother" means to worship the sun with fire.
During the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xin, a famous scholar in the late Western Han Dynasty and the real pioneer of ancient classics, came to power. After Wang Mang, who advocated retro, took power, because Xihe was related to observing the sun in legend, Xihe was the legendary official in charge of astronomy. At this time, Liu Xin was appointed as the official position of Xihe, and changed the astronomical official to Xihe. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Biography of Lu Gong": "My grandfather Kuang was Xihe during the time of Wang Mang, and he had the right number, and was called think tank ." "Book of the Han Dynasty: Biography of Wang Mang": "Renamed Dasi Nong was Xihe, and later became the first to be a new word." In ancient mythology, some people shaped Xihe as the mother of the sun.
"Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Biography of Cui Qi": "The atmosphere is lush and stern, and Xihe suddenly has a deep sunlight." Li Xian's note: "Xihe is the sun." ;
Jin·Ge Hong "Baopuzi·Appointment": "Day competes with the final scenery of Xihe, and the sun shines in the sunshine and shines."
From this, we found the origins of Xihe. Xihe originated from Chongqing Li of Zhurong tribe, "Xihe is the sun." Observing the sun and the moon is the sun god, the moon god, calculating the days, have the power, and have the thinking tank.
Xihe evolved from the goddess who gave birth to the sun to the sun itself, and became the driver of the sun (now the Sun Yu, see "Li Sao" and "Tianwen", etc.). The two goddesses Xihe and Chang Xi were listed as the two male officials under Huangdi, who were in charge of the sun and the moon, and as soon as the myth changed, they were listed as Xihe and Chang Xi, the two male officials under Huangdi, who were in charge of the sun and the moon (see "Lüshi Chunqiu·Wugong", "Shiben", etc.); due to the change of pronunciation, they were divided into the two goddesses of Emperor Jun's wife Ehuang and Chang Xi (see "The Great Wilderness Southern Classic" and "The Great Wilderness Western Classic"). Ehuang evolved into Shun's wife (see "The Son of the Corpse" and "Biographies of Women"); Xihe was the goddess who gave birth to the sun (see "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·The Southern Classic of Great Wilderness"). Chang Xi was also the goddess who lived the moon (see "The Great Wilderness West Classic"), and then became Yi's wife, and finally flew back to the Moon Palace to be Chang'e (see "Huainanzi·Lanming Xun"); continued to evolve, Xihe became one subordinate of Huangdi to two or six people under Yao who were in charge of the astronomical calendar (Xishi, Heshi, Xizhong, Hezhong, Xishu, and Heshu).
This is the evolutionary process of Chongqing Li, "Shangshu". "Biography of Kong Family": "Chong means Xi, Li means He" and "Biography" say: "Chong means Xi, Li means He" and so on, which reveal the relationship between Xihe and the Zhurong tribe of Chongqing Li. They are different titles from Zhurong in different periods, or multiple titles from one period.
4, the earliest Dong tribe and Chongqing Li and Miao people
The above article discusses: "Rong" the person in charge of fire, "Ciquette and Common Meaning·Three Emperors": "Fire is the sun." The word "Rong" is pronounced as "Li", and the name of "Zhurong" in Chongqing Li evolved into "Jiuli". Li also increased, and Xiu evolved from Li. Nine was a snake, and nine was also called Jiuli clan and Jiuli clan. The name of the god is different from that of Yiyi, but the ancient version of the two characters is very common. Therefore, it is also called "Jiuyi". "Yi, read as Yi." "Shi, Qi, Li, Yi" is all-round. The name of "Zhujiu" (Zhurong, at this time, the flames that appeared in Zhurong's merging fire turned into birds and fire phoenixes) evolved into the name of the leader of the tribes of "Chiyou" and "Zhuanxu". Therefore, Chiyou also became the leader of the Zhurong tribe. "Lu Lizhi": "Huangdi sent Xihe to occupy the sun, and Changyi occupied the moon..." killed Chiyou; Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, Shaohao's "Records of the Grand Historian: Qin's Principal" says: "The grandson of the Miao descendants of Emperor Zhuanxu was called Nuxiu", which became: "Zhong, Gai, Hui, Xi". Zheng's note on "The Book of Rites Yishu": "There was Miao, and Jiuli. Zhuanxu killed Jiuli in his reign. He divided his descendants and was the Sanmiao who lived in Western descent." Zheng Xuan's note on "Shangshu Lu Xing": "The Miao people were the descendants of Jiuli, and Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, and his son was called Sanmiao." Emperor Yao pityed the innocent and guilty people, so he accepted the order of "God" to deprive the king of Sanmiao, and sent him to the "low country". "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong": It is the name of Chongqing Li, both of which are humans and ghosts,... similar to ghosts and gods. Therefore, Zhurong has a heavy differentiation and Li, and Li has differentiated into Jiuli and Jiuyi. Dongyi belongs to the differentiation of Chongqing Li.
4.1, the three major paths of the Zhurong tribe's migration and the Puyang Xishuipo Tomb
People cannot understand why the Dongyi tribe worshiped the sun god, and attributed the astronomical observations of the Shaohao period to the time when Shaohao was the leader of the tribe, and used the Dawenkou culture as the cultural source of the Dongyi tribe.But in this way, it turns out that many tribes of Zhurong worship the God of Fire and the God of Sun? Don't they have anything to do with it?
The above article discusses that the Chongzuo Zhiren Cave in Guangxi is about 111,000 years old, and migrates along the north to Hunan and Hubei, and is in the Huanglong Cave area of Yunxi County, Hubei. 50,000 years ago, the "White Lotus Cave People in Liuzhou, Guangxi" could sew clothes and use fire and cooked food to form the white lotus Cave culture. At this time, the Zhurong tribe began to plant rice, entered the Hunan and Hubei areas, forming the Chongqing Li tribe. The pottery fragments unearthed from Yuchanyan, Hunan are about 14,000 to 21,000 years ago; the Guilin Dayan site, located on the northern foot of Xiayanmen Mountain, Lingui County, Guilin City, was first investigated in 1999. A batch of original pottery dating back to 12,000 years ago was discovered. It is one of the origins of the centers of prehistoric pottery in China. 72 cave sites like the Dayan Ruins have been discovered in Guilin, and are one of the most abundant and concentrated cities in China. residence is located in the Pengshantou site in Li County, Hunan, a representative of prehistoric culture of about 9,000-8,300 years ago. Two main migration paths: (not all tribes migrate, each migration will be combined with other people who later become Homo sapiens. I have discussed it in many articles before, but it is demonstrated by the migration of heavy and old "old Dong".) A secondary path:
Main path 1: Go west, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, and combine with people who enter Homo sapiens late, and then enter Shaanxi, Ningxia and Gansu ( dating from 7350-7800 years ago, Dadiwan Cultural Site in Tianshui City, Gansu Province). began to plant millet, sorghum and rapeseed from the Crusade family, forming a human gathering area centered on Shaanxi, bringing a cave lifestyle in the south. For example, 5213 Yangshao cultural sites are distributed with Huashan as the center. It starts from east Henan in the east, ends in Gansu and Qinghai in the west, to Hetao Inner Mongolia Great Wall in the north, and to Jianghan in the south. The central area is in Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi;
Main path 2: Go east, enter Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang ( Hemudu , about 7,000 years ago), and then enter Shandong.
Secondary path: Zhurong tribe migrated in 6707 (4781 BC, refer to Wang Dayou's division in 2004) path, migrating from west to east. According to scientific measurements, it entered the Xishui slope of Puyang (Dongyi) in Anhui Province in 6460±135 years, forming Dongyi, which was later called Zhurong's eight surnames Shenhu, and entered the Lingyang River area of Ju County, Shandong Province 6300 years ago. In 1959, four pottery documents with vivid appearances were unearthed 6,300 years ago in Lingyang River, Ju County, Shandong Province, four pottery documents with vivid appearances were more than 1,500 years earlier than oracle bone inscriptions. It belongs to the prototype of ancient Chinese characters. In 1987, Xishuipo, Puyang, Henan Province, in the northern Henan Plain, was determined to be a group of ancient tombs 6,500 years ago. The tomb map of Tomb No. 45, Xishuipo, Puyang is a cover map, with the circle centered on the north pole of the sky, and the Sun Road in the spring and autumn. The heavenly area within the circle is Tai Chi, or the North Pole Heavenly Area. This shows that in the Gaitian theory as early as 6,500 years ago, the dividing line between green and yellow pictures is based on whether the starry sky can be observed more clearly, rather than sunrise or sunset. This is very similar to the provisions of modern astronomical observations. The yin and yang are half each, which is the Tai Chi generation of two qualities. Below the tomb map are three pictures, namely the Big Dipper Seven Stars map 107,300 years ago, 133,300 years ago, and 159,300 years ago, which proves that the Zhurong tribe had the culture accumulated by its ancestors when it moved. However, according to some scholars based on ancient historical materials such as "Book of Jin·Astronomy" and other ancient history, the founder of Gai Tianshu is Fuxi, and he still believes that the tomb owner is Fuxi. I think this statement is too biased: First of all, Fuxi is only the leader of the tribe alliance, and it is not necessarily the leader of the tribe who observes astronomy. The most important thing is time. At this time, it is no longer the period of Fuxi and Nuwa, but the period of Yan Emperor. I think: the dragon and tiger pattern unearthed from is currently the earliest among the dragon patterns discovered in archaeology in the country, and it is naturally consistent with the Dong family becoming the Huanlong clan; the site time belongs to the Zhurong tribe after the migration, and it has a temporal inheritance relationship; third, this tribe has been observing astronomy, and the three Beidou Seven Stars maps of are more than 10,000 years ago, which is far earlier than the Fuxi and Nuwa period, so it should be the Chongqing Li period . Fourth, Zhurong's eight surnames, Guanhu, lived in Dongyi, and was arranged to go to Dongyi, which is the leader of the Dong tribe. Therefore, the tomb owner of Xishuipo, Puyang, Anhui Province is not Fuxi, but the leader of the tribe surnamed Dong. started with the Yan Emperor Zhurong, and Zhurong moved long qin. Yan Emperor Shennong, Cangjie, and Chiyou were all the leaders of major tribal alliances or leaders of regional alliances.
The migration location scope of Zhurong tribe is highly consistent with the emergence of wheat planting, and a new human gathering area has been formed in Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and Anhui. Later, the distribution center of Miaodigou second phase culture (3900 BC to 2780 BC) was in Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces. Later, the Longshan culture, which dates from about 4,600 to 4,000 years ago, was distributed in Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Then, the new plant varieties brought by Shandong are coming from the Zhurong tribe's migration.
Why is wheat planting concentrated in Shandong? His transmission path is related to the migration of the Zhurong tribe, that is, it spreads from west to east. It's not from the East. That is, it is not directly differentiated from Chongqing Li-Li-Hemudu culture-Dawenkou culture (mainly based on agricultural economy, like other primitive cultures in the Yellow River Basin, millet is mainly planted. The custom of artificial deformation of occipital bones and tooth extraction during adolescence is prevalent. It is the birthplace of tooth extraction customs popular in the east and south of ancient China.).
4.2. Dongyi culture formed a new cultural center after the heavy tribe migrated from west to east.
From the legend of ancient times, it can be concluded that from the south (Hunan)---Western (Sichuan)---North (Shaanxi)---East (Henan, Shandong) a branch mainly called "金" and also mainly called Zhurong. In addition, the south (Hunan)---East (Jiangxi, Zhejiang)----North (Shandong and other places) a branch mainly called Li, which was also called Li before the Zhurong Changqin tribe migrated to Shandong, and rice cultivation was preserved, so it was still Li.
Fuxi and Nuwa period, Zhurong’s Battle of Gonggong and Yan Emperor period were the activity center in Shaanxi. The titles of this period were called Zhurong; and "Tong" evolved from the evolution of "Dong-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Therefore, the "Zhong" tribe is a branch from south to west and then north to east.
Because of the "heavy" new tribe "xi", the "li" new tribe "has". However, "heavy" and "he" are active in the west; "Li" and "Xi" are active in the east. After the Zhurong tribe migrated from west to east, the two major branches converged in Shandong, forming a new "Zhong, Gao, You, and Xi", entering the Huangdi period.
Therefore, the surname gene will also undergo different changes. After all, "金" and "金" are in the northwest (the active tribes represent different directions together with "金, "金, "金, "金" and "金" are different. Explanation is based on a fixed direction. "金" means that only in the south cannot migrate, and Li cannot change in the north. This is impossible. Moreover, after Huangdi, he specifically determined "金"), which would merge with the later slow-evolving Homo sapiens in Shanxi and other places. , genes will also change; "Li" and "Xi" move in the southeast to maintain agricultural cultivation, becoming the pioneers of Jiuli, and are mostly called "Jiuli" and "Xi". Therefore, the scope of activity of "Li" and "Xi" is the same. Later, the Longshan Village, Wafangdian, the Liaodong Peninsula surrounding Dalian, entered the community of Homo sapiens in the late Paleolithic period 17,000 years ago; afterwards, the two tribes of Zhurong's activity converged, and new changes were produced, and they were fusion and changes with other new tribes.
The confluence of the Chongqing Li tribe is to sacrifice, and everyone can communicate with the world, and it has entered its heyday. Later, the "Old Huang Calendar" that predicts the good and bad luck of the day was created, "Mandarin·Chu Yu": "The virtues of the nine li are mixed, and the people and gods are mixed, and things cannot be divided into. The wife enjoys it, and the family is a witch and historian, and there is no need for quality. The people are scarce to worship, but they do not know their blessings. The people enjoy the excessive amount, and the people and gods are in the same position."
Therefore, there are genetic measurements, Dong surname genes or other surname genes, and it is found that the genes differ in a certain paragraph.
From the time perspective: Pengshantou site in Li County, Changde, Hunan is about 9,000-8,300 years ago. Chengtou Mountain City was built during the Daxi culture period 6,000 years ago. From the Pengshantou site to the "Mont" of Chengtou Mountain spans 2,000 years; the migration of rice from the south proves that it comes from Guangxi, Hunan and other places; Hemudu culture is the Neolithic culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin in China, mainly distributed in the Ningshao Plain and Zhoushan Island on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, from 5,000 BC to 3,300 BC. It mainly focuses on rice farming, and also engages in animal husbandry, collection and fishing and hunting; Dawenkou culture is a Neolithic culture. It is named after the Dawenkou site in Tai'an City, Shandong Province. The distribution area reaches the coast of the Yellow Sea in the east, the eastern part of the western Shandong Plain in the west, the southern coast of the Bohai Sea in the north, and the Huaibei area in Jiangsu south, and is basically in the Shaohao culture area recorded in ancient books. In addition, the ruins of this cultural type have also been discovered in Henan and northern Anhui. According to the data after radiocarbon generation and correction, the Dawenkou culture age was about 6500-4500 years ago, and the Zhurong tribe migrated later than 6707 years ago, and the was divided in 4781 BC in 2004). The Haidai Longshan culture lasted for about 600 years, and the dividing between the early and late stages was about 4,300 years ago. Wang Dayou took the Huangdi Xuanyuan regime to a total of fifteen emperors, and passed down the country for 461 years (4513-4053 BC); Shaohao Jintian regime to a total of seven emperors, and passed down the country for 264th year (4053-3790 BC). The Dawenkou culture existed during the Huangdi period, and Zhurong was also the main tribe of the Huangdi Alliance during the Huangdi period. It proved that during the Dawenkou culture period, the Zhurong tribe had long migrated to the Shandong area.
However, from a culture perspective alone, it seems that there are differences between the Dongyi tribe and the Zhurong tribe and other tribes. However, in terms of time: the second phase of Miaodigou culture (3900 BC to 2780 BC) is distributed in the three provinces of Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi, and it is basically in the same period from the Dawenkou culture age of about 6,500-4,500 years ago. Before this period, it was the period of Zhurong tribe migration. It was also a period when the Zhurong tribe spreads culture. The partial integration of Zhurong tribe migrated to Shandong. The new tribe "Xigai (he)" that originally differentiated from Chongqing Li may have become closer because of some special cultures and became "Xihe", which led to historians analyzing: "Shaohao was the name of the tribe from the late Dawenkou culture to the middle of Longshan culture. Although the order of Xihe and Shaohao was not found, according to the "Shan Hai Jing", it is undoubtedly true that the country of Shaohao and the country of Xihe are consistent in the local view." This is also why historians later could not figure out why the Sanmiao culture is almost the same as the Zhurong culture? Why are the Daxi culture (about 4400 BC to 3300 BC), Qujialing culture (about 3300 BC to 2600 BC), and Liangzhu culture (from 3300 BC to 2000 BC) related to Zhurong differentiation? This article explains this and solves the above doubts.
"Mandarin. Chu Yu": "San Miao is the descendant of Jiuli." "After that, San Miao restored the virtues of Jiuli." Confucius said: "The king of San Miao is a descendant of Chiyou." Zheng Xuan said: "The people of Miao are the descendants of Jiuli. The king of Jiuli abandoned the good way when Shaohao declined and abandoned the good way. The emperor imposed heavy punishments on Chiyou. The one who must change Jiuli to talk about the people of Miao is Miao, and the descendants of Jiuli. Zhuanxu used Shaohao to kill Jiuli and divided his descendants into the Three Kingdoms. Gao Xin's decline regained the virtues of Jiuli, and Yao was promoted and killed. Yao was in the late dynasty again, and Yao ministers and Shun fled again. Yu took the position and rebelled in Dongting, and Yu was killed again."
4.3. Xihe of Zhurong tribe was the disseminator of the calendar, sacrifice, and divination witch
0 4.3. Xihe of Zhurong tribe was the disseminator of the calendar, sacrifice, and divination witch
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The migration of the Zhurong tribe covers Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Zhejiang and other places. The Dahe Village type was also called the Qinwangzhai type in the late period, and its age was about 3,500 years to 3,000 years BC. The type of Qin Wangzhai is Zhurong culture, and the ancient city of Xishan, Zhengzhou (founded 5,300 years ago, abandoned about 5,000 years ago, or abandoned 4,800 years ago) is the ruins of Zhurong.
"Shan Hai Jing". "The West Classic of Great Wilderness": "There is a country of Northern Di. The grandson of Emperor Huangdi was called Shijun, and Shijun was born in Beidi. There are Mangshan, Guishan, and Guishan. There are people on it, called Prince Changqin. Zhuanxu gave birth to Laotong, Laotong gave birth to Zhurong, and Zhurong gave birth to Prince Changqin. It is located in Guishan, and it was the first to have a musical style."
"Shan Hai Jing." "The Great Wilderness Western Classic": "Someone called Wu Hui, Qi Zuo, which means there is no right arm."There is a man named Wu Hui, who only has his left arm left. Ke's case: Wang Niansun changed the scripture "Qi Zuo" to "Qi Zi", probably not. Guo Pu said: "It is Qi Wang." Wu Hui and Zhu Rong's younger brother were also the fire commander. "The Emperor's Chapter of the Great Daili Emperor said: "The old boy gave birth to Chongqing Li and Wu Hui. Emperor Ku killed Chongqing Li and appointed his younger brother Wu Hui as Chongqing Li. Later, he resided in Huo Zheng and became Zhurong. Therefore, they all regarded Chongqing Li as one person and Wu Hui as one person. Then, Chongqing Li was two, which seemed to be Wu Hui. Lu's Spring and Autumn (Mengxia Chapter) also said: "The god of Huilu in Wu Kingdom was entrusted to the stove.', Wang Fu and Gao Yu also appointed Li as Wu Hui, which was combined with this classic. Chong and Li were fire officials one after another, so they were both named Zhurong."
"Han Shu·Geography" records: "The people of Chu believe in witches and ghosts, and valued lewd sacrifices." Wu Hui, the leader of the Youyu family, took over the "Jingfu" as the official of Huo Zheng Zhurong during the reign of Emperor Gao Xin.
Then, Zhurong tribe, including the later Sanmiao tribe, the Yi and Yao tribes, "believe in witchcraft and value lewd sacrifices" is the leading role of witchcraft culture.
"Shan Hai Jing". "The West Classic of Great Wilderness": "There is a country of Beidi. The grandson of Huangdi was called Shijun, and Shijun was born in Beidi. There is Mangshan. There is Guishan. There is a mountain on it. There is someone on it, called Prince Changqin. Zhuanxu gave birth to Laotong, Laotong gave birth to Zhurong, and Zhurong gave birth to Prince Changqin. It is located in Mount Gui, and he started to have musical style." Prince Changqin of Zhurong became the founder of music. Of course, Zhuanxu was the period before the Zhurong tribe, and the legend was included in the post-Huangdi Emperor. Similarly, "The Classic of Hai Nei": "Boling, the grandson of Emperor Yan, Boling and Wu Quan's wife, were married to the wife of Wu Quan. The mother was pregnant for three years and was born in Gu, Yan, and Zhu. She was the Marquis, and Gu and Yan were the bells, and the song "Happy Feng" was listed in the grandson of Emperor Yan.
"Suoyin" quotes "Xiben" and "Lu Lizhi": "Huangdi asked Xihe to divine the sun, and Changyi to divine the moon... Rongcheng summarized these six techniques and wrote "Diaoli"", and the sun and moon of the Zhurong tribe appeared to be divided into two tribes for observation, and Changyi is Changyi's voice transformation. Originally, history should have belonged to the Huangdi period, and to the Zhurong (Changyi) period, but later generations mainly used men. Is it based on this to record the Shaohao period? Historians mainly use men, so they are not the leader of the Zhurong tribe. However, according to the "Imperial Century", "The Yuan concubine, the daughter of Xiling, was called Lazu, gave birth to Changyi. The second concubine, the daughter of Fang Lei, was called Nu Yue, gave birth to Qingyang. The second concubine, the daughter of Tongyu, gave birth to Yigu, was named Canglin. The second concubine, the mother of Lao, was under the three of them."
Xihe inherited Zhurong's astronomical observations and became the source of the calendar. Shaohao married into Zhurong (Chongli is a marriage alliance, Shaohao is a Li tribe, Xi is a close-to-earth tribe, Chang Xi belongs to a close-to-earth tribe, and he is a differentiated Xi) tribe, Chang Xi also turned into Shaohao's wife: the name of the sun goddess is Xihe. "Shan Hai Jing": "Beyond the East China Sea, between the Ganquan, there is the country of Xihe. A woman named Xihe was the wife of Di Jun. She was born for ten days and often bathed in Ganyuan." In other words, there was a woman named Xihe in the Xihe tribe named Xihe, who was the wife of Di Jun and gave birth to ten suns. ", Xihe bathes ten suns in Ganyuan every day. Mother of the Sun." This is one of the legends about Xihe. "Lüshi Chunqiu" says, "...Xihe made the divination of the sun, Shangyi made the divination of the moon..." Shangyi is a different story of Chang Xi . As officials who made the divination of the sun and the moon, they were deified into the divination of the sun and the moon.
Because later generations used the marriage of the tribe to speculate before the marriage of men and women, but in the later period of Zhuanxu and Emperor Ku, Lu Zhong and others still joined the daughter's family, how could they come to the men's tribe? Shaohao also joined the heavy tribe.
5, "Jedi Tiantong" of Zhurong tribe "Chongli"
Because the mountains are towering into the clouds, they are imagined to be the passage to heaven. Zhurong observes astronomy and is often set up in the mountains. Later, together with the sacrifices, they are on the top of the mountain, which is a place where gods often travel. After the rebellion of Chiyou (leading the gods and mountain spirits and water monsters to oppose Huangdi), it affected the people on earth, and torture was rampant and killings continued.
"Huainanzi·Yuandao Xun" Note: "The four directions are called the heaven and earth, and from ancient times to the present, it is called the universe, to describe the heaven and earth." However, "the heaven and earth connect ("to the sky and the earth")", the sky gradually rises, the earth gradually sinks, and the heaven and earth that are not far apart from the wood become far away and can no longer play the role of a ladder. From then on, the "main" of the sky was specially managed by the sky, and the "li" of the earth was specially managed by the land."Zhong" leads some people to study the sacrifices of heaven, and "Li" is responsible for the people's farming and farming. God is under the control of "Quan", the people are under the control of "Li", and the "people and the people" come from this. In the "Shan Hai Jing", the Zhurong tribe, the gateway to the sun and moon mountain, the gateway to heaven and earth, the gateway to heaven and earth, Chong and Li are used to going up to heaven and earth, worshiping heaven, worshiping earth and ancestors, so they can escape the world and connect with heaven and earth; they are dedicated to the transportation of heaven and earth. The above article discusses Zhurong's "Jedi Tiantong" with great powers, knowing astronomy and geography, knowing agriculture, medicine, breeding, smelting, music, etc., being well-versed in ancient and modern times, mastering the four seasons, sacrificing and divination, and you can reach the heavenly court and communicate with the sky, go to the underworld, communicate with gods and ghosts, and move between heaven, earth and man. It originates from observing the movement of celestial bodies, astronomical and agricultural arrangements. He is mainly good at observing the fine measurement and calculation of celestial bodies' movements, positions, periods, years, months and days, astronomical predictions, etc.; Li is good at formulating the lunar calendar in combination with seasons.
In the era of Huangdi rule, people and gods were mixed, and gods could freely go to the world, and people could also travel between heaven and earth through the ladder (that is, Kunlun Mountain, created by Huangdi). Everyone is connected with heaven and earth, and the three lines of the eight trigrams are the records of the mutual communication between heaven and earth and man. Can people go to the Heaven Court to file a complaint? That is, you can ask gods to sacrifice, and of course, gods and immortals can also go to the people at will. "The Old Almanac" is a combination of Yangyang and Divination of Witches. People can predict good and bad luck through the "Almanac", which disrupts the management order. Through the unified management of the Zhurong tribe and the unified management of Li, only Chongqing Li can go to heaven and earth, and others cannot communicate with gods and ghosts (using the date and budget for good and bad luck and astronomy). It's easier for the people to deal with. Gods and people in the world cannot go to the world at will without permission from "Qing" and "Li"! In ancient times, people recorded or circulated literary and management historical materials through myths.
Myth is linked to social change and to the economic development of society. Animal Husbandry has truly begun to become a professional division of labor separated from agriculture, which is conducive to promoting social evolution; observing astronomy and historical materials management have been carried out by specialists since then, and the standardization of calendars, religious beliefs, etiquette, music, marriage, etc. has accelerated the differentiation of tribes and the progress of culture.
5.1, "The Heaven and Heaven ("Survey to the Earth")" myth
"The Great Wilderness West Classic": "Zhuanxu gave birth to Lao Tong, and Lao Tong gave birth to Chongli. The emperor ordered him to offer up to heaven and ordered Li Qiong (seal) to go down to the earth. He was in the western extreme, and he was in the direction of the sun, moon and stars."; Why should he separate the heaven and earth? First of all, Chongqing Li was earlier than Xihe, and the advancedness of the changes in the Chong tribe of "Dong-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ginger is still the old spicy, Observation of astronomy is still more powerful; there is a way to manage farming and farming. The division of labor between agriculture and animal husbandry has finally begun to break away. Form different divisions of labor. It has laid a guarantee for the enrichment of products. This is an epoch-making change, and this is a huge change in the management of new and old. From then on, professional division of labor began to emerge as a whole in agriculture and animal husbandry.
At the same time, observing astronomy and historical materials management have been carried out by specialists, carefully divided the labor, and "heavy" serves as the Nanzheng to manage the observation of the movement of celestial bodies, and "Li" conducts astronomy and calendar related to agriculture, especially the approved calendar, and declares the agricultural time. The activities of witch occupation were concentrated, the reform of the calendar and religious reform were accelerated, the wizard class appeared, theocracy became a privilege, and religious beliefs were standardized. Regulating etiquette and music plays a catalyst for tribal differentiation. In the past, domesticated animals were differentiated, but the tribe was still the work of all people. Now we have to change the mixed mode. This is "Ling Chongsheng to heaven and Li Qiong (seal) to the earth." It has begun, and this is the essence of "falling to the sky" that contains . At the same time, only Chongqing Li can go to the world and communicate with the world, proving that this tribe masters various advanced technological cultures such as history, astronomy, etc.
This period was also the beginning of witchcraft culture. Combined with the background at that time, he resisted the reform of the marriage system with the Chongqing Li tribe and opposed the management of matriarchal clans to the management of patriarchal clans. The powerful Zhurong tribe must maintain its traditions. Huangdi was the founder, but it was impossible to consider the implementation. It can be confirmed by Zhuanxu, Shaohao, Lu Zhong and others joining Zhurong tribe. Moreover, the Zhurong tribe also mastered advanced culture. However, there is also great resistance. The Zhurong tribe is unwilling to change the tradition of male marriage into female families, but maintains marriage into marriage (it can be confirmed from the Yao people at the junction of Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi provinces that were still popular in marriage into marriage in the 1950s). In order to distinguish their descendants, the patriarchy also needs to solve the problem by force. The surplus of products, living together to separating from families, the male power needs to leave the product to its descendants. The longer the time, the stage of the old conservative forces will be from "close-hand combat" to "hand-to-hand combat". Finally, a war was fought by winning over internal groups, that is, the subsequent groups that accepted ideas. Thus evolved into a myth. In the early days of Zhuanxu, the matriarchal system was still under the matriarchal system, and the intelligence of men was often suppressed. After Zhuanxu conquered Jiuli, he reformed this system. "Huainanzi·Qi Su" tells Zhuanxu's legislation: "Women do not avoid men on the road, but browse on the road of the four roads." In matriarchal society, women do not give way to men. Zhuanxu first established a new law, and all women who do not give way to men are excluded from the great road. Such behaviors show that Zhuanxu is vigorously promoting the transformation of society into a patriarchal system. During the Zhuanxu period, it finally broke out.
"Shangshu Lu Xing" Zheng Xuan's note: "The Miao people were descendants of Jiuli, Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, and his son was called Sanmiao." Zheng's note: "There was Miao, descendants of Jiuli. Zhuanxu used Shaohao to kill Jiuli, and divided his descendants, and became Sanmiao who lived in Western descent." The above article stated: From then on, it proved that Zhuanxu was not the Jiuli tribe, Xihe and Chongli (at this time, Li was ), which had a prerequisite for Zhuanxu to marry into the Zhurong Chongli tribe. "Mandarin. Chu Yu": "San Miao is the descendant of Jiuli." "After that, San Miao restores the virtues of Jiuli." It belongs to the Yao period, proving the relationship between Zhurong and San Miao, and later in the same tribe. The above article "Zuo Zhuan. The 29th Year of Zhaogong" says: "Gou Mang, Zhurong and others are all the names of the Five Elements, and are the names of Chongli, and are all humans and ghosts. Why are they called them together? "The answer was: "These five sons can do their best to others, and they are similar to ghosts and gods, so they are called the same as them. "; Therefore, I have argued that the Guifang belonged to the Zhurong tribe a long time ago.
5.2, migration after Huangdi
5.2.1, and created the "Huangdi Li"
"Shan Hai Jing·Hai Nei Jing": "Huangdi's wife Lei Zu gave birth to Changyi, and the place where the Changyi descended is like water, and she gave birth to Korean wave. Han Liu raised his head and ears, his face was a pig's beak, his body was a canal, and he took Naozi and said to be A Nu, and gave birth to Emperor Zhuanxu. "; "Records of the Grand Historian: The Three Dynasties": "Huangdi gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi gave birth to Zhuanxu. ”, Two different Zhuanxu lineages?
And the Huangdi genealogy worn by "The Great Dai Li·Imperial Lineage": "Huangdi lives in the hills of Xuanyuan and married the son of the Xiling clan, which is called the Lazu clan, and has Qingyang and Changyi. Qingyang descends to the river in Zhushui, and Changyi descends to the river in Ruoshui. Changyi married the son of Shushan clan, and was called Changpu clan, and he gave birth to Zhuanxu. Zhuanxu married Teng's son, who was called Nu Lu's son, and gave birth to an old child. Lao Tong married the family of Jieshui, and the son of Jieshui was called Gao Bi, who gave birth to Chongli and Wu Hui. "These are supplemented. The records in "Records of the Grand Historian: The Five Emperors" are generally the same: " Huangdi lives in the hills of Xuanyuan and married the daughter of Xiling, and was the ancestor of Laozu. Laozu was the chief concubine of Huangdi and gave birth to two sons. After that, they all had the world: one was Xuan Xiao, which was Qingyang, which descended to the river. The other was Changyi, which descended to the river. Changyi married the daughter of Shushan, and was called Changpu, who gave birth to Gaoyang, and Gaoyang had the virtue of holy. Huangdi died and buried in Qiaoshan. Gao Yang, the son of his grandson Changyi, was the emperor Zhuanxu. Emperor Zhuanxu Gaoyang is the grandson of Huangdi and the son of Changyi. ", "Hai Neijing": "Boling, the grandson of Emperor Yan, Boling and Wu Quan's wife, A daughter, were born in the wife for three years, and she was born in Gu, Yan and Zhu. It is the Marquis, and the drum and Yan are the bells, and the joy of the wind. ”
"The Century of Emperors" records: "The Yuan concubine, the daughter of Xiling, was called Laozu, and she was born and prospered. The second concubine, Fang Lei's daughter, was named Miss Day, and gave birth to Qingyang.The second concubine, the daughter of Tongyu, gave birth to Yigu, and was named Canglin. The second concubine, the mother of the mother, was under the three of them. "; "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors": "Huang Emperor's wife, Lazu, gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi descended to Ruoshui, married the daughter of Shushan clan, and was called Changpu, and gave birth to Gaoyang, ", "Emperor Zhuanxu Gaoyang was the grandson of Huangdi and the son of Changyi." Compared with "Shan Hai Jing", there are many Han Liu and Chong and Li?
"Book of Learning" Volume 9 quotes from "The Century of Emperors": "Zhuanxu, the grandson of Huangdi, the son of Changyi, and the surname Ji. His mother was called Jingpu, a daughter of Shushan, and was the chief concubine of Changyi, and she was called Nushu. At the end of Jintian clan, the Yaoguang star penetrates the moon like a rainbow, touching the palace of Nushu Youfang, and giving birth to Zhuanxu in Ruoshui. "Lüshi Chunqiu·Ancient Music": "Emperor Zhuanxu was born from Ruoshui, and was in real place. He was ascended to the emperor..." These materials all say that Zhuanxu was a descendant of Huangdi, and was unearthed, grew up, and became emperor in Shushan, Ruoshui, and Qiongsang.
The key points of these documents: "Changyi descends to Ruoshui", "Changyi married the daughter of Shushan, and was called Changpu, and gave birth to Gaoyang", "Huangdi collapsed and buried Qiaoshan", "Born from Ruoshui, and was in real place.", combined with "Hai Neijing": "The wife of Emperor Yan, the son of Chishui, listened to Yan's residence, Yan's residence gave birth to the festival, and the festival gave birth to the opera artifact, and the opera artifact was born to Zhurong. Zhurong descends to the river water, and he is born and works together. Gonggongsheng's artifact, the artifact is first and the ground is restored to the river. Gonggong gave birth to Houtu, Houtu gave birth to choke, and choke was born in 12 years." The appearance of "Zhurong descended to the river water, and choke was born to Gonggong. ”. I argued in the article "Research on Changes in the Center of Ancient Civilizations": "'The artist is Zhu Rong. Zhurong descended in the river water, and the production and construction work were carried out. It is not life, but the replacement of tribal leaders. ...Submit, surrender, surrender, surrender. The Zhurong tribe belongs to a powerful tribe. Starting from the Yan Emperor Zhurong, Zhurong’s long qin migrated. Yan Emperor Shennong, Cangjie, and Chiyou were all the leaders of major tribal alliances or leaders of regional alliances. Therefore, between the Yangshao culture (about 5,000 to 7,000 years ago) and the Daxi culture (about 4,400 to 3,300 BC), there is at least 800 years missing. During the period of Emperor Xuanyuan (4513 BC-4053 BC), after winning the battle with Chiyou, Zhurong was partially surrendered to the river, that is, the Yangtze River Basin, far away from the plains. There is also a record in "Shan Hai Jing": "The valley of Chaoyang is called Tian Wu, which is the water Bo." "So, the Daxi culture was formed (it was distributed from central and southern Hubei in the east, east Sichuan in the west, north to the north shore of Dongting Lake, north to the middle reaches of the Han River, mainly concentrated on the two sides of the western part of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. According to the years when radiocarbons were periodized and corrected, it was about 4400 BC to 3300 BC. The main sites are Honghuatao in Yidu, Hubei, Zhijiangguanmiaoshan, and Jiangling Maojiashan, Songzi osmanthus tree, Wangjiagang, Gong'an, Sanyuan Palace and Dingjiagang, Tangjiagang and Huachenggang in Li County, Hunan Province, Tangjiagang and Huachenggang in Anxiang (see Guanmiaoshan ruins and Sanyuan Palace ruins).); Later, the formation of Qujialing cultural age was about 3300 BC-2600 BC BC (distributed in Yichang in the western Yue Dynasty but did not enter Sichuan, north to south to south to Henan (Nanyang area), east to Hubei, south to Dongting Lake. According to its distribution range, it can be divided into four districts: Jianghan Plain District, west Hubei, north Hunan and east Hubei. There are Jingshan Qujialing site, Jingzhou Yinxiangcheng ruins, Shishou Zoumaling site, Zhongxiang Liuhe ruins, Tianmen Dengjiawan, Tanjialing and Xiaojiafangji ruins, etc.) Each migration has a higher cultural level.
However, although some of the Zhurong tribe migrated to "Zhurong descends to the river", that is, "Changyi descends to Ruoshui", then the tribe leader where "Changyi" was originally located became "Changxi", which is still just the name of Zhurong tribe's division.
The civilization center at that time had been transferred to Shandong, and the Daxi culture was also elected by the Zhurong tribe as the tribe leader, managing water and rice planting, and Zhurong and Gonggong formed a marriage tribe alliance; "Changyi married the daughter of Shushan, called Changpu, and gave birth to Gaoyang", and when "Huangdi collapsed and buried Qiaoshan", Zhuanxu returned to Dongyi, "Lüshi Chunqiu·Gule": "Emperor Zhuanxu was born from Ruoshui, and was actually in Kongsand, so he ascended to be the emperor...", Shaohao became the leader of the Zhurong tribe, including the leader of the Dongyi tribe, and finally became the leader of each tribe: "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·The East Classic of Great Wilderness" says: "The big valley outside the East Sea, the country of Shaohao, Shaohao's religiosity, Emperor Zhuanxu, abandoned his zither. If there is a Ganshan Mountain, the Ganyuan, and the Gansu water comes from here." The Huangdi tribe alliance reached the "Nation of Shaohao", that is, the tribe alliance with Shaohao as the leader, and then went to Zhuanxu as the alliance of various tribes. Of course, in order to maintain the orthodox Huangdi, the "Book of the Five Emperors" wrote in "The Records of the Five Emperors": "Huangdi collapsed and buried Qiaoshan. Gao Yang, the son of his grandson Changyi, was established as Emperor Zhuanxu." It is not to say that Chang means "emperor", nor to say that Shaohao is "emperor", and that Chang means emperor, which conflicts with the later orthodox male, and that Shaohao is emperor, is not an embarrassing situation of inheritance of the lineage? Therefore, "Records of the Grand Historian" is also deliberately giving up.
Of course, combined with the Huangdi calendar, we can see that Meiduan: the old Huangdi calendar in China is the "Huangdi Calendar", which is often called "Old Huangdi Calendar" or "Old Huang Calendar". According to the "Han Shu? Lu Lizhi", the oldest calendar in China is the Huangdi Calendar, which was produced on the basis of the Chinese lunar calendar. It is a kind of Yin and Yang calendar with the month of Jianzi (the handle of the Beidou Dou pointes to the month of the winter solstice) as the year. Open the starting point of the sight of the symbol and the time, create the ten heavenly stems and the twelve earthly branches (compose sixty stems and branches), express the yin and yang and five elements, and determine the four seasons with a leap month, which will form the year. Including the movement of the sun, moon, and five stars, calculation of position; determination of stars and moments in the midnight and dan; forecasts of sun and lunar eclipses, etc. It has many calendars that represent the good and bad luck of the day. The ancient calendar of Chinese uses the yin and yang calendar , which is more accurate than the pure solar calendar or pure lunar calendar used in other countries. It is the crystallization of ancient scientific observation and research.
Just imagine, "Records of the Grand Historian: The Three Generations of Generations": "Huangdi gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi gave birth to Zhuanxu." It is not a real lineage, but changes in the calendar and monthly calendar, and changes in the management tribe. Huangdi's birth of Changyi is actually the outstanding contribution made by Changyi, namely the Changyi tribes of Changxi and Zhurong during the period of Huangdi's administration. Therefore, during the Huangdi Alliance period, when it entered the Changyi Alliance period, he was listed as: "Huangdi gave birth to Changyi, and Changyi gave birth to Zhuanxu." This is from the perspective of the calendar: Huangdi's "Old Huangcal" was created by Changyi, and Changyi (Changxi) also created the monthly calendar. By the Zhuanxu period, the Zhurong tribe created the "Zhuanxu Calendar". That is, "Old Almanac"---"Month Calendar"---"Zhuanxu Calendar" is a process of change.
5.2.2. The "Calendar" was created during the Shaohao period
The culture of the Shaohao period was still Zhurong culture as an advanced culture, not representing Dongyi culture. It is also because of Zhurong culture that the witch culture and sacrificial culture were brought to the Dongyi tribe.
During the reign of Shaohao, "Zuo Zhuan. The Twenty-ninth Year of Zhaogong" says: "Shaohao's fourth uncle, called Chong, Jiao, Xu, and Xi." "The Great Wilderness Southern Classic": "Overseas in the east (south) and between the sweet water, there is a country of Xihe, and there is a woman named Xihe, who bathes in Ganyuan. Xihe is the wife of Emperor Jun, who is born ten days." "The Great Wilderness Western Classic": "There is a woman bathing in the moon, and Emperor Jun's wife Chang Xi is born ten two months old, and some people are bathing in the sun," Xihe is the mother of the sun, and Chang Xi is the mother of the moon, and the moon is bathing in the west. "Records of the Grand Historian. Almanac": "The sun returns to the west, and starts to the east; the moon returns to the east, and starts to the west." Bathing in the sun, bathing in the moon is the religious ceremony at that time. "Lüshi Chunqiu" says, "... Xihe made the divination of the sun, Shangyi made the divination of the moon..." Shangyi is a different record of Chang Xi . As officials who divine the sun and the moon, they were deified into the sun and the moon.
In order to distinguish the sun and the moon, Xi and two names are replaced by Xi and the combination of yin and yang, and the myth becomes Shaohao’s two wives? One woman from the Nuwa clan is called "Xihe", and the other woman from the Xiling clan is called "Chang Xi". That's how the myth comes.
Later, "Chang'e Flying to the Moon" and "Houyi Shoots the Sun", shooting Jiuli (Jiu Sun) down as a demon? In ancient times, there were ten suns in the sky (that is, the ten days of the Shaohao period, which was the mother of the sun, and the ten days of birth of Xihe, then Xihe was the Zhurong tribe, belonging to Jiuli), and people could not withstand the high temperature (the climate at that time implies "Jiuli's chaos and virtue"). Houyi was extremely powerful and shot out nine suns (, namely Jiuli, Li, Sun God ). "Huainanzi·Benjingxu" summarizes the story of Dayi shooting the sun: "When it was time to catch Yao, it was released in ten days, scorching crops, killing plants and trees, but the people had no food. The sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred sacred This is to drive Jiuli and Sanmiao to the area around Dongting Lake. Therefore, the bamboo slips unearthed from the Chu Tomb No. 2 Baoshan, Jingmen, Hubei Province have the following records: The ancestors of the Chu people were Lao Tong, Zhurong, and Yu Ting.
Is it really a wife or a tribe? Shaohao ordered Xihe to be the Sunday, and Xi was the month. He used Xuanji Yuheng and Guanguan instruments to observe the laws of the movement of the celestial phenomena and the sun and the moon, adjust the calendar, and guide the production and life of the subjects.
No matter what, it was the beginning of this period that created December. The twelve-month calendar was calculated by Shaohao's "wife" Chang Xi based on observing the changes in the length of the shadow of the wood dial and the law of the moon round and ignition. She believes that the twelve months each year are more in line with the laws of nature, and the twelve months are just in line with the twelve earthly branches, making it easier to record time.
further developed the gossip calendar. Shaohao's twelve-month calendar stipulates that it is 365 days a year. It is December each year, with thirty days per month, totaling 360 days; the Chinese New Year is five days, totaling 365 days.
"Shan Hai Jing·The Great Wilderness Southern Classic" says: "Xihe is the wife of Emperor Jun, who was born ten days." He also wrote the same book "The Great Wilderness Western Classic": "The Emperor Jun's wife Chang Xi, who was born ten days a month." This means that Chang Xi created the twelve-month calendar. This is the creation of the Zhurong tribe's calendar originated from observing astronomical things. From "Old Calendar" to "Month Calendar", it is actually a change in various calendars.
5.2.3, the "Zhuanxu Calendar" was created and reformed
After Zhuanxu obtained the status of leader, he served as the Nanzheng as his "son" Zhong "Zhong" to manage astronomical affairs and grasp the power of witch history; "Li" served as the Beizheng, managing ground affairs, especially approving the calendar and declaring the farming season. After the separation of the affairs of heaven and earth, many superstitious activities of witches were concentrated in the north. The religious reform accelerated social division, the wizard class appeared, theocracy became a privilege, and religious beliefs were standardized. The male and civilians in the country are called "sons of Zhuanxu". They establish a political system according to the patriarchy system and vigorously promote the transformation of society into a patriarchy. "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors": "Emperor Zhuanxu Gaoyang is the grandson of Huangdi and the son of Changyi. Jingyuan is a plan and a clear understanding of affairs; he nourishes materials to serve the earth, carries the time to reflect the sky, controls the righteousness according to ghosts and gods, governs qi and educates, and sincerely sacrifices." According to "Han Shu? Lu Lizhi", the oldest calendar in China is the Huangdi calendar. During the reign of Emperor Zhuanxu, the calendar was revised, and this revised calendar was called Zhuanxu calendar. This calendar still belongs to the ancient four-quarter calendar. It divides the four seasons of the annual calendar according to the celestial phenomena, and uses the Chen star as the main observation star to govern the calendar. "Observe the meeting of the sun and Chen star to govern the position of the Chen star" observes the relationship with the twenty-four constellations in the year, determines the cycle of the sun, the fortune of the four seasons and the concept of the year starting from spring. The four seasons are divided into the spring equinox, the mid-summer summer solstice, the mid-autumn autumn equinox, and the mid-winter winter solstice, among which the sun is 365.24 days; the new moon is 29.53 days; if the 12 new moons are one year, then there is only 354.37 days, which is 10.77 days apart from the solar year; therefore, a leap month is arranged every three years. At the same time, from the beginning of the use of the Huangdi calendar, the stems and branches were used to record the year, month and day. The starting point is at the moment when the winter solstice solar term arrives. This is exactly the half-moon posture of the new day, and it is designated as the Jiazi month and Jiazi day; that Zi hour is Jiazi hour, and this moment is called "Eleventh Yuan".The starting point of the calendar requires an important condition, that is, at three Jiazi moments, the phenomenon of the sun and the moon being combined and the five stars being connected will inevitably appear in the sky. This is the Xinmao year calculated by Huangdi’s calendar. When Emperor Zhuanxu was in power, he recalculated it and modified it to the year of Yimao, and made new arrangements for the month and the leap. Thus, the most scientific ancient calendar in our country was formed - "Zhuanxu Calendar". For the first time, the focus on phenological observation was clearly shifted to astronomical observation, and the solar terms that were scientifically sorted for one year, and mankind entered a new stage of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, Emperor Zhuanxu was respected as the "Cantonese of the Calendar"; "Lüshi Chunqiu" records that Zhuanxu imitated the sound of the Eight Winds and made "Chengyun"; Zhuanxu was diligent in cultivating virtue and paying attention to etiquette and law, and carried out a series of reforms in the country to educate the people, eliminate superstitions, and promote the development of society at that time. Therefore, these bold reforms and reforms to the calendar, Zhurong's "heading down to the sky" made an indelible contribution.
5.2.4, Yao, Shun and Yu, the Xia Dynasty encircled Jiuli and Sanmiao
"Records of the Grand Historian - The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors": Huan Dou advised Gonggong, Yao said no, but the craftsman tried it, Gonggonggong became lustful. The four Yues raised Gun to control the Hongshui River. Yao thought it was impossible, so Yue Qiang asked to try it, but it was useless, so the people were inconvenient. The three Miaos were in chaos in Jianghuai and Jingzhou, so Shun returned to the emperor and asked to work in Youling to change to the Northern Di; let be happy to do it in Chongshan and change to the Southern Barbarians; move 3 Miaos to the Three Breaking Tribes to change to the Western Rong; kill Gun on "Yushan" to change to the Eastern Yi: the four sins are the world subjugated.
The above article discusses: During the Tang Yao period, Xihe was in charge of astronomy, including Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu. "Shangshu Yao Dian": "Yao ordered the four sons of Xihe (Xizhong, Xishu, Hezhong and Heshu) to go to the east, south, west and north, each in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, to follow the Haotian and respect the people's time." "The Century of Emperors" (Yao) "I ordered the fourth sons of Xi Zhong, Xi Shu, He Zhong and He Shu to take charge of the four mountains. The princes had Miao clan, and were in the southern barbarians but were not convinced. Yao conquered him and defeated him in the Pu of Danshui. He then appointed Yin Shou and Xu You as his teacher, and ordered Bo Kui to visit the sound of mountains, rivers, and valleys, and to make six chapters of music. The world was harmonious and the people had nothing to do." "Shangshu Lu Xing" Zheng Xuan's note: "The Miao people were the descendants of Jiuli, and Zhuanxu killed Jiuli, and his son was called Sanmiao." Zheng's note: "There was Miao, the descendants of Jiuli. Zhuanxu used Shaohao to kill Jiuli, and divided his descendants, and became the Sanmiao who lived in Western descent." From then on, it proved that Zhuanxu was not the Jiuli clan, and Xihe and Chongli (at this time, Li were ), which had a prerequisite for Zhuanxu to marry into the Zhurong Chongli tribe. "Mandarin. Chu Yu": "San Miao is the descendant of Jiuli." "After that, San Miao restored the virtues of Jiuli." It belongs to the Yao period, proving the relationship between Zhurong and San Miao. Later, he was in the same tribe.
"Shangshu·Shun Dian": "The flowing together was in Youzhou, laying down the mountain in Chongshan, and fleeing San Miao in Sanwei, killing Gun in Yushan, and all the world was subdued." "Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of the Five Emperors" wrote: Shun "traveled south, collapsed in the wilderness of Cangwu, and buried in the Jiuyi of Jiangnan, which was Lingling." "Shan Hai Nei Nan Jing" records: "The mountain in Cangwu was buried in Yang, and the emperor was buried in Yin."
"Shangshu·Xia Shu·Yu Gong": " Hai, Dai and Huai are only Xuzhou . Huai and Yi are all wise, Meng and Yu are all craftsmen, and the wilderness is pigs, and the east is flat. Jue earth is red and the tombs, and the plants are gradually covered with grass and trees. Jue land is only the upper middle, and Jue tutu is middle middle. Jue tribute only has five colors of earth, feathers are lying on Xia Zhai, Yi Yang is lonely tung, floating chimes on the Si shore, Huai Yi beads and fish. Jue gu is mysterious and silky. Floating in Huai and Si, reaching in the river (lood). ". Guo Moruo pointed out: "The Yin people have sacrifices when they enter and exit the sun." Among the oracle bone inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty, there are records such as "Xia is in the East Mother, Pump Three, , Dog Three, ", "Jiyou Bu, Gu Zhen, and Dongmu, Jiuniu", "Zhen, Xia is in the East Mother, Sanniu, and "Another". It can be seen that the ritual of "competing with Dongmu" in the Shang Dynasty was very grand. Jing, or to make a liao, the "Oracle Bone Dictionary" interprets it as "the meaning of meeting Pan Chai and sacrificing", which means piled firewood to sacrifice for fire. In "A Summary of the Inscriptions of Yinxu", Chen Jiameng pointed out that the "East Mother" in the inscriptions refers to the sun. Mr. Ding Shan believes that "Dongmu" is an alias for the sun god, and should be Xihe who was born ten days ago in , that is, the sun god . "Xia is Dongmu" means offering sacrifices to the sun with fire.
is visible, and the Zhurong tribe is an observer and manager of astronomical sphere. Master the changes in the four seasons and the arrangement of farming activities. In Zhuanxu, he began to kill Jiuli and became Sanmiao. Yao, Shun and Yu, Sanmiao were in Jianghuai and Jingzhou. Gonggong tribe was in Youling and Northern Di; Huando tribe was in Chongshan and Southern Barbarians; Sanmiao tribe moved to Sanwei and Western Rong; Yugu was called Dongyi in "Yushan".
5.2.5, Emperor Shun died in the wilderness of Cangwu. verified
"Book of Rites·Tan Gong Shang" records: "Shun was buried in the wilderness of Cangwu." So, does Cangwu refer to the ancient Cangwu Kingdom in Hunan or Cangwu County in Guangxi?
Sima Qian (145 BC-90 BC), a historian of the Western Han Dynasty and the third year of Yuanfeng (108 BC), Sima Qian inherited the position of his father Sima Tan, served as the Grand Historian, in charge of astronomy, calendar and royal paintings, so he was able to read books collected by historians. In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), the "Taichu Calendar" was compiled with Tang Du, Luo Xiahong and others to replace the "Zhuanxu Calendar" inherited by Qin. The new calendar adapted to the needs of society at that time. After that, Sima Qian began to write "Records of the Grand Historian".
So, look at the establishment time of Cangwu County, Guangxi: After Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, he began to pacify the Baiyue land in the Lingnan region. In 219 BC, Qin Shihuang sent Tu Sui as the main general and Zhao Tuo as the deputy general to lead an army of 500,000 to pacify Lingnan. Tu Sui was killed by the locals because of his indiscriminate killing of innocent people. "Huainanzi" records: "...and all the people of Yue entered the conglomerate and the beasts, and they were not willing to be the Qin enemy. They set Jie Jun as a general, but attacked the Qin people at night, defeated them, killed Wei Tu Ju, buried the corpse and bleed hundreds of thousands, and then sent them to prepare for it." From this passage, it can be seen that after the Baiyue Army retreated into the mountains and forests, they attacked the Qin army at night, killed the Qin generals, and buried hundreds of thousands of Qin army. Where is this? It is the "Xiaohe Ancient Road" in the area bordering Hunan and Guangxi, and it is also the Cangwu field where Emperor Shun died in battle. Finally, Qin Shihuang adjusted his strategy and built Ling Canal to solve the problem of grain transport; at the same time, he sent more reinforcements, with Ren Xiao as the head commander and Zhao Tuo as the deputy commander, and then fought south again. After four years of hard work, Lingnan was pacified in 214 BC. Qin Shihuang reappointed Ren Xiao as the main general and led a large army to pacify Yue territory with Zhao Tuo. After four years of hard work, in 214 BC, Lingnan finally successfully entered the territory of the Qin Dynasty. Qin Shihuang took Baiyue in the south and established three counties: Nanhai, Guilin and Xiangjun. The county belongs to Guilin County (some say Nanhai County). The jurisdiction of Nanhai County is located in the southeast, bordering the South China Sea, to the west, and to the present Hezhou, Guangxi, and to the north, it connects to Nanling, including part of the current eastern, northern, central and western Guangdong. It has jurisdiction over four counties: Panyu, Longchuan, Boluo and Sihui (according to the "Book of Han", the county is under Panyu. ...At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo attacked Guilin and Xiangjun with force, established the Nanyue Kingdom, and called himself "King of Wu of Nanyue". In the fifth year of Gaohou of the Western Han Dynasty (183 BC), Zhao Tuo called Emperor Wu of Nanyue and named Zhao Guang the King of Cangwu . In the same year, Cangwu Royal City was built. In the autumn of the fifth year of Yuanding (112 BC), Emperor Wu of Han dispatched a total of 100,000 sailors south of the Jianghuai River and divided into five groups to attack Nanyue. The first route, Weiwei Lu Bode, was General Fubo, and led his troops from Guiyang, Changsha (now in Hunan) to the Huangshui River; the second route, Yang Pu, was the general of Louchuan, and went to Yuzhang County (now in Jiangxi) and went straight to Hengpu; the third and fourth routes of were the two Nanyue people who surrendered to the Han Dynasty and were General Xia Li, and led their troops out of Lingling (now in Hunan), and then went straight to Lishui River (now in Guangxi), and the first army went straight to Cangwu (now in Guangxi); the fifth route, using the sinners of Chiyi Hou to mobilize the army of Yelang Kingdom and went straight to Kejiang. The war was very fierce and lasted for a year until the winter of the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC). After Emperor Wu of Han pacified Nanyue, the Han Dynasty divided Nanyue into nine counties: Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, Rinan, Dan'er and Zhuya. In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), after Emperor Wu of Han destroyed the Nanyue Kingdom, he divided seven counties on his original land: Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, and Rinan, including most of the current Guangxi, Guangdong, to Jiangyong County, Hunan, and to the vast area of Hue City, Vietnam in the north. Cangwu County is the capital of Cangwu King City, Guangxin County.
In other words, the establishment of Cangwu County in Guangxi, Lingnan in the Han Dynasty was earlier than the "Records of the Grand Historian" written by Sima Qian; Hong Xingzu (1090-1155) passed the imperial examination in the eighth year of Zhenghe of the Song Dynasty (1118).Later, he was summoned to take the exam for the Secretariat, specializing in books and proofreading classics, and was later transferred to Ph.D. in Taichang. In the 24th year of Shaoxing (1154), Zhaozhou (Pingle County, Guangxi). Hong Xingzu quoted Ruchun in "Chu Ci Bu Notes" and said: "Shun buried nine doubts, 9 doubts are in Fengcheng County, Cangwu, so some people say that Shun buried eight doubts. ." Feng Cheng County was established in the early Western Han Dynasty and belonged to Cangwu County, Jiaozhou. The county is located in Shenpingcheng, which is Lianshanjiao Village, Taoxu Town, Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, Hunan Province (the distance between highway traffic and Guangxi is less than 30 kilometers, and the nearest distance is on both sides of the mountain, less than 10 kilometers). The county includes most of the Jianghua Yao Autonomous County of Hunan Province and the eastern part of Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It was abolished in the fourth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (971), and the eastern border returned to Jianghua County and the western border entered Fuchuan County. Fengcheng County lasted about 1,100 years.
In 1972, a silk book map unearthed from the Han Tomb No. 3, Mawangdui, Changsha was the main area painted in the middle and upper reaches of Xiaoshui, which is the scope of the six counties in the southern part of Yongzhou City today. There are nine columnar objects clearly drawn on the map, with buildings behind the columns, and the words "Di Shun" are noted next to them. This is the earliest physical information we have seen so far to confirm the nine suspicions of Shun Zang. These two silk book maps were buried underground with the tomb owner in 168 BC, at least 33 years earlier than Sima Qian was born! From 2002 to 2004, the Hunan Archaeological Institute conducted three archaeological excavations on the Yuguan Rock of Jiuyi Mountain and discovered the Emperor Shun from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Song and Yuan Dynasties, which was exactly the same as the location marked on the Mawangdui silk book map. Combined with the analysis, I think the place of death is different from the place of burial. The death was in Fengcheng County, Cangwu County in the Han Dynasty, and the burial was located in Jiuyi Mountain (Lingling).
October 10, 2015 11:42

Picture source from the Internet
[Note]: The Xiemuguan Road of Feng Cheng (Fuchuan, Fuchuan’s original capital is located in Zhongshan) of the ancient road of the Qingnan province of the Qin Dynasty, is also called Shimuguan and Moye Pass. After unifying Lingnan in the 33rd year of Qin Shihuang (214 AD), Guilin, Nanhai and Xiangjun were established. Fuchuan belongs to the Nanhai County. Because Fuchuan is the water and land transportation hub of Xiaohe Ancient Road, when the Western Han Dynasty expanded the Qin Dynasty to a "Chu and Guangdong thoroughfare", it moved the ancient road from Fuchuan to Yuankou eastward, so that it diverted from Qingshankou (Gepo) in Fengcheng County to Xiemu County to Daozhou, and merged with Xiaohe Ancient Road from Qingshankou, Mailing Prefecture, and Yuanjiang. It also built a Xiongguan at the Xiaoshui Gorge at the Xipassou at Dapengling, northwest of Fengcheng County (now Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County), called Xiemu Pass. It is connected to Longhu Pass in the west and Baojianzhai in the east (the specific locations in Shiyan and Longwo areas of Fuchuan are to be tested). There are two rivers of Xieshui and Mushui converge in the pass, so it is called "Xiemu". Some local natives also reversed the name of the pass, called "Mu Xieguan". "History of the Song Dynasty" also recorded it as "Moyeguan". "History of the Song Dynasty: Biography" records: In the second year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (1132), Yue Fei's troops attacked Fuchuan and pursued Shucheng. Before the pass, the Song army fought bloody battles with Cao Cheng, and both sides suffered heavy casualties. Finally, "Yue Fei defeated Cao Cheng and entered Moye Pass." In the Ming Dynasty, Xie Mu Pass was called "Xiong Pass". Yankou Camp and Baixiang Camp were divided into the east and west imports of the pass, and troops were stationed to guard the pass. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Cao Zhijian, the general of Zhang Xian, was appointed as the "Fenghuang Pass", which was called Xiaoshuixiasun in the Qing Dynasty. He sent heavy troops to guard the enemy and had extremely strict defense. The Qing Dynasty's "Fuchuan County Chronicles" called it "Jintang of Xiaoshuigu in the northwest". Fuchuan (Feng Cheng) was a water and land transportation hub of Xiaohe Ancient Road. It has always been a place that military strategists must fight for. Xie Muguanxiong, and there have been many fierce and cruel battles inside and outside its pass. In the fifth year of Yuanding in the Han Dynasty (112 BC), Tian Jia, the Marquis of Guiyi, led his army from Fuchuan to Cangwu south. One of them fought fiercely with the local Fengjun at Xiemu Pass; in the fourth year of Wude of Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty (621 AD), Li Jing sent troops from Sichuan to defeat Liang Emperor Xiao Xian, "from Yiling (now Wuchang, Hubei) to Fuchuan to Guizhou (Guilin), and stationed in Huangshaling", and fought bloody battles with the Liang army at Xiemu Pass (see Qianlong's edition of "Fuchuan County Chronicles"); in August of the third year of Kaibao in the Song Dynasty (970 AD), "Pan Mei attacked the Southern Han Dynasty, advanced from Daozhou, followed by Baixiang", "advanced to Fuchuan", and Xiemu Pass also fought (see Daoguang's "Yongming County Chronicles" Volume 10). It can be seen from this that Xie Mu Pass, as an ancient road town and an ancient border, has played a huge role in military defense, security guards and other aspects in all dynasties.
Qin Shihuang's troops had 500,000 casualties and 300,000 injuries should be closed here, including Emperor Shun who should die here. During the Qin Dynasty, the most violent "Qin Ou War" was fought in Fuchuan (the capital is now Zhongshan) and Guilin Xing'an. Two routes attacked Xiou, one from Mengzhuling to He County, Guangxi, and the other through Yuechengling to take Guilin and Guangxi and its south areas. These two routes of troops were killed by the tenacious resistance of the people of Xiou. The general Wei Tuju led an army of 500,000, and died 300,000. "Huainanzi·Human Examination": "So Chen Sheng started in the big lake, shouted loudly, and the world swept, and the play was in the play. Liu and Xiang Xingyi's troops followed, and they were sure that they would be broken and thrust, and then they would lose the world. The disaster was to prepare for Hu and benefit Yue. If you want to know how to build a city to prepare for death, you don't know why the city to build a city to destroy it. You can go to the garrison to prepare for Yue, but you don't know how to get it from it." In 209 BC, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang revolted in the Central Plains, and the Qin Dynasty quickly fell into a state of disintegration. "Huainanzi·Huaijian Xun": "The one who destroyed Qin was Hu." Zhao Tuo separatisted Lingnan and stabilized the language formed after communicating the language of the Central Plains with the language of Nanyue. Qin Shihuang could not conquer for a long time, so he changed to Xing'an to open up the Li River in Xing'an and connect with the Xiangjiang River in Hunan through Lingqu. Only then can the Lingnan be unified.
Feng Cheng, in the sixth year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (111 BC), established Feng Cheng County, belonging to Cangwu County, with the county seat in Shenpingcheng (now Lianshanjiao Village, Taoxu Town, Jianghua Yao Autonomous County); in the ninth year of Kaihuang in the Sui Dynasty (589), Feng Cheng County was changed to Yongzhou General Administration. In the fourth year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty (621), Feng Cheng County established Jianghua County, and belonged to Yingzhou (Daozhou). Because its capital is located in the north of Hanting (now Laoxian Village, Tuojiang Town, Jianghua) and south of Yanghuayan, it is called Jianghua. It was abolished in the fourth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (971), and the eastern border returned to Jianghua County and the western border entered Fuchuan County. Fengcheng County lasted about 1,100 years.
Fuchuan County: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the county and the area are now at the junction of Chu and Yue. In the 33rd year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC), Qin unified Lingnan and established Guilin, Nanhai and Xiangjun, and the county belonged to Nanhaijun. In the third year of Emperor Gaozu of Han (204 BC), it belonged to Guilin County, Nanyue Kingdom. In the sixth year of Yuanding in the Han Dynasty (111 BC), Feng Cheng and Fuchuan counties were first established in the county, which belonged to Cangwu County, the governor of Jiaozhi. In May of the second year of Daguan in the Song Dynasty (1108), Fuchuan was changed to Hezhou, Guangnan West Road. In the ninth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1376), Fuchuan County belonged to Hezhou. In May of the tenth year of Hongwu (1377), Fuchuan County was renamed Xunzhou Prefecture, and later Pingyue Prefecture. In November of the 29th year of Hongwu (1396), the Fuchuan County District of moved from Zhongshan Town to Lingting Township, which is the Mingfuchuan County Town in Fuyang Town.

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