Pengpai News reporter Li Mei
From ancient times to the present, there are countless poems and literary works that sing Jiangnan. Bai Juyi 's " Jiangnan Good " and Su Dongpo 's " Looking at Jiangnan " build the Chinese imagined "Jiangnan".
Suzhou Museum
Pengpai News saw it on the spot. This special exhibition gathers Suzhou Museum, Palace Museum, China National Library , Nanjing Museum, Shanghai Museum , Tianjin Museum , Liaoning Provincial Museum , Zhejiang Provincial Museum, Anhui Museum and 22 domestic and foreign museums including Anhui Museum , and 23 Ming and Qing collections, and 6 digital collections reproduce the collection of the lonely collections. From the collection of "marble stones" of the Forbidden City that witnessed the collection of literati's elegant collections, to famous calligraphy and painting works such as Zhao Mengfu , Huang Gongwang , Ni Zan , Wuzhen , Wang Meng , etc., a elegant and refreshing style. It is beyond the world, and it is the lacquer made by Zhang Cheng and Yang Mao, and the silver raft cup of Zhubishan. It has exquisite techniques and a strong interest in literati.
"Jiangnan in the Yuan Dynasty" exhibition entrance
came here to the "Jiangnan in the Yuan Dynasty" exhibition hall (underground floor) of the Suzhou Museum. Between the artificial scenery background and reeds, it seems to be in the vast smoke and water. By the lake, a fresh and refined atmosphere came to my face.
The Song people's "Heaven in Heaven, Suzhou and Hangzhou on Earth" has been passed down for thousands of years; the popular gardens in the Ming Dynasty, Kunqu , and Wumen calligraphy and paintings define most of the imaginations of future generations of "Jiangnan". In the Yuan Dynasty, between the Song and Ming dynasties, whether calligraphy, painting and cultural relics, had a profound impact on the aesthetic art of Chinese literati art.
However, when later generations look back at the historical trajectory of the generation and development of Jiangnan culture, the Yuan Dynasty was an unavoidable "highlight" era. New trends such as establishing provinces, connecting north and south, and promoting sea transportation have brought fresh stimulation to Jiangnan society. The prosperity of quaternary trade has given birth to a more developed level of handicrafts. The rich economic foundation has provided fertile ground for literati activities, and for a time, famous artists have emerged. , the stars are shining.
Outside the exhibition hall
Outside the exhibition hall furnishings in the exhibition hall
This exhibition is divided into two parts: "Jiangnan Impression" and "Jiangnan Style", which are located in the calligraphy and painting hall and the special exhibition hall of the Subo Museum. While showing the style of Jiangnan in the Yuan Dynasty, we also try to reveal the shape and influence of the Yuan Dynasty on Jiangnan literati culture, so as to look back and explore the historical connotation of Jiangnan culture with the audience. The exhibition planning takes Jiangnan impressions, scenery, beliefs and elegant collections as contexts, selects calligraphy, paintings, and treasures, reconstructs the misty and timeless Jiangnan pictures, and reproduces the diverse and integrated Yuan Dynasty style. Among them, there are the Palace Museum, Liaoning Museum, , Nanjing Museum and other museums, as well as important cultural relics of the Jiangnan of the Yuan Dynasty collected by the Shanghai Museum, Tianjin Museum, Suzhou Museum, etc.
Witnessing the legendary stone appreciation collection of literati in the Yuan Dynasty: "Making Clouds" copper stone in the Yuan Dynasty
Located at the entrance of the exhibition, the focus of the legendary stone appreciation in the Forbidden City - the only piece in the collection of the Forbidden City has a definite question The carved stones of the Yuan Dynasty are also the "living fossil" of the circle of friends of the Yuan Dynasty literati - "making clouds" copper-turned stones.
Yuan Dynasty stone appreciation "Create Cloud" copper stone mutant
This stone appreciation is very legendary. According to relevant documents, this stone is originally in the Yushan grass cottage on the Jiexi River in Kunshan, Jiangsu Gu Ying , at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty The first war was destroyed, and the stone somehow came to the Forbidden City. The reason why this stone is precious is not only because its shape is "embedded with flying robe". More importantly, the stone has Yuan, , Ming Dynasty inscriptions (there are eight inscriptions, four Yuan people and three inscriptions). Ming people, including Gu Ying, Yang Weizhen, Zhang Yu, Dong Qichang, etc.); secondly, this stone is called "the sound is clear and clear, and the Chinese law is firm," and the Forbidden City is called "copper transformed stone".
Yuan Dynasty stone appreciation "Make Clouds" copper-transformed stones partially
1935 "Guanggong Weekly" Issue 433 and 434 Introduction: "Make Clouds" was originally located in the northwest of Huifeng Pavilion behind Fuchen Hall corner. One foot nine inches tall, seven inches and four cents high at the left end, two feet one inches and one cents wide, one foot six inches and five cents high on the side, one foot seven inches wide on the top, one foot five inches and four cents wide on the middle, one foot two inches wide on the bottom Inch and eight minutes. The stone is made of Lingbi, with dark brown color, and is made of yellow stone patterns. When it hits, it sounds as clear as copper. It is a collection of the Yushan Thatched Cottage in Gu Ying of the Yuan Dynasty, and it is engraved with the most engraved. The two words "Make Cloud" are between the foreheads of the stone, and the name is a 3-print of Yang Weizhen in Yuan . "Yushan Caotang Jingwan" has six characters in seal script, arranged on the upper side. Zheng Yuanyou's memory is located next to the six words "Yushan Caotang Jingwan". The text says: In the seventh month of autumn in Gengyin (1350), the owner of Yushan Mountain set up a wine-zhiyun Hall, with tens of lanterns and tens of them, and the spirit stones were out of the way. A volume is listed in the middle, like the wind in the sky, the clouds are swaying and the cliffs are covered with beautiful cloth. When Yang Lian was playing the flute next to him, I occasionally used my teeth to beat the reward, making the sound clear and clear, and the rhythm of the trunks came from the trees. I was very happy when I looked at each other. Lianfu then wrote the word "Crafting Clouds" at the end of the stone, which was based on the sentence "Li Shanchang (Li Daoyuan) to create a cloud wall". Zhongying wanted to move several seats to write his own inscription. People like Yuan Ziying, Li Tingbi, Fang Waiyou, Zhang Boyu, Qi Yuanpu all have sentences. Suichang Zheng Yuanyou remembers the incident. Gu Ying's inscription is on the left end of the record, large seal eight characters, ", with the name Ying, the seal is 2, ", "Juqu Waishi (Zhang Yu's name) Fuguan after drunk" eight characters are on the back of the stone Below is Zhang Yu's book (Zhang Yu is Zhang Boyu). There are three other inscriptions by Ming people on the "Yushan Caotang Qingwan" written on the stone. In front there is an inscription "Zhang Shi from the Renren Mountains and Yan Boqian to watch together". Below the inscriptions of Yuan people behind the strange stone are Gu Lin (right) and Dong Qichang's two inscriptions (left).
From Zhao Mengfu and Ni Zan to the "Four Kings", it presents famous calligraphy and painting works of the Yuan Dynasty and influences
In Yuan Dynasty painting, literati painting occupies the mainstream of the painting world. Because there was no painting academy in the Yuan Dynasty, except for a few professional painters who directly served the palace, most of them were in the capital. They are scholar-official painters and literati painters in the wild. Their creations are relatively free and they mostly express their own living environment, interests and ideals. Their themes such as landscape, dead trees, bamboo and stones, plum and orchid appear in large numbers, directly reflecting the character paintings of social life. Reduce. The works emphasize literary nature and the charm of brush and ink, and attach importance to the combination of calligraphy and painting and poetry, calligraphy and painting.
Zhu Mengfu of Yuan Dynasty Drinking Horse Picture Scroll" exhibition site
The first part of this exhibition "Impression of Jiangnan" focuses on calligraphy and painting in the Yuan Dynasty and its influence. During this period, the Taihu Lake area located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was located in the Taihu Lake area, due to its unique natural scenery and The humanistic talent since the Southern Song Dynasty has become the most popular culturally active area at that time. In calligraphy, Zhao Mengfu, a native of Wuxing (now Huzhou, Zhejiang), advocated retro, and opened up a generation of calligraphy style with freshness, extraordinary elegance, roundness and elegance; in painting, Huang Gongwang , Wu Zhen, Ni Zan, and Wang Meng, have developed the literati paintings that "based on the author's personality and different minds" to an unprecedented level.
Zhao Mengfu's classic ink book " Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra " volume
in This Unit, there is the classic ink book "The Heart Sutra of Prajna Paramita" in the Liaoning Museum, the scroll "Fuchun Daling Picture" in the ink book of Huang Gongwang in the Nanjing Museum, the collection of the Palace Museum, the collection of Wang Yi in the West of Yang Zhu, and the collection of in the Palace Museum, and the collection of in the West of Wang Yi, and Ni Zan, "The Small Statue of Yang Zhu West Volume 》, the "Seven Gentlemen Picture" volumes of the treasures of Suzhou Museum, Zhao Tianyu, , Ke Jiusi, and other paintings are presented as important exhibits, freezing the calligraphy and paintings of Jiangnan in the Yuan Dynasty The Youxiu.
"Small Portrait of Yang Zhuxi" is a paper-based ink stroke created by Wang Yi and Ni Zan of the Yuan Dynasty. It is now collected in Beijing Palace Museum . This painting is a portrait depicting Yang Zhuxi's reclusive life in his later years The paintings are based on characters and ancient pines and piles of stones as the background. They are mostly created by white-scanning techniques, with concise and upright lines, dignified shapes, and unconventional artistic conception.
"Small Statue of Yang Zhuxi" (partial) is a paper ink stroke created by Wang Yi and Ni Zan of the Yuan Dynasty
"Fuchun Daling Picture" is a mountain that Huang Gongwang of the Yuan Dynasty used a lofty method to show Fuchun Mountain . , Panoramic view from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain: the water is surrounded by strange rocks, dense forests, vague thatched huts, round and round mountains, with mountain roads winding upwards, a bridge between the two mountains, and a hanging spring flows down. The scene is indifferent and quiet, and he works with " Fuchun Mountain Residence ". But the brush and ink seem to be more free and easy, and the outlines are more concise. There is no longer the beautiful long hemp texture of "Mountain Residence" that is as long as 20 cm long, but only light ink is used to rub and render it on the roots of the stone, and there is no longer the " The mountain residence map shows the thick ink horizontal and vertical dots of dense leaves next to the mountain rocks next to the dense forest, and replaced by light ink horizontal dots and thick ink dots. In short, the brush and ink are simpler and the scene is more dull. It should be said that this is the same masterpiece of Huang Gongwang's later years as "Fuchun Mountain Residence", and he also suffered a rough fate. It was obtained by the famous collector Pang Laichen in modern times. In 1963, his grandson Pang Zenghe donated 137 cultural relics treasured by his ancestors to the Nanjing Museum, and the "Fuchun Daling Map" became the treasure of the Nanjing Museum.
The Nanjing Museum contains Huang Gongwang's "Fuchun Daling Map" scroll
The Yuan Dynasty Zhao Mengfu's "Drinking Horse Picture Scroll" is collected in Liaoning Provincial Museum. Paper, ink. The heart of the painting is 25 in height and 59.8 cm horizontally. Baipaoyi Xi Guan , wearing a long robe, black hat, leather boots, a wooden basin with both hands, a clear spring inside, and struggling to move forward. There is a pillar facing him, a horse tied up on it, and he is holding his head up and pulling the reins to drink.
"Drinking Horse Picture Scroll" by Zhao Mengfu of Yuan Dynasty, some
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Wang Meng's bamboo stone picture scroll Yuan paper ink and wash Suzhou Museum
At the same time, the exhibition also collects Yang Weizhen's running script works "Scroll of Dreamwalking in Haitang City" and Shen You's interesting regular script "Hong Kong Poems in and Simple Posts " page, "Cangjiang Flute Picture" scroll with both skillful and poetic skills, as well as works by famous artists from the same period such as Lu Juren, Zhao Yuanchu, and Chen Xuan, showcase the outstanding people and places of Jiangnan during this period. A creative group portrait with rich cultural heritage for tourists to appreciate and evaluate.
Yang Weizhen's running script works
Yuan Dynasty Wuzhen cursive script
At the same time, in order to present the influence of the Yuan Dynasty on the history of Southern School painting and the genres of later generations, the exhibition specially set up a "Imitation Yuan Calligraphy and Painting" unit, exhibiting Dong Qichang and Lan Ying 16 imitation works of Yuan Dynasty by Ming and Qing painters such as , "Four Kings", Yu Zhiding , can be seen from this, the inheritance of the landscape paintings of various literati from later generations.
"Imitation Yuan calligraphy and painting" unit
brings together diverse cultural and social customs, and aggregates the attractiveness of exhibitions to "break the circle"
In the environment where the Mongolian and Yuan regime are unified in the north and south and the sea transportation is smooth, regional barriers melt. As described by the poet Sadulah , "Southern people seek fame and go to the northern capital, while northern people seek favorable profits and move towards the southern capital." The economic and cultural areas of the four directions converge in Jiangnan. The new atmosphere has given birth to many positive characteristics of Jiangnan society; the freshness has penetrated and integrated into all aspects of social life.
In order to show this stage of the era where diverse cultures gather, the second part of the exhibition, "Jiangnan Style", is developed from three levels: scenery, belief and elegant gathering, and strives to enrich the exhibit categories and restore the grand view of social life in Jiangnan in the Yuan Dynasty.
exhibition scene
"Scenery", focusing on the field of Jiangnan arts and crafts in the Yuan Dynasty, using Yunlong eight-treasure pattern satin skirt, "Wenxuanfa" goldware, "Zhubishan" silver raft cup, Zhang Chengzao red baby play picture The exhibits such as plates and blue and white peony-woven plum vases are represented by the development of multiple handicraft categories through cultural relics and works of well-known craftsmen unearthed tombs of the Yuan Dynasty in Jiangnan. In the Yuan Dynasty, various categories such as weaving and embroidery, gold and silver ware, , lacquerware, jade, porcelain, etc. had developed.
Longquan kiln celadon beast ear jar Zhejiang Provincial Museum
Eight-edged gold-plated ball flower silver box Nanjing Museum
Cultural relics were exhibited on site
Yuan Dynasty Jiangnan arts and crafts have been preserved more two Song legacy, and at the same time, the needs of the government , the style techniques of northern arts and crafts, the aesthetic orientation of ethnic minorities and even other countries have also injected new elements into creation and production.
Cloud Dragon Eight Treasure Pattern Satin Skirt Yuan Suzhou Museum
Carved Peony Ruyi Cloud Edge Calendar Yuan Nanjing Museum
"Zhubishan" Yincha cup Yuan Wu Culture Museum collection
"Belief", pay attention to different beliefs The spread of Jiangnan; audiences can enjoy a glimpse of the Yuan Dynasty by using the "fourth-order Sudoku" Qingyu magic square , Longquan kiln gold Buddha niche and other cultural relics and digital exhibits " Mysterious View Reconstruction of Three Doors " that carved 13th century Arabic numerals A colorful spiritual world.
exhibition scene
Jade Buddha Haiyan County Museum collection
"Ya Jia" part, centered on displaying literati interaction activities. In addition to the "Create Clouds" copper-turned stone collection in the Palace Museum, the National Library of China collects the rare Ming Dynasty "Yushan Famous Scenic Spots", which uses Yushan scenic spots as the outline, and compiles the inscriptions by participants in the Yushan Elegant Collection at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. The past people have passed away with time, but through these cultural relics and texts, we can see the elegance and cultural heritage of the literati on this land, from the Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, from the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, and continued in chants and inheritance. While implementing the academic foundation, in order to create a friendly and interesting "eye-catching point" for the exhibition, the form design of this exhibition uses a large number of visual elements of "Jiangnan of the Yuan Dynasty" to guide it with "immersive"" Imitate yourself.” Entering the exhibition area, the garden scenes such as the Lion Forest Zhenqu Pavilion are restored, depicting the life scenes in the Yuan Dynasty pavilion; entering the exhibition hall, the courtyard sketches with bamboo and stones and the neat study furnishings of a few couches are as if it is a chess game between literati in Jiangnan. A place to taste tea; in the context of the environment, "Yushan Elegant Collection Picture" and "Writing the Sutras and Exchange Tea Picture" restore the romantic affairs of the Yuan people in the form of images.
The rare book "Yushan Scenic Spots" in the National Library of China
Exhibition scene
Exhibition scene
Exhibition scene
For audience groups of different ages and different professional levels, the exhibition also provides special lectures covering Yuan History popular science, Yuan Dynasty Arts and Crafts, etc. , exhibition of clothing culture in the Yuan Dynasty, experience of seal and seal carving in Yuan Dynasty, and other publicity activities jointly planned with Hanfu enthusiasts. This makes the entire "Jiangnan of the Yuan Dynasty" supporting activities like a collection of elegant culture in Jiangnan, and complements the grand event of the Yuan Dynasty literati in the exhibition.
Exhibition scene
Through the aggregation of forces such as academic research, exhibition display, social education, publicity and promotion, the Suzhou Museum hopes to use this special exhibition to allow the audience to form an intuitive understanding of the unpopular and rare "Yuan Dynasty"; This "Yuan Dynasty Jiangnan Stage" with diverse cultures conveys to the public the cultural charm of the Chinese nation's diversity and renewal vitality.
Immersive Elegant Collection "Jiangnan Night" on-site rehearsal
Su Bo will also hold an immersive Elegant Collection "Jiangnan Night" on the evening of December 25, including the "Encountering Jiangnan" clothing show, "Looking for Jiangnan" special guide, "Yile Jiangnan" traditional games, etc.
It is reported that the exhibition will be exhibited to the public on December 22, 2021 and is expected to last until March 22, 2022.
Editor in charge: Gu Weihua
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