A mother whale once led her young sperm whale Popsicle to search for information in the ocean currents that could guide them to a place with abundant food. Popsicle has followed its mother whale to and from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge many times. Its brain, the largest in the animal kingdom, cannot have not been baptized, so it is so familiar with this route; It is precisely because of this that sperm whales are almost invisible to humans. Being invisible, it is difficult for humans to spot migrating sperm whales.
The largest predator, the sperm whale
But at this time, fishing boats around the world were using new tools. These fishing boats can lower 20,000 fishing hooks at a time to a depth of more than 3,000 meters. The new fishing boats will sweep up many innocent lives on the seabed like a combine harvester and harvest the food of large whales .
The migration path of the sperm whale, the largest predator.
Human hunting technology directly infringes on the territory of sperm whales, but their big heads are not for display. Atlantic whale Popsicle learned new skills from friends from the Pacific. They found that the sound of the fishing boat's engine was like a signal, indicating that a huge "sushi trolley" would bring fresh fish up from the depths. However, other types of whales have learned this trick, and killer whales have also appeared.
In any ocean, killer whales and sperm whales are happy enemies. Popsicle still remembers the injuries he suffered when he was attacked when his sister was born, as well as the bloody sacrifices of his grandmother and aunts. Popsicle is now twice the size of an adult female whale and more than five times the weight of a killer whale. Unlike a female sperm whale, Popsicle has a formidable set of teeth that are as sharp as those of its enemies.
The killer whales in play
are not what they used to be. Popsicle is no longer like most sperm whales, who will run away in despair when they encounter opponents - even if they don't retaliate against these enemies, they still have to bully these annoying cousins. Popsicle grinned and walked calmly through the group of killer whales. For killer whales, the male sperm whale, which is 18 meters long and weighs 40 tons, is too big, and its teeth can hurt itself. Therefore, those who know the current situation are heroes, and they actively avoid ; moreover, the killer whale's My mind is not on the popsicles, "Eating is the biggest thing in the world, filling your stomach is the most important thing." The killer whales are tracking the anchovy school. They are not distracted and ride the wind and waves away.
Popsicle's fastest swimming speed is only 30 kilometers per hour, while the killer whale's speed of 50 kilometers per hour when tracking its prey puts Popsicle out of reach.
In the Dominican Sea, seawater runoff leaves the American continent and etches a submarine canyon as deep as 2,000 meters on the seafloor. The nutrients brought from the land create a rich deep-sea area, which is like a magnetic field that attracts life and is also an indicator light for whales to dive.
Popsicle only took a dozen days to get here. However, the female whales seemed to be slow to react and did not show up for a long time - In fact, Popsicle did not know that they had dived elsewhere. The female whales stay away from here because of hunger and find a new world.
Sperm whales have a "popsicle" body shape
Sperm whales are different from blue whales and humpback whales . They have obvious sexual dimorphism: A male whale like Popsicle has a huge and plump body, a square head and torso, and a small tail trailing behind, like an extra-large "popsicle". The male whale Popsicle is also named after this; The female whale's body shape is more like a giant tadpole, with a large head and a tapering second half of the body.
After taking a full breath of air, the powerful popsicle is ready to dive into the deep sea. After storing enough oxygen in its muscles, it raises its triangular tail high and swoops down like a depth charge.
Sperm whales are toothed whales , which are different from baleen whales such as blue whales. They are the largest known predatory animals in the world. The adult Popsicle has the largest brain on Earth, with a huge head that takes up one-third of its body and contains a huge brain oil machine and a complex sonar device. Not only do sperm whales live in a completely different environment than humans, but the way they understand the world is also completely different from humans: humans see the world through vision, while popsicles "hear" the world through sound. It's really cool, and their ability to use sound is amazing.
How does Popsicle "listen" to this underwater world?
Of all cetaceans , the sperm whale is the most valuable, with more than one-third of its body made of blubber, and the famous brain oil tank alone contains a thousand liters of spermaceti oil. Spermaceti oil, also known as spermaceti, is a white waxy substance that was mistaken for sperm whale semen when it was first discovered. Compared with ordinary whale oil, spermaceti oil is of higher quality and more versatile, and is regarded as an important commodity. Liquid spermaceti oil is a good fuel, and solid spermaceti oil can be processed into smokeless candles, fine soaps and cosmetic additives; was later mainly used to lubricate delicate mechanical devices, including Swiss clocks. To whaling ships, the value of spermaceti oil could be measured in gold.
Swiss watch using sperm whale oil
The function of the brain oil device and spermaceti oil that brought disaster to the sperm whales is currently unknown to humans. Sperm whales may increase local blood flow or inhale cold seawater to melt or solidify the spermaceti oil in the brain lubricator to change the specific gravity, which can serve as a buoyancy regulator during deep diving and ascent; perhaps the brain lubricator may It has a lens-like focusing function, which is related to the sperm whale emitting ultrasonic beams and receiving echoes.
Human beings once thought that sperm whales were the most silent mammals. But in fact, although sperm whales do not "sing" like beluga and humpback whales, they are not completely silent.
There are 4 types of "click-click" sounds made by sperm whales. The most common one sounds like the sound of opening and closing a deformed wooden door "click-click..." It sounds uncomfortable, and this is used by sperm whales as remote sonar. . When approaching prey and preparing to hunt, they will make this continuous "click" sound; the popsicle can also make a slow "click, click, click..." sound, which is communication with the female whale. way, like writing a love letter or singing a love song, "You Ask me how deeply I love you, how much I love you, the moon represents my heart!"
In addition, there are two different long "tail sounds" composed of "ka", which are used for chatting and are used in groups of sperm whales. It often appears when communicating. Sperm whales in different groups have their own specific "tail sounds", just like people in different regions have their own dialects. "Tail tone" is widely used, can cover thousands of kilometers of sea area, and is shared by thousands of individuals.
Members of the same community may not necessarily be related by blood, but they all use this "dialect". The "tail sound" of sperm whales not only differs between different communities, but also has subtle differences between different individuals. Therefore, in the society of whale groups, the "tail sound" represents the name of each individual sperm whale. The different sounds of sperm whales, like the different languages and cultures between communities, exist in the society of sperm whales and become messages communicated between community members. A sperm whale emits the unique signature whistle sound of other sperm whales, as if calling each other's name, "Hey, Popsicle, you are here, I'm going to lecture you!" At this time, Popsicle in the diving game knows that mom I was shouting to myself that I had made a mistake again.
How sperm whale sonar works
The diving male whale Popsicle and his companions use sound to communicate and communicate. It detects the surrounding environment in the dark deep sea, guides it in the direction of foraging, and even uses sound beams to capture prey. But this sonar is not used for navigation.
At a depth of 1,000 meters where sunlight cannot reach, Popsicle relies on its echolocation system to find prey in the dark ocean. It is looking for the largest and most difficult to find target - giant squid , otherwise, its stomach will not be full. Giant squid tend to be found in deep water, where less than one percent of sunlight can penetrate.
In the boundless dark world of the deep sea, Popsicle uses echolocation to "see" its prey. The front end of its head generates strong ultrasonic waves, which bounce off objects and guide it to swim toward its prey. Sperm whales are much like submarines and can interpret echoes to determine the shape and position of objects and accurately find the giant squid they need, such as the giant squid. But there is no prey here.
As the depth of the dive increased, the surroundings became pitch black, and no sunlight could reach this place. The "click" sound emitted by the nasal cavity of the popsicle can lock on a target as far as 500 meters away. This is a sonic mortar that paralyzes the prey's muscles and even paralyzes them. The smart squid can sense the sonar activity of the sperm whale, but it has no way to determine the direction of the hunter. Therefore, in the dark, Popsicle only needs to use a brain oiler to concentrate the ultrasonic waves into a sound beam, and then send out a sudden blow to have a delicious meal. But the phosphorescence emitted by the fleeing shrimp swarm revealed the whereabouts of the sperm whale. The king squid's huge eyes can spot even the faintest shadow of a school of shrimp above its head. The squid became vigilant and set a trap first, waiting for the hunter to fall into the trap. Popsicle knew there was something there. When it got close to its prey, the zigzag-shaped suckers with hooks on the squid tentacles began to show their power. It hit the top of the popsicle's eye socket, leaving a circular bloody hole, and then quietly slipped away.
Deep-sea fishing, large bottom trawls scrape the seabed into a barren land
If you dive a little deeper, it will be completely dark, and no sunlight can penetrate. Food is so scarce at such a depth that no creature wants to waste energy wandering around like a popsicle. There is sufficient oxygen stored in the body of the popsicle, and it can dive to a depth of 2,200 meters. The pressure here is 220 times that of the ground. It takes three months for sea snow to fall here, and the popsicles have to stay there for more than an hour.
Giant squid and other marine animals like to live near the bottom of the sea, so sperm whales will dive to such depths to hunt. When the popsicle crosses the edge of the rocky submarine land, there is a vast submarine plain in front of it, stretching for thousands of kilometers and gradually spreading downward.
Bottom trawling boat
But the feeding area below is a bit strangely quiet. Humans have arrived here first, and a bottom trawling boat destroyed the once prosperous feeding place. Intensive fishing sacrifices thousands of fish - These are the waste products of excess fishing, or the fish that happened to be squeezed to death in the fishing nets, and the fish that died in vain were left lying on the seabed.
As surface storage is exhausted, humans search farther and farther and deeper. trawlers can launch nets more than 3,000 meters deep, blindly catching groups of animals that humans know almost nothing about. For fishermen, "bottom trawling" is a new and aggressive fishing method. A single net can cover three large jets, and most of the fish are caught in this way. This technology has destroyed the few ocean habitats known to sperm whales. Every year, an area of the ocean floor twice the size of the Americas is reduced to barren land by huge fishing nets.
Historically, the scope of human fishing has been mostly limited to semi-shallow seas and offshore waters. Many deep-sea fish will not swim to these waters, so they avoid the fate of becoming seafood. But technology in the late 20th century made deep-sea fisheries feasible, just as catches in most offshore and traditional fisheries began to decline slowly over time.Therefore, fishermen hope to fish in the deep sea and make up for the lack of fishing. Greedy Human invested the fishing net into the water depth of 500 meters, followed by 1000 meters, or even 3,000 meters -they even did not know what the gains would be, or where there was a good fishing ground, so blindly scanned the blindfold. Essence
is dug in gold mines at the bottom of New Zealand at a depth of about 1,000 meters. Scientists knew the Atlantic Breast spine bream as early as the late 19th century, also known as longevity fish, or orange spine bream , and they survived for thousands of years without disturbing. But until the mid -1970s, longevity fish was discovered in the New Zealand waters east of Chatham Haron.
Atlantic Breast Brewery, also known as longevity fish
longevity fish has excellent commercial value, 's strong white meat fish is not affected by frozen and thawing -it seems that deep sea may really solve the problem of reduced leasing of light sea. In particular, a large number of longevity fish also found in other sea areas, including the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, launched a deep -sea gold rushing competition in many countries. Most of them did not catch the limit, and the fishing vessels were plundered. When the fishing volume exceeds the demand, a large number of precious longevity fish is discarded as waste; and after 5 years after the fishing vessels continue to capture large -scale catch, the fishing volume has dropped sharply beyond expectations. This bad news has a particularly large impact on New Zealand.
longevity fish has become the economic pillar of this small country. The government has decided to make longevity fish a sustainable resource, because the fishing grounds of New Zealand fishermen are almost in the country, and the government can specify the restrictions to fish for longevity fish. In order to implement the regulations, New Zealand sent the Air Force to patrol regularly, pursue and scare illegal people; many countries in the sea in Spain, France, and Canada in the north also adopted the same practice. but even if the fisherman has not violated the fishing limit, the fishing volume continues to decline and almost collapse. Scientists have nothing to know about longevity fish, except that they will gather near the bottom of the sea depth of 800 to 1200 meters.
fishing limit is based on the experience of shallow sea fisheries, but this is obviously a problem. The primary task is to confirm the life and reproduction rate of longevity fish, which can determine their age by looking at the bones. has the same annual wheels and fish bones, so they can be used to measure age.
usually chooses the bone in the inner ear bone behind the brain. Take out the inner ear bone and slice it. Then use a microscope to view the annual wheel. results show that longevity fish life is about 100 years -this result initially caused a lot of controversy. The life of fish is usually 20 to 30 years, and the fish that can live for 100 years is unheard of at the time. But this is actually the key to cracking the mystery of longevity fish.
confirms that the life is important, because of the short life of animals, the breeding speed is much faster than longevity animals. has a short life of fish to be caught by 20 % per year, and the amount of fishing may not cause net effects, because they can make up the number of natural reproduction -but longevity fish may only be 10 % per year, and 20 % of fishing will cause their ethnic groups to cause their ethnic groups Speed up. When was reluctant to accept scientific evidence until the government and the fishery community reluctantly accepted scientific evidence, this was too late for most fishing grounds in the world, because the catastrophe of longevity fish collapsed.
Food has contributed to the endangered
in Australia for longevity fish. The fishing volume of Asian has been greatly reduced ... Therefore, many people think it is too late. In any case, even if the fish group has recovered, New Zealand's longevity fish ethnic group reduction problem is not only due to excessive fishing problems, but also important problems, that is, deep -sea habitats have been destroyed.
fish may be safe, but the environment of their living is at stake. fishing nets that fish for longevity fish in the deep sea are very huge, weighing about 3 tons. No matter what kind of biology is picked up, it has caused a significant impact on precious animal groups such as coral and sponges. The bed was lifted up, and then disassembled and discarded, destroying the habitat environment of longevity fish.
dragging nets will indeed be the case, especially in the deep sea.The fishing nets are concentrated on Haiyang Mountain, where there are hard rocks, so the nets are equipped with huge cauldron balls. The diameter of the cauldron ball is about half a meter, and it is all tied to a huge ground rope. The fishing net is dragged at a speed of 5 kilometers per hour, breaking stones and everything it touches on the seabed. Knock, knock, knock, the fishing net is like this Being dragged along, digging up everything they come across, uprooting it and throwing it behind the net - and that's it for the coral and the sponge, dead and absolutely impossible to live on.
People cannot see the destruction under the deep sea, but if such an operation were carried out on land, anyone would be frightened. This is like catching cattle on land, hoisting a giant net to a helicopter, and dragging it along the pasture. What is caught is not only the cattle, but also dogs, tractors, crops, and even farmers. My wife will be caught even if she doesn’t want to catch anything within the range.
The huge black coral is a special species of gorgonian . However, when it was more than 700 years old, a fishing net was cast down and it was pulled up from the seabed and died.
If all the by-products of deep-sea fishing nets were collected together, they could be piled 3 meters above the seabed , equivalent to an underwater forest. It's a sad thing to see something like this being lifted from the seabed.
Sponges in the deep sea
Black corals used to be very common in seas between 700 and 800 meters deep, but like other species, they are very fragile. If a cauldron ball runs over them, they will be destroyed. Crushed into pieces; and many deep-sea squids gradually disappeared before humans discovered them, let alone understood them. There is a species of squid that used to be very common along the coast of New Zealand's North Island, but now it has disappeared, and not even a single specimen has been caught.
The only reason for these animals to disappear is really stupid, because they move slowly and are not lethal to anything. It was attracted by the trawl net, and the trawl net went back and forth to the same area for so long that it actually drove the animal to extinction!
The future of all mankind depends on understanding and cooperating with the ocean. The minerals, food, energy and space contained in the ocean are everything humankind needs for future expansion, not near space, which except for a barren vacuum and spectacular scenery. What's there?
Extremely precious deep-sea resources are one of the ways to produce new anti-cancer drugs.
Although sponges are animals, they are fixed on the seabed. If something tries to eat them or grow on them, they can't get away - so they make chemicals to repel predators or other sponges that want to grow there. These chemicals are of interest to oceanographers, and the challenge is how to discover new drugs. Marine biologists want to find out why they secrete these substances, and then use this knowledge to find out the indications of these new drugs, that is, the indications of those chemical substances. These substances, , can inhibit the growth of human cells and attack specific cancer cells, so they have specific effects on certain cancers.
The results of this kind of research are quite good, so scientists believe that it will become a weapon in the treatment of certain cancers. But so far, humans have only explored 2% of the deep sea. There may be a risk of missing many precious species before they are discovered. .
The slopes of seamounts are not like farmland, which changes significantly with the seasons. According to land standards, the temperature and light intensity of the deep sea hardly fluctuate. Undisturbed for thousands of years, these corals and sponges have never had to adapt; some deep-sea coral reefs have grown for thousands of years, but the growth rate of these corals is very low, only a few millimeters per year, so if there is any recovery Probably, very slowly too.
The story of longevity fish is not over yet, but it has brought a clear lesson: rashly taking the resources here before understanding the complexity of the deep sea will put the largest ecosystem on the earth into crisis. If humans lose the species diversity of the deep sea and then lose the chemical diversity, they will also lose the opportunity to discover new drugs.
Deep Sea Giant's way home
Humans have no way to obtain the ocean, and the searches of food whales seem to be endless. The industry has an adult popsicle is now a giant in the tooth whale. It is still growing, but the premise is that it eats a full stomach, and then it looks like a subway car. It seems to be the most terrible carnivore on the planet.
, a huge carnivore, eats nearly one ton of food a day, and its throat can swallow a big living person. However, , this giant is not prey humanity, nor will humans go to the deep sea to hang out. Of course, it is impossible for human fishing nets to live on the net with a weighing whale of 30 to 40 tons.
Sweet -flavored whale popsicles specially eat fish and squid. They use two rows of 20 cm teeth to bite the prey and swallow them throughout. No matter who has such a meal, you must keep looking for food, but the foraging land decreases year by year, and the road to home has become difficult and long. But for the persistence of popsicles, there is no difficulty to block its determination to go home. Fortunately,
is fortunately that the sea is not only broad, but also tolerant. Its selfless efforts cannot be regarded by humans as their own.
is like a strong person like a popsicle, no one can stop it from successfully foraging.
Monsters in Deep Sea, sharp teeth fish
Atlantic sediment, there are also subtle traces, sea urchin collects and filter the drifting objects here; shrimp stood elegantly with toes, choosing the most attractive food.
, but the bottom of the sea is the same as elsewhere. Since there are vegetarians, there must be meat.
Deep sea catfish is lanterns , which is almost integrated with the surrounding sand. Since there are bait that seduce prey, why waste energy to catch up with the prey? But it may have to wait for several days until the appropriate prey appears.
may be a bit bigger like a popsicle. Pipa 鲛 can wait. If necessary, wait for a few days. You must wait for the prey of the right size to appear.
Eel Significance
Eatering Animals need to find food everywhere. In Eat here. On the table is a bodies that sneak into deep water to die; 40 cm long giant sea lice are also busy tearing and eating rotten meat. In the next few hours of , these corruption animals will share this big meal.
popsicles died five months ago. Now, except for the whale fat that adheres to the bone, there is nothing. whale corpses nourish the creatures of Fangyuan a few miles, but the feast is about to end soon. Spider crabs with a width of one meter are still rushing and coming here to collect the last leftovers. is very lacking in food and cannot be wasted at all. In a few weeks, more than 20 tons of whale corpses will not be left except the bones. spider crab must be eaten as soon as possible, until the next victim falls, it has the next meal.
Platter whale uses Senna equipment to prey on the king squid
most of the predator in the deep sea is squid, not deep -sea fish. The king squid lives in the dark place, and they are the masters of the here. Squid is also a group of robbers, who is big and who is the boss. The biggest squid is even larger than a RV , just the size of the eyeballs. Although they are not small, they are the favorite of flavored whales.
King Squid Specification
is now, the popsicle and king squid meet again on the bottom of the sea again. Because of the lessons and lessons of his childhood, he no longer entangle the opportunity to wrap the squid. It uses its strong ultrasonic beam to disturb the king's squid feet. The sound of "咚” ... "The sound of war drums came from the bottom of the sea, which was not an ordinary cry. Compared with other animals, the screams of the scent whale during hunting are the largest and louder. It is no exaggeration to say that these calls are louder than thunder. sounded from the nose of the popsicle. First, spread backwards. After encountering the bag of the whale oil in the front of the head, it was reflected back, and then brought together into a bundle, like a beam of sound wave laser, piercing seawater.
King Squid has nowhere to hide and was hit by sound waves.
popsicle dives down from the top, intending to bite the tentacles of the squid, and then wait for the opportunity to bite its head, and then swallow the squid's entire body; With the tooth of the popsicle, deeply trap the suction cups on the tentacles into the popsicles of the popsicle, up to 5 cm deep. Its other long tentacle, still groping on the left side of the popsicle head, trying to block the nutcream of the popsicle, and settled the opponent to death.
adult popsicles are no longer weak, and they are not afraid. They roll their bodies hard and make the squid's suction cup cannot be fixed on their heads. The brave binding whale gradually got a chance, biting a 8 -meter -long wrist foot in the squid.
Fragrant Whale and King Squid Fighting Significance
King Squid at the cost of sacrificing a wrist and foot, obtaining the opportunity to block the popsicles out of the pores; and its wrist foot will grow again. This is a common trick used by the king squid. #headline local# #headline help# #headline hot list# #headline# #
popsicle There are countermeasures.
popsicle is not panic, and constantly hit the opponent with sound waves. The squid wanted to escape at this time, but the popsicles chased closely. The poor squid of the Guizhou donkey gradually fell into the wind. The body of 5 meters in length was eventually swallowed in the mouth by popsicles, swallowed it, and then used stomach to sharpen the prey. In fact, the flavored whale is a predator with teeth, but the use of the teeth is not worn on the food. At the end of
, does the king squid weighing one ton really exist? Also, is it the famous "Beihai Giant Demon" Clarken?
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