Source: People's Daily - People's Daily
is located in Pocket Park near Zhongzhou Road, Chang'an Road Street, Luoyang City, Henan Province. Photo by Huang Zhengwei (People's Vision)
is located in Zhangjiang Wetland Park in Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province. Photo by Hu Jiangtao (People's Vision)
The greenways that can be seen on the road, the park where flowers and birds are singing... In many places, mountains, rivers, plants and cities are integrated, making people feel relaxed and enjoy a better life.
This year's Government Work Report proposes, "We must make the home we live in greener and more beautiful." How to build the city into a beautiful home where man and nature live in harmony, so that residents can live more conveniently, more comfortable and better? The reporter takes you to three cities and discover the beauty of harmony between man and nature.
revitalizes the limited space, turning the abandoned slope into a pocket park beside residents
Urban space is worth every inch, how to do greening articles? In recent years, many cities have made full use of abandoned land, corner land, front and back spaces such as houses and houses to "get green whenever possible", which has increased the pocket parks and small green spaces around the people.
The gurgling stream passes through the garden, and the sound of "ping-pong-pong" hitting is one after another, intertwined with the laughter of the children. In Chongqing Liangjiang New District, Longzhu Road Community Sports and Cultural Park is covered with "green clothes", which is very lively. Ms. Yuan, who lives nearby, comes here for a walk every morning and evening: "This place used to be a barren slope sandwiched between the house, with piles of garbage and smelling bad. Now it has become the 'back garden' of the community!" The terrain of slopes such as
is not uncommon in the mountain city of Chongqing. "Chongqing's terrain is rugged, and the scattered land between communities is overgrown or weeds or exposed soil and rocks are not suitable for development and utilization alone. By building a pocket park, we have turned the deserted slopes into green 'tapes'." said Wang Haomin, director of the Park Management Office of Chongqing Municipal Urban Management Bureau.
2021, after three months of "beauty surgery", the deserted slope of Longzhu Road Community was transformed into a sports and cultural park -
is transformed locally using materials. Taking advantage of the height difference of nearly 10 meters, children's climbing hills and sunken children's activity sand pools were designed; table tennis tables, basketball courts and other sports facilities were added on the flat. "It not only saves the cost of transportation of earth and rocks, but also adds fun to the event, killing two birds with one stone." Wang Haomin said that the park has also built a circular runway and set up a batch of seats to facilitate citizens' sports and rest.
Carefully green the appearance to increase. Local tree species such as camphor and puerarium are "moved" into the garden, and plants such as spring jujube and verbena are "paved" on the hillside. In the river, reed bamboo and water lily are arranged in an orderly manner, combining fast growth and slow growth, and matching evergreen with fallen leaves to achieve "green in all seasons and flowers in two seasons".
is well built and needs to be maintained. In the park, greening maintenance worker Chen Anshui bowed his body and carried a hoe, digging into the soil one by one, and replanting nanmu trees: "The park has just been built. If you find that there are trees that are difficult to survive, you must replace them in time. You must also apply fertilizer and water regularly to let them grow up quickly."
"Pocket park is an important and effective way to improve the urban ecological environment and enrich the urban greening landscape, and an important carrier to improve the level of community governance." Secretary-General of the Chinese Landscape Garden Society Jia Jianzhong believes that the most important features of pocket parks are small but exquisite, small but beautiful, nearby layout, open sharing, and convenient for residents to use.
In order to maximize the satisfaction of the people, the staff of Longzhu Road Community have also worked a lot.
At the beginning, Longzhu Road Park was "inserted" in the middle of the community, and guardrails were fenced on both sides of the communities. Residents had to walk around before entering the park. What to do if
? Residents, community staff and developers sat down for a meeting to discuss, saying everything you say.
"Drop the fence and repair the door! Everyone can take a walk."
"There are too many doors and it's not safe. It's just a walk, so it's nothing to walk a few steps."
…………
Finally, after negotiation, everyone decided to add a small door to the fence. Residents of the community can swipe their cards to open, which is both convenient and safe.
Nowadays, Chongqing has more and more pocket parks, making the mountain city full of greenery.Wulong District visits the garden with Lianglukou, planting silver leaf acacia that blooms in winter to achieve "flowers in all seasons", and also decorated auspicious cloud pillars and duck stone carvings to add to the fun of the garden; Nan'an District Wenxin Nanyuan Community, on the courtyard of the old community that was once "dirty and messy", now flowers, plants, trees and leisure corridors and pavilions complement each other... According to statistics, the total number of Chongqing Pokan Cliff greening and beautification projects has exceeded 1,300, with a total area of more than 30 million square meters.
I see the green on the window and the scenery when I go out. At present, more than 20,000 pocket parks have been built nationwide, more than 80,000 kilometers of greenways have been built, and the per capita park green space area of the city is about 15 square meters. According to a relevant person in charge of the Urban Construction Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, my country will continue to build a balanced distribution park system in the next step, allowing residents to go out of their homes to "see green at 300 meters and see garden at 500 meters", and continuously improve the comprehensive functions of urban green space to serve residents' leisure and recreation, sports and fitness, disaster prevention and risk avoidance.
controls black and odorous water bodies, builds wetland park , effectively improving the urban ecosystem
water system, and is an organic part of urban living organisms.
Around the Qingming Festival, in the Fenhe Wetland Park in Taiyuan City, Shanxi, new buds had just sprouted, and new greens popped up on the meadow. Even rare birds such as egrets and are coming to "join the fun". The nearby tall buildings stand with busy traffic, but they are integrated with the world in the wetlands - the city and nature coexist in this way, resulting in a wonderful "chemical reaction".
Everything in front of you makes it difficult to connect with the scene more than 10 years ago. Wang Qiang, who lives near Shengli Bridge East in Taiyuan City, still remembers the smell that floated out of the Fen River when he was a child: "Walking in front of him, a stench hits. When the water rises in summer, the river becomes a 'garbage dump', and sometimes even floats down the sofa and stools along the water. Later, sand was dug in the area of the West Mountain, and the river was dry in winter."
One water is divided into one, surrounded by nine waters. For thousands of years, the Fen River, which runs across the north and south of Taiyuan, has nourished and watered this city. However, after the 1990s, the Fen River and its nine tributaries became synonymous with "black and smelly", which made people avoid it.
In recent years, Taiyuan City has successively implemented projects such as "Nine Rivers" comprehensive management and Fenhe urban section phased management. The Fenhe Wetland Park, which is distributed in long strips in north and south, was built on this basis. "The wetland park is like a big 'sponge'. If sewage continues to flow, no matter how strong the water storage and purification functions of the wetlands are, they will still treat the symptoms but not the root cause." said Shao Shejiao, deputy director of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Natural Resources.
To solve the root cause, it is crucial to do a good job in sewage discharge outlet management in the Fenhe urban section. When checking the Xiaodongliu River, a tributary of the Fen River, Xu Demao, deputy director of the Taiyuan Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, led a team to a building materials factory for inspection and asked, "Is that sewage outlet yours?" The person in charge denied it. After careful investigation, I found that the drainage outlet of the factory was very hidden, and a wasteland extending dozens of meters away was discharged into the river. "The construction section of Xiaodongliu River is just 930 meters short, with as many as 10 sewage outlets!" Xu Demao said that through visits, more than 1,000 sewage outlets were found in the Fen River and its tributaries. Through treatment, the river channel was avoided from its root. In the wetland park, many oasis and islands are quite interesting and attracting attention. After asking, I found out that this design has its own special considerations. "In order to leave enough space for animals and plants to get ashore, we have adopted multiple steps and natural gentle slope dams, using ecological materials such as turf and grass shrubs to make the landscape more natural and harmonious." Ren Minkang, senior engineer of the Shanxi Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute, introduced.
Wetland Park is also known as the "kidney" of urban ecosystems, and has a significant impact on urban microclimate, water volume and water quality in water areas, and basin ecological diversity. After the completion of the Fenhe Wetland Park, the water storage capacity of the Taiyuan section of the Fenhe River increased by 20%. Currently, 165 species of birds such as purple egret , spot-billed duck , flower duck , and kingfisher have visited them all year round.
In recent years, more and more cities in my country have owned wetland parks. It is understood that the black and odorous water bodies in 295 cities at the prefecture level and above (excluding states and alliances) in my country have been basically eliminated, and there are more than 1,600 wetland parks of various types across the country.
promotes urban renewal , square renovation and facility upgrades leverage new greening space
The right urban greening is inseparable from the clever design of landscaping engineers. In the warm spring breeze, I came to the "renewal site" of the shopping mall in Xidan Business District, Beijing. I saw that the umbrella-shaped umbrella vegetables on the slope had turned green, and clusters of green iris were growing in competition.
"You come back after a while, new leaves will grow from the Chinese Sophora and sacred trees in , and sacred trees in . The spring flowers bloom on both sides, as if they are in the urban forest. It really means 'building a hut in the human world, but there is no noise in the carriages and horses'." Speaking of the greening renovation project he participated in, Li Zhanxiu, chief designer of Beijing Innovation Landscape Garden Design Company, opened up the conversation.
Li Zhanxiu, 56 years old this year, has been working in the landscaping industry for nearly 30 years. From "big squares, big lawns" to "pocket parks, small and micro green spaces", from "introducing a large number of foreign flowers and trees" to "promoting local plants according to local conditions", he has witnessed the changes in urban landscaping work.
——Design is closer to nature.
"There have been renovated here before, but the greening mainly introduces regular lawns, and there are not many trees, so there is not enough shade in summer. Now there are more green plants and landscape shapes, which is more natural. It feels like shopping in the park." Xiao Ming, a Beijing citizen who grew up in Xidan area, said.
At the beginning of the transformation, the first problem faced by Li Zhanxiu and his colleagues was the limitation of insufficient soil covering - the original soil covering layer was only 60 cm thick, which affected the normal growth of trees and had to be replaced every year. To this end, the designers reduced the underground square from 4 floors to 3 floors, leaving more space for the ground greening, and increasing the thickness of the soil covering to 1.5 meters to 2 meters.
: Do "subtraction" in buildings, and greening can be done "addition". Walking through the "update site", the trees such as oil pine , Yuanbao Maple in the roof garden are staggered in height, and the crabapple on the sinking square are surrounded by low shrubs such as lilac , small boxwood , and other places covered plants, forming a rich hierarchical plant community .
"The square covers an area of 18,000 square meters, and the greening area has increased from the original 5,000 square meters to more than 11,000 square meters, and the trees have increased from about 100 to more than 300." Li Zhanxiu introduced that the sunken commercial square is hidden in the transparent and sparse forest greenery, and is coupled with the gray volcanic rock facade that can reduce noise and insulate heat, achieving the effect of "hidden in the downtown".
——The greening plan is more scientific.
"Why don't there be more evergreen tree species?" The reporter was asked when he saw that in addition to a small number of evergreen tree species such as pine, white-skinned pine, , and many deciduous trees are still in dormant period and have bare crowns in the square.
"In fact, in the northern region, a variety of deciduous trees in winter are conducive to light transmission, allowing people to fully enjoy the warm sun." Li Zhanxiu explained that in the past, Beijing has also tried to introduce some evergreen broad-leaved tree species, but the survival rate is not high. After years of exploration, it has been found that it is more appropriate to maintain the ratio of deciduous trees to evergreen trees in Beijing at 7:3, which is conducive to creating a urban leisure environment with sunshade in summer and warm winter.
In addition, in recent years, urban greening has also been striving to pursue frugality and pragmatism. On the lawn of the "renewal field", cold-season grass and wild grasses such as Weiling cabbage are arranged alternately. "Hydroso early-mature grass , high fescue and other cold-season grasses are neat and beautiful, but they consume a lot of water and have high maintenance costs, so they are suitable for use in small quantities in key areas; the dead grass period of Weilingcao is longer than that of cold-season grass, but does not require fertilization and has stronger vitality. The two are arranged in a certain proportion and can complement each other's advantages." Li Zhanxiu introduced that the mixed seeds of cold-season grass and wild grass have been promoted and applied in many landscaping projects.
Urban renewal involves both the renovation of old buildings and the upgrading of infrastructure. The greening renovation project of the Beijing Ping'an Street Demonstration Section is one of the typical cases.
"The once empty and gray street has become a greenway accompanied by flowers and plants, which is shaded and pleasing to the eye." In Beijing, Hu Xin, born in the 1990s, likes to ride a bicycle from Ping'an Street, passing through Beihai and Nanluoguxiang , and feel the charm of old Beijing.
In the past, on both sides of Ping'an Street, which has a width of thirty or forty meters, are mostly low-rise buildings with two floors or less, with imbalanced spatial proportions and insufficient shade. To this end, Li Zhanxiu and his team added a green belt with an average width of about 3 meters in the middle of the street. The upper layer planted local varieties such as Sophora and Begonia, and the lower layer planted rose , hydrangea and other plants, and the bottom layer planted perched flowers , etc.; the sides were widened on both sides, and the sidewalks and non-motorized vehicle lanes were matched with green bamboo, benches, barrier-free facilities, etc., to create a comfortable atmosphere of "cycling on the tree-lined road, walking on the garden street, and leisure in the micro-park".
Li Zhanxiu, who has been in the industry for many years, found that in recent years, the urban landscaping industry has received more attention, and the number of projects and investment volume are also increasing. "There is still a lot of potential for urban renewal. We must create more works that are close to nature and refreshing to make people's lives more comfortable and comfortable."
layout design: Cai Huawei
" People's Daily " (18th edition, April 6, 2022)
