In Chinese history, the once prosperous Mongol Empire , after entering the Yuan Dynasty , why did it declare its destruction and retreat to the northern and northern deserts in less than a hundred years?
The ethnic discrimination in the Yuan Dynasty was the most powerful in all dynasties. The Yuan Dynasty divided the people of the country into four levels. The Mongols were supreme, had a noble status, and were the highest-level ethnic group. The second is , , Han people and "Southern people". "Southern people" are the people in the original ruling areas of the Southern Song Dynasty. These people are the lowest and most discriminated against.
In terms of the punishment rate, the Mongolians beat people from other ethnic groups to death and only punish 50 rods. But if people from other ethnic groups hurt the Mongols, they must be executed immediately. This extremely unequal treatment of
will inevitably arouse strong resistance from the people of the Central Plains. The national oppression policy of Yuan Dynasty was not only rejected and resisted by the people of the Central Plains, but even the neighboring Japan felt disgusted.
Everyone knows that the Mongolian Empire once fought westward and swept Eurasian . Maybe I don’t know that in the early days of the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, I also had two expeditions to Japan in the east, but they all ended in failure. Especially in the second attack on Japan, a large number of prisoners of war were captured by Japan.
The Japanese treated prisoners of war in Yuan Dynasty very extreme. They executed all prisoners of war except the "Southern people". So, why are the "Southerns" spared?
First of all, it is the Japanese who hate the cruel rule of the Yuan Dynasty and are very sympathetic to the tragic experience of the "Southern people". In addition, Japanese culture was deeply influenced by Tang Dynasty . They always believed that the Tang and Song dynasties were the orthodox of the Chinese nation, and the "Southern people" were the pure Chinese.
Another reason for the demise of the Yuan Dynasty was that the regime was very unstable during the Yuan Dynasty. After the death of Kublai , the Yuan Dynasty changed seven emperors like a lantern in just thirty-five years. The court fought for power and profits within the court, and was in chaos.
natural disasters and man-made disasters occurred frequently in the late Yuan Dynasty, especially Yellow River flooding. By the time of Emperor Shun of Yuan Dynasty, it had reached the point where it had to be governed.
In the process of governing the Yellow River, the corruption problem of the Yuan Dynasty became even more apparent. The project of governing the Yellow River was huge. Due to the excessive squander of the Yuan Dynasty nobles, the court's finances had long been empty. Without financial support, the people will suffer. Officials at all levels took the opportunity to extort the people and impose heavy taxes.
People live in poverty, and the people can only rise up. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there were many peasant uprisings, with the largest scale of the White Lotus Rebellion and the Red Turban Army Uprising. In particular, the Red Turban Army Uprising gradually developed into a national anti-Yuan wave and became a catalyst for the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty.
In 1368 AD, Zhu Yuanzhang led his army to capture Yuan Dadu . Emperor Shun of Yuan fled north. The Yuan Dynasty ruled in the Central Plains for only 98 years and was driven back to the north and returned to its original form!
