Infrastructure construction should not cut corners. Tofu projects always have the risk of collapse. Once these unqualified buildings collapse, they will inevitably cause irreversible serious consequences.
, which was once located in South Korea, , Sanfeng Department Store, , sounded the alarm for future engineering builders.
This department store, once proud of Koreans, collapsed during business hours, instantly burying thousands of people, becoming a pain that South Korea can never erase.
What kind of sad and infuriating story is this?
The once-scenic Sanfeng Department Store
Sanfeng Department Store is located in the 1st hole of Seocho District, Seocho District, Seocho District, Seocho District, South Korea. Once, Sanfeng Department Store was once one of the famous landmarks in South Korea because of its huge scale and its prime location in the sub-capital capital of Seoul.
In the second half of 1989, Sanfeng Department Store was completed, and on July 7, 1990, the department store began to open.
This department store is very luxuriously built. The overall building of Sanfeng Department Store consists of two wings on the south and north wings and an atrium built with huge chrome-inlaid glass.
The department store covers an area of about 15,000 square meters and has 5 floors. The walls of the entire building are decorated with Italian pink marble, which looks fashionable and expensive.
The products listed in Sanfeng Department Store include high-end clothing, luxury goods and various expensive furniture, which are consumption gathering places for high-consumption people.
In addition to buying things in Sanfeng Department Store, there are many Korean restaurants on the fifth floor of the department store that were very famous at the time. During the business of Sanfeng Department Store, people working in the city were their target customer groups.
In addition to the building itself being a famous landmark in South Korea in the 1990s, Sanfeng Department Store is also a commercial entity with amazing turnover.
The department store has an average daily turnover of more than US$500,000, and can receive an average daily customer of about 40,000 people.
From the beginning of its completion to June 29, 1995, Sanfeng Department Store has always been the pride of Koreans.
building collapsed, killing thousands of people in 30 seconds
1995 June 29, is an unusual day for Koreans. On this day, many unusual things happened inside Sanfeng Department Store.
On the morning of the same day, Sanfeng Department Store opened as usual. Shortly after opened, some department store employees found cracks on the ceiling! Not only that, the employees also heard the sound of something exploding.
Soon after, the facilities manager of Sanfeng Department Store received a report from the top-floor merchant "Chunyuan Restaurant". Chunyuan Restaurant claimed that there was a large crack on the floor of its store and the column numbered 5E cracked. The staff of the restaurant were very alert and decided to suspend business.
The facility manager quickly reported the strange things he collected to Sanfeng Group, the developer and operator of Sanfeng Department Store.
At that time, Li Yu, chairman of the board of directors of Sanfeng Group, and other management teams did not pay enough attention to the safety hazards that occurred in Sanfeng Department Store.
After all, the building of Sanfeng Department Store had cracked the ceiling on the fifth floor as early as April 1995. Li Liu and others had known about this and had chosen to ignore it.
However, shortly after the problems that occurred in Chunyuan Restaurant were reported to the board of directors, the Sanfeng Department Store suddenly had a violent shock.
Sanfeng Group management thus ordered the shutdown of the air conditioner in Sanfeng Department Store. They believed that the vibration of the building was only caused by the vibration of the air conditioner.
At the same time, because there were too many strange things that day, the director of Sanfeng Group invited civil engineering experts to go to Sanfeng Department Store to inspect the building structure on site.
After a simple on-site investigation, civil engineering experts concluded that there is a risk of the entire building collapse of Sanfeng Department Store.
Sanfeng Group's management takes the result provided to them by civil engineering experts made a wrong decision: stick to business.
These Sanfeng Group management teams, who are fascinated by money, believe that June 29, 1995 is a working day, and after get off work on weekdays, Sanfeng Department Store will usher in a huge customer flow.
For the potential economic benefits of driven by potential customers, the management of Sanfeng Group rejected the motion to close department stores and evacuate people. From 0:00 to 5:00 pm, the ceiling on the 4th floor of Sanfeng Department Store began to sink seriously. In order to operate normally, the staff of Sanfeng Department Store only closed the floor under the ceiling under the instruction of the management and insisted on opening business. At around
5:50, Sanfeng Department Store made another loud noise, accompanied by a series of breaking sounds, which was the last wail of this iconic department store in South Korea.
At 6:05 pm on June 29, 1995, the Sanfeng Department Store began to collapse. In just 30 seconds, the entire building fell into the 4th floor underground and turned into a ruin.
This is the worst landslide accident in peacetime in South Korea's history, causing the most casualties. The collapse of Sanfeng Department Store caused a total of 502 deaths and 937 injuries.
This is the biggest casualty in the world's self-destructive collapse incident in the 1990s, and it is a permanent pain for Koreans.
What is even more shocking is that there are signs of collapse of Sanfeng Department Store. This is a dangerous building made of a tofu project!
The department store that caused serious casualties was a tofu project
Sanfeng Department Store was not originally a building used for mall operation.
At the beginning of the design, Sanfeng Department Store was an office building built by Sanfeng Group in 1987. This office building was originally planned to be built with 4 floors.
However, because , the chairman of Sanfeng Group, Li Liu, temporarily proposed a plan change, transforming the original 4-story office building into a 5-story commercial building.
affects the whole body. If a 4-story building needs to be converted into a 5-story building, will cause serious overload of the original foundation and load-bearing facilities, causing safety hazards.
At the same time, Li , the chairman of Sanfeng Group, asked to dig up the space used for one of the load-bearing columns and install escalator , and is for commercial use. This change of made the originally overwhelmed load-bearing facilities worse.
The original designer of Sanfeng Department Store was shocked when he saw the changes requests by group president Li Liu. He believed that such changes were the result of capital's profit-oriented and neglected human life, so he rejected Li Liu's request to modify the building design plan.
Li Yu insisted on his own, fired the original designer, and still asked others to change the original 4th floor building to 5th floor, and hollowed out the load-bearing wall to install an escalator.
After the new and unreasonable design drawings were released, the construction team that built the Sanfeng Department Store also had bad ideas.
According to Korean building safety standards, Sanfeng Department Store, as a 5-story building, should have load-bearing columns with a diameter of more than 80 cm.
In fact, when the Sanfeng Department Store building was built, only load-bearing columns with a diameter of 60 cm were built, and the steel bars in the middle of the load-bearing columns were reduced from 16 items required by the safety standards to 8 items.
cut corners so irresponsibly that the building's load-bearing capacity has been reduced by half!
In addition, the reinforced concrete floor slabs on the reinforced concrete floor 14th floor of Sanfeng Department Store are installed incorrectly, causing the floor slab thickness to thinner and the support strength to be reduced by about 20%. During the use of
, managers ignored the reality of the building's load-bearing and violated the regulations to move the air conditioner, resulting in the building's load-bearing more than 4 times the original design load-bearing , which was the last straw that overwhelmed the Sanfeng Department Store.
irresponsible changes to the drawings, cut corners during the construction process, and improper use after completion. The Sanfeng Department Store, the tofu project, collapsed within 5 years after it was put into use.
summary
After the collapse of Sanfeng Department Store, the South Korean government carried out a large-scale screening for illegal buildings. What shocked the Koreans was that as of 1995, only 2% of the buildings in the country had good safety performance.
Tofu Scrap Project has become the sword of Damocles hanging on the heads of Koreans.
The tragedy caused by the Korean tofu project has alerted the world that endless greed is not the "way" that businessmen should follow, and people-oriented is the best strategy for sustainable development.
