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In order to improve the whole society's understanding of the application for the Taihang Castle, create a strong atmosphere for everyone to participate in the application for the Heritage, let more people know and understand the Taihang Castle, enhance the popularity and influence of the Taihang Castle, and cheer for the application for the Taihang Castle. Jincheng Municipal Party Committee News Center, Shanxi Pictorial Jincheng Press Station, and Jincheng Taihang Ancient Castle Research Institute jointly launched a series of reports on the Taihang Ancient Castle, deeply explore the cultural connotation behind the ancient castle, and comprehensively introduce the profound historical heritage and cultural value of the Taihang Ancient Castle, and present the Taihang Ancient Castle as the "spokesperson" of Jincheng to the world. (Shanxi Pictorial·Taihang Headlines)
Bonzicheng 's general sigh and expectation
Wanzicheng, which stretches across the mountains and ridges of the southern foot of the Taihang Mountains, is a pass on the "Shangyan Sakura Road" in Taihang Xing. It was built in the early Tang Dynasty and was a place where troops were stationed in Tianjing Pass for all dynasties. It was an important military pass for "Beijing and Heluo in Nantong". Because the ancient road where it is winding among the mountains and ridges, its shape is like a sheep intestine, it has another name, "The Sheep Intestine Sakuradao". For more than 2,000 years, the "Wanzi City" that was dominated by this has become the gateway of Henan and Jin dynasties, which "one man is in control, ten thousand men cannot open", and is still majestic.
Wanzicheng is located on the side of Mengliang Mountain on the border of Wancheng Village, Jinmiaopu Town, Zezhou County, Shanxi Province. It is surrounded by the mountains and valleys. There is a north-south stone mountain road in the center of the city, which is an important military pass at the junction of Shanxi, Hebei and Henan provinces. In 2004, Wanzicheng was announced as the fourth batch of cultural relics protection units by the Shanxi Provincial Government as part of the ruins of Tianjingguan in Jinmiaopu Town. The movie "1942" was filmed here, and Wanzicheng became famous here. It comes into people's vision vividly.
Bonzicheng, it is said that the Tang Dynasty general Guo Ziyi led a team to build a bluestone. The name comes from this ancient castle-like building, "it looks like a bowl, so it is called Wanzi City." "Zezhou Prefecture Chronicles•Pass•Ancient Sites" states: "The Taihang top ninety miles south of the prefecture, the mountains are back, the roads are dangerous, and the small city is built in China is like an iron jar." This small city built against a cliff is limited by geographical conditions. It is about 50 meters long from east to west, about 25 meters wide, and the city wall is 5-7 meters high and 4 meters wide, with a total area of only 1 acre. There are stone carvings of "Beida Capital" and "Nantong Yiluo" above the lintels in the south and north of Wanzi City. About twenty meters south of Wanzi City, you can see that the four big characters "Ancient Yangchan Ban" are engraved on the cliff. It is said that they were written by Weng Tonghe, the "two generations of imperial teachers" in the Qing Dynasty.
When it comes to Wanzi City, we must mention Taihang Eight Hings and "Shanyan Sakadao". The Eight Passages of Taihang are the throat passages between the three provinces of Shanxi, Hebei and Henan in ancient times, crossing the Taihang Mountains. This ancient road winds among the mountains and ridges, and has a unique name because it looks like a sheep intestine, the "Yangyan Sakura Road". Follow this mountain road for several miles to reach Changping Village, Qinyang City, Henan Province.
During the Warring States Period, King Zhaoxiang of Qin conquered all men over fifteen years old to join the army and personally led their troops here. Afterwards, the Qin general Bai Qi led his army north to fight against the Zhao army and launched the bloody battle of Changping.
During the Three Kingdoms (206 AD), Cao Cao led his troops to attack the high-ranking officials, passing through the Yangyan Sakura here, leaving behind the famous "Red Cold Travel": "Going to Taihang Mountain north, how difficult it is! The Yangyan Sakura is ruthless, and the wheels urge it."
The Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai (701-762 AD) passed by here and also sighed that "I want to cross the Yellow River to block the ice, and I will climb the Taihang Mountains with snow" (" Is Difficult to Walk ").
When Guo Ziyi (697-781 AD) led his troops to guard Taihang Mountain, he split the mountain and knocked on the stone to build a city here, and blocked the main juncture of Ze ( Zezhou Prefecture ) and Huai (Huaiqing Prefecture). Since then, Wanzi City has naturally become an important military pass and a place that must be fought for by military strategists.
Da Song In the first year of Jianlong (960 AD), Zhao Kuangyin became emperor (i.e. Taizu of Song), established Northern Song , and died in the Later Zhou Dynasty. At that time, the general of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Li Yun, occupied the city of Zezhou, and he was determined to join forces with the Northern Han Dynasty, Ruizong to attack Song Baozhou.Ruizong of the Northern Han led his troops to support him and appointed Li Yun as King of Xiping. Li Yunliu's son Li Shoujie guarded Shangdang (now Changzhi City) and led his troops to the south. Unexpectedly, Zhao Kuangyin took the lead and sent generals Shi Shouxin and Mu Rong Yanzhao to attack Li Yun. Mu Rong Yanzhao went north to Changping (now Gaoping City ), defeating Li Yun's army in the first battle and winning 3,000 people. Later, Zhao Kuangyin personally led the army to the Taihang Mountains. When he went north to Taihang Mountain, he saw that the mountain road was rugged and difficult to walk, so he personally dismounted himself and built a road with stones on his back. All the ministers and six armies did as they did. It took only one day to "flat the stones as the way." After the road was opened, Zhao Kuangyin led his troops to pass Wanzi City and Tianjing Pass, and met with Shi Shouxin's troops. He defeated Li Yun and the 30,000 main troops of the Northern Han coalition in the Chayuan area south of Zezhou City. Li Yun was forced to retreat to Zezhou City. In order to conquer the city of Zezhou and continue to go north, Zhao Kuangyin personally supervised the battle. The morale of the three armies increased greatly. He soon captured the lonely city of Zezhou. On the day the city was broken, Li Yun jumped into the fire and burned himself to death. Later, due to its special geographical location, Wanzi City became a military fortress that the Song, Liao and Jin dynasties competed for each other. There are still Jiaozan City and Mengliangzhai ruins. A mountain on the southwest side of it is called Mengliang Mountain.
In the 18th year of Zhizheng in the Yuan Dynasty (1358 AD), Cao Pu, Wang Shicheng and others went to Taihang and captured Jinning Road. The Yuan general Cha Khan Timur was defeated and divided his troops to Zezhou, blocked Wanzi City, and broke through the pass.
In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, general Xu Da led Wang Shizhen , Feng Sheng , Fu Yunsheng and others to take Huaiqing from Wuzhi, Henan, and beyond Taihang, first defeated Wanzi City, then Zezhou, and then Luzhou . During the Zhengtong period of the Ming Dynasty (1436-1449 AD), the Ningshan Guard commander Hu Gang led his men to dig stones to open the mountain, and the road was flat, and "the chariot and riding were not enough to pass."
During the Qing Dynasty, the iron goods sold by Shanxi people in the south and the tea transported from Fujian to Chaktu also passed by here. In Wanzi City, how many business travelers and heroes have witnessed the competition and wars are rising everywhere?
1939, the 115th Brigade of the 40th Army of the Kuomintang encountered the Japanese army in the area of Wanzi City, Taihangguan. It blocked the Japanese army for 47 days and wiped out more than 2,000 Japanese invaders. The Japanese army could not capture it for a long time, but in the end, they even launched poison gas bombs, causing all more than 3,000 anti-Japanese soldiers to be killed.
The past is not as good as smoke. Now, Wanzi City, which has experienced vicissitudes, is still standing quietly on the sakura road. Around the small town, there are seven castles including more than 200 meters long, including the ancient city wall and Mengliangzhai. On the opposite mountaintop, there are remains of artillery towers built by the Japanese invaders during China, and on the hillside is an air-raid shelter built during the Cultural Revolution. Standing on Wanzi City, looking down, there are four roads from the top of the mountain to the bottom of the mountain, namely: Kong Road (an ancient road that Confucius walked when he traveled around the country to the Jin State), Yangcaoban (also known as Cao Dao or Zhao Road, rebuilt when Cao Cao went north, and rebuilt when Zhao Kuangyin personally led his troops), Military Road (built by Yan Xishan during the Republic of China period), and National Highway 207 (a second-class highway to Henan built after the founding of New China). On the mountain wall less than one kilometer southwest of Wanzi City, there are three Yuan Dynasty remembered and a stone niche, with one Buddha and two Bodhisattvas engraved in the stone niche. At the foot of the mountain opposite Wanzi City, there was no idea when the 18 Dui Mulu was left, the stream was full of water and the moss was vibrant. Could it be that the soldiers and merchants of that year were walking on cones, pounding grain, collecting water, and cooking here?
Falling flowers are unintentionally, and flowing water is ruthless. Human beings have entered the 21st century. Shizhai, ancient castles, dangerous passes, and Xiongguan have gradually withdrawn from the war stage. Expressways, highways, high-speed railways, aerospace, information networks, smart residences, smart cars, and smart robots have changed the global village every minute. Although Wanzi City is no longer as busy as before, it still has the value of military, commerce, transportation and other historical materials research.
The "Taihang Pass" of the past has lost its prosperity, and the broken walls are a little desolate, but the majestic natural landscape, the storm of wars in previous dynasties and many precious cultural relics and monuments have accumulated rich heritage, which has attracted people to search for ancient times.
How to use contemporary values to awaken the traditional historical and cultural charm and let Wanzi City go to the world?
Source: Shanxi Pictorial Jincheng No.
Editor: Dong Yalian Yan Huahua
Source: Xinhua No. shanxi Pictorial Jincheng No.
