Zhuzhou Daily All-Media Reporter/Kuang Kunhong Organized
Zhuzhou is an important source of the Chinese revolution during the early days of our party; an important base for the war of the Agrarian Revolution; an important practice place for the initial formation of Mao Zedong Thought; an important contribution place to the peaceful uprising of Hunan . According to historical records, Mao Zedong came to Zhuzhou to carry out important activities 16 times, and visited Zhuzhou. He conducted a series of pioneering revolutionary practices such as the founding of the Party, the founding of the army, the establishment of the government, the exploration of the revolutionary path in Zhuzhou.
In Liling , Mao Zedong delivered a speech to promote Marxism, comprehensively inspected the peasant movement to explore the basic issues of the Chinese revolution; in Autumn Harvest Uprising, Mao Zedong first carried out deployment in Zhuzhou; in Yanling , Mao Zedong implemented the company to build the party for the first time, laying the foundation for " Party command guns "; in Chaling , Mao Zedong first implemented the company to build the party, laying the foundation for " Party command guns "; in Chaling , Mao Zedong implemented the company to build the party for the first time, laying the foundation for " Party command guns "; in Chaling l3, Mao Zedong instructed the establishment of the Chaling County Workers' Peasants' Government, carry out the first anti-counterfeiting of the People's Army, and announced the "three major tasks" of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army for the first time, so as to clarify the mission of the People's Army for the first time...
On the occasion of commemorating Mao Zedong's inspection of the Hunan Peasant Movement, the Autumn Harvest Uprising, the division of troops from Shuikou, and the Chaling County Workers' Peasants' Government, the editor sorted out the footprints left by Mao Zedong in Zhuzhou and took readers back to those glorious years.
On May 22, 1965, Chairman Mao Zedong stayed in Chaling when he returned to Jinggangshan and took a photo with Chaling cadres.
Exploration of Party Building
Mao Zedong attached importance to the development of Party members and Party organizations in Zhuzhou, adhered to the system to build the Party, comprehensively promoted the development of the workers and peasants' movement, and laid a practical foundation for exploring the revolutionary path with Chinese characteristics.
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Sowing the spark of Marxism at the Liling A Class Normal School
The First Congress of the Communist Party of China , Mao Zedong appointed party members or came to Zhuzhou in person to promote Marxism. When Mao Zedong visited Anyuan in May 1922, when he visited the newly established Anyuan Workers' Club, he came to the Liling A-Trade Normal School and gave a long speech entitled "Class and Class Struggle", which had an extremely far-reaching impact on the spread of Marxism in Liling. Liling A-Trade Normal School became the first base to spread Marxism established by the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China in Xiangdong .
In May 1922, Mao Zedong delivered a long speech at the Liling Confucian Temple Class A Normal School. The picture shows an old photo of the Liling Confucian Temple.
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"Shuikou Company Establishing the Party" is the first concrete practice of the principle of "built branches in companies" determined by " Sanwan Adaptation ". It establishes the Party's absolute leadership over the army and is an innovation in the political work of the new type of people's army.
On October 13, 1927, Mao Zedong led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to Shuikou, Qing County and lived in the Jiang family in Qiaotou. The picture shows Mao Zedong's former residence - Jiang's family in Qiaotou, Shuikou.
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Guide the local organization construction of Zhuzhou Party during the base period
After the Autumn Harvest Uprising, under the attention and support of Mao Zedong, Zhuzhou counties established county party committees and district committees respectively, becoming an important leadership force in the revolutionary struggle.
In 1928, the Chaling Special District Committee of the Communist Party of China was established. This was an adjustment by Mao Zedong in party building based on the revolutionary situation in various counties in the early stage of the Jinggangshan struggle.
In February 1928, Mao Zedong instructed the establishment of the CPC Huang County Special District Committee. In May 1928, due to the traitor's rebellion, the Huang County Party Committee was destroyed. Later, in accordance with Mao Zedong's instructions, Huang County re-established the local party organization.
At the Xiangdong Special Committee meeting held in Liling on September 17, 1930, Mao Zedong proposed that You County has an important strategic position and that the county party committee and county Soviet government should be established as soon as possible. In October 1930, the Youxian County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established.
On September 17, 1930, Mao Zedong held a meeting of the Hunan-East Special Committee of the Communist Party of China at the Lujiangqiao Office, Zhuangyuanzhou, Liling. The picture shows an old photo of Lujiangqiao Office.
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Encourage Wan Xixian Writing "The Fundamental Principles of the Communist Organization" in Chaling
Wan Xixian was due to his work practice and Mao Zedong's encouragement to him. On October 27, 1929, he wrote more than 9,000 words of theoretical article and party member textbook "The Fundamental Principles of the Communist Organization" officially completed and spread it on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi.
This is a glorious document on party building formed by the Chinese Communists in the great practice of exploring the new path of the Chinese revolution after the failure of the Great Revolution. It has become an important exploration and important practice of 's "Three Meetings and One Class" system , and is a major innovation in adhering to the system to build the party.
Exploration of the People's Army
Before and after the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Mao Zedong made active and fruitful explorations in Zhuzhou to strengthen the Party's leadership over the army, clarify the military's tasks, and strengthen the ideological and political work of the army, and began to build a new type of people's army, fully reflecting Mao Zedong's early military-building thoughts and military thoughts.
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Shuikou Rest and Rest Preliminary clarification of the discipline requirements of the People's Army
1927 After the failure of the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Mao Zedong led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to move to the enemy's weak Luoxiao Mountains . In mid-October, he came to Shuikou, Qing County for rest and rest.
In Songshan Dam in Huangniwan, Shuikou, Mao Zedong organized his troops to carry out a series of military training. This was Mao Zedong's practical exploration of military construction during the early days of the People's Army.
During the rest of the water outlet, Mao Zedong lived at the Jiang family in Qiaotou. The owner, Mrs. Jiang, brought a bowl of sweet potatoes to Mao Zedong for food. Mao Zedong insisted on giving silver dollars , leaving behind a touching story of "a bowl of sweet potatoes with strict discipline".
On his way to Jinggangshan from Shuikou, Qing County in late October, 1927, Mao Zedong announced three disciplines to the army for the first time: "First, follow the command of the action; second, do not take a single sweet potato for the masses; third, fight against the local tyrants and return to the public."
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●Hukou turns the Lan Lan The People's Army's first anti-counterfeiting
1927, the leader of the First Regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army Chen Hao intends to rebel. Mao Zedong arrived at the mouth of Chaling Lake in time, exposed the rebellious conspiracy of Chen Hao and his gang, detained Chen Hao and his gang, and brought the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army back to Ninggang Longshi. This is the first time that the People's Army has suppressed counter-country in history. Mao Zedong used the principle of "the party commanded the gun" to save the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army that was in a difficult and early-stage manner.
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Summary of the experience of attacking Chaling and establishing the "three major tasks" principle of building the army
When Mao Zedong summed up the experience and lessons of establishing the workers, peasants and soldiers government in the second fight against Chaling, Mao Zedong announced the "three major tasks" of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army for the first time: First, eliminate the enemy in war; second, fight against local tyrants and raise funds; third, promote the masses, organize the masses, and help the masses establish a revolutionary regime. The "three major tasks" clarify the purpose of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and stipulates the basic military, political and economic missions of the revolutionary team in terms of functions.
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The first systematic explanation of the red regime's ideas
After the "Three Wan Adaptation", the troops were still in a state of turmoil. Starting from March 19, 1928, Mao Zedong concentrated on a week to carry out political education for the troops in the Badanji field in Nakamura's small shop. This is the first time since the establishment of Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base , Mao Zedong has explained the idea of the red regime to all officers and soldiers in a more systematic manner, and the first time he has fully and systematically explained the political proposition of armed separatism.
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Zhu Maohuang County first met to realize the great meeting of the two armies
On October 13, 1927, the revolutionary army of workers and peasants led by Mao Zedong arrived in the ten capitals of Huang County. One day, after seeing the report "The Communist Party Ye He's failed in Chao and Shan" in the newspaper, he had the idea of finding Zhu De's troops and receiving Jinggangshan. A few months later, He Changgong, who came to Guangzhou to find Zhu De's troops, accidentally learned about the location of Zhu De's troops in the bathhouse. While Mao Zedong sent people to find Zhu De's troops, Zhu De sent Mao Zetan to the Hunan-Jiangxi border to find Mao Zedong's troops.
After many twists and turns, one morning around April 20, 1928, Mao Zedong and Zhu De met for the first time in Shidu, and most of Zhu and Mao met successfully in Qing County. Zhu and Mao met to consolidate and develop China's first rural revolutionary base and became a banner of the Chinese revolution.
Exploration on the construction of Red regime
Chaling County Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Government is the earliest model for the people to be masters of their own country and implement a new type of democratic establishment. Its leaders are elected from bottom to top, with the masses as the foundation and pillar. This is the specific practice of Mao Zedong's proposal to establish a "government-like" regime in the "Outline of the Hunan Movement".
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"One-killing Chaling City" To create a momentum of "armed separatist worker and peasants"
In October 1927, after the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army settled in Maoping, Mao Zedong sent former committee member Wan Xi first to lead the troops to capture Chaling County, directly attack the county government office, posted revolutionary slogans, smashed the prison, rescued more than 80 backbone of the Workers' and Peasants' movement waiting to die, and quickly returned to Ninggang. This is the "One-killing Chaling City" in history.
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2-dou Chaling. To comprehensively "manage Chaling"
In order to further expand political influence and solve the problem of military support, Mao Zedong, given that Chaling has an important strategic position and good natural conditions and a good mass base, he developed the strategic idea of "manage Chaling".
In November 1927, Mao Zedong's revolutionary army of workers and peasants attacked Chaling City for the second time. Chaling City became the first county town occupied by the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army after entering Jinggangshan, opening a new chapter in Mao Zedong's comprehensive "management of Chaling".
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Chaling Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Government The first red regime in China created by Mao Zedong
At that time, the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army had no management experience, and the regiment commander Chen Hao had deep habits in the old army, and the people thought it was "old wine in new bottles." After Mao Zedong learned about it, he immediately wrote a letter, instructing that "the Kuomintang cannot do the same thing as the ones, and the workers, peasants and soldiers governments must be established."
On November 28, 1927, the Chaling County Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Government was established, and Tan Zhenlin was appointed as chairman. The first red regime on the Hunan-Jiangxi border, which was democratically elected and truly represented the interests of the people, was born. This made the initial attempt and exploration for the Communist Party of China to build the people's regime and practice its original mission.
Exploration of the land revolution
0 Agrarian revolution is one of the basic contents of China New Democratic Revolution , and it is also a concrete manifestation of the Communist Party of China's practice of its original aspiration and mission. After Mao Zedong decided to establish the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base, he began to consider the issue of land distribution according to the central government's policy of solving the land problem of farmers.
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Come to Zhuzhou to inspect the peasant movement and face the basic problems of the Chinese revolution
The first National Congress of the Party soon ended, the peasant movement led by the Party began to gradually emerge in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang, Hailufeng, Guangdong, Hengshan, and Zhuzhou, Hunan.
In May 1925, the Badians' Association of Zhuzhou (belongs to the East District of Xiangtan County) was established. It is the earliest farmers' association in Hunan Province after Hengshan "Yuebei Farmers' Union". Subsequently, Liling, Youxian, Chaling, Huangxian and other counties successively established county farmers' associations, and established farmers' associations in 36 districts and 610 townships, with nearly 400,000 members participating in the farmers' association. The peasant movement in Zhuzhou has had a great influence in Hunan Province and even the whole country.
From January 27 to February 4, 1927, Mao Zedong came to Liling to inspect the peasant movement, recording a real record for the emerging Chinese peasant movement. Soon he published the famous "Hunan Peasant Movement Inspection Report", praising the peasant movement for "very good!" and mentioning or citing 14 typical examples of Liling.
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Deployment of the "March Riot" kicked off the "fighting local tyrants and dividing fields" in Huangnuotan
On March 9, 1928, the Peasant Riot Team of the Peasant Riot fired the first shot of the Peasant Riot in Huangnuotan, opening the prelude to the "March Riot".
In mid-March, Mao Zedong led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to Huang County in three directions.With the close cooperation of the peasant riots, the First Regiment of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army captured the town of Huang County in one fell swoop. The revolutionary red flag was planted on the tower of Huang County for the first time, opening the prelude to "beating local tyrants and dividing fields" in Huang County.
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presided over Zhongcun’s licence to divide the land, which set off a wave of land revolution for the first time
1928 On March 18, 1928, Mao Zedong led the revolutionary army of workers and peasants to Zhongcun, Huang County. Here, Mao Zedong began to think about the practical issues of the agrarian revolution.
htmlOn March 24, Mao Zedong held a meeting at Zhounan School in Zhongcun, Qing County to study the issue of land distribution. The participants elected Mao Zedong as the "director" of the land distribution. The field division was first piloted in Daoren Village, and all bamboo signs were inserted with names of poor farmers, mu, location, and four realms. After the pilot project of Daoren Village was completed, other villages also allocated land according to this method.This is the first land distribution carried out by the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base. It is an attempt to organically combine armed struggle, regime construction and agrarian revolution to build a base, providing valuable experience for the formulation of " Jinggangshan Land Law " and "Land Law on Prospering the Country".
Exploration of China's revolutionary path
"surrounding cities in the countryside and seizing power with armed forces" is a revolutionary path that creatively summarized by Mao Zedong's experience in leading the struggle between the Red Army and the base areas after the failure of the Great Revolution.
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Deploy the Zhuzhou autumn harvest riot, and start a new road to armed seizing power
On August 31, 1927, Mao Zedong went to Anyuan to stop in Zhuzhou and deployed the Zhuzhou autumn harvest riot. He asked Zhuzhou to restore and develop the party organization as soon as possible, organize the workers and peasant riots, and clarified four tasks. The Autumn Harvest Uprising broke out on September 9, and Liling and Zhuzhou were important areas and one of the important battlefields of the uprising.
Mao Zedong led , the Autumn Harvest Uprising of the Hunan-Jiangxi border, including Liling, Zhuzhou and other places, publicly raised the banner of the Chinese Communist Party leading the Chinese revolution, further demonstrating the determination of the Communist Party of China to independently lead the revolutionary war. The Communist Party of China began to become the core force in leading the Chinese people to open up the revolutionary path with Chinese characteristics.
At the end of August 1927, Mao Zedong went to Anyuan to transfer to Zhuzhou to deploy the Zhuzhou Autumn Harvest Uprising. The picture shows an old photo of the Zhuzhou Transfer Bureau of Hanyeping Company, the former site of the event.
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Shuikou decided to divide troops. After the first rural revolutionary base was opened up,
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 After Mao Zedong saw the news of the failure of the Nanchang Uprising troops in the newspaper that they were missing, Mao Zedong "made up his mind on the spot" and strengthened his determination to establish armed separatist rule in Jinggangshan. After Mao Zedong made the decision to go to Jinggangshan at Shuikou, he deployed the troops to split the troops. One way, Mao Zedong led the main troops through Xiacun of Yang County to Dafen of Suichuan County, and went to Jinggangshan to meet with Wang Zuo ; the other way, Wan Xi first led the attack on Chaling County to cover the transfer of the main troops, and then went to Jinggangshan to meet with the main forces.
The decision to divide the troops at the water outlet allowed the weak workers and peasants' revolutionary army to find a foothold in a short period of time, avoiding failure caused by encountering strong enemies, and thus established the first rural revolutionary base under the leadership of the Party, began to explore the correct path of the Chinese revolution, and carried out the great struggle to create the Jinggangshan revolutionary base.
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Decision-making, Zhuzhou turns troops, firmly implement the "rural surrounds the city"
In the summer of 1930, a "left" adventure error occurred within the party, and ordered the Red Army to attack large cities such as Nanchang , Changsha, and Wuhan. After the first Red Army suffered a setback in the attack of Changsha, it moved to Zhuzhou on September 13 and held an enlarged meeting of the General Front Committee of the Red Army, the "Zhuzhou Conference" at Henghe Yaohao (later renamed Xiefeng Chang Silk Shop) on Zhongzheng Street (now Jiefang Street). After 5 hours of fierce debate, the meeting made a decision to give up attacking Changsha and attack Ji'an .
The decision-making of the "Zhuzhou Conference" changed its main attack direction, and began to correct Li Lisan's "left" adventures in action, reversed a serious crisis that occurred in the Chinese revolution at that time, saved the weak Red Army from the danger of destruction, saved the young Red Army and the young Chinese Revolution, and created conditions for smashing the first "encirclement and suppression" launched by the Kuomintang.
The Red Army took the opportunity to open up a large number of revolutionary bases, embarked on a correct path for the Chinese revolution to "surround the city with the countryside" and seize power with armed forces.
Zhuzhou Henghe Medicine No. (later changed to Xiefengchang Silk Store) old photo.
Exploration of Socialist construction
After the founding of New China , Mao Zedong put forward new ideas and a series of correct policies and policies for China's socialist construction. On July 30, 1955, the Second Session of the First National People's Congress reviewed and officially passed the "First Five-Year Plan". From then on, Zhuzhou's industry ushered in a once-in-a-lifetime development opportunity. Since the "First Five-Year Plan" implemented in 1953, the country has identified Zhuzhou as one of the eight newly built key industrial cities in the country, including 4 of the 156 key projects that the Soviet Union aided China, and 7 of the 694 construction projects with a limit of more than quota have been settled in Zhuzhou. Since then, dozens of national and provincial key projects such as Zhuzhou Railway Organizing Station have been settled in Zhuzhou, thus laying the foundation for Zhuzhou's relatively complete industrial structure and industrial system.
Zhuzhou, an industrial new city born with the founding of New China, can be regarded as the successful blueprint for the socialist modernization of New China.
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Jiamian Zhuzhou State-owned Sansanyi Factory
On the second anniversary of the founding of New China, after Mao Zedong's instructions, the aircraft engine factory was established and renamed the state-owned Sansanyi Factory.
At the beginning of the factory construction, Sansanyi Factory embarked on a difficult entrepreneurial journey of accumulating production and manufacturing experience while repairing, and built the blueprint of China Airlines on a blank piece of paper. In early 1954, Sansanyi Factory accepted the trial production task of the 50 engine issued by the Fourth Bureau of the Second Ministry of Machinery Industry. More than one month ahead of the prescribed trial production period, on August 25, the National Appraisal Committee signed a test run appraisal certificate, and the appraisal conclusion fully affirmed the historical significance of the Sansany Factory's manufacturing of the first aircraft engine in my country's history. All the factory employees sent a good news letter to Chairman Mao for this purpose. What excited Zhuzhou Airlines people was that on October 25, Mao Zedong personally signed a letter of praise for all the factory employees.
Today, in the aviation industry, Zhuzhou has developed into the country's largest small and medium-sized aviation engine research and production base, the country's only small and medium-sized aviation engine characteristic industrial base, and the country's first batch of Hunan's only national general aviation industry comprehensive demonstration zones.
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Shortly stopped Zhuzhou Care for New City Development
On November 25, 1954, Mao Zedong took a special train from Guangzhou to Zhuzhou Station to change the front of the train. He stayed for about 20 minutes, asked about the development of Zhuzhou at that time, and had a cordial conversation with the railway officer and train hooker.
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Care for the development of Liling porcelain industry
Mao Zedong’s understanding of Liling porcelain began during his inspection of the Hunan peasant movement. In 1956, under Mao Zedong's care, the State Council successively approved the establishment of Liling Porcelain Industry Corporation and Liling Porcelain Company Art Porcelain Factory (renamed Qunli Porcelain Factory in 1964).
The porcelain used by Chairman Mao in the second half of his life was almost all Liling underglaze colorful porcelain. According to records, until 1974, Liling created more than 1,500 special porcelain for Chairman Mao in 16 years.
2008 Liling’s underglaze five-color porcelain firing technology was included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. In 2013, Liling Kiln was announced by the State Council as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 2021, the total output value of Liling's ceramic industry exceeded 45 billion yuan.
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Watch Zhuzhou's "Life and Death Card"
1956 On the evening of May 30, 1956, Mao Zedong watched the opera "Three Women Grab the Board" transplanted by the Zhuzhou Flower Drum Troupe in Changsha, and commented that the play had a communist style and that the troupe should modify it and perform in Beijing.He suggested changing the name to "Life and Death Card", and asking Hunan Provincial Party Committee to organize personnel to revise and rehearse, and make a video to screen all over the country.
Source: Zhuzhou Daily
Editor: Zhang Yuxiao
Review: Luo Xiaoling
Review: Luo Xiaoling
