Speaking of military vehicles, many people's first reaction is the military-green Beijing Jeep and the "brothers" produced by other factories (such as the jeep produced by Fuqi, Jiangxi). They look very similar and have the same technology, so they have become the "hot products" on the streets back then.
However, military vehicles are actually a very broad definition, and the types of vehicles are very rich. It is just that because we are common to Jeep, we equate military vehicles with Jeep. In fact, the world of military vehicles is very exciting. However, because Jeep is too common and space limitations, we will not talk about it for now, let’s talk about military trucks that we are not very familiar with.
The statement that China's automobile industry has developed late and started slowly cannot be an excuse for the development of the automobile industry to lag behind, because as early as 1956, the first domestic car after the founding of New China drove out of the factory gate and was also the first military vehicle in New China. This is the Jiefang CA10, a two-axle military transport truck, which has appeared many times in the stories about Lei Feng.
0. Many people don’t know that in that era when car manufacturing technology and experience were lacking, making such a truck also required a lot of foreign experience. Therefore, Jiefang CA10 referenced the Soviet Union’s Gith 150. From a distance, the two cars looked almost exactly the same. However, the Gith 150 is not original, it comes from the KR11 of the IWN Harvester Factory in the United States.
CA10 uses a 5.6-liter 6-cylinder engine with a maximum power of 90 horsepower, a maximum speed of 65km/h and a load capacity of 4 tons. As a 4×2 military truck, it does not have much off-road capabilities and is more of a role in road transportation, but the CA10 can be converted into a variety of special purpose cars, including fire trucks, tankers, engineering vehicles, etc.
As a military vehicle, the disadvantages of CA10 are also very obvious. One of them is the lack of off-road capabilities. Therefore, before the National Day in 1958, CA30 came into being. This is a truly all-round military vehicle. Although the cab and engine compartment of the CA30 and CA10 are basically the same, the other places are very different.
The first thing is the three-axis layout of the CA30, the rear double axles use the rough single tires of off-road trucks, and the 6×6 drive form, and the maximum engine power has been increased to 109 horsepower. It has a wider purpose than the CA10. In addition to transportation, it can also modify various weapons and vehicles, such as towing surface-to-air missiles. Of course, the CA30 prototype is also from the Gith 157 of the Soviet Union.
I remember that this off-road military vehicle is still in our childhood memories. As early as the 1990s, many CA30s that were retired from the army were converted into various special-purpose cars and active in different places. I remember that when I was a child, I often saw CA30 modified rescue vehicles. The burly body was with a semi-enclosed carriage, with a bunch of iron chains hanging behind, and various accident vehicles dragged behind. The shiny dark green car paint made people feel that they were passing through the front with a cold metal atmosphere.
When it comes to FAW, they will inevitably talk about Second Automobile, and Second Automobile's military vehicles have a deep historical origin with FAW.
Erqi's EQ240 prototype was actually developed by FAW in 1968, code-named "25Y". The technology comes from CA30 and the Ural 4320 of the Soviet Union. However, in the end, the complete set of technologies was given to Erqi according to the needs of the country. Erqi, which had just been established at that time, developed rapidly with the support of FAW. So although FAW and Erqi are so fierce now, FAW was the best brother of Erqi back then.
EQ240 is a 2.5-ton off-road truck. The basic functions can be referred to as CA30. It has good off-road capabilities. After that, a variety of models have evolved, and the power is constantly being upgraded. There are also many modified models. At present, there are still many improved models in service.
But most people probably still have the impression of Erqi on Dongfeng EQ140, because this model was widely used in civil transportation back then, and of course some were also used as military vehicles. In fact, it also comes from FAW, and the prototype comes from Jiefang CA141, which is also a classic model.
In addition to FAW and Second Automobile, there is also a big military vehicle manufacturer, that is, Nanqi. The most famous military vehicle is the NJ130 and NJ230.
The two models of
are smaller than other military vehicles. The NJ130 and NJ230 are similar to Jiefang. One is a 4×2 transport truck and the other is a 4×4 off-road truck, but the body is smaller. The NJ130 has a load of 2.5 tons and the NJ230 has a load of only 1.5 tons.
As a model of that period, it is naturally impossible to escape from imitation objects. Therefore, NJ130 borrowed from Gas 51 and NJ230 borrowed from Gas 63, and like their opponents, it has evolved into many models. However, it is said that the quality of the Jumping Beast is not very good, its production capacity is limited, and its competitiveness is not high, so it was rare to see nanqi produce military vehicles later.
But what is interesting is that some people may think that the front face of NJ130 looks familiar, yes, because it often plays guest appearances in Japanese military vehicles in anti-Japanese war films.
1966, Luoyang's No. tractor factory, the Luoyang Yituo, which is famous for its Oriental Red Tractor, developed a 5-ton military off-road truck, known as the Oriental Red LT665. The difference between the LT665 and the above models is that its prototype is not from the Soviet Union, but from the French Belier GBC, while the engine is based on the Czech taitula.
Vision combat is where LT665 shows its strengths. One of the goals of the LT665 in its early research and development was to replace the increasingly outdated crawler artillery tractors. It also has strong off-road capabilities, and at the same time has the speed and convenience of wheeled vehicles, as well as excellent off-road capabilities. In the old photo, there is a scene where the truck pulls the cannon through the Friendship Pass after the triumph of the Vietnam War. The truck in the camera is the LT665.
However, the quality of LT665 was not very good. After the Vietnam War, it gradually withdrew from the stage of history. However, a small number of LT665s that have withdrawn from military origins have entered the civilian field.
Yellow River, a representative brand of domestic heavy trucks back then, naturally cannot miss the ranks of military vehicles. The four-axle Yellow River JN252 usually gives people a strong feeling. It is usually a carrier of various missiles. In addition, it can also be modified with various special purpose vehicles, such as tankers, bridge vans, etc.
JN252 is stronger than the previous ones. It is borrowed from Taitula 813. The most highlight is that it uses a fully independent suspension. Perhaps because it is borrowed from Taitula, the front wheel has the "inner eight characters" characteristics similar to Taitula.
Due to limited space, we only talked about some of the more special military vehicles in history. In fact, we are common models such as Dongfeng EQ140 and Jiefang CA141. I believe everyone is familiar with them. If we have the opportunity, we will taste our military vehicles carefully.
This article is original by the Shanghai Automobile Museum. The pictures are from the Internet and may not be cited and reproduced without permission.
