1. Establish
British Prime Minister, full name is Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (PM), abbreviated as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
The establishment of the British Prime Minister can be traced back to 1714, when 54-year-old George I succeeded to the throne.
George I was the first king of the royal family of Hanover , because he was a German, his native language was German , he basically didn't understand English, he didn't understand Britain, and he didn't want to understand Britain...
After he became the king of the UK, the cabinet could only use Latin or French for meetings, which was particularly troublesome for both sides.
The location of the British Prime Minister's Office: No. 10 Downing Street
Later, in order to avoid the embarrassing situation during the meeting, George I appointed Whig Party leader Robert Walpole as the cabinet leader - the "Chief Secretary of the Finance", and he will attend the cabinet meeting on his behalf.
So since the reign of George I, the British monarch did not attend cabinet meetings. The meeting originally chaired by the king was changed to the confidant ministers appointed by the king, which also became the beginning of the British Prime Minister system.
It was not until 1783 that the status and name of the Prime Minister were officially determined during the British Pete Cabinet.
1878, when the then British Prime Minister Disrari signed the Treaty of Berlin, the name of the British Prime Minister was first seen in the official document.
2. The longest-serving prime minister
Picture note: Robert Walpole
Whig leader Robert Walpole (August 26, 1676 - March 18, 1745) was recognized as the first prime minister in British history (although there was no word Prime Minister at that time), but because of his strong influence on British politics, he became the helm of Britain at that time and was called the first prime minister of Britain at that time.
, and Robert Waopol is also the longest-term 78 prime ministers since the British Prime Minister.
Walpol was born into a noble family. His father was a member of the Whig Party and a cavalry colonel; Walpol went to Eton College since he was a child, and later went to Cambridge. After graduation, he was a local councillor.
1705, Walpole was commissioned to serve in the Council of Ministers of the Navy to manage naval affairs. In 1708, he became Minister of the Army;
In the war of succession to the throne in Spain, the British commander Duke Marboro, John Churchill, was very optimistic about him, and he also became an important advisor to the commander of the British army.
Picture Note: After George I succeeded to the throne, Walpole, a member of the Whig Party, was appointed as the advisor of the Privy Council in 1714, and was appointed to the cabinet as the chief military chief;
11721, he was further appointed as the First Minister of Finance, the Secretary of the Finance, and the Leader of the House of Commons. It is generally believed that Walpole started his prime ministerial career;
1742, Walpole, who had served George I and George II for twenty years, finally ushered in his Waterloo. He was voted for distrust by the majority in a dispute over whether the by-election of the parliamentarians was subject to illegal manipulation, so Walpole decided to resign from the government.
On February 6, 1742, George II promoted him to Earl of Orford to compensate him and gave him an annuity of 4,000 pounds, becoming a member of the MP of the upper house. Five days later, Walpole handed over the seal letter and officially resigned.
and Walpole's resignation has also become a precedent for the British Prime Minister: whenever the cabinet loses the support of the House of Commons, this cabinet and its prime minister must resign.
Picture Note: Eton School
III. Interesting news about the British Prime Minister
Most of the British Prime Ministers are from aristocratic origins, and 1/3 of the Prime Ministers graduated from Eton School in high school (more than 20 Prime Ministers graduated from here).
and Oxford University (24 Prime Ministers) and Cambridge University (15 Prime Ministers) combined to train more than three quarters of the Prime Minister for the United Kingdom.
Among the 78 British Prime Ministers, only 6 have not received a university education. Among them:
Duke Wellington, who defeated Napoleon in the Waterloo War, was the 21st Prime Minister in the UK.
But after graduating from Eton, he went to the Military Academy of Pinelro, France to study military, but the two-year courses of this military academy are mostly dancing and horse riding, and the purpose of education is to cultivate students how to become a standard gentleman.
After graduation, he began to join the army. He participated in 60 battles in his life. He served as the commander-in-chief of the British Army twice. He defeated Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo . He is the only one who won the rank of marshal of the Eight Kingdoms in world history.
Another famous prime minister, British Prime Minister Churchill during World War II also did not receive a university education. He was a poor student in middle school when he was Harrow School . After graduation, his family had to spend money to let him go to Sanhurst Royal Military Academy to get a diploma. After graduation, Churchill became a military reporter and wrote articles in Cuba , India and other places. During the Boer War Churchill also served as a military reporter, but was captured by the Boer people.
Later Churchill successfully escaped from prison and gained great fame in the UK, which was able to enter the political arena.
4. British female prime minister
There are only three female prime ministers in history, namely Iron Lady Mrs. Thatcher, Theresa May, and Trace Elizabeth.
Among them, Mrs. Thatcher served as prime minister from 1979 to 1990, and her term lasted 11 years and 209 days, and she is considered a famous British Prime Minister;
Theresa May served as prime minister after Brexit, but after 3 years and 11 days, Theresa May admitted that she was improperly dealing with the Brexit issue and gave up the position of British Prime Minister to Johnson .
The third female prime minister is Trace Elizabeth. She resigned in just 45 days since she became Prime Minister on September 6, 2022, and is the shortest term Prime Minister in British history.
