A small misunderstanding of communication almost led to the second flight KAL007 crash
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0September 11, 2001 Local time at 9:39 local time, over the Bering Strait, an Boeing 747-400 passenger plane belonging to Korean Airlines (registration number HL7404, delivered to Korean Airlines in 1998 at 9:39 local time. ml4, 3 years old, and it is still a new aircraft) is flying in an autonomous driving manner at a 35,000-foot cruise altitude. The aircraft is flying flight KE85 from Seoul 3 Incheon International Airport, South Korea, which was parked at the Anchorage Ted Stevens International Airport to John Fitzgerald Kennedy International Airport. There were 2 crew members, 13 crew members and 200 passengers on board. The crew situation was unknown (someone is welcome to add it).
Korean Air HL7404 Boeing 747-400 passenger plane, shot: MINDOW
9:40, a notice from New York broke the calm of the cockpit, the Gemini Building and Pentagon were hit by three passenger planes (8:46:40 am in the Eastern Time Zone of North America American Airlines flight AA11 crashed Enter the North Building of the World Trade Center, at 9:03:11 am United Airlines flight UA175 crashed into the South Building of the World Trade Center, at 9:37 am American Airlines flight AA77 crashed into the Pentagon), and at the same time, all international flights to the United States that day were required to return to the departure airport immediately. If there was insufficient fuel, they would be ready to land at Canada or Mexico airports (all domestic flights in the United States must be ready to land at the nearest airport immediately, otherwise they would be "helped" to land with fighters). For flight KE85, if they do not turn back to Seoul, they should be ready to land in Canada.
KA Air HL7404 Boeing 747-400 passenger plane drawn by the factory director
The two crew members of the KE85 flight were shocked and incredible (who has the courage to attack his "Hawkshang Father"). After discussion, they decided to contact the Korean Air Headquarters Control Center at 11:05 ET to inform the Korean Air Headquarters Control Center about what happened in New York and asked where it landed. However, for some reason, the crew sent a code message with the letter "HJK" in the discussion with the Korean Air Control Center. "HJK" was used as the abbreviation of "hijakced" (hijacking) in the aviation communication. Perhaps it was the discussion that a hijacking occurred in the terrorist attack in New York. But the technician of the Aviation Radiocommunication Company, responsible for providing radiocommunication services for remote communication between airlines and crews, discovered the HJK code in the text message. ARINC suspected that the KE85 flight might have been hijacked and issued a help code, so he did not dare to neglect it and immediately notified of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and North American Air Defense Command (NORAD).
The North American Air Defense Command, which received the news, was very nervous. They had previously failed to stop the impact of American Airlines flight AA11, United Airlines UA175 and American Airlines AA77 due to unknown information (as for United Airlines flight UA93, which crashed in the White House without the failure to hit the White House, it would have been under pressure and criticism from all parties if it were not for the desperate resistance of passengers and flight attendants on board. Therefore, after receiving the report, then North American Air Defense Commander Lieutenant General Norton Schwartz immediately ordered the Elmendorf Air Force Base in Anchorage, Alaska to send two F-15C "Eagle" fighters to intercept FE85 flights.
Norton Schwartz, at this time he was already an Admiral
000 ET. Flight KE85, which decided to continue flying into North American airspace, entered the control scope of the Federal Aviation Administration Anchorage Control Center. The Anchorage Control Center, who received the situation, tried to contact the KE85 crew and asked what was going on.
Anchorage: "Anchorage District Manager calls Korean Air 85."
KE85 crew: "Korean Air 85 received it, please tell me."
Next, the Anchorage District Manager asked the Korean Air KE85 crew in code form several questions. These code questions can be asked if the crew is hijacked when it is hijacked: whether the aircraft has been hijacked.The
KE85 unit is confused about this. Why do you need to send a code? Can't you speak well? However, out of the habit of Koreans, they did not question the obedience of "American Oppa" or "American Father" but obediently had questions and answers, but they did not reveal whether the plane was hijacked (not saying it was hijacked, nor did they say it was not hijacked).
, the Anchorage District Management Center, which cannot be found in the bottom system, used its ultimate move. At 13:24, they asked the KE85 flight crew to change the transponder to a universal code representing the hijacked "7500". The district management center thought so. If the aircraft was not hijacked, the crew would definitely refuse to execute it in the face of such a "absurd" request. Stop it - they forgot that end was Korean Air, and they never expected that the crew of Flight KE85 would do it!
This is a big deal! Now all signs indicate that Korean Air flight KE85 has been hijacked and is flying towards Alaska, threatening! A big threat! Take action quickly!
At the time Alaska Governor Tony Knowles, fearing that terrorists might use the robbed KE85 flight to hit Alaska targets, ordered all the large hotels, schools and government buildings in Anchorage to evacuate. At the same time, in the Port of Valdez near Anchorage, the U.S. Coast Guard ordered all tankers carrying oil to go to sea to avoid becoming targets of impact. Meanwhile, North American air defense commander Norton Schwartz, who had ordered the F-15C fighter to take off and intercept Flight KE85, directly ordered the fighter pilot to be prepared to shoot down the KE85 flight before it attacks any possible target in Alaska.
F-15 fighter
Not long after, the F-15 dual-plane formation reported that they had arrived at the Boeing 747-400 passenger plane of Korean Air Flight KE85 and began tracking. At the same time, North American Air Defense Command notified the Anchorage District Management Center: If this aircraft (referring to Flight KE85) approaches any potential target, it will be shot down.
After receiving the shooting down notice from North American Air Defense Command, then-Canadian Prime Minister Jean Kretien recalled in an interview in 2001: "I said, 'Yes, if you think they are terrorists, call me again, but you must make plans to shoot them down.' So I authorized in principle, but it's a bit scary... (because) the plane carries hundreds of people, but you have to make that decision... but you have to do it well Enough mental preparation. I thought about it - you should know that sometimes you have to make decisions that will make you spend the rest of your life in uneasiness."
Computer simulation: Flight Korean Air KE85 to Canada's ready for landing under fighter jets, production: The FlightChann
After getting the notice, the Anchorage District Management Center guided the KE85 flight carefully avoided the densely populated areas of Alaska, and flew to Whitehorse International Airport in Yukon, Canada under the left and right of two F-15 fighters. At first, the crew of Flight KE85 was not willing to fly to Whitehorse, but finally compromised and agreed to change the route to Whitehorse after the insistence of the Anchorage District Management Center and the "persuasion" of the missiles mounted under the F-15 fighter wings near the passenger plane. After all, they don't want to learn from their seniors, KAL007, and then ate two missiles and collapsed into the Pacific Ocean. That's not fun at all (for details, please see our factory manager
Whitehorse International Airport tarmac. The background looks desolate
Finally, after 90 minutes of sending the 7500 code, Korean Air KE85 landed at 14:54 ET on the runway of Whitehorse International Airport in Yukon, Canada. All on board 215 people were safe and sound.
Computer simulation: The final safe landing of Flight KE85 at Whitehorse International Airport, production: The FlightChannel
But the matter is not finished yet, because the KE85 flight at this time is still regarded as a dangerous flight hostage, so after the KE85 landed, the Whitehorse Airport tower guided the KE85 flight to a very remote apron park.As soon as the plane stopped, a gangway was leaning on the front of the port side of the plane. At the same time, the fully armed RCMP rushed forward and surrounded the plane, surrounding it. A police officer held up a tweeter and shouted to the crew of Flight KE85: "We need to negotiate immediately, please send someone as representative!"
Soon, the port-side cabin door of the passenger plane opened, and the co-pilot of Flight KE85 appeared in front of the door. Seeing the scene of a group of gun-carrying police officers in front of him, he was immediately scared and immediately raised his hands to show that he was not at all dangerous (a local resident who was present who witnessed the whole process recalled: " As someone approached him, he had to take off a few clothes and waved in the air with his white shirt and shouted 'Don't shoot'"), two RCMP officers immediately stepped forward and "escorted" him off the plane (the co-pilot left for two hours, and before he explained to the RCMP that they had not been hijacked and finally lifted the alarm, the remaining 214 people on flight KE85 were so dull that they waited in the cabin for two hours before they were allowed to get off the plane in batches).
KA Air HL7404 Boeing 747-400 passenger plane drawn by the factory director1
KA Air HL7404 Boeing 747-400 passenger plane drawn by the factory director2
KA Air HL7404 Boeing 747-400 passenger plane drawn by the factory director3
On the apron, the fully armed Royal Canadian Mounted Police officer learned after interrogating the co-pilot who had been holding a white shirt that this series of tense events originated from translation errors. The co-pilot claimed that the crew of Flight KE85 was ordered by the air controller of the Anchorage District Management Center to adjust the answering machine code, and the air controller involved also confirmed that he had indeed issued this order. In addition, a Boeing 747 cargo plane from South Korea was also guided to Whitehorse International Airport for a stop on that day. After all the personnel on South Korean planes left (go to the immigration office to identify their identities), the Royal Canadian Mounted Police conducted a thorough inspection of the two South Korean Boeing 747 aircraft and finally confirmed that there were no dangerous items on the two planes, which could eliminate the threat. Finally, in the early morning of September 12, the RCMP officially announced at a press conference that Korean Air's KE85 flight had never been hijacked.
Anchorage District Management Center admitted that it did order to adjust the transponder code, but insisted that the purpose of doing so was to test whether the KE85 flight was hijacked. It was because the Korean crew mechanically executed their instructions, which led to their mistakenly thinking that the KE85 flight was hijacked, which led to a series of subsequent events. The passengers on flight
KE85 were leaving the plane in batches. The Royal Mounted Police guarded under the boarding gangway to check
KAA said that it was because the third-party information operators misunderstood the call message between the crew and the Korean Air headquarters. They were discussing where to make a landing after the US airspace was closed. The KE85 crew used the "HJK" code to indicate that a hijacking terrorist attack occurred in New York (the original text was a question that a KE85 crew asked the Korean Air headquarters. Since the code communication could not be questioned, it was mistaken for the people of the intermediate operators to think it was a positive hijacking signal). But why is the internationally common hijacking code "HJK" used as part of the discussion content in the conversation? Korean Air did not give a reasonable explanation at all. Similarly, the Anchorage District Management Center also refused to explain why it was asked to adjust the transponder to determine whether the aircraft was hijacked. The KE85 crew also said in an interview with the Anchorage Daily: They were completely unaware of the reason why the Anchorage District Management Center asked them to do this (referring to changing the response code). They just did it and did not ask "why".
"Our captain acted as directed by them (referring to the Anchorage District Management Center). They even told the captain to change the answering machine code to a hijacking code of 7500. Our captain realized how serious the matter was, and we just acted as directed."
KA Air HL7404 Boeing 747-400 passenger plane drawn by the factory director 4
KA Air HL7404 Boeing 747-400 passenger plane drawn by the factory director 5
Only Whitehorse Airport, a spokeswoman simply announced: "There is a communication problem on the plane, so no matter where (the crew) flies, it cannot communicate normally with the tower and respond correctly. "
Finally, the incident was characterized as: "The communication chaos between the air traffic controller and the crew on the plane. "
Afterwards, the HL7404 aircraft continued to operate in the Korean Air fleet until it was withdrawn in July 2016.
As of December 2014, Korean Air still used the KE85/86 pair on Seoul-New York flights, but it no longer stopped in Anchorage, and the model was also changed to Airbus A380.
United States 2001.9 .11 terrorist attacks, please see the following article of our factory manager:
Are you ready? Everyone! Review the tragic United Airlines UA93 flight
Korean Air KE85 flight hijacking false alarm event timeline
September 11, 2001
Korean Air KE85 flight departed from Incheon International Airport.
8:46:40 am (the following are calculated according to the Eastern North American time zone), American Airlines AA11 crashed into the North Building of World Trade Center
9:03:11 am 11 am United Airlines flight UA175 crashed into the south building of the World Trade Center
at 9:37 am, American Airlines flight AA77 crashed into the Pentagon
at 9:59:04 am, World Trade Center South Building collapsed
at 10:03:11 am, United Airlines flight UA93 crashed in Pennsylvania after being hijacked
at 10:10 am, the exterior wall of the Pentagon collapsed under the impact of Flight AA77
at 10:28 am, World Trade Center North Building collapsed
1
at 11:08 am, Korean Air KE85 used the "HJK" hijacking code when sending information to the control center
at 12:00 noon, Aviation Radio Communications Company officials notified North American Air Defense Command of the hijacking code for Korean Air KE85
at 1:00 pm, F-15 fighter jets were lifted off from Elmendorf Air Force Base, preparing to intercept Korean Air KE85 flight
at 1:24 pm, Korean Air KE85 flight adjusted the transponder to 7500 hijacking code
From 1:45 pm to 2:45 pm, Alaska Governor Tony Knowles ordered the evacuation of potential targets
At 2:54 pm, Korean Air KE85 flight landed safely, confirming that it was not hijacked, performance data of aircraft No. 7HL7404
Model: Boeing 747-400
Designer: Boeing Aircraft Company
Crew: 2 crew + 416 crew (typical)
Length: 70.67 meters
Wingspan: 64.44 meters
Height: 19.41 meters
Empty weight: 180755 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 385555 kg
Engine: Four General Electric CF6-80C2 turbofan engines, single thrust 273.6 kiloN
Economic cruise flight speed: 907 kilometers per hour
Maximum load range: 13444 kilometers
