The newly built Yangzhou Sanwan Park has become another beautiful city business card in Yangzhou and the core of the southern part of the city. Why is it called "Three Bays" here? Are there three bays or three bays here? How did it form?
Today, the reporter interviewed Xu Bingshun, a famous water conservancy expert in our city, and solved the mystery of the Three Bays.
It is understood that from the maps of the Ming, Qing and Republic of China, it can be seen that there are actually only two bays in Yangzhou, namely Xinhewan and Baota Bay. The so-called "Sanwanzi" theory is just a word of mouth among the people and a custom, and there is no record in historical books, but it actually refers to Baota Bay. Baota Bay is under today's Wenfeng Pagoda , while Xinhewan is located at today's Sanwan Park.
The name of Baota Bay began in the late Ming and early Qing
Xu Bingshun told reporters: "Reading History's Records" in the early Qing dynasty says: In the 25th year of Wanli (1592), the Erliqiao River in the south gate of Yangzhou was directly leaking, which was a salt water pit. The salt envoy Yang Guangxun issued an edict to open the Erli Bridge , the mouth of the river , and turned west to the east, and entered the old river from Yaojiagou, which was called Baodai New River. It is also said: Dongshengang (now known as Shiqiao Branch Port), both are defense areas on the east side. It is more than fifty miles east of Baota Bay, which is a source of salt thieves (the same is true for "Cheng Caojiang Cheng".). The name of Baota Bay is the first to be seen in this book, and it also shows that Baota Bay is a place where salt thieves gather. It can be seen that the name of Xinhewan has not yet appeared at this time.
The book "Tongtianle" in the early Qing Dynasty says: The river embankment and roads in the area between Chaoguan and Nanmen Baota Bay are all over the place. There are rain and snow in the sky, which often hurts many pedestrians. This also proves that the name of Baota Bay was established in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.
Around the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1790), in order to strengthen the management of canal transportation, people were ordered to use traditional landscape painting techniques to paint the complete picture of the Grand Canal, namely the "Nine Provinces Canal Source Water Conservancy Map". The picture shows Baota Bay, but there is no New River Bay. Even in the late Qianlong Dynasty, the name of Xinhewan had not yet appeared.
Daoguang The "Haiguo Tuzhi" in the late years said: "...If you break into the country, you will not go to Yangzhou in the north, you will not go to Jiangning . Jiangning . Yangzhou Baota Bay is twisted and turns, and it is most convenient to lie on the fireboat and cut off the road. However, the canal is shallow and narrow, and the large ships of Yi cannot enter. The ones who enter are only hot wheels, four or five boats, six or seven hundred Yi soldiers, and even if you are in the ashes, you cannot create great trouble..." It means that the name Baota Bay has been used for a long time.
Xu Bingshun specifically reminds: There are two places called Baota Bay in Yangzhou, the other is what is said in "Yangzhou Huafanglu" "Sanfan River is fifteen miles southwest of Jiangdu County (now Yangzhou). The water of the Yangzhou Canal is divided into two branches... The pagoda is built and the temple is called Gaomin Temple . The place is also called Baota Bay. It is called it by the Tianzhong Pagoda in the temple." But this Baota Bay is not Wenfeng Temple Baota Bay.
The name of Xinhewan comes from the Daoguang period
The "Yangzhou Waterway Record" was published during the Daoguang period. The record says: "History of Ming Dynasty·Hequ Records": "In April of the 25th year of Wanli (1597), Jiangdu (referring to the current Yangzhou) canal, the water flowed straight down, making it a salt and canal. Yan Jingshi Yang Guangxun asked the commander of Yangzhou magistrate Guo Guangfu to open it from the mouth of Erliqiao River, enter the west and turn east, and go from Yaojiagou to enter the old river, which is called Baodian New River. This is the new river beside the southern canal of Yangzhou City ." In Jiaqing's "Repair of Yangzhou Prefecture" there is only the word "Xinhe" and there is no "Xinhewan"; during the Daoguang period, Liu Wenqi said, "This is the newhewan in the canal in the south of Yangzhou City", which shows that the name of Xinhewan began during the Daoguang period. At this point, Yangzhou city south began to have the names of Baota Bay and Xinhe Bay.
During the Republic of China, Yangzhou was still two bays-Baota Bay and Xinhe Bay, without Sanwanzi.
In the early years of the Republic of China, there was a "Middle Canal Map", which recorded the evolution of various river sections along the transportation and the place names. From the picture, we can see that from Jiangdu (now Yangzhou) to Guazhou, there are only Baota Bay and Xinhewan (see "The Canal Map from the Republic of China to Guazhou").
Sanwanzi is today Baota Bay
The three bays in the south of the city that are circulated in Yangzhou today are Xinhewan, Baota Bay and Sanwanzi. The above explains the origin of Xinhewan and Baotawan, so where is the "Sanwanzi"?
Xu Bingshun said: It is actually Baota Bay.The 1998 "Beijing-Hangzhou Canal Chronicle" (Northern Jiangsu section) records that the Wenfeng Pagoda stands on the south bank of the ancient canal in , in the southwest corner of Yangzhou City, commonly known as Sanwanzi. In the tenth year of Wanli (1582), Wenfeng Pagoda was completed, and Sanwanzi of the canal was also converted into Baota Bay. As you can see here, the name of Sanwanzi is only seen in books, but it has only happened in the past 20 years. Before this, the name of Sanwanzi was never seen in the local chronicles of Yangzhou.
The above classics show that there are only two bays in the south of Yangzhou City, and there is no saying that there are three bays in one.
Yangzhou Release Reporter Jiang Tao
