At the end of April 11950, the 18th Army advanced troops arrived in Ganzi.
However, the advance troops did not continue to move forward after arriving in Ganzi. The People's Liberation Army delayed its entry into Tibet for peace.
Picture: The 18th Army advance troops arrived in Ganzi
But at this time, the Kashag led by the Regent Dazha had other plans.
After receiving the news that the People's Liberation Army arrived in Ganzi, Kashag began to increase troops to Chaindu . The total armed forces in Tibet have surged to more than 17,000, of which two-thirds of the troops are deployed on the front lines of Chamdo and Jinshajiang . At the instigation of imperialist aggression forces, Kashag refused to conduct peaceful negotiations with the Central People's Government and attempted to prevent the PLA from entering Tibet with the natural barrier of the Jinsha River.
Kashag's attitude forced the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to consider taking military actions to "promote peace through war." Late at night, in the 18th Army's 18th Army's war room, the staff handed a telegram from the Southwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to the commander Zhang Guohua.
This telegram written by Chairman Mao Zedong is now treasured in Central Archives . From this telegram, it can be clearly read that Chairman Mao Zedong attaches importance to the liberation of Chamdo: "Occupy of Chamdo in October is beneficial to fighting for political changes in Tibet and march to Lhasa next year." At the same time, he also emphasized: "If our army can occupy Chamdo in October, it may prompt the Tibetan delegation to come to Beijing to negotiate and seek a peaceful solution."
Just as the 18th Army was preparing to "promote talks through war", the new Chaodu General Manager Apei Awang Jinmei also issued an order: disbanded the Tibetan local militia .
However, among the Tibetan local governments, there are only a few who hope to negotiate peace, just like Apai. Faced with this situation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made up its mind to implement the Chamdo Battle , "using war to promote talks and fighting to promote peace."
01
11950, Zhang Guohua commanded the troops entering Tibet to launch the Chamdo Battle.
On October 7, 1950, the commander of the 52nd Division, Wu Zhong 7, personally led his troops to cross the border. During the day, local armed personnel in Tibet blocked the river from a high point with their terrain advantages. Wu Zhong instructed the troops to cross the river while the night was dark.
Tibet local armed forces did not expect the People's Liberation Army to cross the river at night. After several gunshots, the Gangtuo was liberated.
The 52nd Division advances rapidly on the northern front, and the main force of the 53rd Division on the southern front also successfully passed through the Batang County Jubalong Ferry and came to Ningjing Sect.
htmlOn October 11, in the temporary division headquarters of the 53rd Division, several special "guests" appeared in front of Miao Piyi, deputy political commissar of the 53rd Division.These "guests" were wearing local armed uniforms in Tibet and were representatives of Ning Jingzong's defenders.
What happened to them?
Miao Biansheng
The daughter of Miao Piyi, deputy political commissar of the 53rd Division of the 18th Army:
marched into Tibet, and the local armed forces in Tibet have defense lines at all levels. After arriving at the Jinsha River, the main force of the 53rd Division and our front-line troops face the ninth generation.
The Tibetan local armed group is equivalent to the regiment. The ninth generation had nearly 500 people, but there were only 212 soldiers, and the number of families was more than that of soldiers. Young and middle-aged people in their twenties or thirties account for only one-third of the soldiers. When they go out, they can also see the strange scene of three generations of grandparents and grandchildren joining the battle.
At this time, how will the ninth generation choose?
Before the launch of the Battle of Chamdo, the ninth generation Benge Sang Wangdui received propaganda materials issued by the advance troops of the 18th Army, which made him already have some understanding of the policies of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. So, on the morning of October 11, 1950, the Ninth Generation selected capable entourage personnel to go to the People's Liberation Army to negotiate peace.
Miao Biansheng
The daughter of Miao Piyi, deputy political commissar of the 53rd Division of the 18th Army:
Advance team and the 53rd Division have done a lot of work, and have communicated with them many times and negotiated with them, pointing out that you will only end up with your own destruction in the end. They also raised many such questions, how our people are treated, how our families are placed, and where our children can study.
After careful work by deputy political commissar Miao Piyi and other leaders, on October 12, the ninth generation of local armed forces in Tibet resolutely announced an uprising, and weapons, equipment and personnel were included in the battle sequence of the People's Liberation Army.
The ninth generation became the first Tibetan local armed forces of to . In the future, this Tibetan army played an important role.
02
1950 late at night on October 12, 2019, the 18th Army Front Command was still brightly lit. Zhang Guohua ordered, "Send a telegram to the 154th Regiment of the 52nd Division and ask where they are!" Lu Jibing
Son of Xia Chuan, the Propaganda Minister of the 18th Army:
The 154th Regiment of the 52nd Division interspersed from Yushu in Qinghai to Leiwuqi in Tibet, and to block the Tibet local armed forces from Chamdo to Langsa , Tibet.
In order to cut off the way for local armed forces in Tibet to return to Tibet, the 154th Regiment of the 52nd Division and the Qinghai Cavalry Detachment carried out a thousand-mile roundabout mission. Yin Fatang, the then deputy political commissar of the 52nd Division, and Li Ming, chief of staff of the division, led this army to carry out a thousand-mile detour mission.
Wang Gui
At that time, he was the reconnaissance staff of the 18th Army's advance team of Tibet:
The heavy snow is very dazzling, and when the sun shines, it is dazzling. The sun thrusts the eyes and gets snow blindness.
Snow blindness makes many soldiers unable to open their eyes, but the time of encirclement cannot be changed. So, the soldiers thought of many ways to fight snow blindness. Some soldiers tore off a military uniform and blindfolded their eyes; some soldiers dyed the gauze in the emergency bag blue with blue ink and covered their eyes; some soldiers cut a pinch of ponytails and covered their eyes with horse's hair, and the soldiers supported each other and walked forward.
In the morning of October 16, the 154th Regiment of the 52nd Division and the Qinghai Cavalry Detachment finally arrived at the Jiasangka Bridge north of Wuqi in . On the 17th, part of the Qinghai Cavalry Detachment arrived and captured Lewuqi.
htmlIn the early morning of October 18, the commander of the 18th Army, Zhang Guohua, kept raising his hand to look at the time, and the staff officer sent the telegram he had just received. The telegram said, "The hole was blocked." Only then did Zhang Guohua feel relieved. htmlOn October 24, the battles were all over and Chamdo was liberated.The Battle of Chamdo successfully achieved the intended purpose of the campaign and completed the first step of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to "promote talks through war". So can the local government in Tibet choose peace talks? What role will Apai, who has always advocated peace, play in negotiations?
▌Source: cctv National Memory
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