Wulli
1979 Before the Vietnamese self-defense counterattack war started, the Vietnamese army generally adopted the guerrilla warfare -style defense deployment on the front line of the Sino-Vietnam border. They believed that this layout would be more conducive to the geographical advantages of the Vietnamese region and the so-called people's war experience of "everyone is a soldier". At the same time, the intelligence obtained through relevant channels, as well as the analysis and judgment of Vietnam's senior management, believed that China was under the tremendous pressure from the Soviet troops in the north, even if it started a war with Vietnam, it would be loud and the raindrops were small, so it would only send very limited troops to carry out a limited "blitzkrieg" operation on the front line of the border. They even once evaluated that the worst case was that after the Chinese army on the front line of Yunnan, , which was good at guerrilla warfare, had a large amount of consumption, and had two or three regiments of that could penetrate about 20 to 30 kilometers in Vietnam. At this time, they moved out their field divisions to clean up the situation, and victory was almost certain.
Therefore, Mei Ronglan, commander of the 345th Division of the Vietnamese Army stationed in Gantang, an important economic center in northern Vietnam, once arrogantly claimed that the Chinese army faced the impregnable fortifications and carefully arranged layers of defense lines of defense. After consumption along the way, at most one or two regiments of troops could reach Gantang. So there is no need to make a fuss.
Indeed, the main threat China was from the Soviet Union in the north. Therefore, at that time, the military regions such as Shenyang, Beijing, Lanzhou, and Urumqi concentrated their main elite troops and were ready to deal with threats from the north at any time. On the Vietnam battlefield, the scale of the troops our army can invest is not particularly large.
According to the above intelligence analysis, most of the deployment of Wuli on the front line of the border are civilian troops, public security stations, and local troops. His combat concept is: based on the forces in his hands, he will adopt local troops, public security and civilian army to resist step by step on the front line of the border, and gradually consume the Chinese army. In addition to defending key targets, the main infantry division in his hands is more about implementing mobile combat, and exchanges space for time to deal with the Chinese army.
At that time, two field divisions in other jurisdictions, the 345th Division focused on defending Laojie and Gantang. The 316A Division, known as one of the ace divisions of the Vietnam Army, was mainly deployed in the Fengtu area and was on standby to attack at any time.
Vietnamese military information photo
Wuli knows that Gantang Phosphate Mine is an important large state-owned enterprise in North Vietnam and exports and foreign exchange, and is directly related to Vietnam's economic lifeline. Moreover, Gantang is not only an industrial center in northern Vietnam, but also the starting point of the Western Railway from Vietnam to Hanoi. It guards the Honghe water transportation channel, and is also a military stronghold from Huanglianshan Province to Hanoi. Its strategic position is very important. In addition, Li Duan has already spoken in person to ensure that Gantang does not lose an inch of land. Therefore, Wuli did not dare to take Gantang's defense lightly at all. Therefore, in addition to mobilizing the 345th Division of the Vietnamese Army to focus on defense, he also assigned more than 10,000 local armed forces to work with the 345th Division to guard Gantang and its phosphate mine security, and was ready to use his fist force to reinforce Gantang at any time.
Before the war, Wu Li also personally listened to the report of Mei Ronglan, the commander of the 345th Division, on the defense layout of Gantang and its phosphate mines. Mei Ronglan also vowed to assure her boss Wu Li that Gantang and its phosphate mine would be foolproof.
Little did they know that the Gantang Battle had just over an hour ago, and the 37th and 38th Divisions of our 13th Army broke through the defense line of Gantang city in the Vietnamese army, crushing towards the core area of Gantang like whistling waves. Mei Ronglan was wailing like an ant on a hot pan, calling for help from the military region, but it was too late. Although the 345th Division of the Vietnamese Army and its local armed forces have stubborn resistance through layers of defense, they are ultimately unable to defeat the fierce attack of our powerful artillery group of the 13th Army and the overwhelming attack of our 37th and 38th Divisions. Our 13th Army troops became more and more braver. After fierce fighting day and night, they soon completely occupied Gantang city and phosphate mine. The 316A Division of the Vietnam Army, which was ordered to come to reinforce, was stubbornly blocked by the 39th Division of the 13th Army in the Daina area and could not move forward.The 149th Division of the 50th Army that arrived later rose up to encircle and annihilate the 316A Division in Daina and Fengtu, and directly defeated the ace unit of the Vietnamese army and fled in a glance.
Our army controlled Gantang Bridge
Our 11th Army, 13th Army (including the 149th Division of the 50th Army), 14th Army and Border Defense Forces under the specific command of the deputy commander of Kunming Military Region Zhang Xixiu and Deputy Commander Cha Yusheng (Commander Yang Dezhi made the pre-war deployment after the deployment was made (After Commander Yang Dezhi made the pre-war deployment) , and returned to Beijing for treatment due to illness during the war ( soon broke into Vietnam for more than 40 kilometers in depth, captured two cities, Laojie and Ganlang, as well as five counties, Mengkang, Saba, Basai, Fengtu and Baosheng. They went forward to Guosan, Pulou, Waibohe, Huanglian Pass, and Fengtuo area. Not only did they eliminate a large number of local armed forces in the Vietnamese side, but they also almost wiped out the 345th Division of the Vietnamese army and crippled the 316A Division of the Vietnamese ace unit, thus shattering Wuli's previous strategic and tactical concept.
Zhang Xixiu (left) and Cha Yusheng (right) General
followed the order officially issued by Beijing that "regardless of the results of the battle, our army will not be allowed to fight after conquering the established targets such as Gaoping and Lang Son, and will withdraw immediately." After our army conquered the established targets such as Laojie and Gantang, it took the initiative to stop the attack and gradually began to retreat on March 6. The battle for self-defense counterattack in Yuyue, which lasted nearly one month, came to an end.
After the end of the self-defense fight against Vietnam in 1979, the military conflict between the two sides in the border areas did not end. The main force of the Vietnamese army invading Cambodia began to return to aid. While continuing to provoke the Sino-Vietnam border, they actively planned and prepared to organize millions of troops to echo the Soviet army in the north to carry out a comprehensive counterattack against China.
Wu Li, commander of the Second Military Region of the Vietnam Army, who suffered a great loss from February 17 to March 16, was even more unwilling to accept it. Under his direct command and deployment, the Vietnamese army continued to attack Laoshan and other places. Vietnam sent troops to occupy the key points of the Laoshan cavalry line. During the period when they illegally occupied the Laoshan area, Wuli relied on the complex terrain of Laoshan . built a large number of tunnels, trenches, bunkers, hidden soldiers, and many barbed wire mesh, traps and infantry defense trenches. In the defensive positions of the Vietnamese army, a variety of combat firearms are equipped, forming a dense firepower network that combines direct, curved, long-range, near, side, and reverse attacks. The upper, middle, lower, open and dark firepower are combined. It forms a solid field defense position that can fight, hide, fight independently, and be able to hold on for a long time. Before the Battle of Laoshan , Wu Li also swears: "If the Chinese army attacks Laoshan, I will not be the commander."
During this period, the senior officials of the Vietnamese army continued to transport supplies from the country in accordance with Wu Li's plans and requirements, and mobilized tens of thousands of troops from the 316A Division, 356th Division, 1st Division, 3 Artillery Division, 18th Artillery Brigade, Special Agents, Tank Regiment, , and Engineer Regiment and other units to Wu Li, preparing to fight our army on the front line of the Malipo border.
Laoshan Viewing
Under the instruction of the Li Duan Group, the senior officials of the Vietnamese army were actually preparing to mobilize 1 million armed forces nationwide, attempting to use the Second Military Region led by Wuli as the vanguard, starting from Laoshan, Zheyinshan, Fakashan and other places in Yunnan, tearing open the door to invasion of China and kicking off a full-scale counterattack. Wu Li is at the forefront of a comprehensive confrontation with our army again.
However, after the one-month self-defense fight against Vietnam ended, our army returned to their garrisons to rest and rest. Faced with the challenges that followed by the Vietnamese army, our Yunnan front line had not yet gathered enough troops to deal with it.
At that time, our army defended only more than 30,000 troops on the front line of Yunnan. In order to spread smoke to confuse the other party, our army won time to assemble troops and secretly mobilized hundreds of cars to the front line of Yunnan, sending a large number of telecommunications signals day and night. The Vietnamese army was confused for a moment, unable to understand the true movements of our army and did not dare to act rashly. They could only repeatedly strengthen and strengthen the fortifications they built on the border.
Until early April 1984, our army's participating troops had already assembled, but they were not in a hurry to launch a large-scale attack. Because Laoshan Mountain is steep in the north and slow in the south, it is not conducive to our army's operations on the north side, so we first organized artillery troops to violently bombard the positions of the Vietnamese army. Hundreds of artillery at the forefront poured hundreds of tons of shells into the positions of the Vietnamese army all day long, blowing them up to the darkness and rocks, causing major casualties to the Vietnamese army.
The Vietnamese army thought that the Chinese army was preparing for artillery fire before the attack, so they waited in the fortifications and waited for our army's artillery to finish before launching an attack operation. Little did they know that Kunming Military Region's 14th Army, 11th Army and other departments fired a large number of artillery for more than 20 days, almost destroying all the fortifications on the front line of the Vietnamese army.
Starting from April 28, 1984, our army suddenly launched the battle of Laoshan and Zheyin Mountain. rushed towards the Vietnamese position like a tide, causing the Vietnamese army to throw away their armor and corpses everywhere. Wu Li carefully planned the counterattack plan for many days and was defeated again. Our army recovered Laoshan, Zheyinshan and other places in one fell swoop. After several days of fierce fighting, our army successfully defended the recovered position. At this time, Wu Li and other Vietnamese generals realized that they were misled by the communication signals and artillery fire of the Chinese army, and secretly suffered a "don't lose".
Wu Li, who was defeated again, blamed himself and felt ashamed in front of the chief of the Vietnam Army Li Zhongxun , and expressed his willingness to fulfill his pre-war commitment and resign from his position as commander of the Second Military Region. Li Zhongxun was "magnanimous". Not only did he not blame Wu Li too much, but he said to Wu Li: You just didn't seize the opportunity. If you launch an attack earlier, this might not be the case. Li Zhongxun's words, everyone knows that he is just comforting Wu Li, who has suffered a defeat, so that he can continue to work hard for the Li Duan Group. Because the war is at the moment, it is the time for me to use people, how could I really dismiss Wu Li!
Le Duan (front row first right) Check the combat readiness of the Vietnamese army
After our army recovered Laoshan and Zheyin Mountain, the Vietnamese army not only did not learn from the lessons of failure, but instead opened the curtain of large-scale confrontation between the two armies in the region. The Vietnamese army lost Laoshan and other places that had been in control for 5 years, and was always unwilling to accept it. Since June 1984, it launched a total of more than 60 counterattacks against the Laoshan area, which lasted for several years. Among them, Wu Li and other senior Vietnamese military leaders formulated an "North Light Plan". According to this plan, Wuli organized troops to launch a division-level full-line attack on our Laoshan area on July 12, 1984, in an attempt to recapture Laoshan in one fell swoop.
This battle was extremely fierce, and both sides fought from early morning to night. When cleaning up the battlefield, the Vietnamese army was corpses everywhere. Even on the branches of trees, by ponds, and in the jungle, broken limbs and broken arms can be seen everywhere. The burnt and strong bloody smell of the corpse came to his nose. Our army consumed more than 3,400 tons of artillery shells, and the Vietnamese army had thousands of corpses left at the forefront of our positions alone, with a total casualties of more than 3,700 people. Our artillery fired more than 3,400 tons of shells, and the average loading of shells per soldier reached 13.1 tons. 80% of the casualties of the Vietnamese army were , which was shot by our army's artillery. Due to the heavy casualties of the Vietnamese army, they eventually had to retreat. After this battle, the Vietnamese army never took the initiative in the Laoshan front until China and Vietnam finally headed for peace.
In addition to repeated military unfavorable attacks and repeated defeats in battles, the news of Vietnam's top leaders' comprehensive counterattack was quickly leaked, causing chain reactions from all parties. At that time, China-EU and China-US relations improved significantly, and support for Vietnam was greatly weakened internationally. The Soviet Union, which is regarded as its biggest backer by Vietnam, not only began to turmoil after the death of Brezhnev , but also fell into the quagmire of the Afghan war and was no longer able to pose a practical military threat to China. Vietnam itself was burdened by long-term wars, financial difficulties, people were living in poverty, and eventually a plan to counterattack was still alive.
1986, Ruan Wenling was promoted to . In his early years, Nguyen Vinh Ling went to China many times and won a large amount of selfless aid from China for Vietnam. Therefore, he always believed that China is an important helper for Vietnam's development and treating China as an enemy was a major mistake of the Le Duan Group. After Ruan Wenling came to power, he gradually began to normalize China-Vietnam relations.
Nuen Vinh Ling
In November 1991, Vietnam Dume visited China. The two sides announced the end of the past and open up the future, and the normalization of the relationship.
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