Unit1 Cultural religious knowledge points Detailed explanation of
Ⅰ. You must memorize
1 for regular test words. valuable adj. valuable; valuable
This is one of the most valuable lessons I learned.
This is the most valuable lessons I learned.
This is the most valuable lessons I learned.
2. survive vi. Survived; survived; survived
Of the four people in the car accident, only one survived.
, only one survived.
[Quick Flash]
(1)survive from circulating from...
survive on...survive, survive...survive
(2)survivor n. Survivor; survivor
survival n. Survive; survive
3. amaze vt. surprise; surprise
He amazed everyone by passing his driving test.
He passed the driving test, which surprised everyone.
It is amazing that she should have said nothing about the murder.
[Quick Flash]
(1)amazing adj. Surprising, often used to modify surprising people or objects.
(2)amazed adj.(feel) surprised, often used to modify nouns or pronouns that represent people.
(3)amazement n. Surprise, astonishment
4. selectt vt. Select; choose
Which place in the world would you select as your perfect home?
Where do you choose in the world as your ideal place to settle down?
5. design n. Design; pattern; concept vt. Design; plan; conception
This bike is designed for children.
This bike is designed for children.
[Quick Flash]
(1)by design=on purpose intentionally; intentionally
be designed for sb/sth
be designed to do sth design to do sth
be designed as sth design as sth design as
(2)designer n. Designer
6. belong vi. belongs to; for a member of...
This nice house belongs to Mr.Black.
This good house belongs to Mr.Black.
This good house belongs to Mr.Black.
[Quick Flash]
(1) belong to belong to belong to
(2) belongings n. Property, Items
Note: belong to represents the state, there is no tenses, and it is not used in passive voice. where to is a preposition followed by noun or pronoun object.
7. doubt n. Doubt; doubt vt. Do not believe
I doubt whether/if he will keep his promise to keep the secret for me.
I doubt whether he will keep his promise to keep the secret for me.
I doubt whether he will keep his promise to keep this secret for me.
I doubt whether he will keep his promise.
[Quick Flash]
doubt is used when affirming sentences, followed by whether/if guide clauses; used when negative sentences and question sentences, followed by that guide clauses.
without doubt
beyond doubt
There is no doubt that...
8. worth prep. Worth; equivalent to... value n. Value; Function adj. [Ancient] The valuable
The teacher's advice is well worth considering.
The teacher's advice is worth considering.
[Quick Flash]
be well worth (doing) sth is worth (doing)..
be worth of being done=be worthy to be done...
It is worth while doing sth/to do sth It is worth (doing)...
be worth (doing) sth...
9. apart adv. separate;
The head teacher had to keep the two naughty students apart.
10. sink vi. (sank, sunk; sunk, sunken) sinks; sinks
The ship struck against the rocks and sank.
The ship struck the reef and sank.
The ship sank.
Ⅱ. High-frequency phrases must be
1. in return as a reward; return
I don't expect anything in return.
I don't expect anything in return.
I don't expect any return.
[Quick Flash]
in return for = in reward for as a return to...
2. at war is in a state of war
Those two countries have been at war for a long time.
The two countries have been at war for a long time.
[Quick Flash]
The phrase "at + noun" represents a state, and there is no article before the noun. Similar phrases include:
at peace
at work
at school
at school
at table
at church
at church
3. less than less than
The boy is less than five, but he knows a lot.
This little boy is less than five, but he knows a lot.
[Quick Flash]
no less than
not less than at least…; no less than…
no less…than is the same as…
not less…than is the same as…
4. take apart disassembles
The boy took apart the toy car, but couldn't put it together again.
The boy took apart the toy car, but could not put it together again.
The boy took apart the toy car, but could not assemble it again.
[Quick Flash]
tell...apart Identification...; Identification...
fall apart Crash; Disintegration
keep...apart (make) separate
5. think highly of value; value
Can you really think highly of a person you don't trust?
Can you really highly praise a person you don't trust?
[Quick flash]
think little/poorly/badly/ill of sb/sth Not high about someone/something
sing high praise for... Highly rated/praise
have a high/good opinion of... Highly rated
speak highly of sb/sth Highly rated
6. rather than instead; rather than......
He is lazy rather than stupid.
He is lazy rather than stupid.
It is better to say he is lazy.
Ⅲ. You must learn
1 when writing sentence patterns. Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
Later, Catherine II sent someone to move the Amber House to her summer palace outside St. Petersburg.
2. This was a time when the two countries were at war.
This was during the war between the two countries.
3. There is no doubt thattml2 the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
There is no doubt that the boxes were later loaded on trains to Konisburg, a city by the Baltic Sea.
4. Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?
Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as Amber House or Beijing Old Summer Palace?
5. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.
For example, China is the most populous country in the world, which can be proved.
6. Nor do I think they should give it to any government.
I also think they should not give Amber House to any government.
Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks with short essay grammar, then recite the short essay, and memorize the key words in this unit.
A Brave Maid
A wooden vase from the Ming Dynasty at the __1__(enter) of the reception hall amazed everyone.The artisttml2s __2__(design) it in a rare style and selectted valuable jewels todecorate it.People thought __3__(high) of its fancy colour of honey and the beautifulpaintings on __4__.
The vase used to belong __5__ a former castle.But when the country was at war, the enemy troophs exploded the castle.Debates on __6__ the vase survived went on and on.In order to remove people's doubt, a team of no __7__(little) than 20 people carried out aninformal investigation.The evidences they found showed that a maid took the vaseapart and asked a sailor __8__(sink) it in a local well.She never gave away __9__ secret even under the cruel trial of the enemies who were in search of treasures.
It is worth __10__(give) this brave maid a fortune in return.
answer
1. entrance 2. designed 3. highly 4. it 5. to
6. how 7. less 8. to sink 9. the 10. giving
Unit1 Cultural religious unit exercise
Ⅰ. Single sentence grammar fill in the blanks
1. Programmes, __designed__(design) to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world.
Analysis: Examine the non-predicate verb form of design. The design and its modified programs form a passive relationship, and the action has been completed, so the past participle is used.
2. —What do you think of the book?
—Oh, excellent.It is worth __reading__(read) a second time.
Analysis: Sentence meaning: — What do you think of this book? ——Oh, not bad! Worth seeing it again. be worth doing itself means passive meaning, that is, "worth doing something."
3. You may not understand what they have done, because they belong__to__ a younger generation.
parsing: Sentence meaning: You don’t understand what they do, because they belong to the younger generation. belong to "belong", there is no progress, nor passive voice.
4. —Do you need any help, Lucy?
—Yes.The job is __more__ than I could do myself.
Analysis: Every sentence means: Yes, I can't do this job myself. more than exceed; better.
5. Visitors are often very __amazed__(amaze) to hear about the __amazing__(amaze) love story in Lijiang.
Analysis: Examine the meaning of adjectives. First, use amazed to describe visitors; second, use amazing to describe love story.
6. The boy didn't go home all night, __which__ made his parents worried.
analysis: test the choice of relational words. The meaning of the sentence: The boy did not go home all night, which made his parents very worried. which leads here to non-limiting attributive clauses, referring to the content of the entire preceding main sentence.
7. Some teenagers remain __seated__(seat) at the computer for hours every day, which made their parents worried.
Analysis: Examine non-predicate verbs. Sentence meaning: Some teenagers sit by the computer for several hours every day, which makes their parents very worried. The verb seat means "to make someone sit", which means the state of sitting, and should be used in its past participle form.
8. We pursue happiness, thinking one day we will find it.But __rarely__(rare) will we find it by seeking it.
Analysis: Sentence meaning: We pursue happiness, thinking that one day we will find happiness.However, we can hardly find happiness by blindly pursuing happiness. When the negative adverb is placed at the beginning of the sentence, the sentence should be partially reversed, so fill in rarely.
9. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical, and this special chemical, __in__ turn, affects our brains, making us feel happy.
Analysis: Examine prepositional phrases. Sentence meaning: Vitamin D helps our body form a special chemical, and this chemical in turn affects our brains and makes us happy. in turn accordingly, turn.
10. I never doubted__that__you could succeed in setting a new world record.
Analysis: Examine the object clause connection words. Sentence meaning: I have no doubt that you will definitely create a new world record. From the meaning of the sentence, it can be seen that fills in that only plays a role in connecting, without the meaning of the word. Remember: When doubt is used in negative sentences or question sentences, the connection word must be that. For example: There is no doubt that... "No doubt...".
11. While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything __in__ return.
Analysis: Sentence meaning: During the time he stayed in the village, James selflessly shared everything he had with the villagers, without anything in return. in return in return.
12. As John Lennon once said, life is__what__ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
Analysis: Sentence meaning: As John Lennon once said, when we are running around for life, life is far away from us. ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans is a descriptive clause, and the clause lacks a subject, so the guiding word what is used to represent "thing... is...".
13. We have launched another man-made satellite, __which__ is announced in today's newspaper.
Analysis: This question tests the attribution clause. Sentence meaning: We launched another artificial satellite, which was published by today's newspaper. The sentence before the comma is the main sentence, which is the subject of the sentence after the comma, so the sentence after the comma is a non-restrictive attorney clause. The precursor is the subject in the attributive clause, referring to objects, and using which to guide.
14. Rod loves taking__apart__ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.
Analysis: Sentence meaning: Rod likes to disassemble clocks, but he never can assemble them again. take apart "disassemble, separate".
15. __Whatt__ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
Analysis: This question tests the guiding words of noun clauses. Sentence meaning: What makes this book unique is the author's creative imagination. Analyzing the structure, we can see that ________makes the book so extraordinary is the subject clause. The clause lacks the subject and should be guided by what.
Ⅱ. Complete the sentence
1. Every house in the village __ishml7_decorated_with_flowers__(decorate with flowers) in the Spring Festival.
2. China __belongs_to__(belongshtml) the Third World.
3. __There_ishml7_no_doubt__(no doubt) that he is less honest than his brother.
4. I met __a_former_classmate__(a former classmate) in the supermarket this morning and we both felt amazed.
5. Last Friday, we had __a_heated_debate__(a fierce debate) about whether to do morning exercises or not.
6. Millions __have_ removed/moved__(relocate) to the cities because they could not __survive__(survival) well in rural areas.
7. The chief-editor (Editor) __thinks_highly_of__(Reward) the reporter who works very hard.
8. You __ couldn't_have_boug_me__(It's impossible to buy it for me) a better gift.
9. Don't lose heart.We'll __take_apart__(open) the whole engine to discover the cause of the trouble.
10. The teacher's story stimulated __the_fancy/imigination__(imagination) of the pupils.
Ⅲ. Single sentence error
1. Before they moved into the new house, they bought some new furnitures to equipment it with.
__furnitures→furniture__
2. During the war, much of the property of that family were transferred secretly.
__were→was__
3. Have you got the latest evidence which he was innocent?
__which→that__
4. Tom returned back on time as usual.
__ Remove back__
5. The room can serve a study.
__serve and add as__
6. His work was high thought of by the critics.
__high→highly__
7. Scientists are in search for a cure for this serious disease.
__The first for → of or in is added to their__
8. The bag belongs to me is over there.
__belongs→belonging__
9. How are you going to do with the food left over from the party?
__How→What__
10. There is some doubt that John will come to help us when we are in trouble.
__that→whether or some→no__
Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks for text
①__In__ September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg.This was a time ②__when__ the two countries were ③__at__ war.Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects ④__from__ the Amber Room. However, some of the Nazis ⑤__secretly__(secret) stole the room itself. In less than two days 100,000 pieces ⑥__were_puttml7__(put) inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. There is no doubt ⑦__that__ the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, ⑧__which__ was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.After that, ⑨__what__ happened to the Amber Room remain ⑩__a__ mystery.
Ⅴ. Textbook original sentence
1. It was also a treasure __decorated__ (decorate) with gold and jewels, __which__ took the country's best artists about ten years to make.
Analysis: First, blank tests past participle as an attribution, and the relationship between decorate and treasure is a verb-object, so fill in the past participle list passively; second, blank tests non-restrictive attribution clauses, where the subject is missing in the clause and the aforementioned word is a thing, so fill in which.
2. Although the Amber Room __was_considered__ (consider) one of the __wonders__ (wonder) of the world, it is now missing.
Analysis: First, the empty tests the verb voice and tense, the consider (consider) and the Amber Room are the verb-object relationship, and the past is described, so the passive voice of the general past is used; the second empty tests "one of the ＋ n.(re)".
3. __In__ April 1945 I heard something exploit __at__ midnight.
Analysis: The first empty tests the usage of prepositions, and applies in before the month; the second empty tests fixedly match "at midnight" means "at midnight".
4. __Later__ (late), Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room __moved__ (move) to a palace outside St Petersburg __where__ she spent her summers.
Analysis: First, the empty tests the word shape conversion, later "later"; second, the empty tests the structure of "have + object + object supplement", and the passive relationship between move and object; third, the empty tests the attribution clause, the clause does not lack subject and object, and the predecessor word lists the location.
5. An opinion is __what__ someone believes is true but has not been proved.
Analysis: Check the table clauses. The clause lacks the subject and means "things". Therefore, fill in what.
6. __To__ my surprise the entrance __to__ the mine was closed.
parsing: the first empty test "to one's surprise"; the second empty test "entrance to..." means "the entrance of...".
7. It can be proved __that__ China has more people __than__ any other country in the world.
Analysis: The first empty tests the subject clause, it is the formal subject, that leads the subject clause; the second empty can be filled in than based on more, and the table is compared.
8. So I think that those __who__ find the Amber Room should decide __what__to do with it.
Analysis: The first blank tests the attribution clause, the predecessor refers to the person; the second blank tests the structure of "question word + to do", and fill in what according to the semantic meaning.
Ⅵ. Topic Writing
uses the knowledge learned in this unit to complete the following sentences and connect them into short articles according to logic.
1. As we all know, cultural heritage belongs to all mankind rather than to individuals, and they are worthy of protection.
It's well known that cultural religions__belong_to__human beings__rather_than__ period individuals. They are all well worth__protecting__.
2. Some people try to find them and possess them illegally.
Some people try their best/take great pains to__search_for_them__and take possession of them illegally.
3. Some of these cultural heritages have been destroyed, and only a few survived.
Some of them have been damaged__while_only_a_few_survive__.
4. Each of us should do our best to protect them from destruction.
Every one of us should__make_all_efforts_to_protecttstml7_them_from_being_destroyed__.
5. There is no doubt that it is our responsibility to protect cultural heritage.
__There_ishml7_no_doubt_that__it is our duty to protect cultural religions.
set of formulas: Change sentence 1 to the attribution clause to add appropriate connection words.
Answer:
As is known to all, cultural religions belong to human beings rather than individuals. They are all well worth protecting. However, some people try their best/take great pains to search for them and take possession of them illegally. Some of them have been damaged while only a few survive. Therefore, every one of us should make all efforts to protect them from being destroyed, for there is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural religious religions.
