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Chapter 5 Asia Vietnam
Vietnam noun: Indochina Peninsula Eastern country. The area is 330,000 square kilometers. The population is 97.34 million, and , accounts for 89%. Capital Hanoi . The territory is narrow and narrow in the north and south, and the mountains and plateaus are densely populated. Tropical monsoon climate . The economy is mainly agriculture and produces rice. Red River and Mekong Delta are its economic centers. Important port city Hongji, Haigong, Danang , Ho Chi Minh City .
1, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum building complex
Ho Chi Minh Chairman was born on May 19, 1890 and died on September 2, 1969; UNESCO (UNESCO) said that he "dedicated his life's energy and hard work to the cause of national liberation and the Vietnamese people." In order to commemorate this great man, the government and people of Vietnam built the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, the Presidential Palace, the Ho Chi Minh Residence, the Single Pillar Temple and the Ho Chi Minh Memorial Hall , collectively known as the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum Complex.
Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum is the place where Chairman Ho Chi Minh's body is placed. According to his will, the ashes are buried in the hills of the North), but in order to enable him to "see" the complete unification of Vietnam and facilitate people to miss the great men of history, the Vietnamese government at that time decided to preserve the remains and built the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum; the Presidential Palace is located on the right side of the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, originally the Governor's Office in Indochina. It was built in 1901 and was built by French colonists at that time. The overall use of a typical French construction structure and style. In 1954, the Vietnamese government took over and was mainly used to hold high-level foreign conferences; Ho Chi Minh's residence is where Ho Chi Minh lived and worked during his lifetime. The interior is very simple and simple, and the environment is quiet. Only by walking there can you feel the simple life of Ho Chi Minh; the Single Pillar Temple is located behind the mausoleum and was built in 1049. There are many local legends about its construction; the Ho Chi Minh Memorial Hall is like a lotus, 20 meters high and has three floors in total. It contains the things used by Ho Chi Minh during his lifetime and 2,000 documents to showcase Ho Chi Minh's life and revolutionary cause.
Ho Chi Minh House is located in the Chairman's Mansion, a stone's throw from the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum. The Chairman's House is a French villa built by the Germans. Ho Chi Minh, who lived a very simple life, chose his residence in a simple tall house built of wood next to the villa.
The upper floor of the former residence is Ho Chi Minh's office and bedroom, and the lower floor is the conference room. When Ho Chi Minh was alive, most meetings of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee were held here. On the west side of the house is a corridor, and on the east side there are offices, reception rooms and lounges. Inside there are used wooden tables and wooden chairs, displaying old phones used by the owner, typewriter , and Marxist-Leninistan works that the owner has read. The entire high-footed house is simple, elegant and noble, just like its owner.
2. The single pillar temple
is also known as the Lotus Terrace. It is located in the southwest of Bating Square in Hanoi. It is known as the most vivid temple in Vietnam together with the Perfume Temple.
Single Pillar Temple is built on a stone pillar with a diameter of 1.25 meters in Lingzhu Pond and is named after it. The temple itself is built of wood, shaped like a blooming lotus, which is a symbol of holiness in Buddhism. According to legend, Li Taizong of the Li Dynasty (Lý Thái Tông 1028-1054) had no heirs in his old age. One night, he dreamed that the Bodhisattva sitting upright on the lotus leaf holding the baby with his hands and standing on the lotus platform in the pool. Soon, Li Taizong married a young and beautiful woman as his wife. She later gave birth to a boy for Li Taizu, which was exactly the same as the baby boy in her dream. So Li Taizu ordered the construction of a temple imitating the blooming lotus flowers to serve Guanyin Bodhisattva for generations.
When the First Indochina War ended in 1954, the Single Pillar Temple was blown up when the French team withdrew, and only stone pillars remained. It was rebuilt on the original site in 1955, and the overall style is the same as the Original Temple. In the late 1750s and early 1760s, there was a remnant of a single pillar temple in Sai Kung (now Ho Chi Minh City), which was also one of the scenic spots for people to serve Guanyin Bodhisattva at that time.
3, Hwan Kyung Lake
is also called the small lake, located in the central area of the old city of Hanoi, and is called the first scenic spot in Hanoi. The trees are surrounded by green trees and the lake water is as clear as a mirror. If you get up early enough, around six o'clock, you can see locals gathering on the banks of Hoan Kiem Lake before going to work, focusing on practicing Tai Chi or engaging in other morning activities. A turtle tower (Thap Rua) is built on the island of Hunei. The tower is small and exquisite, with a star on the top. The lake center is also the Duzhu Temple and Yushan Temple . The three saints of Guandi, Xingdao, and Wenchang Emperor are enshrined in Yushan Temple. There is a five-story stone tower built outside the gate of Yushan Temple. The top of the tower looks like a brush. The gate is composed of 4 brush-shaped stone pillars. There are Chinese couplets: "Climbing the mountain by the water and gradually entering a better place, and looking for the source and visiting the ancient times, the infinite scenery here." It means "golden list title". Although there are many stories about the legend of Hoan Kyung Lake, each legend does not take away from the process of Li Taizu's acquisition of the divine sword and the process of using this divine sword to resist the invasion of the Ming Dynasty (1418-1428). This story sounds like the Vietnamese version of the legend of King Arthur (Excaliber). When Li Taizu finally overthrew the Ming Dynasty's rule, he drove a boat to the center of the lake in the Hoan Jian Lake and returned the divine sword to the divine turtle. It is said that after the divine turtle took back the divine sword from Li Taizu, he immediately sneaked into the lake and disappeared without a trace. This is the name of "Hun Jian Lake".
4. Chang'an Scenic Sites
is located in Ninh Ping Province, south of the Red River Plain in Vietnam, and in the south of the Red River Delta . It includes the National Special Relics of the Ancient Capital of Hualu, Chang'an scenic spots-Sangu-Bidong National Special Relics Area, and the Hualu Special Forest Area. In 2014, it was listed as a dual world natural and cultural heritage, becoming the first mixed heritage in Vietnam.
The total area of Chang'an scenic spots is 4,000 hectares, all of which are Chang'an limestone geology, which conforms to both cultural and aesthetic values, and meets various standards of geological and landform values, becoming a world cultural and natural heritage. This Shengqun is currently the only scenic spot in the world with cultural and natural values that basically maintains its original appearance and inherits and promotes it. It is also one of the most beautiful scenic spots in Southeast Asia.
5. Halong Bay
is located in Halong City in Vietnam, located south of Hongki and east of Cat Po Island in Haipang City, and west of Beibu Gulf . It is about 150 kilometers away from the capital Hanoi, with an area of more than 1,500 square kilometers. It consists of more than 1,600 islands of large and small size. The Vietnamese call it the eighth wonder of the world. UNESCO listed Halong Bay in the World Heritage Catalogue in 1994.
Since the islands in Halong Bay are all small limestone peaks, and their shapes are different and the scenery is beautiful, which is similar to Guilin landscape , Chinese guests who have visited here affectionately call Halong Bay " Guilin on the sea". The more famous peaks in Halong Bay include Sishan, Frog Mountain, Douji Mountain, Ma'an Mountain, Butterfly Mountain, Xianglu Mountain, Mutou Mountain, etc.
Enjoying the beautiful scenery of Halong Bay is the most suitable for traveling between islands on a sightseeing boat. You will find that each island has a different shape, like natural towers, rugged rocks and dark caves are places where myths and beautiful legends are produced. The strange-shaped "rock carvings" protruding on the sea, the French buildings built along the coast, and the sampan and sailboats everywhere add a lot of color to the scenery.
Another thing worth visiting is the countless changing caves, including natural caves and sea erosion caves. The stalactites in the cave constitute various scenery, with various shapes and dazzling appearances.
Halong City, where the Halong Bay Scenic Area is located, is also a famous coal capital in Vietnam. It contains rich coal resources. The coal seam is shallow buried and can be mined open-pit. The high-quality Hongji anthracite is world-renowned and exported to Japan, China, South Korea, Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries. Coal carving crafts made of Hongji coal have a high reputation.
6. The castle of Hu Chao period was built in the 14th century. The construction of the castle follows the principles of Feng Shui and is a witness to the development of the new Confucianism in Vietnam and other parts of East Asia at the end of the 14th century.The castle is built on the axis connecting the Tuong Son and the Don Son Mountains, and is located on a beautiful place on the plain between the Majiang River and the Bali River. The spectacular castle building itself represents a new style that has emerged in the history of Southeast Asian royal city construction.
The remains preserved include stone city gates and some rammed earth on the city wall. The castle connects the axis between Changshan and Dongshan Mountains and is located on the plain between Majiang and Bali River. The castle ruins area of the Hu Dynasty was a unique construction project built with giant stones, which clearly reflected a historical stage of Vietnamese culture and civilization. The spectacular castle building itself represents a new style that has emerged in the history of Southeast Asian royal city construction. The construction followed the principles of Feng Shui and was a witness to the development of Neo-Confucianism that spread to Vietnam and other parts of East Asia in the late 14th century.
7. Henoi Shenglong Imperial City
Shenglong Imperial City was originally a castle built by China in the 7th century AD to drain water on a piece of land in the Red River Delta. Until the 13th century, it was the center of regional political power. The Imperial City Building and the archaeological site of 18 Huang Yao Street reflect the unique culture that emerged in Southeast Asia - to be precise - the lower reaches of the Red River - under the interaction between China in the north and the ancient Chameng kingdom in the south.
Shenlong Imperial City reflects the historical accumulation of the Shenglong and Hanoi periods from the 7th century to the early Shenglong period of the 19th century. The remains and cultural layers of many historical periods overlap quite continuously. The architectural relics include foundations, column feet, brick wall sections, road sections, brick floors or pebble foundations, as well as traces of drainage systems, wells, "Yuhe", lotus ponds, etc., showing the huge scale and specific appearance of the former Shenglong Imperial City. A strange building's pillar base was found on the bank of the "Yu River". It is surrounded by 6 round pillar feet and a square pillar feet in the middle, like a "hexagonal building" for people to enjoy the scenery.
