Naval and land warfare both ended with the failure of Dutch , and Proventhabor also surrendered. 1661 was a bad year for the Dutch.
Provencha Castle surrendered, and now only Relandzha is left. Relandzha was first built by Song Ke, the first commander of the Dutch , Dutch in Taiwan in August of the fourth year of the Apocalypse. However, according to the Dutch themselves, the defense level of the earliest Relandzha Castle was actually quite poor. " has no moats, no fences or other castles. ". The defense objects of this castle are actually only the rebellious farmers on the island and other indigenous people. These people have very poor weapons, so for the Dutch, such a simple castle is enough. But with the change of the situation and the tension of the Ming-Dutch relations, the Dutch reinforced the Jelanzha Castle around 1639 and built a Utlich round fort.
Dutch handed over the castle to Zheng Jun.
Kiyi records that the Rhlanzha Castle is a "http://www.square-mile-wide.com" selected by the company on the west bank of Formosa as the base. " location in today's Anping Ancient Castle in Tainan City. More than 400 years ago, it was actually surrounded by water on all sides. The entire castle is divided into two parts: the upper city and the lower city. The upper city is square, with arch in four corners. The lower city was gradually built after 1639. There are three arch arch arch 2 in total, each arch arch 2. To the south of the castle is the north line tail sandbank where Captain Baguizi died, and the town of Rarangzha is close to the castle. Compared with the Qingfang city that the Zheng army attacked before, Relanzha City is indeed very small, but this European castle caused considerable trouble to the Zheng army.
Jelanzha Castle and Jelanzha Town.
This unfortunate attack launched by Zheng Jun began in the early morning of May 25. The Zheng army's artillery bombed the Jelanzhe Castle two hours before dawn and hit the Dutch Chief Office. Before the Dutch counterattacked, the Zheng army fired a total of about 40 guns. Later, after the war statistics, there were as many as 53 artillery shells that hit the houses of the Dutch Chief Office, including some 18-pound shells, and some 24-pound shells. These artillery caused considerable damage to the Jelanzhe Castle. The openings were bombarded by the shells reached more than 250 holes, but these damage did not destroy the entire castle structure, because behind the bricks were covered by the city walls, there was a compacted earth platform. The losses of personnel on the Dutch side were minor, with only four people killed and 11 others injured.
Zheng Jun suffered heavy casualties.
, and the Zheng army suffered even heavier losses. The Dutch recorded that according to the captured Zheng army prisoners, the Zheng army was killed more than 300 people in this battle. Later, news even came out that the Zheng army suffered a casualties of six or seven hundred people in this battle. This news may be wrong, or it is the Dutch boasting about their achievements, because the number of soldiers attacking the Zheng army in Taiwan was about a few hundred. If the Dutch said, at least one town had lost its combat effectiveness, but it was not.
But it is certain that this battle was really bad. After the Zheng army's artillery position was defeated, about 50 Dutch troops left the city, including ten musketeers and forty soldiers. The purpose of these people was to seize the Zheng army's artillery and the flags on the basket fort built by the Zheng army. After these people left the city, they found that the Zheng army's artillery position was in a mess, with the cannons twisted and crooked. Some cannons were thrown into the sky, and the cannons were thrown into the sky, and the shells were thrown all over the ground, and there were a large number of Zheng army's dead bodies.
bronze cannon.
These Dutchmen began to seal the fire door of the cannon with nails, and seized the flag and took away the armor of the dead corpse. However, they were attacked by the Zheng army that had not withdrawn. The Zheng army was arrowing like rain, but the Dutch army who had gone out of the city finally successfully returned to the city, paying the price of one person being killed in battle and several injured, and seized 63 sides of the flag.
Ming army's flag.
Soon after, another 116 Dutch troops rushed out of the city of Relanzha to continue to destroy the artillery left by the Zheng army, and at the same time began to destroy the artillery base built by the Zheng army, but were blocked by the Zheng army again. " A team of enemy troops carrying bows, arrows, swords and flags rushed from the house to the corner of the street. " However, this team of Zheng army was immediately suppressed by the artillery fire in Relanzha. The bombardment was so loud that " four legs flew to the sky and the earth. ". The Zheng army officer led the team was also killed by the cannon. Finally, it was dark. The Dutch destroyed almost all the cannons that could still be used, about twenty-six. At the same time, he dragged a six-pound cannon back to the city, and brought a large number of Zheng army armor, flag bows and arrows back to the castle as spoils. This time, the Dutch army killed seven people and injured thirty-one.
In this battle, the Dutch army killed a total of twelve people, injured more than 40 people, and lost more than 50 people in total. The Zheng army suffered unknown losses, but the casualties of the personnel must be far higher than those of the Dutch army. The cannon that was nailed into the nail was soon taken back by the Zheng army, and after repairing, it was put into use again.
It should be said that this failure is not surprising. Kiyi pointed out that the artillery positions arranged by the Zheng army at this time were very fragile, and the Dutch army issued artillery bombardment from a high point. At the same time, the unique structure of the bastion can form cross firepower and bombard the enemy troops outside the city in all directions. So if the Zheng Chenggong army launches a strong attack, although there are only a thousand combatants in the Relanzha Castle, the Zheng army can still pay a very heavy price.
Before we do things, we have to know what we want to do. The same is true for Zheng Chenggong. Why did he attack Taiwan? As mentioned earlier, he was to provide him with a steady stream of food and grass for a more stable rear base, so from this perspective, the Dutch in the city of Jelanzha was actually not important, although they occasionally issued guns to bombard the Zheng army emerging from the town of Jelanzha. The whole Taiwan is the key point. As long as Batavia, the old nest of the Dutch, does not send reinforcements, or send a large number of reinforcements that threaten the Zheng army, everything will be fine. The Dutch defenders in the city of Rarlandzha cannot threaten the Zheng army at all. In fact, Zheng Chenggong's own reinforcements arrived in early May instead, "On the second day of May, Zuo Chong, Qian Chong, Zhiwu, British soldiers, golf soldiers, and palace soldiers came to Taiwan."
Dutch East India Company used bronze cannon .
Now the Dutch had no chance to sing. Zheng Chenggong left Ma Xin and other departments in Relanzha Town to monitor Relanzha City. The total force was about 2,000 people. He brought more than 300 guards back to Chicengcheng (Proventha Fort). The remaining departments were scattered to Taiwan to reclaim wasteland and raise food, but it was obvious that these work was not safer than fighting.
July " Aid to suppress Houzhen and Houchong Town officers and soldiers incited big-bow Tufan rebelled and rushed to Zuoxianfeng Town camp. Yang Zu was injured and defeated and returned to the province. He died of illness. He besieged Zhang Zhiying in Houzhen. Right Huwei, Yingbing Town and Zhiwu Town were defeated. " This battle was really cowardly. Zheng's army was defeated by the natives in the frontal conflict. Yang Zu was shot by the indigenous javelin during the charge, and soon died of serious injuries. After that, Zheng Chenggong mobilized heavy troops to kill the rebellious native leader Adegou. Since then, he ordered all Ming troops not to disturb the native tribes.
Chinese sailing boat.
Why did Zheng Jun have conflicts with the natives? This is not difficult to guess the reason, it is nothing more than supply issues. Let’s talk about one thing that Zheng Chenggong had to do in a series of battles along the coast of Fujian, that is, collecting grain. Without food, everything is free of talks. Zheng Chenggong carried out a series of looting in Guangdong and even slaughtered the enemy village people. The root of these evil deeds can actually be attributed to logistical issues, because the grain collection and resistance aroused, and then the Zheng army broke through the village and carried out slaughtering and looting. This is especially true in Taiwan. It is conceivable how developed it was in the 17th century. It is impossible to provide a large amount of food and grass for the Zheng army. Therefore, the hungry Zheng army soldiers collected food by force everywhere, which naturally caused dissatisfaction among natives such as Adegou.
Hunger began to attack the Zheng soldiers.
Hunger and disease are constantly attacking Zheng's soldiers. The Zheng army began to experience a large number of non-combat reductions. 1,000 soldiers sent to southern Taiwan, 800 died due to hunger and disease, and only 200 dying soldiers fled back. The situation in Chikengcheng ( Dongdu Mingjing ) was not optimistic. Yang Ying, the author of "The Records of the Old Kings", even got sick due to hunger.
For Zheng Chenggong, the logistical problem was a problem that must be solved, but now he must first solve the problem in front of him, that is, how to deal with the Dutch reinforcements. In August 1661, 12 Dutch warships appeared on the sea outside the city of Jelanzha.
