Character profile
Zhang Zhaowei was born in Tainan City, the seventh generation of Quanzhou immigrants. He is a critic writer and documentary director, formerly the production director of Hong Kong Sunshine TV and is currently the production director of the CNEX Foundation. The recent documentary works "Summit" and "Heronored Family" Season 2 (director in chief). The collection of essays "The Plunder of True" and translated as "Punk's Philosophy".
Now, close your eyes and in the darkness, this scene could still appear in my mind: it was around 6:50 in the morning. I carried my schoolbag, carried a kettle, opened the iron door, closed the iron door, and went to school alone along the uneven steps of the arcade.
This is about twenty minutes away. First, follow the Minquan Road where my family is located and turn right to Yongfu Road. When I grew up, I realized that Minquan Road was the first street in Fucheng, the earliest place where the Han people lived. The shipping dock was not far from the end of the street. There was a Narcissus Palace next to the dock, including the Narcissus Palace, including the Narcissus King, Dayu , Xiang Yu , Han Gu, Qu Yuan, Wu Zixu and others, wishing the boat people ferrying the sea to safety. The Narcissus Palace was built in 1684, the 23rd year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, and it was also the next year when Taiwan was taken over as the territory of the Qing Dynasty. To this day, the temple is still a place where various goods and delicious snacks are gathered.
Narcissus Palace compared with the past and present
. At the intersection of Minquan Road and Yongfu Road, an inconspicuous round iron cover on the road surface covered the wellbore dug by the ancestors four hundred years ago, called Dajingtou. At the corner next to Oi Tou is the National Cinema. Today, there is a human-shaped standing card of director Lee Ang , director Lee , standing at the door of the United States, because this second round theater is the cradle of his film enlightenment.
Dajingtou site (above) and its location (blue mark below)
Turn into Yongfu Road, with embroidery shop, tin shop, sweet winter melon tea, and then continue walking along the red gables of the sacrificial Wu Temple . The Sacred Wu Temple is the first official Wu Temple in Taiwan. It was built during the Zheng period of the Ming Dynasty and is one of the official temples of the Dongning Dynasty. In it, there is a plaque with my great-grandfather donated six yuan to assist in the repair during the Taisho period of Japan and left his name. The alley next to the Wu Temple leads directly to the palace of Ming Ningjing King Zhu Shugui ; in 1683, Shi Lang , who firmly believed in Mazu , led the Qing army to conquer Taiwan, and the palace was changed to a temple dedicated to Mazu. In order to provide for the people of the southeast coast, Kangxi , after destroying the Zheng Dynasty, he issued an order to grant Mazu the queen of heaven, which was one level higher than the concubine of the previous dynasty; this temple is called the Great Heavenly Palace.
The school I attended is next to Chikan Tower. It was founded in 1912, the 16th year of Japan's occupation of Taiwan. It was called Meiji Public School in the early days. After Taiwan was liberation in 1945, it changed its name several times. When I was two years old and Taiwan began to implement nine years of compulsory education, it was named "Cheng National Primary School" in the name of commemorating Zheng Chenggong .
Around 7:10 in the morning, I and my classmates from all over the world walked into the "Success Primary School". In the Xuantian God Temple in the alley next to the school, occasionally there would be a whimpering sound of bells and bells and Taoist priests.
This Xuantian God Temple has a Jilingyou Palace, also known as the Little God Temple, which is different from the Great God Temple located on the other end of Minquan Road - the Beiji Temple. This temple was built in 1671 and is also an official temple of the Dongning Dynasty. Ming Chengzu considered himself the incarnation of Xuantian God, and Zheng Chenggong, who fought against Qing and restored Ming , also firmly believed in Xuantian God. In the North Pole Hall, the statue of Xuantian God in Zheng Chenggong's Central Army's tent and the plaque "Weiling Heyi" written by Zhu Shugui is still enshrined. This is the earliest plaque seen in Taiwan.
As for the construction of the Little God Temple is slightly later than that of the North Pole Hall. The reason was that when the Qing Dynasty was preparing to attack Taiwan, the North Pole Hall was often crowded with civil and military officials of the Dongning Dynasty who were eager to ask for advice. Ordinary people were not allowed to enter, so they simply raised funds to build another God temple dedicated to worshipping the people.
I will study for a day in this environment. Day after day, practice the words "The counterattack will win, the founding of the country will succeed" and "Long live President Chiang" at the end of each essay.
It was in the 1970s. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was still in power, but his health was already poor and he would die of illness soon. Under the "patriotic education" during the martial law period, I do not fully understand the complex and rich historical texture displayed by my short path to school. What covered my growth process was a long "party and state training" system mixed with Confucian discipline, modernization and Han-centrism; under this system, my hometown was regarded as the founding capital, Zheng Chenggong was a national hero who anti-Qing and restoring the Ming Dynasty. He once established a short-lived dynasty here, and his culture was regarded as the local customs and peoples. As for the Dutch, and even the mountain gangs who were later renamed as indigenous people, most of them only appeared in textbooks or media promotional videos, and I almost didn't realize it in my life. Speaking of the Japanese occupation period, I can also feel some profound influence from my parents who often communicate in Japanese, sing Japanese songs to me, like sushi miso soup and Housewife's Friends magazine, etc., but that is exactly the colonial legacy that the government wants to suppress.
It was not until nearly twenty years later that I was able to find out the relationship between this earliest Han marine city in Taiwan and myself from my intermittent self-exploration and work experience.
This kind of exploration is like following the legendary secret underground passage between Chikan Tower and Anping Ancient Castle , holding a torch in the dark, slowly moving forward, and moving towards a certain historical node, the sea that was once taboo...
Childhood Imprint
1949, because of concerns about the army on the other side of the strait crossing the sea and various smuggling and smuggling, the government implemented a maritime ban policy, using bunkers, barbed wire, casuarina, machine guns and shore cannons to surround Taiwan Island . So for nearly half a century, in Tainan, a city near the sea, the ocean became a large blank area where one lost his own memory.
I remember when I was in elementary school, I went to the beach. There was only one place in Qiumao Garden located in the casuarina woods to visit, and the others were military forbidden areas.
When the memories of the ocean are cut off, the Anping Castle, the Dongning Dynasty, born of marine civilization, and the founding of Tainan, were taken away from the most fundamental meaning of their existence.
This is an individual's memory and exploration. The individual's way to school, the family's cross-sea immigrants, the ancestors and foreigners landed in succession, and the Dutch and Sun occupied them all on this hand-drawn picture
The earliest visit to Anping Castle in memory was to follow the brothers and sisters. It was more than 30 years ago. From the city, you had to take a bamboo raft across the river to reach the foot of the castle. The so-called "river" is actually Taijiang Inner Sea, not the real river, and the castle is built on a sandbank at the junction of the inland sea and the outback sea. There are many such sandbanks along the inner sea of Taijiang River. From the outer sea, they are shaped like the arc-shaped backs of big fish. Therefore, these sandbanks are called "Kunshu" by the Han people. Among the local indigenous people of Xilaiya people, they are called "masters".
The artillery tower and cannon on Anping Castle were used to be a sea-keeping object, but now it is a witness to history
The Anping Castle I saw at that time is no different from today. On the three-story platform paved with red bricks, there is a small Western-style building next to it, with a watchtower; several rusted iron cannons lie quietly under the shadow of the red brick platform and the banyan tree. I thought at that time that this was the style of a Dutch fortress, and later I realized that I was wrong.
Today's Anping Castle is an ancient building, but it is not an ancient building during the Dutch occupation period where the fort was placed. At the end of this article, the author revealed the mystery. Four hundred years ago, Western countries that had entered the era of great navigation and colonization were eager to find a stable trade base in the southeastern coastal areas of China, and use American silver to buy Chinese silk, porcelain and tea, and then sell it to Europe. The Portuguese were the first to take the lead. In 1577, they first rented Macau from the Ming Dynasty government. Then, in the fierce commercial competition, the Dutch East India Company attempted to break the Ming Dynasty's strict foreign trade laws. They tried to contact coastal merchants and pirates, so many armed conflicts with Chinese officials occurred in Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong.
1602, Wei Malang, the commander of the Dutch East India Company fleet, failed to seize Macau. At the suggestion of Chinese businessmen, he turned to Penghu , which strangled the throat of the Taiwan Strait, and prepared to work for a long time. In 1604, the Ming Dynasty general Shen Yourong led fifty soldiers and two thousand soldiers to persuade the Dutch to retreat. To this day, there is still a monument "Shen Yourong Yu's Red-haired Fan Wei Malang and others" on Magong Island in Penghu.
Shen Yourong persuaded the Dutch to withdraw from the Dutch in Penghu, "Red Hair" did not give up the idea of attacking Taiwan. 20 years later, the Dutch translation Zheng Zhilong made meritorious service in the fight against the Dutch, creating the foundation of the Zheng family
1622, the Dutch occupied Penghu again and built a castle to establish a base. In 1624, the Ming army came to encircle and suppress the enemy. After eight months of fierce fighting, the 6 people in the Netherlands retreated. In this battle, Zheng Zhilong, who once served as the Dutch translator, made military achievements for the Ming army, and received reunion and then became the maritime overlord who dominated the east and west oceans. All Chinese and foreign ships passing through this sea area had to pay taxes and fees to the Zheng family. The East India Company had no choice but to cross the Heishuigou east and retreat to the senior officials outside the sphere of influence of the Ming Dynasty.
In this year, the first Dutch city was established on a Kunshan sandbank in the inland sea of Taijiang. It was named after the Dutch ruling family and was Orange. Three years later, it was renamed as after the Dutch province Zeelandia, which was later Anping Castle.
At that time, due to the lack of materials and craftsmen, the battlements in the northeast corner were made of stone buildings demolished from the old city of Penghu. The rest of the building materials are mainly made of stucco made of sugar water, glutinous rice juice and oyster ash, which are all building materials that can be obtained locally.
The geographical location of the city of Gelanzha and the old shadow of Gelanzha
Gelanzha is a typical European fortress-style coastal defense fortress. It is composed of a square castle in the middle and a stylised turret with four corners. The inner city has three floors, and the lowest floor is the warehouse, the chief office, the lookout, the church, the soldier barracks and other facilities. There is a defensive fort at four corners, with a lookout pavilion built on top. There are three gates in the middle of the two corners. The Chief Office was located at the junction of the north side of the inner city and the north city. It was the political, economic and military center at that time. He had to report the production and trade here, as well as the management status of the indigenous tribes such as conquest, alliance, corvee and missionary to the Batavia headquarters located in Indonesia.
At this stage, the Dutch introduced sugarcane and buffalo from the Southeast Sea, and Han people's workers from the southeast coast to clear up land, producing rice and sugar to sell them to commercial ports in East Asia. Most of the Han people who come to Taiwan live on the island on the east side of the inland sea of Taijiang . The place name of Xilai Ya tribe here is Chikan, which is located in the high-ranking city of Relanzha, one east and one west, and the two look opposite each other.
After the Guo Huaiyi incident, the Dutch built the Prominent Clash City (picture below), and expanded from here to Loutai Streets and alleys. One place is the author Zhang Zhaowei's hometown on Minquan Road
The Dutch chief executive's harsh policies and exploitation against the Han people triggered the Han riot in 1652. In the name of the invader, it was for the Guo Huaiyi incident. After the riots subsided, the Dutch authorities decided to build a city in Chikan to effectively manage Han immigration, so they built Provintia, which was later Chikan Tower, and opened up Provintia Street, which was later my hometown Minquan Road.
