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When the blood sugar of the diabetics is unstable, the right medicine should be prescribed in time with the help of the doctor. However, it is not the most wise choice to control blood sugar and rely on drug treatment for a long time. First, diabetes cannot rely on drugs to cure it by radical treatment, and second, drugs cannot fundamentally solve the problem and will also produce many adverse reactions to harm the health of the diabetics.
What are the oral hypoglycemic Western medicines?
1.Sulphuronylurea antidiabetic drugs:
Its main function is to stimulate insulin secretion, and its lowering effect is moderate and strong. Among the drugs belonging to sulfonylurea, the order of dosages per tablet is mainly glibenclamide (Yulurea), glipizine (Mepida, Yodalin), glipopiride (Corsin), glipidol (Dameikon), gliquinole (Sushipin), tolubutamide (D860), etc.
2. Biguanidine antidiabetic drugs :
Its main function is to increase the utilization of glucose in peripheral tissues (such as muscles, etc.), reduce the production of liver sugar, and reduce blood sugar. Suitable for obese and overweight diabetics. This type of drug includes phenethyl stearin (lowering glycoside, DB1), and lowering glycoside tablets ( metformin , Medicon, Dihuatang, Gehuazhi). Among them, phenethyl stearin (lowering glycoside) is prone to lactic acidosis, so it should be taken with caution, and the dosage is better.
3.α- glycosidase inhibitor :
Its main function is to inhibit the decomposition of sugars, delay the absorption of glucose and reduce post-meal blood sugar , which is especially effective for diabetics who do not control post-meal blood sugar. Such drugs include acarbose (Betenping), bexin and miglitol.
However, the above three types of drugs have adverse reactions to the human body!
1. Adverse reactions of sulfonylurea drugs
Although sulfonylurea drugs have been used in clinical practice for a long time and have significant effect on lowering glycemic, their adverse reactions should still attract people's attention. The common adverse reactions are as follows:
(1) Hypoglycemia reaction. This is the most common and clinically significant adverse reaction of sulfonylurea drugs. Hypoglycemia reactions can occur after excessive doses of diabetics, weak in the elderly, excessive physical labor, irregular eating, drinking alcohol or drinking beverages containing ethanol. When hypoglycemia occurs, you often feel hunger, palpitations, sweating and cramps. Hypoglycemia reactions can induce angina pectoris or myocardial infarction in patients with coronary heart disease, recurrent attacks or persistent hypoglycemia, which can easily cause irreversible damage to the central nervous system and may even lead to coma or death.
(2) Weight gain. Obese type 2 diabetics can increase weight and aggravate hyperinsulinemia, so it is not advisable to take it.
(3) Digestive system reaction. There may be symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, etc. The reaction is generally mild and can be relieved by itself.
(4) Hematologic reaction. The first generation of sulfonylurea drugs can cause transient leukocytes, granulocytes, platelets or whole hemocytopenia, and a very small number of them may occur hemolytic anemia.
(5) Neurological response. If the dosage of Yuhunching and chloropropaneuride is larger, it may cause symptoms such as headache, dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, and tremors in the limbs in a few diabetics.
2. Adverse reactions of biguanide drugs
Biguanide drugs have good glycemic effects and are cheap and are the first choice for obese diabetics. They are widely used in domestic diabetic patients. However, abuse of this type of drug is also common, such as those with low glycemic acidosis, which is prone to lactic acidosis, and those with poor liver and kidney function will also be used properly. The abuse of biguanide drugs should attract people's attention. This type of drug has the following adverse reactions:
(1) Lactic acidic acid poisoning, diabetics with lesions in the elderly or important organs such as the heart, liver, kidney, and lungs, due to hypoxia in the body, the production of lactic acid increases, and its metabolism and elimination of obstacles can easily accumulate lactic acid in the blood. If a large number of biguanide hypoglycemic drugs are taken, especially phenethyl stearin (lowering glycoside), it is very likely to cause the risk of lactic acid poisoning among the diabetics.
(2) Gastrointestinal tract reaction. The main manifestations are decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea, etc. Some diabetics can help reduce digestive tract reactions by reducing the dose or taking it after a meal.
(3) Liver and kidney function deteriorates. For diabetics who have already experienced liver and renal insufficiency, such as elevated aminotransferase, continuous positive urine protein, or increased creatinine and urea nitrogen in the blood, taking biguanide drugs may further deteriorate liver and renal function.
(4) Aggravates ketoacidosis. Biguanide drugs can cause fat decomposition and promote the production of ketone bodies. It is not suitable for diabetics who tend to ketoacidosis or ketosis.
3. Adverse reactions of α-glycosidase inhibitors
Side effects of using glucosidase inhibitors Common side effects are:
Gastrointestinal side effects, which may cause abdominal distension, diarrhea, hyperincidence rumbling , excessive exhaust, etc. Hypoglycemia may result when combined with sulfonylurea, biguanide hypoglycemia or insulin.
It can be seen that the three types of hypoglycemic drugs have obvious adverse reactions. Relying on drugs alone is not a long-term solution. Taking drugs for a long time will harm the body. Controlling blood sugar also requires a series of methods such as adjusting diet and exercise to improve body functions and internal metabolism in order to achieve healthy sugar control.
(2) Gastrointestinal tract reaction. The main manifestations are decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea, etc. Some diabetics can help reduce digestive tract reactions by reducing the dose or taking it after a meal.
(3) Liver and kidney function deteriorates. For diabetics who have already experienced liver and renal insufficiency, such as elevated aminotransferase, continuous positive urine protein, or increased creatinine and urea nitrogen in the blood, taking biguanide drugs may further deteriorate liver and renal function.
(4) Aggravates ketoacidosis. Biguanide drugs can cause fat decomposition and promote the production of ketone bodies. It is not suitable for diabetics who tend to ketoacidosis or ketosis.
3. Adverse reactions of α-glycosidase inhibitors
Side effects of using glucosidase inhibitors Common side effects are:
Gastrointestinal side effects, which may cause abdominal distension, diarrhea, hyperincidence rumbling , excessive exhaust, etc. Hypoglycemia may result when combined with sulfonylurea, biguanide hypoglycemia or insulin.
It can be seen that the three types of hypoglycemic drugs have obvious adverse reactions. Relying on drugs alone is not a long-term solution. Taking drugs for a long time will harm the body. Controlling blood sugar also requires a series of methods such as adjusting diet and exercise to improve body functions and internal metabolism in order to achieve healthy sugar control.
