There is a good story in the history of the Communist Party of China that "Southern, Chen, Bei, Li, meet to establish the party." The first people who planned to establish the Communist Party of China in China were Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao.
Li Dazhao Martyrs Cemetery is located in Wan'an Cemetery in the southeast of Xiangshan, Beijing. It is an antique courtyard building. It was announced as a cultural relics protection unit in Beijing in 1984 and was approved by the State Council as a national key martyrs memorial protection unit. Today, Li Dazhao Cemetery has become the first batch of patriotic education demonstration bases in the country.
Li Dazhao, whose courtesy name is "Shouchang", was born on October 29, 1889 in Leting County, Hebei Province.
In the winter of 1913, Li Dazhao was admitted to the undergraduate degree in politics at Waseda University in Tokyo. When Japan proposed the "Twenty-One" to destroy China to Yuan Shikai , the telegram of the "Warning the Country to the Elders" he drafted quickly spread throughout the country, and he became a famous patriot in the country.
1916 After Li Dazhao returned to China, he actively participated in the emerging new culture movement. In March 1920, Li Dazhao initiated the organization of the Marxist Theory Research Association at Peking University . In October, under the initiative of Li Dazhao, the Beijing Communist Group was established.
After the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921, Li Dazhao directed the work of the North on behalf of the Party Central Committee. He was elected as a member of the Central Committee at the Second, Third and Fourth National Congresses of the Party.
1922, Li Dazhao went to Shanghai to meet Sun Yat-sen according to the instructions of Communist International .
In January 1924, he attended the First Congress of the Kuomintang and served as the First Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang. In June of the same year, he led the delegation of the Communist Party of China to attend the Fifth Congress of the Communist International.
In March 1926, Li Dazhao led and personally participated in the struggle of the Beijing people against Japanese and British imperialism and against warlords Zhang Zuolin and Wu Peifu .
On April 6, 1927, Zhang Zuolin, a Fengtian warlord, colluded with imperialism and arrested more than 80 people including Li Dazhao. He was tortured by nail stripping and other torture in prison, and was still tenacious and unyielding.
1927 On April 28, 1927, the cruel executioner actually killed 20 people arrested using a hanging machine imported from Western Europe . Li Dazhao was the first to walk on the gallows and died calmly at the age of 38. Li Dazhao was specially used to use the "Three Twist Execution Method" to prolong the pain, and the strangulation lasted for 40 minutes.
In the summer of 1959, after the completion of Chinese Revolution Museum , the murder weapon that killed Li Dazhao, was compiled as "No. 0001". It has been collected by the museum until now as a national first-class revolutionary cultural relic.
Martyrs Cemetery was completed on October 29, 1983, covering an area of 2,200 square meters. The west room and the north wing room are the first and second exhibition rooms respectively, and more than 250 pictures and cultural relics of Li Dazhao’s life are displayed.
The main building in the park consists of a 2-meter-high white martyr sculpture of Martyr Li Dazhao, the tomb of Martyr Li Dazhao and his wife Zhao Renlan, and a 4-meter-wide and 2-meter-high Jinan Blue and Granite Monument. On both sides of the tombstone are inscriptions to commemorate the martyrs such as Party and state leaders Zhu De, Chen Yi, , Li Xiannian, Lin Boqu, and He Xiangning. The front of the monument is engraved with Deng Xiaoping's inscription "The pioneer of the communist movement, the great Marxist, and the martyr Li Dazhao will be immortal." Behind the monument is the inscription written by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for Martyr Li Dazhao.
The inscription points out: Comrade Li Dazhao was the earliest Marxist and communist in China, and one of the main founders of the Communist Party of China. He is infinitely loyal to the cause of liberation of the Chinese people, to his belief in Marxism and the revolutionary future of the proletariat.
1933, the underground party of the Communist Party of China buried him in Wan'an Cemetery in Beijing. The Northern Underground Party of the Communist Party of China carved a tombstone with the words "Tomb of Comrade Li Dazhao, the leader of the Chinese Revolutionary Leader," for the martyrs.
In the terrifying era of whiteness, this stone tablet had to be buried underground with the coffin of the martyr. It was not until the cemetery was established that this important revolutionary cultural relic was released.
