Yesterday was March 14, the 140th anniversary of Einstein , a great and solemn day on the earth, and it is also the first anniversary of Hawking's death. On the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death, Hawking happened to be born. People often say that no matter where he is, time will verify and interesting souls will eventually meet.
Any great man's departure will make the living feel panic and uneasy. This is his greatness and is relied upon by people who have never met.
Cracking the mystery of the universe in a wheelchair
"Even if I locked me in the shell, I still think I am the king of the infinite universe."
——"The universe in the shell"
Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England. . Hawking did not have outstanding academic performance in his childhood, but he had a special liking for extremely complex toys and once made a simple computer. In 1959, 17-year-old Hawking entered the , Oxford University, to study natural sciences, and obtained a first-class honorary degree in a very short time. He then transferred to , University of Cambridge, and studied cosmology and obtained a doctorate degree from the University of Cambridge.
Hawking has several honorary degrees at the University of Cambridge, which is rich in academic tradition. is a professor in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics , the most important contemporary general theory of relativity and cosmologist, and a professor in the Department of Lucas Mathematics of Cambridge University (Newton) He has held this position) and member of the Royal Society of England . In terms of scientific achievements, Hawking proved the area theorem of black holes. In the 1970s, Hawking and PhD Dr. Roger Penrose of Cambridge University founded the mathematical structure theory of modern cosmology , proving the famous theorem of oddity, and won the 1988 Wolf Physics Award.
Faced with a desperate situation, how to resist fate
Hawking is not only a legendary physics genius, but also an impressing life force. 21 years old, Hawking unfortunately suffered from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , almost paralyzed throughout his body, and only three fingers could move. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is also called motor neuron disease (MND), Charcot or Lou Gehrig disease. The symptoms are caused by damage to the upper and lower motor neurons, which can include the sphere ( The so-called ball refers to the muscles controlled by the medulla), limbs, trunk, chest and abdomen gradually weaken and atrophy.
The disease caused Hawking's body to be seriously deformed, his head could only be tilted to the right, his left shoulder was lowered, his right shoulder was high. Holding the palm-sized sound phonomatoscopy keyboard. Both feet were twisted inward, and their mouth was almost skewed into an S-shaped shape. As long as you smile, you will immediately look like you are grinning. During the meal, Hawking had to work hard to lift his head. Before he lost his voice, he could only talk in very weakly deformed language. Others could only understand this language after spending a few months with him. Hawking could not write, and reading had to rely on a machine that flipped the pages. In 1985, he underwent tracheostomy surgery due to pneumonia, which led to his speech.
So he can only use the up, down, left and right movement of his eyeball to issue instructions, and use the computer language synthesizer to make a unique "computer sound". According to Hawking's assistant, Hawking used to be able to speak 15 English words per minute through the computer system. Now, due to malignant atrophy of facial muscles, only one English word can be spoken every minute.
Anyone who has seen Hawking will always leave such a deep impression. Hawking, shriveled and twitching, curled up weakly in the wheelchair, leaning his head to the right and leaning on the back of the chair. A mouth that cannot be closed seems to be forever Smiling innocently, saliva flowed from the corner of his mouth to his smooth chin, but through the thick myopia lenses, Hawking's eyes were so deep that it reminded people of the profound problems he studied, such as the black holes and the origin of the universe.
He was imprisoned in a wheelchair for 50 years. His scientific spirit and courageous and great personality power deeply attracted everyone who knew him. Although Hawking was so helpless in a wheelchair, his thoughts were outstanding in traveling to the vast space and time, and persistently conquering theories of relativity, quantum mechanics, Big Bang and other theories.
Hawking loves work and life and is full of humanity. He used to describe himself like this: I actually spent my entire adulthood in motor neurocytosis, but it did not prevent me from having a very warm family and a successful career.
It belongs to the universe of stars
The light we see from a very distant galaxy was emitted millions of years ago, and in the case of the farthest object we see, the light was emitted eight billion years ago of. In this way, when we look at the universe, we are looking at its past.
—" A Brief History of Time "
Among the many works published by Hawking, "A Brief History of Time" written in 1988 is particularly eye-catching and has caused a huge response all over the world. is called a popular science template for popularizing advanced theoretical physics by the publishing industry. Moreover, since its first edition, this book has been translated into 40 languages and sold nearly 10 million copies, becoming a wonder in the history of international publishing.
This book has more than 240 color illustrations, including satellite images and photos. It incorporates many new knowledge revealed by observations and Hawking's latest research, turning the difficult and obscure and very difficult "A Brief History of Time" into a best-selling film Readings. In 1992, a £3.5 million movie of the same name was released. Because Hawking firmly believes that the basic concepts about the origin of the universe and life can be expressed without mathematics, people should be able to understand his mysterious theory through the audio-visual medium of movies.
As the greatest scientist, he is also known as the "king of the universe" and the "prophet". He is the "universe" of the universe.
【Think one】
The authenticity of God, aliens and the world
Early in 2010, he warned that Human beings should be cautious when trying to connect with other life forms in outer space, because they cannot be sure whether they will Show us friendly. If humans are the only intelligent living organism in this galaxy, they should ensure that they can survive and continue.
But facing the limited resources of the earth and the exponentially growing population, the only opportunity to survive in the long term is not to stay on the earth, but to find a way out in outer space.
In the past 100 years, science and technology have achieved outstanding achievements. If we want to continue our progress, we have to look at outer space. Humans are expected to travel in spacecraft for time, and the long journey from the earth to the edge of the Milky Way will only take eighty years, which will bring technological possibilities to humans to immigrate to outer space.
[Thinking 2]
Where will humanity go in the future
Hawking also made amazing comments many times, causing hot comments. In January 2006, he attended an academic seminar in Mumbai, India and pointed out to more than 3,000 scholars that humans will land on other planets in the solar system within 100 years and use this as a pedal to enter outer space. Hawking called on countries to slow down the current reproductive rate that doubles the population every 40 years, warning: "By 2,600, the world's population will be extremely crowded and shoulder to shoulder, and electricity consumption will turn the earth into a hot red fireball."
in the next Before the arrival of a thousand years, human beings will be "reborn" and a new race will appear. In 2011, when interviewed by the "Think Tank" of a famous American intellectual video sharing website, Hawking said that the earth will be destroyed within 200 years. If humans want to survive for a long time, they can only immigrate to alien planets. Unless humans immigrate to outer space in the last two centuries, humans will disappear from the world forever. Some scholars believe that Hawking's prediction is not based on relevant scientific basis, but should be understood as a advice to mankind.
[Thinking Three]
Why should we explore space and seek other potentially livable planets
On January 8, 2012, before his 70th birthday, the science master participated in the BBC program, answering When the audience asked a question, the audience predicted that human beings will immigrate to Mars in the future and eventually conquer the universe. He believes that in the next 1,000 years, it is basically certain that the earth will be destroyed by a major disaster, such as nuclear war or greenhouse effect, so he emphasized that humans must move to other planets. Hawking said: "Human extinction is possible, but it is not inevitable. I am an optimistic person. I believe that the development and progress of science and technology can ultimately lead humans out of the solar system and to a more distant place in the universe."
Hawking read a research report released by the World Foundation for the Conservation of Endangered Biology in February 2001, pointed out that the Earth's atmosphere will become hotter and hotter, and it will be humans' turn after animals are extinct. In a thousand years, the Earth will not be Suitable for human habitation. If you still have no ability to migrate to a more distant alien planet by then, you will undoubtedly face the fate of being extinct, and you may even not live for the next thousand years. The research report was completed after a four-year survey by 7,000 experts from various countries hired by the World Foundation for the Conservation of Endangered Biology. The report said that over the past four years, endangered mammals have increased from 129 to 169, birds have increased from 168 to 182, and up to 20% of amphibians and 30% of fish have faced the same fate. It was based on such a rapid "extinction speed" that Hawking calculated that humans will face the fate of extinction within two thousand years.
[Thinking Four]
Thoughts on the future development of Artificial Intelligence
Hawking also warned that human efforts to create intelligent machines threaten their own survival, indicating that thorough development of artificial intelligence may lead to the demise of human beings. His statement was to respond to the improvements to the communication technology he used, including basic artificial intelligence. “At the current initial stages, artificial intelligence has proven to be very useful, but there must be concerns about the consequences of creating something that is comparable to humans or even surpasses humans.” Hawking notes, “it may start on its own, redesign itself at accelerating pace. . Human beings are limited to the slow biological evolution process and cannot compete with it at all, and will eventually be surpassed."
However, while the cognitive level of artificial intelligence is improving, human civilization is also advancing, and the average cognition of human beings is also Moving forward. In this state of , how can artificial intelligence develop into a higher life form that completely crushes and ignores us?
summarized, if humans develop a brand new life form and can improve their IQ and cognitive level by learning, then because it is improved based on human civilization, it is impossible for to surpass humans. The existing level of civilization has evolved into an extremely high life form.
Hawking may not be the most accomplished scientist, but his persistence in science and his constant challenges to his own life. It is worth learning forever.
Let us mourn Hawking together!
This article is authorized by my friend: Bie Jiang Yun!
