The development of literature is full of controversy. Why do you say this?
For example: Li Shangyin wrote "Spring silkworms will not run out until they die, and wax torches will turn to ashes before their tears dry up." Who is it describing? Is it " The broad agreement between life and death, with Zicheng" or "The broad agreement between life and death" , "I am happy with my son"; even the classic Chinese classic "A Dream of Red Mansions" is still controversial as to whether the author is Cao Xueqin .
But as everyone knows, it is precisely in the midst of these literal-minded controversies that literature can develop rapidly. However, thousands of years of alternation between war and stability have been recurring on the land of China, and they are also happening in the literary world. In the pre-Qin period, the Songs of Chu and the Book of Songs complemented each other, and the bold and graceful schools of the Song Dynasty complemented each other.
At the same time, looking at the history of literature, it is also a history of debate. In 1919, the old literature regarded the new literature as a scourge. In 1922, the new literature camp fought against the Xueheng school. In the same year, the new literature camp argued with the retro theory. This is especially true in the literary world of modern society. At the poetry conference, Kang Zhen caused experts to question due to his controversial interpretation of "stop and sit in love with maple trees at night". Is he really wrong?
1. The weather-beaten literary figure and the up-and-coming professor
The two protagonists of this story are the weather-beaten literary dean Sun Shaozhen and the up-and-coming professor Kang Zhen.
The suffering that China suffered in modern history was also Sun Shaozhen’s time from childhood to middle age. Fortunately, Sun Shaozhen finally graduated from the Chinese Department of Peking University in 1960, but unfortunately during the anti-rightist struggle in 1957, Mr. Sun Shaozhen insisted on defending the rightists and was sent to the Chinese Department of Fujian Overseas Chinese University in 1961.
But the exiled talent can shine no matter where he is.
Since the 1980s, Mr. Sun has published more than 70 papers. In that era of bright stars, all of Sun Shaozhen's academic work and 's original theory of the three-dimensional dislocation of truth, goodness and beauty and the three-dimensional structure of image were based on it and formed a system of its own. Sun Shaozhen's academic attainments have been widely recognized by the literary world, and he has a high reputation in the circle.
In addition, whether in terms of knowledge or age, Sun Shaozhen is undoubtedly Kang Zhen's elder. Although he is not as famous as Kang Zhen, and is not as well-known as Kang Zhen for being active on the screen, he is still a senior The share is undoubtedly much higher than that of Kang Zhen.
Kang Zhen graduated from the Department of Literature of Shaanxi Normal University as a doctoral student. During his doctoral studies, he studied under the academic master Mr. Huo Songlin. As the saying goes "Famous teachers make great disciples" , and the same is true for Kang Zhen.
After that, Kang Zhen appeared on the stage of " Hundred Forums " launched by CCTV many times, and served as a judge in many variety shows including " Chinese Poetry Conference " . When the "Chinese Poetry Conference" was on the air, Kang Zhen was known to all women and children. His extremely high fame brought Kang Zhen wealth, honor and respect, and he became famous for a time.
The four words "young and promising" could not be more appropriate to apply to Kang Zhen. But there are people outside the world, and there is a sky outside the world. Although Kang Zhen's achievements are the lifelong dream of many people, they are nothing compared to Sun Shaozhen's.
Compared with Sun Shaozhen, Kang Zhen's achievement was only to learn the research methods summarized by his predecessors, and to use these research methods to obtain good results, but Sun Shaozhen created a new research method. It can be said that Kang Zhen is studying, but Sun Shaozhen is writing books. It can be seen which one of them is higher and which one is lower, which one is stronger and which one is weaker.
So what kind of sparks will be created when a talented man who is in the limelight meets an old gentleman who has no talent?
2. Things are going crazy
The story starts from the "Chinese Poetry Conference". At the "Chinese Poetry Conference", Professor Kang Zhen presented a landscape painting as a guest to the program. From the painting, we You can see the rolling hills in the distance and the jagged trees nearby. There is also an elderly man sitting alone on the bluestone leisurely, with a few fallen maple leaves scattered on his body.
Seeing this scene, the contestants quickly understood that the scene depicted in the painting was the poem "Mountain Journey" written by Du Mu. Originally, everything should have ended happily here, but the crisis came quietly at some point. The program
quickly became popular after it was broadcast, bringing a lot of traffic to CCTV and Kang Zhen himself. But there is an old saying: "There are many famous people, right and wrong." Kang Zhen, who became popular quickly, had his every move at the poetry conference monitored by flashlights, waiting to be criticized by others. There happened to be such a person named Sun Shaozhen.
Like Kang Zhen, this person is also an expert in Tang poetry, and he also has high attainments in the field of Tang poetry. After watching the episode of the Poetry Conference where Kang Zhen painted "Mountain Journey", Professor Sun immediately wrote an article criticizing the sentence "Sit in the Park and Love the Maple Forest at Night", which even third grade students know, in which the word "sit" is "because" However, as a professor, Kang Zhen expressed the meaning of "sitting" as "sit down" in the painting. This is really a serious misleading to young people.
andDong Qing,Wang Liqun did not immediately correct Kang Zhen's mistake. Apparently they also misread the meaning of "sitting".
After receiving the package of criticism sent by Sun Shaozhen, CCTV and the program team were in a state of turmoil. But nowadays, even if you search all over the Internet, you can't see Kang Zhen's masterpiece. can only find a painting that looks like Kang Zhen's handiwork, but the person in the painting is not sitting on a stone, but getting out of the car. walk.
3. Tradition in the literary world is a disaster in the entertainment world
What is the tradition in the literary world? It's an argument. In ancient times, hundreds of schools of thought contended, and hundreds of schools of thought traveled to various countries one by one, giving lectures and preaching there, vying to demonstrate the correctness of their views. Today there are red scholars who are digging into Cao Xueqin's fragmentary copy of "The Story of the Stone". Feng Qiyong and Zhou Ruchang are fighting over whether the genuine "Dream of Red Mansions" is the Gengchen version. So let’s talk about the center of this incident—the poem “Mountain Walk”.
The poem "Mountain Journey" can be said to be the most controversial poem throughout the ages. From the pronunciation of "Xie" in the first sentence "The stone path on the cold mountain is sloped" to the second sentence "There is a house deep in the white clouds", whether it is "deep" or "living place", and now in the third sentence "sitting" "The meaning of "has become a focus of debate.
Every sentence of "Mountain Journey" has something to say. With the length of its short seven-character quatrains, the ambiguity in Tang poetry is brought to the extreme. So I have to say that Du Mu deserves to be called the same as Li Shangyin, who is known as the "Poetry Ghost" "Little Li Du".
Regarding Sun Shaozhen's criticism of Kang Zhen in his article, from the perspective of the development of Chinese literary history, this is good. Only in disputes can problems be discovered and solved. I think back then, Lu Xun and Liang Qiushi's mutual sarcasm in newspapers and periodicals unexpectedly made them two great people.
Therefore, for the development of contemporary literature, we need people like Sun Shaozhen who dare to express their own views and opinions. Only the literary world that dares to speak out and argue can be dynamic and vital.
But from the perspective of the "Chinese Poetry Conference" and the perspective of a variety show, Sun Shaozhen's criticism seems a bit excessive.
First of all, Kang Zhen’s original intention of painting that picture was to make it easier for the contestants to guess the poem "Mountain Journey". If "sitting" must be understood as "because", Kang Zhen would not be able to draw it. "Because" is an abstract concept, and non-professionals cannot express it well in paintings.
Sun Shaozhen criticized not only Kang Zhen, but also Dong Qing and Wang Liqun. As soon as this statement came out, it may be nothing more than an insignificant debate in the literary world. But "Chinese Poetry Conference" is a variety show, which exists in the entertainment industry. Sun Shaozhen's remarks can easily make people in the entertainment industry question the professionalism of experts in the literary industry, thus triggering the general public's distrust of experts.
Summary:
The development of literature is full of controversy. Because the ancients liked the feeling of being dreamlike but not dreamy, real and illusory, the beauty of poetry lies in the hazyness.
Sadness is Li Qingzhao 's "Tired of combing hair every night", joy is Meng Jiao's "Seeing all the flowers in Chang'an in one day", loss is Wen Tingyun 's "Nothing is worth it", surprise is Du Fu's "The poems and books are filled with joy and joy."
The ancients always liked to express their thoughts in a subtle way, and were used to replacing urgent letters with leisurely poems. So people nowadays like to guess and think about their thoughts from the perspective of the ancients. Some guessed right, some guessed wrong, but no one knows what the truth is.
Let the truth be buried in the loess together with the Qingdeng Ancient Buddha, let the hazy romance stay in the world forever, and let us enjoy the controversial beauty of literature.
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