In the past few days, a Weibo post has hit the screen. China is about to do something unprecedented again, Mu Us is about to be destroyed!
People who eat melons: What’s wrong? What Usu?
The sky is full of flying sand, and the desert is vast. The Mu Us Desert, one of China's four major sandy lands, also known as the Ordos Sand Land, is located at the junction of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia, with a total area of 142,200 square kilometers. Since 1959, people have vigorously constructed The windbreak forest belt, water diversion and sand removal, flood diversion and siltation, and huge projects to transform the desert have been carried out.
By the beginning of the 21st century, more than million acres of sandy land had been managed, stopping sand and creating greenery. 0% The Mu Us Desert has been controlled, water and soil are no longer lost, and the annual sand transport of the Yellow River has been reduced by a full 400 million tons. Due to good rainfall, many sandy areas are now woodlands, grasslands and fertile fields. In the hinterland of the desert, Yulin City has also opened up a total of 11.6 million acres of new farmland, turning Yulin, the "desert capital", into a "desert oasis".
netizen left a message: Did I steal this oasis by stealing energy every day?
Netizen's opinion: This is the result of the joint efforts of the country and generations of local people. The real desert has turned into a forest. Those who persevere in desert afforestation are indispensable!
The yellow sand once caused the people of northern Shaanxi to suffer a lot
Nearly a hundred years before the founding of New China, the quicksand had crossed the Great Wall and invaded the south for more than 150 kilometers. In the early days of liberation, only 1.6 million acres of natural forest remained in the city, with a forest coverage rate of only 10.9%. Quicksand engulfed 11.2 million acres of farmland and pasture, and only 11.65 million acres remained in the sandy area. Our farmland is also surrounded by sand dunes. Our 13.9 million acres of our pastures have been severely desertified, salinized, and degraded. towns and 412 villages in the sandy areas have been invaded and buried by wind and sand, creating a passive situation of sand advancing and people retreating. Due to the increasingly serious soil erosion, Yulin inputs 1.53 billion tons of sediment into the Yellow River every year due to soil erosion, accounting for one-third of the amount of sediment entering the Yellow River in the middle and upper reaches.
There is a local jingle, " The mountains are as high as the bald head, and there are no trees on the beach. The yellow sand is rolling, and nine out of ten plows are not harvested." A true portrayal of people's lives. Shi Guangyin, a 66-year-old "desert control hero" in Dingbian County, recalled that when he was a child, on the boundless yellow sand ridge, the northwest wind blew from morning to night, and the several acres of "running sand land" in the village were "planted under the light. If you don't catch the seedlings, you will plant a gourd and get a gourd." The lives of the masses were miserable.
Desertification control in northern Shaanxi is a war that can only be won but not lost.
Shaanxi Province is one of the provinces in China that suffers from serious land desertification and sandification hazards. It is also an important line of defense to prevent the entry of northwest windy sand from the east and the south. It is an important area in the Beijing-Tianjin region. Source of wind and sand. However, 99% of the desertification and sandification land area is concentrated in Yulin, northern Shaanxi, located on the southern edge of the Mu Us Desert.
The Three-North Shelterbelt Project, the national return of farmland to forest and grassland project, as well as the natural forest protection project and comprehensive desert control action carried out by Shaanxi Province have greatly improved the ecological environment of Mu Us, and also made the Yulin, Shaanxi Province The city has realized the transformation from "sands advance and people retreat" to "greens advance and sand retreats".
Yulin City, the first line of desertification control, and Mu Us Desert Location
Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, is located on the frontline of desertification control. 0 For many years, it has continued to carry out large-scale sand control and afforestation campaigns of "controlling desertification in the north and soil control in the south". The city’s forest preservation area and forest cover The coverage rate has increased from 1.6 million acres of and 10.9% at the beginning of the founding of New China to the current 121.57 million acres and 133% , realizing the transition from sand entering and people retreating to people advancing and sand receding, and from barren mountains and bald ridges to With the transformation of green mountains and rivers, Shaanxi's green territory has advanced more than 1,400 kilometers northward.
The former Mu Us Desert is now full of vegetation
Pictures restore the real Mu Us Desert
Mu Us Desert
Also known as Ordos Sand Land
Located at the junction of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia provinces
It is one of the four major sandy lands in China
The total area is 42,200 square kilometers
The vast desert where no inch of grass can grow
After 40 years of tenacious resistance by humans
30% of the desert is covered with plants
80% of the desert has been successfully controlled
50 million acres of water and soil are no longer lost
The annual sediment load of the Yellow River It also reduces A total of 400 million tons
The desert turned into an oasis
It can be said to be an amazing feat
But the Mu Us Desert
is not a natural desert
Even in the 5th century (Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties)
It was a prairie with fertile water and grass
Inhabited by nomadic Huns National
On the one hand, it was the uncontrolled reclamation by herdsmen
On the other hand, it was the impact of wars between ethnic groups
Traces of human activities destroyed nature
Finally, during the Tang Dynasty
Mu Us became a small sandy land
Then it was like a contagious skin disease
The sand is expanded bit by bit
The turf was ruthlessly devoured bit by bit.
People at that time only knew how to escape.
Go to the next grassland and continue to herd sheep. l0People here have to endure sand disasters as soon as they are born
The overwhelming sandstorms
in turn impact the houses and people
The eyes and mouth are full of sand, normal
But bathing has long become a luxury
Even drinking water Save yourself the trouble and drink
Once you go out
you must use a shovel
to smash the yellow sand blocking the door
The rickety hut
If you are not careful, you may be buried alive by a sandstorm
The hero of sand control The residence of Yin Yuzhen
Such sandstorms
will continue to spread To Beijing and Shanghai
Tianjin, Nanjing...
The sharp sword of desertification
has long been pointed at the throat of every Chinese person
The ecosystem formed over hundreds of millions of years
has been destroyed by hundreds of years of modern civilization
It takes decades to restore it
Easier said than done
What's going on with Mu Us today?
↑The advancing vegetation on the Mu Us Desert
↑The emerging oasis on the Mu Us Desert
↑The former Mu Us Desert and the current cultivated land
↑Yuxi River Park, Yuyang District, Yulin City (photographed by drone on August 2, 2018 ).
↑Guo Jianjun, the grandson of Guo Chengwang (left) who is over 90 years old in Maotuan Village, Dongkeng Town, Jingbian County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, holds a tree planted by the old man in 1984. The sapling of that year has now grown into a towering tree ( Photo taken on July 31, 2018).
↑A farmhouse surrounded by green in Xinjian Village, Dongkeng Town, Jingbian County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province (photographed by drone on July 31, 2018).
↑Zhenbeitai, Yulin City, against the blue sky and white clouds (photographed by drone on August 1, 2018).
↑A car is driving on the dividing road between desert management and uncontrolled deserts in Hengshan District, Yulin City (photographed by drone on August 4, 2018).
↑A car is driving on the Yu (Lin) Jing (Bian) Expressway (photographed by drone on August 1, 2018). The Yujing Expressway passing through the Mu Us Desert is the first desert expressway built in China.
Those "foolish old men" on the front line of desertification control
New China's more than sixty years of desertification control exploration have provided a "Chinese prescription" for the world's prevention and control of desertification, and a "Chinese solution" to achieve the world goal of zero land degradation. Contributed "Chinese experience" to promote sustainable development of mankind.
Such an achievement that has attracted worldwide attention is of course inseparable from the government's investment and leadership, but it is also inseparable from the tenacity of the people in the desert areas to fight against the desert and poverty.
Some of them have become famous and have been named "Heroes of Desert Control", while many more are still quietly writing their own biographies in the desert with saplings.
◆ Desert Control Women's Volleyball Team: Several generations have been militia members of the Desert Control Company
Bulanghe Township is located in the heart of the desert. In the 1970s, 80% of the land in the township was swallowed up by desert sand, and wind and sand continued all year round. Along the nearly 100-kilometer windswept sand line, there is almost no green except for dots of camel thorns. The sand takes away fertile land, and the sand advances and people retreat. Many people are forced to leave their homes to make a living.
On May 14, 1974, in order to change the harsh living environment, 54 female militiamen with an average age of only 18 years old actively responded to the call of "planting trees and greening the motherland" and took it as their own duty to eliminate sand damage and green their hometown. They set up camp at Heifengkou, Bulanghe Township, where the severe weather was severe, and began the difficult journey of fighting against the wind and sand.
The girls of the militia company lived in Liuba nunneries and ate bitter vegetables. They relied on people to pull them on their shoulders and weaved a patch of green on the Mu Us Desert. They bulldozed more than 800 sand dunes, built 33 sand-proof and sand-fixing forest belts, and controlled 14,400 desert sands. acres, and opened up more than 20,000 acres of desert oases, making the deserts that were once barren and inaccessible full of vitality.
More than 10 female militiamen are performing routine maintenance of trees before the arrival of winter. Zhou Yongjun pointed to a female militiaman who was plowing down a big tree and said: "She is Xi Cai'e, the commander of the militia company. Several generations of her family have been militia members of the sand control company."
↑ Desert Control in Bulanghe Township, Yuyang District, Yulin City Members of the female militia company are pruning branches (photo taken on August 2). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Liu Jiyuan)
Today, in addition to desertification control and afforestation and daily management and maintenance, the girls of the militia company are also responsible for the explanation work of the company exhibition hall, telling thousands of people who come here to visit and learn. Desert control stories spread the "desert control spirit".
◆Shi Guangyin: Life is endless, desertification control is more than just
Shi Guangyin is the first national desert control hero since the founding of New China. He grew up in a sand nest and suffered from sandstorms. Since becoming the production team leader at the age of 20, he has led the masses to devote themselves to desertification control.
In early 1984, the state encouraged individuals to contract desertification control, and Shi Guangyin became the first individual to contract desertification control and afforestation in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province. In order to raise money to buy saplings, he drove the 84 sheep and a mule that his family relied on to the market, despite his wife's cries and obstruction. Under the difficult conditions of "sunbathing above, baking sand below, gnawing dry steamed buns when hungry, and drinking cold water when thirsty", he led the masses to launch waves of desertification wars.
In order to ensure that desertification control can last for a long time, Shi Guangyin established the country's first farmers' desertification control company that "joins farmers to control desertification". The company relies on the overall development strategy of "controlling desert sand, developing and utilizing desert sand", and follows the path of "company + farmers + base" to closely integrate desert control and wealth creation.
◆Yin Yuzhen: Loneliness in the desert,
She holds a basin to hold the footprints of passersby
In 1985, 19-year-old Yin Yuzhen married to Jingbeitang, Erlinchuan Village, Henan Township, Wushen Banner, Ordos. Her home is a cellar half-hidden in the desert. Apart from their home, there is only endless desert within a radius of dozens of kilometers. Sha Mian Peng, Sha Peng Zi and Sha Mi are their main cooking foods.
The most unbearable thing is the endless loneliness in the sea of sand. Yin Yuzhen clearly remembers that she saw a man passing by her door 40 days after she got married. When she ran over in surprise, the man had already gone away, so she went home and got a basin, closed the footprints, and kept them every day. The last time I saw it, it was this footprint that had accompanied her through many lonely and difficult days.
Facing the endless desert, she gritted her teeth and swore: "I would rather die of exhaustion planting trees than be bullied to death by the sand!" In the spring of 1986, Yin Yuzhen used the money she earned from working to plant 600 saplings, but in the end she only survived. She reached 10 trees, but she did not give up and kept planting trees for 30 years.
◆Niu Yuqin: "Poverty is the driving force for my struggle"
34 years ago, Niu Yuqin, the mother-in-law of northern Shaanxi, used her hands to "march into the desert" in Jinjisha Village, Dongkeng Town, Jingbian County, Yulin City, helping 110,000 people Mu Huangsha is covered with green clothes.The reporter asked her, why do you want to control desertification? She said without thinking, "It's because I'm poor. I'm so poor that I can't even finish my last meal. I'm so poor that the couple wears the same pair of pants. I'm so poor that the children are so hungry that they howl on the kang. What should I do if I don't cure the sand?"
"Then you can also choose other paths to struggle and get rich. Why do you have to control desertification?"
"There is no other way. There is nothing here." No, only sand. If I don’t control the sand, the sand will bury me alive! ”
◆Su He: He got tanned, but the “black city” became beautiful
This old man gave up his comfortable life after retirement. Come to Ejina Banner species of Haloxylon ammodendron. So far, we have successfully rescued 3,000 acres of natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest, planted more than 60,000 Haloxylon ammodendron trees artificially, and created a small oasis in the vast sea of sand. He is Su He, the former chairman of the Alxa League CPPCC.
From 2001 to 2002, at the invitation of Su He, the president of the Japan Desertification Control and Greening Association, Yuan Shan, came to the desert at the foot of Ejina Black City twice and planted 4,000 Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings. However, due to lack of management and protection and delayed water replenishment, most of the Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings died, and the effect of tree planting was very unsatisfactory. Su He was very sad to see it. He knew that if he wanted to grow these Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, someone had to stay here. However, who wants to come here? It is deserted and surrounded by vast stretches of Gobi sand. An idea popped up in the old man's mind: he wanted to come here to plant trees and take care of these Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings.
In the second half of 2004, Su He retired from his position as chairman of the Alxa League CPPCC ahead of schedule, took his wife and children to settle in the desert of Ejina Banner, and began the long road to sand control.
◆Shi Shuzhu: Spend your whole life to do one thing
In 1955, in Songhe Village, Minqin, Gansu Province, the 19-year-old passionate man Shi Shuzhu wanted to challenge the two major deserts of Badain Jaran and Tengger Desert. He wanted to control desertification. , don’t run away. When he joined the party, he swore: "Dedicate your whole life to doing one thing well."
One promise means a lifetime of struggle. He formed a desert control commando team of youth league members in the village, installed wind walls, planted tamarisk, sea buckthorn and poplar. He improved and supplemented the traditional method of sand control by solidifying the body and cutting off the top, and combined the clay sand barrier with forest enclosure, so that the fixed sand dune in turn became a barrier to protect the fields. This new model was affirmed by relevant leaders and experts and was called the "Songhe Model". The famous scientist Zhu Kezhen named it the "Minqin Model".
He often said: "As long as I can make the people rich, have clothes to wear, food to eat, money to spend, and live a happy life, I will be willing to work no matter how hard or tired I am."
◆ Wang Youde: "Fighting with sand, It’s endless fun”
30 years ago, the Baijitan Forest Farm in Ningxia was deserted and dilapidated, and people were in panic. He led the cadres and workers to build 600,000 acres of windbreak and sand-fixing forest, control nearly one million acres of quicksand, and built a 47-acre east-west stretch of sand on the edge of the Mu Us Desert with the determination of "I would rather lose ten pounds of meat than let the ecology fall behind." The green barrier is 38 kilometers wide and 38 kilometers wide from north to south, effectively preventing the southward and westward expansion of the Mu Us Desert. This is the life of Wang Youde, a desert control hero and former director of the Baijitan National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau in Lingwu, Ningxia.
He entered the forestry department in 1976. For more than 40 years, he has led cadres and workers to build ecological barriers on the wind and sand lines, and explored a "six-in-one" system of peripheral shrub sand-fixing forests, peripheral tree and shrub protection forests, and internal fruit forest, breeding industry, pasture cultivation, and desert tourism. Desert control model. He summarized and put into practice the business philosophy of feeding back society through developing the sand industry, which helped the forest farm get out of the predicament. It built more than 5,000 acres of sandy orchards and more than 5,000 acres of nurseries, set up business entities, and contracted greening projects, and fed back more than 1,000 desertification control projects every year. 10,000 yuan, which has greatly improved the ecological environment of the forest farm and the living conditions of the employees.
People say: "The present day of Baijitan is the result of Wang Youde and his colleagues working hard on the desert with their sweat!" In the cold winter months, Wang Youde led his employees to build grass squares on the sand dunes in spite of the biting cold wind; in spring When they came, they scattered grass seeds into the grass squares.In order to plant more caragana, flower sticks, and salix, they ate in the sandy area and slept in the wild...
◆ Toyama Masei: Japanese old man dyed green Chinese desert
After retiring in 1972, Toyama, a professor at Tottori University in Japan Zhengying began to study desert greening in China, traveled across the ocean many times, inspected along the Silk Road, and traveled all over China's deserts. In 1990, at the age of 84, he decided to take root in Engebe, Inner Mongolia, and work as a desert control volunteer. He lived and ate in the desert for eight or nine months every year, often working ten hours at a time. This persistence lasted for 14 years.
While conquering the desert in China with amazing tenacity and diligence, he also campaigned for China's desert control cause on Japan's most influential NHK TV station, and tearfully told his compatriots the significance of greening both sides of the Yellow River. He also held a nationwide lecture tour, calling on the Japanese to "eat one less meal per person per week" to support China's "Million Tree Planting Project" activities. Inspired by him, more than 7,300 Japanese have voluntarily joined the "China Desert Japan Greening Cooperation Team" and traveled thousands of miles to Ngebe to plant trees.
Through the unremitting efforts of several generations of volunteers, more than 3 million trees have risen from the ground, dyeing 40,000 acres of green and yellow sand. On February 27, 2004, 97-year-old Toyama Masei passed away. He said he had many regrets. One of the biggest wishes is to establish a world desert university and make Engebe a research base for world deserts. Half of his ashes were buried in his hometown in Japan and the other half in Ngebe.
There are many such "desert control heroes". The original intention of most of them to control desertification is very simple, that is, "Don't let the sand bully you to death." Their stories are all shocking.
But having said that, desertification control is a common problem for all mankind, and we cannot rely solely on the power of "heroes". Science and technology have become so advanced, but it is obviously not enough to blindly rely on "Foolish Old Man" to control desertification. We must use new technologies and new weapons to liberate the labor force and improve the efficiency of desertification control.
Please allow us to pay tribute to those famous "desert control heroes"
and to the "desert control heroes" who have not yet had time to recognize them!
likes the desert control hero!
likes this ecological miracle!
