text/Nancheng Old Dream
hidden for 40 years, and has been casting nuclear shield for the country for a lifetime
He has participated in and presided over the first atomic bomb , hydrogen bomb test, and multiple nuclear tests including the "two bombs" combined with flight tests, making outstanding contributions to the establishment of a scientific and technological system of nuclear tests with Chinese characteristics. He has made significant contributions to forging a security barrier for reform and opening up and promoting the cause of building a strong country in science and technology. He has set himself a role model for the times who promised the party and the country.
He is Cheng Kaijia, the founder of "Two Bombs and One Satellite".
On August 3, 1918, Cheng Kaijia was born in a declining businessman family in Wujiang, Jiangsu (now Wujiang District, Suzhou City). After graduating from Xiuzhou Middle School in 1937, he received admission letters from Jiaotong University and Zhejiang University. In the end, he chose Zhejiang University, which provided him with public student rewards, and studied under famous academic teachers such as Shu Xingbei, Wang Ganchang, , Chen Jiangong, and Su Buqing.
At that time, the war of the Anti-Japanese War had already burned to Zhejiang, Zhejiang University was forced to move inward, and thousands of teachers and students began to live in exile. In the midst of displacedness, Cheng Kaijia realized that backward technology is the main reason why China is backward and beaten.
It was from that time that he was determined to "save the country through science."
In 1950, Cheng Kaijia refused to keep the British mentor and resolutely returned to his poor and deserted motherland at that time. On October 16, 1964, there was a loud bang in the east, and the atomic bomb mushroom cloud rising from China's territory shocked the world.
1. Traveling across the ocean to study abroad, returning from studying to serve the motherland,
1946, Cheng Kaijia traveling across the ocean to study in the UK, studying under the famous physicist Bonn.
1948, Cheng Kaijia was awarded a doctorate degree from the University of Edinburgh. With the recommendation of his mentor Born, the Royal Institute of Chemical Industry, the UK, hired Cheng Kaijia as a researcher to conduct scientific research with Born.
At that time, even in the UK, where the material life was superior, a salary of 750 pounds was a well-paid job. But after getting his first salary in his life, something happened that hurt his self-esteem.
He came to a store in the UK selling expensive clothes and wanted to choose a fur coat for his wife. But when he checked out, he was despised by his boss. He didn't believe that yellow-skinned Chinese could afford expensive clothes. The boss called the bank to inquire, and the bank staff told him that Cheng Kaijia was a researcher at the Royal Institute of Chemical Engineering in the UK, and the boss handed him the coat.
He said: "The Chinese have no status abroad and they look down on you at all. No matter how hard I work, I can only be a second-class citizen scientist."
From then on, he began to think about returning to China.
Before leaving, Born and Cheng Kaijia had a long talk. Understanding that he had made up his determination to return to China, Born expressed his respect for his choice and did not forget to remind him: "The current environment in China is very difficult, and you will suffer a lot when you go back. Take care!" The care of the tutor
touched Cheng Kaijia and strengthened his determination to return to China.
2. Starting from scratch, he devoted himself to China's nuclear industry and returned to China, Cheng Kaijia taught at Zhejiang University and Nanjing University for ten years. Until in 1960, he was transferred to Beijing with a letter of permission. And Cheng Kaijia also "evaporated from the world".
In the early 1960s, according to the central deployment, my country would conduct the first atomic bomb explosion test within two years. At that time, both theoretically and technically, our country was blank in this field.
3 years later, Cheng Kaijia came to Lop Nur for the first time. Since then, he has devoted himself to starting China's research and nuclear testing of nuclear weapons in this "sea of death".
In the early stages of the development of the atomic bomb, Cheng Kaijia was appointed as the deputy director of the Nuclear Weapon Research Institute. He was the first to estimate the pressure and temperature of the bomb center during the atomic bomb explosion, providing a mechanical basis for the successful atomic bomb detonation.
1962, after several years of preparation, China's first atomic bomb explosion test was put on the agenda.As the general technical director, he led the scientific research and experimental team to prepare in the harsh conditions of 50 degrees Celsius at high temperatures and salty drinking water above his head, facing the flying sand and stones on the Gobi Desert.
Whether it was Cheng Kaijia or the Chinese scientific community at that time, they were facing challenges in a new field from theoretical research to atomic bomb explosion tests.
He denied the air explosion proposal put forward by experts, proposed for the first time to adopt ground blasting method, and personally formulated and organized the demonstration of the overall plan for atomic bomb explosion test. He led the team to develop instruments and equipment for testing, sampling and control, making a pioneering breakthrough in data collection during atomic bomb explosion.
On October 16, 1964, China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully, and a huge mushroom cloud soared into the air. When the first nuclear test of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union only obtained a small part of the data, more than 1,700 sets of instruments deployed by Cheng Kaijia obtained 97% of the test data. The successful detonation of the
atomic bomb has greatly enhanced my country's national defense strength, and China's nuclear industry has also begun to get on track.
3. Hidden his name, bravely climbing to the top, and devote himself to the nuclear cause of the motherland
Although Cheng Kaijia worked tirelessly and hard at work, he was not a qualified father in his family, nor was he a considered qualified husband.
Due to the confidentiality of his job, he had to hide his career from his family. For more than 20 years after being transferred to the Xinjiang nuclear test base, Cheng Kaijia has been struggling in this Gobi Desert and rarely meets his family.
According to the recollection of his daughter Cheng Shuyu, the mother is in charge of all things at home. The father always works day and night and holidays, and never mentions his work content to his home.
China's first atomic bomb exploded in 1960. My wife saw the report in the communiqué and took it home, but she didn't know anything. She never thought that this matter had anything to do with her lover Cheng Kaijia.
Although he is the well-deserved first person in China's nuclear industry, he has hidden his identity in the past twenty years, has never published papers, and has disappeared in the academic world.
"My greatest happiness in my life is that everything I do is closely linked to the motherland." Cheng Kaijia said. After the atomic bomb successfully exploded, Cheng Kaijia participated in presided over and decided on more than 30 nuclear tests including hydrogen bombs, the combination of two bombs, as well as ground, first airdrop, first underground flat hole, and first vertical shaft test. He is known as China's "nuclear commander".
4. Missing Nobel Prize , the academic regret of "China's Nuclear Commander"
From October 25 to 26, 1944, the Chinese Society of Physics held an annual meeting at the Meitan Confucian Temple to discuss common academic issues.
At this conference, Cheng Kaijia published a research article titled "Weak interaction requires 205 proton mass mesons." It is also because of this meeting that Cheng Kaijia met Dr. Joseph Needham from the UK.
Dr. Needham was quite interested in the research published by Cheng Kaijia. After asking Dr. Needham to modify it on his behalf, Cheng Kaijia asked Dr. Needham to bring this paper to Professor Dirac , who was an authoritative figure in the physics community at that time.
It is regrettable that Professor Dirac was skeptical about the views raised by Cheng Kaijia in this research article. In his reply, he arbitrarily believed: "At present, there are too many basic particles , and there is no need for more new particles, let alone mesons."
Before this, Professor Dirac personally recommended another paper by Cheng Kaijia, "Derivation of Dirac equation for free particles " to the "Cambridge Journal of Philosophy" of Cambridge University, so Cheng Kaijia was full of respect and gratitude to Dirac at that time.
Professor Dirac's reply made Cheng Kaijia give up his research in this field.
Time came to the 1970s. Cheng Kaijia's important research result was confirmed by an important experiment. This experiment confirmed that there are indeed new elementary particles in the fundamental particle world, and the particle mass measured in the experiment is not much different from the calculated value of Cheng Kaijia's theory back then.
This achievement won the Nobel Prize in 1979. Cheng Kaijia regretfully missed the Nobel Prize.
Although he missed the Nobel Prize, Cheng Kaijia's great achievements are still engraved in the hearts of the Chinese people.
Facing the needs of the motherland, even in the face of danger, he did not hesitate to ensure that the task was completed. There is a scale in his heart, and the needs of the country are everything.
"Science and technology research, innovation and exploration of the unknown, perseverance in working hard, courage to climb the peak, selfless dedication."
These five sentences are Cheng Kaijia's motto for innovative research throughout his life, and are also a motto worthy of learning and remembering by all scientific researchers.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I am Nancheng Old Dream, a program who loves writing.
