Introduction: The COVID-19 epidemic has gradually stabilized. Domestic and international health organizations have made positive contributions, especially our country’s medical staff. They have worked very hard in the epidemic prevention process. If they had not worked overtime,

Introduction: The new crown epidemic has gradually stabilized. Domestic and international health organizations have made positive contributions. Especially our country’s medical staff, they have worked very hard in the epidemic prevention process. If they had not worked overtime, the epidemic would now have It is impossible to control it so quickly. We must also thank our scientists and medical staff who have developed the new coronavirus vaccine so that citizens can be vaccinated and get through the epidemic safely.

Ordinary people also have a lot of questions about vaccination. For example, how long is the interval between the first and second shots? Will the second shot be invalid if it is taken late? Today we will answer your questions in this article.

1. How safe and effective is the new coronavirus vaccine?

The new crown vaccine is a drug developed in response to the new crown epidemic. The reason why many people have not chosen to get vaccinated is that they are worried about whether it is effective and whether it is safe.

It is true that the safety and effectiveness of the new crown vaccine are what most people are most concerned about. Although the country has policies to provide free vaccination, some people with poor physical fitness cannot be vaccinated. These are all necessary After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, there is no 100% guarantee that you will have antibodies to the novel coronavirus , and the necessary epidemic prevention measures must still be taken.

◤ Safety ◢

If you want to evaluate the safety of the new coronavirus vaccine, it is necessary to consider its ingredient impurity content, production process, technical route, antigen purity and adjuvant selection, and the dose is related .

General drugs can only be launched after reliable data has been obtained through multiple clinical trials. The relevant phase 1 experiments show that healthy adults who have been vaccinated against the new crown vaccine have no serious systemic adverse reactions, and This kind of human body already has cellular immune response and neutralizing antibodies , . This shows that when developing this vaccine, scientists already have a certain understanding of the new coronavirus. From the production process, technical route, antigen The purity of , impurity content, dosage and adjuvant selection and other aspects will be controlled to comprehensively improve the safety of the vaccine and avoid widespread adverse reactions in the vaccinated population.

◤Applicability◢

In addition to safety, what the vaccine also needs to consider is effectiveness. Being able to be widely used, the vaccine should be able to provide corresponding protection to different groups of people. can predict the effectiveness of the vaccine in three aspects. The first is the strength of the immune response, the second is the persistence of immunity, and the third is the response level of the elderly group to the vaccine.

The so-called immune response strength is how well antibodies neutralize the virus and inhibit the virus from entering cells in humoral immunity ; the so-called immune response persistence refers to the experience and cells established after the patient is infected. The level of immune response, but there are not many studies at present, and it can only be inferred based on past experience and level; The so-called response level of the elderly to vaccines refers to the ability of the elderly to resist the virus in their heart and lungs after being vaccinated. How strong.

From the researchers' Phase 3 clinical trials, the new coronavirus vaccine can effectively reduce the morbidity and mortality of new coronavirus pneumonia, and also has a relatively strong effect on some elderly groups, so it can be proven that the vaccine is effective. Although there may still be some problems with the new coronavirus vaccine, and there are still many mechanisms waiting for scientists to study, I believe that in the near future, the mysterious mechanisms of these vaccines will slowly be unveiled.

2. How long is the interval between the first shot and the second shot of the vaccine? Will the second shot be ineffective if given late?

There are still some rumors about the new coronavirus vaccine circulating on the Internet. Some people say that taking the second shot late may cause the vaccine to be ineffective. Some experts and scholars said that if the region has the ability to vaccinate, it should vaccinate as soon as possible. Now the vaccine is The state distributes the vaccine to the public free of charge. Timely vaccination can prevent and treat the new coronavirus to a certain extent, but daily protection is still inevitable.

◤Vaccine time limit◢

At the same time, after the first shot of the vaccine, the second shot is usually more than 3 weeks and completed within 8 weeks, that is, the second shot can be vaccinated in about 21 days. Some people are so busy at work that they even forget about it. In fact, even after 8 weeks, you can still take the vaccine that you have not received, so the second shot is unlikely to be ineffective, but you still have to Follow the stipulated number of days to make up for the injection. After all, it is too late and Zhen Ji may not be alive.

The new coronavirus vaccine is necessary for most people. This is because before the outbreak of the new coronavirus, almost many people in our country did not have immunity to the new coronavirus. Therefore, after the outbreak of the new coronavirus, the number of infections in our country will increase rapidly. If it is not treated and protected during this period, it will develop into critical illness and death. The importance of this new coronavirus vaccine is self-evident. After this, individuals can gain immunity to the new coronavirus, and the group can establish an immune barrier to block the spread of the new coronavirus.

However, some people are not suitable for vaccination with the new coronavirus vaccine, such as patients with acute diseases, patients who are allergic to vaccines or vaccine components, pregnant women, people with fever, and patients in the acute exacerbation of chronic diseases. These 5 Humanoids cannot be vaccinated against COVID-19.

A small reminder here is that after successfully receiving the first and second shots of the COVID-19 vaccine, people must pay attention to daily protection and cannot let down their guard until the epidemic has not been completely eliminated.

3. How to protect yourself during the epidemic?

Some areas are still experiencing a high incidence of viruses, so protection has become very important. Let’s take a look at how to protect ourselves during the epidemic.

① The items you carry with you

mainly include masks and alcohol cotton pads . You can prepare a few more masks in case the mask becomes infected and cannot be used anymore. Alcohol is mainly used when taking public transportation or in public places. When doing so, you can disinfect yourself to reduce the spread of viruses and infections.

②Measure body temperature regularly

Measure your body temperature whether before going out or after returning home. If your body temperature is abnormal, you can go to the hospital for timely treatment.

③ Keep exercising

If it is inconvenient to go out, you can exercise at home by yourself. Buying yoga mats, home exercise bikes, treadmills or dancing aerobics with others are all effective ways of exercise . These exercises do not require When we go out, we can strengthen our physical fitness and enhance our immunity, which is really good.

④ Maintain nutritional balance

The most taboo during the epidemic is lack of nutrition or nutritional imbalance. Maintain a daily supply of meat, eggs, milk and vitamins. Try not to be picky about food. Maintain a balanced nutrition and allow all organs to receive nutrients. This way our body's immunity will naturally improve. will be enhanced.

⑤ Get enough rest

During the epidemic period, you should rest well and don’t overwork yourself. Overwork is one of the most effective ways for viruses to invade the body. Maintain your energy well, rest well, and when you are energetic and energetic, the virus will not You are disturbing us wantonly.

Conclusion: The new coronavirus epidemic has brought us very heavy memories. Many people have lost their lives in this epidemic. Medical staff have worked very hard. They serve the people day and night, making everyone feel warm. Warm , however, the new coronavirus epidemic has not completely passed, and some areas have even seen a trend of becoming more popular again. Everyone should do their part to protect themselves and prevent the epidemic from becoming serious.

References:

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[5] She Huimin. New coronavirus vaccine: panoramic science popularization to answer your questions [N]. Economic Daily, 2020-05-12(008).