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In order to improve the whole society's understanding of Taihang Ancient Castle's application for World Heritage, create a strong atmosphere for everyone to participate in the application, let more people know and understand Taihang Ancient Castle, and enhance the popularity and influence of Taihang Ancient Castle, for Taihang Castle is cheering for its application for world cultural heritage. Jincheng Municipal Party Committee News Center, Shanxi Pictorial Jincheng Reporter Station and Jincheng Taihang Castle Research Institute launched a series of special reports on Taihang Castle to deeply explore the cultural connotation behind the castle and comprehensively introduce the profound historical heritage and cultural value of Taihang Castle , presenting Taihang Castle to the world as the "spokesperson" of Jincheng. (Shanxi Pictorial·Taihang Headline)
Ancient Rhythm of Landscapes and Stone Congtou
Shi Congtou Village is located in the southwest of Zezhou County, Jincheng City, our province. It is affiliated to Zhoucun Town , with a total area of about 0.37 square kilometers. In 2010, Shicongtou Village was included in the list of provincial-level historical and cultural villages in Shanxi Province; in 2014, the village was included in the third batch of Chinese traditional villages.
Shicongtou Village is located in a hilly area surrounded by mountains and rivers. The main building complex of the ancient village is located on the north bank of the Changhe River, a tributary of the Qin River . The entire village is built on a stone mountain, and there is gurgling water beside the village. Shicongtou Village Hence the name. There are currently no detailed historical records about the history of Shicongtou Village, and there is no actual evidence for the founding year of the village. However, experts speculate based on the inscriptions in the village and related historical materials that the history of Shicongtou Village can be traced back to the late Yuan Dynasty, and the village to In the early Ming Dynasty, it already had a certain scale.
Xitou Courtyard
Yingbi Courtyard
Chessboard Courtyard
There are more than ten existing historical buildings in the ancient village, mainly distributed on the north and south sides of Panjia Street in the village, extending in the east-west direction. According to the existing flower beams and inscriptions in the houses in the village, we can know that most of the existing ancient buildings in the village were built in the Qing Dynasty. Among the existing historical buildings in Shicongtou Village, the relatively complete and exquisite residential buildings mainly include Gongshang Courtyard, Xitou Courtyard, Yingbi Courtyard, Geqi Courtyard, Qipan Courtyard, etc. in the Pan Family Courtyard complex. The buildings include large temple, small temple, Guanyin Temple, etc.
The South House of the lower courtyard of Gongziyuan
Pan, Fan, Wang, and Zhang were the four major families in Shicontou Village in the Qing Dynasty. Among the residential buildings, the most valuable and representative one is the Pan family courtyard complex. The Pan Family Courtyard is the residence of the Pan family. There are 16 existing courtyards of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They are divided into east and west groups. The courtyards are all multi-entry courtyards with exquisite decoration and architectural style. The courtyards are closely connected and the layout is regular and rigorous, forming a hierarchical structure. One laneway space. The main streets and alleys are paved with bluestone strips, while the secondary streets and alleys are paved with gravel. The scale levels of the streets and alleys formed according to different functions are also clearly divided and orderly.
Gongshangyuan Gate Tower
Gongshangyuan is the largest group of courtyards in the Pan family courtyard building complex. The courtyard is built on the mountain and consists of four courtyards. The four courtyards are independent but share a common gate, and are connected by a Getong (the name of small streets in the central and southern regions of our province). The old defense system of Gongshangyuan is still relatively complete. The entire courtyard only has the main gate and a small door in the upper part for entry and exit. There are also secret passages, dark rooms and other defense mechanisms in the courtyard. It is also called the "Drawing Net Courtyard" by the villagers. It is said that during the Anti-Japanese War, this place became a refuge for most of the people in the village.
The public buildings in the village are mainly temple buildings. Although the number of temple buildings in Shicongtou Village is not as large as that of residential buildings, as important spiritual carriers of villagers’ beliefs, the large temple, small temple, Guanyin Temple and other buildings are still from the ancient village. Important historical building. Among them, the temple is not only the largest public building in the village, but also the oldest existing building in the village with clear records. According to the records on the flower beams of the main hall, it can be known that the main hall of the temple was built in the fifth year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1740). The main hall of the temple is dedicated to the Dragon King, the east wing is dedicated to the Black Tiger Lord, and the west wing is dedicated to the Ma Lord. It is said that Qing Dynasty murals are preserved on the east, south and west walls of the main hall.In addition, the small temple is also an important public building. It enshrines the statues of the gods called "Grandpa Four" and "Grandma Four" by the villagers. There are also several child-like statues placed in front of the statues. It is said that the "Fourth Grandpa" and "Fourth Grandma" are the gods in the village who protect the villagers' progeny. In the past, young people in the village would go to the small temple to ask for children after they got married. Because it is located at the intersection of two main roads in the village, the spatial location of the small temple is very important in the entire ancient village. It is the dividing node between the east and west group buildings.
Like most ancient villages in our province, Shicongtou Ancient Village not only preserves a large number of ancient buildings, but also preserves the old streets and lanes pattern in the village relatively well. The road connecting the Panjia Courtyard Building Complex, the most important building complex in the village, is Panjia Street. Panjia Street is divided into east and west sections, serving the eastern and western groups of the Panjia Courtyard respectively. The eastern section of Panjia Street and Fanjia Street are connected in the center of the village, running through the entire village from east to west, forming the main road of Shicongtou Village. In addition, Wangjia Street and Yingbi Street are also connected to form another street that can run through the village.
In addition to the rich remains of ancient buildings, Shicongtou Village also has its own unique cultural activities and folk customs. The more important intangible cultural heritages include Shangdang Bayinhui, Zezhou Yangko, etc. Every year on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, a temple fair is held in the village, and the whole village goes to the temple to worship and pray. These intangible cultural heritages are wealth worthy of inheritance and cherishment by future generations.
One courtyard and five patios
Cunbei Pavilion
Fanjia Street
Gongziyuan gatehouse
圐圀院
Chessboard West courtyard gatehouse screen wall
Shanggong Shangyuan
Shangxi courtyard
A corner of the study courtyard
Double doors standing side by side
Arched door with Bishan as a screen
Source: Shanxi Pictorial Jincheng No.
Editor: Dong Yalian Yan Huahua
Source: Xinhua No. Shanxi Pictorial Jincheng No.
