html On June 22, the competitive configuration of the Zhengdou Phase I 200MW project of the southern photovoltaic base in Garze Prefecture, Sichuan, which caused a sensation in the industry, finally came to an end. The Development and Reform Commission of Garze Prefecture officially confirmed that SPIC Sichuan Company will be the final transaction enterprise, and the on-grid electricity price is 0.1476 yuan/kWh. .
Thinking back to 2008, more than ten years ago, the concession project officially kicked off the development of commercial photovoltaic power stations in my country. At that time, the on-grid electricity price was as high as 1.09 yuan/kWh. From 1.09 yuan/kWh to 0.1476 yuan/kWh, the 86% drop in electricity prices reflects the Chinese photovoltaic industry’s tenacious struggle to pursue grid parity and its strong determination to build a new power system in the future.
Of course, price reductions are by no means achieved overnight. Polaris Solar Photovoltaic Network has sorted out the photovoltaic electricity price trends for more than ten years, among which ten "milestone" electricity prices will definitely leave a mark in the history of photovoltaics.
11.09 yuan/kWh
concession project can be described as the spiritual symbol of a generation of photovoltaic people.
In 2008, in order to promote domestic photovoltaic power generation technology progress and industrial development, and leverage the advantages of solar energy resources in the west, my country began to explore reasonable on-grid photovoltaic electricity prices for photovoltaic franchises. In December of that year, the first concession project, the 10MW grid-connected photovoltaic project in Dunhuang, Gansu, launched a bidding process. The electricity price should not be higher than 4 yuan/kWh, and the lowest price would win.
At that time, attracted a total of 18 companies to participate in the bidding. SDIC Huajing Electric Power even offered an ultra-low electricity price of 0.69 yuan/kWh, which instantly caused a sensation in the industry; the second lowest price was 1.09 yuan/kWh from China General Nuclear Power Corporation. hour.
However, in the end, the 10MW project in Dunhuang, Gansu was won by China Guangdong Nuclear Power, and SDIC Huajing Power also won the 10MW project, both with an electricity price of 1.09 yuan/kWh.
Starting from 1.09 yuan, my country's commercial photovoltaic power stations have opened a "golden era" that shines around the world.
20.7288 yuan/kWh
On June 22, 2010, in order to further explore reasonable photovoltaic on-grid electricity prices and promote the healthy development of the photovoltaic industry, the National Energy Administration launched the second batch of photovoltaic power station concession project bidding. The total scale of this bidding is 280MW, including 13 projects in Jingbian County, Yulin, Shaanxi, and Gonghe County, Qinghai.
After a lapse of three months, the results of the second batch of photovoltaic concession project bidding were released. 13 projects were divided among 7 central enterprises including Huanghe Hydropower and Guohua Energy Investment. According to the current corporate reorganization, in essence, 13 projects were divided between SPIC, The three major power generation groups, National Energy Group and Huaneng, are included in the project.
In terms of electricity prices, the lowest electricity price is offered by Huanghe Hydropower at Qinghai Gonghe 30MW photovoltaic power station, with an on-grid electricity price of 0.7288 yuan/kWh. The photovoltaic component suppliers are ENN Photovoltaic Energy Co., Ltd. and Bipijiayang Solar Energy Co., Ltd., and the inverter supplier is Emerson Network Power Co., Ltd.
31.15/1 Yuan/kWh
In August 2011, my country’s photovoltaic benchmark on-grid electricity price was officially introduced. The "Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on Improving the On-grid Pricing Policy for Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation" (Fagai Price [2011] No. 1594) clarifies that a unified national benchmark on-grid tariff will be implemented for non-tendering photovoltaic power generation projects.
Among them, for solar photovoltaic power generation projects whose construction was approved before July 1, 2011, completed and put into operation on December 31, 2011, and whose price has not yet been approved, the on-grid electricity price is uniformly determined at 1.15 yuan per kilowatt-hour (tax included, the same below).
Solar photovoltaic power generation projects approved on or after July 1, 2011, and solar photovoltaic power generation projects approved before July 1, 2011 but not completed and put into operation as of December 31, 2011, except Tibet, which still implements 1.15 per kilowatt-hour. In addition to the on-grid electricity price of RMB 1, the on-grid electricity prices in other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) are all implemented at RMB 1 per kilowatt-hour.
40.9/0.95/1 yuan/kWh
In 2013, the landmark policy "Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Industry" known as the "Eight Photovoltaic Articles" was officially released , which has a positive impact on domestic photovoltaic installations and technology development. , industrial transformation, etc. have all put forward guiding goals, and have also become a programmatic document for China’s photovoltaic counterattack.
As for the development of the new energy industry, a sound price policy is crucial. As a result, on August 26, as one of the important supplementary documents of the "Eight Photovoltaic Articles", the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Using Price Leverage to Promote the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Industry", thus opening the benchmark electricity price and pricing for three types of resource areas. Electricity price subsidy system.
zone benchmark electricity prices are applicable to projects focused on photovoltaic power stations. In 2013, the benchmark electricity prices for the first to third types of resources were 0.9, 0.95, and 1 yuan/kWh respectively; photovoltaic power generation projects will implement benchmark on-grid electricity prices or electricity price subsidy standards from the time they are put into operation, and the period In principle, it is 20 years.
From 2013 to 2015, under the three-year stable subsidy policy, the average annual newly installed photovoltaic capacity in China reached more than 10GW, and the cumulative installed capacity soared from 7GW at the end of 2012 to 43.18GW, making it the country with the largest installed photovoltaic power generation capacity in the world.
At the end of 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Improving the Benchmark Electricity Price Policy for Onshore Wind Power and Photovoltaic Power Generation", which stated that the benchmark price of wind power and photovoltaic power generation will be gradually reduced with the scale of development.
From 2013 to 2020, the photovoltaic electricity price policy has been adjusted and lowered 6 times in 8 years. Especially starting from 2019, a bidding system has been implemented for photovoltaic power station scale management. The benchmark electricity price has been changed to a guide price, and the final electricity price of the project is finalized by the bidding results.
50.42 yuan/kWh
From the above, it is not difficult to find that the electricity price subsidy system is implemented simultaneously with the regional benchmark electricity price, which is mainly applicable to distributed photovoltaic power generation projects other than those enjoying central financial investment subsidies. The standards formulated in 2013 It is 0.42 yuan/kWh.
Flexible and high-yield, close to the user side, distributed photovoltaics have been the policy "darling" since its birth. In order to steadily promote the development of the distributed photovoltaic market, when the district benchmark electricity price began to decrease year by year, the distributed photovoltaic subsidy of 0.42 yuan remained stable until 2017 and began to decrease in 2018 (see the table above for details).
60.45 yuan/kWh
The electricity price policy has brought about a sharp surge in the scale of photovoltaics, and the need for improvement is equally urgent. In 2015, the National Energy Administration and relevant departments proposed the implementation of the "Top Runner" plan for photovoltaic power generation and the construction of leading bases. Through market support and test demonstrations, we will accelerate the transformation and promotion of technological achievements into market applications and accelerate the advancement of photovoltaic power generation technology and industry. Upgrade to promote the reduction of photovoltaic power generation costs and electricity prices.
In 2015, the first photovoltaic leader base was located in Datong, Shanxi, with a total scale of 1GW, including 7 100,000 kilowatt projects and 6 50,000 kilowatt projects. 10 companies including China General Nuclear Power, China Three Gorges, Jinko, and JA Solar became the first batch of leaders. Project development enterprises, and the project on-grid electricity price is based on the benchmark electricity price, which is uniformly 0.95 yuan/kWh.
In 2016, the National Energy Administration continued to implement the second batch of front-runner projects, with the total scale expanded to 5.5GW, including Yangquan, Ruicheng, Baotou, Jining and other 8 bases.
It is worth noting that starting from 2016, front-runner projects began to adopt a competitive approach to select investment entities, and the on-grid electricity price was the main competitive condition. As a result, ultra-low electricity prices that have exceeded the benchmark electricity prices have continued to bombard the industry.
Among the eight base projects of the second batch of frontrunners in 2016, the lowest electricity price dropped to 0.45 yuan/kWh.
70.31 yuan/kWh
In September 2017, with the goal of promoting photovoltaic power generation technology progress, industrial upgrading and cost reduction, and achieving grid parity on the electricity side in 2020, the National Energy Administration issued the third batch of the Top Runner Plan. The total sub-scale is 6.5GW, including 10 application leader projects and 3 technology leader projects.
Continuing the previous policy, the application leading base mainly competes for the market competitiveness of leading technologies in the application field (on-grid electricity price), taking into account technological advancement and other factors; the technology leading base mainly competes for the latest research and development cutting-edge technological advancement, taking into account the expected market competitiveness (future cost reduction) and other factors.
In 2018, investors in the third batch of 13 front-runner projects have landed. Among the top ten application front-runner projects for which on-grid electricity prices are the main competitive configuration conditions, the lowest electricity price has dropped to 0.31 yuan/kWh.
80.26 yuan/kWh
By 2019, my country’s photovoltaic scale management system has begun to undergo major changes. The National Energy Administration no longer distributes annual construction indicators. Except for photovoltaic poverty alleviation and household photovoltaics, the rest of the photovoltaic power generation projects require state subsidies. All must adopt competitive allocation methods such as bidding. Projects are organized by local governments through competitive allocation methods such as bidding. On-grid electricity prices are the main competitive conditions, and the state determines the subsidy list through ranking based on the subsidy amount.
In 2019, the subsidy bidding project subsidies totaled 2.25 billion yuan. In the end, a total of 3,921 projects entered the subsidy list, with a total scale of 22.79GW, including 366 centralized photovoltaic projects, with a scale of 18.1GW; and 473 distributed photovoltaic projects with a scale of 564.9%. MW; there are 3,082 distributed photovoltaic projects for self-use and grid-connected surplus power, with a scale of 4.1GW.
In the 2019 subsidy bidding project, the lowest on-grid electricity price is 0.2795 yuan/kWh.
However, in the 2019 Front Runner Incentive Project, competition in electricity prices has become more intense.
In May 2019, the National Energy Administration added the same amount of scale to the three bases that were connected to the grid for power generation on schedule, passed the acceptance inspection, and whose electricity prices had the largest decrease compared with the benchmark electricity price of photovoltaic power generation among the 10 leading bases for photovoltaic power generation applications in the third phase. Reward incentives. In the end, Baicheng, Dalat, and Sihong each obtained 500MW targets.
In the bidding of the 1.5GW leader incentive project, the on-grid electricity price was as low as 0.26 yuan/kWh.
90.2427 yuan/kWh
Photovoltaic power generation projects that require state subsidies in 2020 will continue to implement competitive allocation, with a total subsidy of 1 billion yuan. In the end, 434 projects entered the subsidy list, with a total scale of 25.97GW, including 295 ordinary photovoltaic power stations with a scale of 25.6GW; 137 fully grid-connected distributed photovoltaic projects with a scale of 330MW; and 2 self-owned and surplus grid-connected distributed photovoltaic projects. Scale: 8,000 kilowatts.
Among the 2020 subsidized bidding photovoltaic projects, the lowest electricity price is 0.2427 yuan/kWh, which is the 100MW project in Haixizhou, Qinghai. The main investor of the project is Yellow River Hydropower.
00.1476 yuan/kWh
On May 14, the Sichuan Garze Prefecture Public Resource Trading Platform released the "Competitive Allocation Implementation Plan for the Zhengdou Phase I Project (200,000 kilowatts) of the Southern Garze Prefecture Photovoltaic Base (200,000 kilowatts)". This document is correct The photovoltaic resources, delivery conditions, project location, land properties, etc. of the Dou Phase I base were clarified, and it was pointed out that the project development rights will be allocated to the enterprise that meets the qualification requirements and declares the lowest on-grid tariff.
html On June 16, the bidding for the first phase of the 200MW photovoltaic base in Zhengdou, Ganzi Prefecture was officially opened. According to media reports, a total of 269 investment companies signed up to bid for the project, of which 24 companies paid deposits, 23 companies entered the on-site bidding, and the final 17 companies The enterprise enters the quotation stage.
html On June 17, the competitive allocation results of the 200MW photovoltaic project were announced. State Power Investment Group Sichuan Electric Power Co., Ltd., Huaneng Sichuan Energy Development Co., Ltd., and Sichuan Shengtian New Energy Development Co., Ltd. were shortlisted as project winning candidates. The declared electricity price per kilowatt hour was Falling below 0.2 yuan.
On June 22, the final bidding results were officially released, and the State Power Investment Corporation won the development rights at a price of 0.1476 yuan/kWh. At the same time, the minimum on-grid electricity price for domestic photovoltaic projects has also been officially rewritten.
However, according to the bidding documents, the transaction company needs to sign a development contract within 10 working days from the end of the public announcement (June 21), and register it with Sichuan Provincial Energy Bureau within 3 months. The following year, that is, full capacity will be reached by the end of 2022. Grid-connected power generation (except for force majeure factors), if it is not completed on time, the development rights will change hands. Sichuan new energy market news also revealed that the SPIC project has been cancelled. However, after consulting relevant people within SPIC, no relevant information was obtained. Polaris Solar Photovoltaic Network will also continue to pay attention.
Source: Polaris Solar Photovoltaic Network, Author: Shui Qimu
