Today in Sasha's history.
Author: Sasha
This article was originally written by Sasha, please refuse any media reprint
A phone call caused 182 deaths? February 16, 1998: China Airlines Flight 676, bound for Taiwan from Bali, Indonesia, crashed on landing at Chiang Kai-shek International Airport, killing 202 people.
On February 16, 1998, China Airlines Flight 676 took off from Bali Airport in Indonesia , bound for Taiwan Chung Cheng International Airport (today's Taoyuan). international airport).
Passenger aircraft No. 676 is a Airbus A300 passenger aircraft, delivered to China Airlines in 1990, has flown more than 20,000 hours in 1998 without any problems.
There were 182 passengers on board, including 8 foreign passengers. In the first-class cabin sat Xu Yuandong, the president of the Central Bank of Taiwan, a big man and a celebrity. His wife, a director of the Taiwanese government and some celebrities in Indonesia's financial circles were also on the plane.
On the plane, there were also the wife and two children of Captain Kang Longlin.
There are 14 crew members on the 676th flight,Among them, the 49-year-old captain Kang Longlin has been flying with China Airlines for 8 years, with a total flight time of 7,000 hours, of which more than 2,300 hours are flying A300 passenger aircraft, and his experience is still good. The 44-year-old co-pilot Jiang Desheng joined the company in 1996, and his total flight time is more than 3,000 hours, but the A300 passenger aircraft only has more than 300 hours.
These two were originally Taiwanese Air Force pilots, and they were both with the rank of colonel when they retired. When they were in the Air Force, they all had rich flying experience, and their overall quality was excellent.
Passenger plane 676 took off at 3:00 pm and flew over the Chung Cheng Airport at 8:00 pm, ready to land.
I don't know why, but when it is about 20 kilometers away from the airport, the flight altitude of the passenger plane is high and it is not suitable for landing.
According to the records of the black box , the plane was originally piloted by First Officer Jiang Desheng. Due to the high altitude of the passenger plane, Jiang Desheng hesitated, and Kang Longlin decided to dismantle and drive.
After all, Kang Longlin has a lot of experience, and Jiang Desheng has only been flying for more than 300 hours.
But after Kang Longlin flew for 10 seconds, he found that the altitude was still too high, and it was not aligned with the runway.
At this time, the airport tower asked if he wanted to go around, and Kang Longlin said decisively that he needed to go around.
At this moment, the captain and co-pilot had some tense conversations:
Kang Longlin: "No, the altitude is high, go back to fly! Go ahead with the fuel!"
Jiang Desheng: "Yes Captain!"
Kang Longlin: "Pull the lever,Pull the stick to go around!
Jiang Desheng: "Okay, okay!" "
Kang Longlin: "Quickly retract the landing gear!"
Jiang Desheng: "Put down the landing gear?" "
Kang Longlin: "The landing gear is retracted!" keep it!
Jiang Desheng: "Retract the landing gear!" "
Kang Longlin: "Put the flaps!
Jiang Desheng: "Yes, put away the flaps !" "
These operations are all without problems, and the captain and co-pilot did it very quickly.
So, flight 676 is ready to make a circle and land on the airport runway.
Strangely, when the aircraft went around and climbed, there was an abnormal situation, the nose suddenly lifted at a high elevation angle, and it flew continuously for 11 seconds.
Normally, the A300 is not needed during the go-around The pilot operates, but directly uses autopilot.
The aircraft will climb smoothly, and then automatically turn to level flight.
The passenger aircraft was preparing to land, and the flight speed was very slow. Now it climbs at a low speed and a high elevation angle, There was a sharp deceleration after a few seconds.
The A300 airliner is huge and will crash quickly if it stalls at ultra-low altitude.
At this time, the air traffic control of the Taipei approach station found that the attitude of the No. 676 aircraft was abnormal through the radar , and immediately communicated.
If contact is made, there may be a chance for 676 to survive.
But flight 676 landed at the airport at this time, so the communication has been switched to the airport control tower, and the call from Taipei ATC could not be heard.
The air traffic control at the airport tower responded slowly, and it was more than ten seconds later when the aircraft 676 seemed to have an abnormal attitude.
Control tower hurriedly contacted passenger plane 676, so the following dialogue appeared:
Control tower: "China Airlines 676, confirm the go-around?"
Kang Longlin: "676 confirms the go-around! OMG! OMG!"
The stall siren sounded very rapidly in the cabin.
Kang Longlin shouted nervously: "Turn on autopilot! Turn it on!"
At this time, the passenger plane had already stalled and started to fall.The height is very low and extremely dangerous.
Various alarms resounded in the cab: "Terrian Terrian——" "pull up! pullup!"
Tower: "China Airlines 676, if you can't land, you can go around. China Airlines 676, if you can't land, you can go around!
The captain and co-pilot found that the joystick was almost ineffective, and they were all panicked and had no time to communicate with the tower.
It was Captain Kang Longlin who was controlling the plane, but he was so nervous at the last moment that he mistakenly thought it was the first officer, Jiang Desheng.
As a result, the two had conflicting conversations.
Kang Longlin shouted: "Pull it up! Pull it up!"
The alarm sounded "pull up! Pullup!"
Jiang Desheng: "The height is too low! Pull it up!
"pull up! pull up!"
Kang Longlin: "It's over! It's over! Pull up and pull up!"
"pull up! Pull up!"
Boom! boom! boom! (hitting the ground)
After just a few seconds,The airliner crashed outside the airport with a massive explosion.
As a result of the crash and explosion, all 196 people on board were killed and none survived.
More unfortunate is that the plane crashed near 4 residential buildings and also affected a car. All five people in the car were killed, one was killed in the house, and many others were injured.
The crash was extremely tragic, and it was on the edge of the airport, so the impact was huge.
A young reporter is urgently dispatched to the scene to cover the crash for the first time.
This interview left a psychological shadow on him.
He recalled that there was no bloody smell at the scene, but a smell similar to burnt things and grilled meat, which was very pungent.
When the plane crashed, some passengers were smashed to pieces, and the ground nearby was covered with shredded meat and stump limbs.
Because firefighters sprayed a lot of foam to put out the fire, people can't see the meat on the ground at all, and only know when they step on it.
This reporter shivered with fright after stepping on multiple stumps in a row, and prayed to the dead: Don't be surprised, everyone, I'm here to work, not on purpose to step on you. I will definitely burn incense and paper for you afterwards, don't blame me.
He also noticed that dozens of wild dogs were running in the vicinity, and no matter how the police and firefighters chased them away, they would not leave.
Started reporters puzzled,Then I suddenly realized that the wild dog was attracted by the smell of barbecue.
10 years after this interview, the reporter has never eaten barbecued meat, and even vomited subconsciously when he smelled it.
Some media believe that the weather on the day of the accident was normal, and the plane crashed suddenly without any malfunction, which is very strange. The first and second captains have rich experience, so there should be no low-level mistakes.
Captain Kang Longlin took his wife and two children on the plane, and then the whole family died on the plane, which is a strange thing.
Some media speculate that there is something wrong with Kang Longlin, who deliberately took his family to crash the plane and committed suicide?
In addition, some Taiwanese media with great powers get some key information from the airport tower. During the critical period of the go-around, the tower found serious interference with the communication with the No. 676 passenger plane. It was suspected that some passengers turned on their mobile phones to talk casually.
Some media deduced from this, that it was the interference of mobile phone signals, which affected the normal communication between the tower and the pilot of the airliner, resulting in coordination errors between the two sides, and eventually the plane crashed. The culprit, then, is the passenger who made the phone call. Many people think that the passengers who dare to make phone calls are not ordinary people, they may be the bank president Xu Yuandong and his group.
More exaggerated stuff. Some media said that Captain Kang Longlin was born in the military, has always been loyal to the Taiwan government and the army, and has a hot personality.
And Xu Yuandong is a person who is inclined to Taiwan independence,He has repeatedly called the government a foreign regime and even asked Taiwan to establish its own regime.
The media thought it might be that Kang Longlin was dissatisfied with Xu Yuandong, but a small pilot would definitely not be able to fight against the financial giant, so he simply crashed with him.
Subsequent investigations found these claims to be problematic, even absurd.
First of all, Kang Longlin's relatives have come forward, saying that their husband and wife are in harmony, and they love their children very much.
Taking a step back, there are many ways to commit suicide. Why crash?
Colleagues and friends also said that before the crash, Kang Longlin's family was normal and did not see any suicidal tendencies. In particular, Kang Longlin's friends believe that he is free and easy, enthusiastic, positive and optimistic, and has never committed suicide in the slightest.
According to the background investigation of Kang Longlin, it was not found that he had any emotional entanglements, work disputes, huge debts, and there was no motive to fly the plane and take the whole family to commit suicide.
Most importantly, according to the analysis of the black box, Kang Longlin tried his best to restore the normal attitude of the plane before the crash, but it failed.
If it was suicide, Kang Longlin's actions cannot be explained.
In addition, the investigation showed that Kang Longlin and Xu Yuandong did not know each other, did not have any social interaction, and did not even know that Xu Yuandong was on this plane.
And Xu Yuandong's family also stated,His Taiwan independence remarks are mainly made in small circles, but not in public.
70-year-old Xu Yuandong is very smart and usually does not reveal his political views.
why? During his college days, Xu Yuandong was arrested in the 228 Incident and was detained for more than a year before being released. Since then, Xu Yuandong has been very cautious in politics and is unwilling to cause trouble.
It is absolutely impossible for Kang Longlin to know that Xu Yuandong said some Taiwan independence remarks in private, and it is impossible for him to crash the plane because of this. This is absurd logic.
The only thing that is more reliable is that before the crash, someone did call, causing communication interference.
After analysis, the plane crashed in a very short time after the go-around. The airport tower had only communicated with the passenger plane once, and then the plane crashed. Well, cell phone communication does affect aircraft communication, but it has nothing to do with the plane crash.
Repeated analysis of the aircraft wreckage found no trace of mechanical failure.
So what was the reason for the crash of the 676th flight?
After repeated simulations of the situation at that time, Airbus finally made a discovery.
Four years ago, China Airlines Flight 140 crashed in Nagoya, Japan, killing 264 of the 271 people, only 7 survived. It was very tragic.
post-mortem,The crash occurred because the go-around switch on the Airbus A300 was on the throttle stick. Once pulled by mistake, the go-around mode is triggered, requiring a series of complicated operations to disengage. This design was an inherent problem with the A300, causing multiple minor accidents over 10 years. Airbus' solution is to train pilots in special situations to deal with such unexpected situations. But China Airlines does not have its own A300 simulation cabin, and the pilots can only go to Thailand for training. The simulation cabin in Thailand has a problem. It is the latest upgraded simulation cabin of Airbus. This simulation cabin is aimed at the latest model of the A300. Once the go-around mode is triggered by an error, just push the throttle stick down to cancel the setting directly.
It is extremely difficult for this kind of error to enter the go-around. This training is only symbolic and no one pays attention.
However, the biggest problem with No. 140 is that the first and second captains are all newcomers. Although the captain has extensive flying experience, it has only been one year since he changed from Boeing 747 to A300, and the co-pilot has just joined the company for one year.
Both were at a loss after the co-pilot accidentally entered go-around mode by mistake. They just shoved the joystick as they were trained to try to get rid of the problem. The simulation cabins in which the two newcomers were trained were completely different from this aircraft. No matter how much they pushed, the go-around mode could not be released, the plane was still climbing at a low speed, and eventually it stalled and crashed.
As a result of this serious accident, Airbus has reconfigured all China Airlines A300s.
When the pilot depresses the stick with a force of more than 15 kg, the autopilot can be forcibly turned off and the go-around mode is released.
But Airbus didn't realize that this change is also a security risk.
When the passenger plane 676 landed, it was found that the flight altitude was too high, so the landing was unsafe, and a go-around was required.
Objectively speaking, there is no problem with the pilot's judgment, and this operation is correct. The key is that after the aircraft goes around, it should have been the autopilot to control the aircraft to complete the go-around.
But I don't know which pilot inadvertently pressed the stick while landing, causing the autopilot to be disengaged.
The alarm for autopilot was released, and it was turned off at will.
During the first 11 seconds of the go-around, the two pilots had no idea that the aircraft was on autopilot, and neither took any action.
The aircraft climbed unmanned at low altitude and quickly changed to elevation angles as high as 40 degrees, resulting in a sharp reduction in speed.
Just 11 seconds before and after, the pilot suddenly found that the autopilot had been released and the plane was out of control, and hurried to remedy it. But the altitude of the plane was too low at this time, the stall was too fast, and it was difficult to recover from any operation, and it finally crashed.
After all, Airbus, to correct one error, caused another.
After this incident, the then director of the Civil Aviation Bureau of the Ministry of Communications Cai Dui took the blame and resigned.Fu Junfan, general manager of China Airlines, was dismissed.
Finally, there are 3 details.
The first detail is that one of the flight attendants in the crash of Flight 676 was originally the flight attendant of Flight 140 that crashed four years ago. At that time, she took a leave of absence temporarily, and the airline asked other flight attendants to take the class, but the unfortunate girl who took the class died.
The flight attendant who survived was a little girl at the time. She thought she would be lucky if she survived the disaster, and married her boyfriend 3 years later.
Unexpectedly, she still died in the plane crash of No. 676 less than a year after the wedding, which is quite the meaning of the movie " Death is coming ".
Maybe Hell The book of life and death says that you must die in a crash, and it is useless to escape.
The second detail is that the accident was mainly caused by Airbus, but the pilot's misoperation was the direct cause after all.
China Airlines dropped 2 A300s in 4 years and was under a lot of pressure, forcing all A300 pilots to undergo rigorous simulation tests again. Unexpectedly do not know, a test shocked. In each simulation test, more than a dozen pilots failed.
It is said that the newly appointed CEO of China Airlines was extremely annoyed, thinking that it is normal for such a pilot to have an accident. He ordered all A300s to be grounded, all pilots to retake the test, and all those who failed to pass were fired.
The third detail is that the Taiwanese hostess Bing Jiaqi was a China Airlines stewardess.
Bing Jiaqi was 23 years old at the time of the crash of No. 676. She has studied ballet since she was a child, and she looks good and has a good temperament. Her father was a pilot, so she also joined China Airlines at the age of 20 and signed a contract for 3 years. However, after the crash of passenger plane 676, Bing Jiaqi, as a newcomer, was arranged to join the aftermath group, mainly receiving the families of the deceased and participating in funeral work.
Witnessing the tragic scene of the plane crash, the mutilated remains and the family members who were dying, the young soldier Jiaqi was greatly stimulated and vowed never to go to heaven again. After the three-year contract time expired, although China Airlines intended to continue hiring her, Bing Jiaqi flatly refused, and instead joined the showbiz, playing a small role for more than ten years.
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