Characteristics, sources and hazards of formaldehyde
Characteristics of : colorless gas with a special irritating smell. The 40% aqueous solution is commonly known as formalin . The release period of formaldehyde generated by decoration is as long as 3-15 years. As the temperature rises, the volatilization rate increases.
Source: It mainly comes from composite boards such as plywood, large core board, medium fiber board, particle board (particle board) and formaldehyde-containing formaldehyde. Used as preservatives in coatings, chemical fiber carpets, cosmetics and other products. Indoor smoking, industrial waste gas, automobile exhaust, photochemical smog, etc. can all emit or produce a certain amount of formaldehyde to a certain extent;
Hazards: Long-term exposure to low-dose formaldehyde can cause chronic respiratory diseases, nasopharyngeal cancer, and colon Cancer , brain cancer , menstrual disorders, nuclear gene mutations, pregnancy syndrome; cause chromosomal abnormalities in newborns, leukemia ; cause memory and intellectual decline in teenagers. When the concentration is higher, it can cause nausea, vomiting, coughing, chest tightness, asthma and even pulmonary edema; when it reaches 30 mg/m³, it will cause death immediately.
Characteristics, sources and hazards of benzene series (benzene, toluene , xylene )
Characteristics: is a colorless, sweet and transparent liquid at room temperature, and has a strong aromatic odor . Benzene is flammable, highly toxic and a carcinogen. It can enter the human body through the skin and respiratory tract, and is extremely difficult to degrade in the body;
Source: Mainly smoke from burning tobacco, solvents, paints, dyes, fax machines, computer terminals and printers, adhesives, wallpapers, carpets , synthetic fibers and detergents;
Hazards: Benzene can cause bone marrow and genetic damage, reduce the number of red blood cells , white blood cells , platelets , and cause chromosomal aberrations, aplastic anemia , and even Causes leukemia. Inhalation of benzene during pregnancy can cause the fetus to be underweight, delay bone development, and cause congenital defects in the fetus. The damage caused by benzene to the nervous system is manifested by symptoms such as headache, insomnia, listlessness, memory loss, and other neurasthenia. In addition, it has an irritating effect on the skin, mucous membranes, etc.
TVOC (hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons , oxygen hydrocarbons, nitrogen hydrocarbons) sources and hazards
TOVC includes: benzene series, organic chlorides, Freon series, organic ketones, amines, alcohols, ethers, esters, Acid and petroleum compounds, etc.;
Source: home textiles, automobile exhaust;
Harm: TVOC can cause imbalance in the body's immune level, affect the function of the central nervous system, and cause dizziness, headache, drowsiness, weakness, chest tightness and other symptoms. Symptoms; it may also affect the digestive system, causing symptoms such as loss of appetite and nausea. In severe cases, it can damage the liver and hematopoietic system , and cause allergic reactions.
Characteristics, sources and hazards of radon
Characteristics: Radon is the main natural radioactive element in the air, 10nm, colorless and odorless;
Source: Mainly derived from building stones, marble, basements, and adjacent basements Houses and airtight rooms are more serious;
Harm: After radon gas enters the lungs, it decays into polonium, lead, and bismuth radioactive isotopes , which adhere to the surface mucosa in the form of metal ions, causing damage to cells. It has been confirmed that radon gas and its progeny are one of the main harmful factors causing lung cancer in humans.
