1. General requirements
(1) The indoor anti-leakage detail structure node method is strictly implemented in the "Construction Quality Acceptance Code for Building Ground Engineering" (GB50209-2010), "Technical Specification for Residential Indoor Waterproofing Engineering" (JGJ298-2013) and other specifications On the basis of standards, the waterproofing details of each key part in the floor waterproofing project of the building are unified to standardize the construction and achieve the purpose of preventing leakage.
(2) Waterproofing practices involved in floor and floor projects must comply with the requirements of the design drawings.
(3) Before the construction of waterproof projects (including waterproof base construction) and before the construction of floor and floor projects, the project quality engineer must organize technical personnel from supervision and construction units to conduct a joint review of drawings to master the waterproof technical requirements of the main body and detailed structure of the project; waterproof construction The contracting unit must prepare a waterproofing project construction plan and submit it to the supervision unit and the engineering department of the construction unit for approval one month in advance before construction can begin.
(4) Floor concrete: The self-waterproofing of the floor structure is an important part of the floor waterproofing. In order to improve the self-waterproofing performance of the floor and avoid structural cracks, the slump of the floor concrete can be reduced and the concrete should be poured densely. , surface compaction and lightening and other construction measures. Kitchens and bathrooms and floors with waterproofing requirements should be structurally sealed for 24 hours. Any leaks found should be treated before waterproofing.
(5) A waterproof layer must be installed on the floors of kitchens and bathrooms and buildings with waterproof requirements. Except for door openings, a cast-in-place concrete sill should be made upward around the kitchen and bathroom and floors with waterproofing requirements. The height should be 200 mm higher than the finished surface of the floor of the adjacent room. It is suitable for the floor slabs to be poured at the same time; the kitchen and bathroom construction is completed The ground elevation should be at least 2 cm lower than the ground in other indoor rooms. Where water supply, drainage and gas riser pipes pass through the floor of the building, metal casings should be installed.
(6) The reserved holes for water pipes and other pipes should be placed correctly, and the shape of the holes should be large at the top and small at the bottom.
(7) Before filling the reserved holes in the cast-in-place slab, the holes should be cleaned, textured, and the interface agent should be applied as the bonding layer. The filling of the hole is poured in two steps. First, micro-expanded fine stone concrete mixed with anti-cracking and anti-seepage agent is poured to 1/2 the thickness of the floor. After the concrete solidifies, a 4-hour water storage test is conducted; after there is no leakage, use mixed The cement mortar of the anti-crack and anti-seepage agent is packed tightly. After the pipeline is installed, a 24-hour water storage test should be conducted around the pipe, and a waterproof layer should be made after there is no leakage or leakage.
(8) Before constructing the waterproof layer on the floor of a building, the surroundings of the floor should be cleaned and the inner corners should be rounded into small rounded corners. The flashing height of the waterproof layer shall not be less than 300 mm (the completed surface of the adjacent room), and shall comply with specifications and design requirements.
(9) The drainage slope of the floor leveling layer toward the floor drain is 1% to 1.5%, and the floor drain opening is 5 mm lower than the adjacent ground.
(10) Indoor pipes should not be buried by slotting on the structural plate. When slotting is necessary, the depth of the slot should not exceed the thickness of the protective layer of steel bars. After the pipe is buried, it must be filled with cement mortar.
(11) After the construction of floors with waterproof requirements is completed, a 24-hour water storage test should be conducted. The minimum depth of water storage is 20 mm. If there is no leakage or leakage, it is qualified.
(12) Within 300 mm from the root of the flue upward, polymer waterproof mortar should be used for painting.
2. waterproof material selection requirements
2.1 Indoor coating waterproof layer thickness
Note: 1. asphalt category waterproof coating shall not be used indoors in residential buildings
2. The bathroom and bathroom floors of functional rooms should be equipped with waterproof layers, and the walls , The ceiling should be equipped with a moisture-proof layer, and the door should have measures to prevent water from overflowing.
2.2 Standard practice selection table for bathroom waterproofing layer
2.3 Standard practice selection table for kitchen waterproofing layer
2.4 Standard practice selection table for closed balcony waterproofing layer (with water supply and drainage points)
3 3. Concrete reverse sill setting requirements
4. Detailed nodes Structure
4.1 Kitchen and bathroom waterproofing
Kitchen and bathroom wall and floor waterproofing method diagram
Kitchen and bathroom wall and floor moisture-proof layer method diagram
Description:
1. It is forbidden to use asphalt waterproof coatings for indoor waterproofing; single-component polyurethane coatings are preferred , Polymer cement waterproof coating, it is strictly prohibited to add xylene and other organic solvents in the process
.
2. Waterproof thickness: ①Thickness of waterproof layer, coating film thickness ≥1.2mm on wall and ≥1.5mm on ground. ②The thickness of the moisture-proof layer of is ≥1.0mm.
Description of key points in quality control during the construction process
1. Concrete reverse sill formwork should not use pull screws to reduce the risk of leakage. The root of the pipe well wall in the bathroom must be made of concrete. Grooves should be left in advance on the wall where pipes are to be laid.
2. Recommended practice: The partition wall guide wall is formed at one time along with the structure.
3. The remaining mortar, hard lumps and protruding parts on the concrete floor floor must be shoveled away, and dust, debris, etc. must be swept away.
4. Casings should be left where the pipes pass through the floor beams, and the waterproofing and casings should be overlapped.
5. In order to reduce the difficulty of waterproofing construction, water supply and electrical pipelines should be laid from the ceiling into the kitchen and bathroom; it is prohibited to pass under the bathroom door.
6. When plastering the wall, the surface layer should be smoothed with a wooden trowel.
7. The junction between the wall and the ground should be rounded, r = 20mm; the pipe root should be filled fully and evenly with sealing paste.
8. When using polymer cement waterproofing materials, add them in strict accordance with the proportion and mix thoroughly. Adding too much powder may lead to reduced waterproof performance, cracking and other phenomena.
9. Additional layer construction: first paint the wall root and pipe root with waterproof coating, and then lay a reinforcing layer of flexible material such as alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth ≥ [(30-50) g/㎡], on the ground and wall The surface/pipe are each 100mm wide.
10. The waterproof thickness and height should comply with specifications and design requirements.
11. At the inner corners and tube roots, be careful not to allow accumulation when painting, otherwise cracking may occur.
12. When water pipes are turned up from the ground, grooves should be made on the wall first, and then the pipelines should be laid after waterproofing.
4.2 Moisture-proof treatment at the door of a room with water
Make a node diagram first for the door stone (recommended practice)
Make a node diagram after the door stone
Description:
1. The connection between the wood and bamboo surfaces adjacent to the toilet, bathroom, kitchen and other wet rooms It should be waterproof (moisture-proof);
2. The doorway should be made with a water-blocking sill, and the top surface of the water-blocking sill should be 5-10mm away from the bottom of the doorstep stone. The doorstep stone should be fully glued with adhesive;
3. The door frame and the back side of the door need to be Use clear oil, anti-corrosion and moisture-proof treatment;
4. The waterproof layer material should be a single-component polyurethane coating or according to the design requirements.
Description of key points in quality control during the construction process
1. Wall and floor waterproofing shall be constructed to 500mm outside the door, 200mm wide through the opening on both sides, and 300mm high on the upper wall. Take protective measures after painting, and apply a protective layer in time after curing.
2. The frame of the kitchen and bathroom should not fall to the ground. The door stone must extend into the bottom of the frame. The gap between the door stone and the frame should be smoothed with waterproof mortar. The height of the frame 500mm from the ground should be painted with anti-corrosion paint .
3. It is recommended to use stone moldings for the door cover line feet on the bathroom side.
4. Leave a 3mm gap between the lower opening of the door frame and the door stone, and apply sealant.
5. How to install the door stone first: After the waterproofing is completed, position the door stone according to the finished surface line of the wall, and use adhesive to fully glue it.Fill and smooth the gaps between the door stone and both sides of the door opening, as well as the cross-section of the bonding layer. After drying, repaint the waterproof layer. The waterproof layer should reach the sides of the door stone.
6. When the water is closed, the water surface should exceed the adhesive layer. After 24 hours of water closure, observe whether there is leakage on the outside.
7. The wet-pasting method on the ground has higher requirements on the base layer, and the base layer needs to be strictly leveled and sloped.
4.3 Shower room dark water retaining platform
Bathroom dark water retaining platform node method
Bathroom exposed water retaining platform node method
Description:
1. When there is no water retaining sill in the shower room and the method of lowering the board is used, a dark wall is set up around the shower room. Water retaining sill to prevent water seepage in the shower room;
2. When the floor is thin and it is difficult to lower the shower room floor, it is advisable to use a stone exposed water retaining sill to separate the dry and wet areas;
3. When part of the bathroom wall is partitioned by floor-to-ceiling glass, the bathroom The waterproofing must be sealed with the glass partition to prevent moisture from escaping and causing the room floor to become damp;
4. The waterproof material can be a single-component polyurethane coating or according to the design requirements.
Explanation of key quality control points during the construction process
1. The exposed water retaining sill should not be lower than the two side layers to ensure that moisture cannot spread from the wet area to the dry area.
2. The elevation of the top surface of the concrete retaining sill should be 10-15mm from the bottom surface of the surface layer to reduce the moisture diffusion area. When paving stone materials, wet waterproof mortar should be applied.
4.4 Kitchen and bathroom floor drain
Description:
1. This node is suitable for anti-leakage treatment of floor drain nodes in kitchens, bathrooms, balconies, etc.;
2. The slope of the floor facing the floor drain should not be less than 1%, and the floor drain opening should be larger than The finished surface of the floor is 2 to 5mm lower;
3. The waterproof layer must be closely combined with the floor drain;
4. Apply sealant around the floor drain, and the waterproof layer must be an additional layer at this location;
5. It is recommended to use pre-embedded water-stop joints to enhance waterproof performance : During the construction of the structural floor slab, the water stop section is directly installed on the floor
slab formwork, and the water stop pipe body is poured into the concrete of the structural floor slab at one time.
Explanation of key points in quality control during the construction process
1. The waterproof layer should be painted evenly and tightly integrated with the floor drain.
2. It is recommended to use pre-embedded water-stop joints to enhance waterproof performance.
4.5 Sunken bathroom caisson side floor drain
sunken bathroom waterproofing method
side floor drain waterproofing method
Description:
1. The height of the sinking plate in the caisson bathroom should be based on the bathroom pipeline layout, surface thickness and hall/room decoration The thickness of the surface layer is determined by local customs
(such as installing squat toilets ). Generally, the caisson-type toilet structural plate is 300-
400mm lower than the structural plate of the adjacent room;
Key points in quality control during the construction process are explained
A side floor drain must be installed at the lowest point of the lowering plate. Before backfilling the caisson, backfill the floor drain part with dry ceramsite or fine stones, or use non-woven
cloth to protect the floor drain before backfilling.
4.6 Prevent leakage of pipes passing through floor slabs
Prevent leakage of pipes without casing
Prevent leakage of pipes with casing
Description:
1. This node is suitable for the anti-leakage treatment of pipes that pass through floors in kitchens, bathrooms, balconies, etc. .
2. When sealing uncased pipelines, hard formwork should be used. It is prohibited to use polystyrene board and wire hanging formwork;
3. The roots of uncased pipelines should be sealed with asphalt ointment before waterproofing;
4. With sets When pouring pipes, the lines must be laid out on the formwork and the casing must be fixed accurately and firmly before pouring the floor slab. The casing with
water-stop ring can be used according to the project conditions;
5. The upper opening of the casing is 50mm higher than the finished surface of the ground, and the lower opening is It should be flush with the bottom of the floor; before installing the pipeline, the steel casing should be cleaned of rust and painted with anti-rust paint on the pipe wall; sealant should be applied around the casing, and an additional layer of waterproof layer must be added at this location; between the casing and the pipe Use polyurethane foam glue and construction sealant to seal tightly.
Explanation of key points in quality control during the construction process
1. When sealing floor openings, hard formwork should be used, polystyrene board formwork is prohibited, and a secondary pouring process should be used to ensure tight sealing.
2. When casing is installed for pipelines passing through the floor slab, the lines must be laid out on the formwork before pouring the floor slab and the casing must be fixed accurately and firmly. The casing with water stop ring should be used.
4.7 Anti-leakage at the root of the flue duct in the kitchen and bathroom
Description:
1. The inner corners should be rounded with a radius of 50mm.
Description of key points in quality control during the construction process
- Before pouring the 50-thick C20 fine stone concrete over the sill, it needs to be chiseled, cleaned and moistened.
2. The waterproof additional layer at the root of the flue duct should be painted evenly with a thickness of 1.2mm.
4.8 Pipe well anti-leakage
Kitchen and bathroom pipe well anti-leakage
Public area pipe well anti-leakage
Description:
1. The bottom of the pipe well in the kitchen and bathroom should be poured at the same time as the floor slab or the concrete should be poured later. The bottom should be chiselled; the side-row floor drain and drainage pipe of the same-row bathroom should be installed before the reverse sill of the pipe well is poured, and poured in the reverse sill.
2. The height of the concrete sill should be 200mm higher than the completed surface of the adjacent room;
3. The inside of the tube well in the public area should be painted with JS moisture-proof layer or according to the design practice;
4. A drainage floor drain should be installed in the tube well in the public area.
5. Pipe hole sealing should be done by pouring C15 fine stone concrete in two steps.
Explanation of key points in quality control during the construction process
1. The width of the counter sill shall not be less than 100mm, and it shall be 200mm higher than the height of the floor structure of the adjacent room
2. The lower opening of the pipe well door shall be made of concrete sill, and it is prohibited to fill it with bricks.
