This matter has to be talked about one day in 1984. A group of children found some round-headed pottery puppets on the mud construction site under the lion mountain of in Xuzhou. . After hearing the news, the adults found it and reported it to the Span8span Xuzhou Archaeological Institute. Archaeologists discovered that the patterns of these pottery puppets resembled cultural relics of the Han Dynasty. As a result, the construction site was sealed off and continued to excavate vigorously, and unexpectedly found more than one thousand terracotta warriors in three tunnels.
When talking about terracotta warriors, the first thing that many people think of is the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang, 1.89 meters tall, taller than the average height of the ancients. It is a magnificent sight with thousands of people. But the terracotta warriors here are really too mini. They are only forty to fifty centimeters high, and they are all the same, as if they were made in batches. If you arrange a terracotta warrior from Xi'an and put it there, it is easy to think of the scene of giants entering the country of small people by mistake. The picture below shows the former US President Clinton 's family visiting the Terracotta Warriors in Xi'an.
Speaking of this, many people will think that once the terracotta warriors are discovered, there must be a princely tomb nearby, but first you must determine the location of the main tomb. According to the layout of Qin Shihuang's terracotta warriors and horses, the entire terracotta warriors and horses face east, and the tomb is west. It also represents the terracotta warriors and horses protecting the owner in front. The terracotta warriors and horses on Lion Rock face west, so it can be inferred that the tomb should be on the east side, and the east side is the Lion Rock.
The discovery of terracotta warriors and horses is exciting news for the archaeological team. Through the reporting process, the state has decided to organize elite personnel to search for this two thousand-year-old tomb with terracotta warriors and horses.
In the spring of 1986, the first large-scale search for ancient tombs started. Lion Rock is a stone mountain only 60 meters high, with almost no soil. It’s best to make the Luoyang shovel impossible to use, and because of the dense housing here,Cannot dig deep with large machinery. Therefore, the Lion Mountain Village Committee convened the village's 70-80-year-olds to conduct an investigation meeting. More than a dozen elderly people talked about the possible entrances to many ancient tombs. But in the end, no entrance was found. In this case, the archaeological team decided to use modern technology to find ancient tombs.
This time the archaeological team invited the Geological Survey Brigade of the Ministry of Coal to search for the ancient tombs and brought with them the world's leading detection instrument at the time-the micro-gamma gravimeter. As a result, I took this instrument around the Lion Rock for more than 20 days and dispatched more than 100 people. It was found that an area was abnormal. After 5.6 days of arduous drilling, only weathered rock was found. The first tomb search failed.
In January 1987, the second large-scale search operation started again. This time, Ning Shunian, a professor at the Beijing Graduate School of the China Academy of Mining and Technology, served as the commander-in-chief, and invited scientific and technical personnel with practical experience from 10 provinces across the country. There are 9 types of the most advanced detection equipment and more than 150 machines, which search every inch of the Lion Rock every day. There are nine types of these equipments: electric, magnetic, gravity, low frequency, radioactivity, geological radar, and shallow seismograph. After more than half a month of surveying, a "comprehensive geophysical survey and ancient tomb survey report" was written.
This report points out the abnormal areas in the mountain of about 2000 square meters, of which three nodal areas are abnormal. This is undoubtedly exciting news. As a result, the archaeological team was divided into three teams to excavate these three most likely places, but when they dig up to about 2 meters, the bottom was full of bedrock, and they could no longer dig down, and there was no sign of tomb passages or doors. So this second search still ended in failure.
In the spring of 1990, the main leaders of Xuzhou City made a new deployment on this matter and invited researchers from Jiangsu Seismological Bureau to bring advanced instruments to detect it. As a result, it was reported that the ancient tomb was found. However, the results have been verified that the area below 14 meters delineated by the Seismological Bureau is only a karst cave about 1 meter high. Finally, the third large-scale exploration failed again.
These three failures cost the country several hundred thousand yuan, which was not a small sum at the time.
At this time, Wang Kai, an archaeological expert at Xuzhou Museum who had already found 6 Han tombs , knew that the burden on his shoulders was very heavy. The whole of Xuzhou, the whole province and the whole country were watching them. Efforts and the country's money must not be wasted in this way. He vowed: "You will never stop if you can't find the ancient tomb." But I am embarrassed to ask the state for funds to find the grave again. I can only do it alone, and wander around Shizishan Village when I have nothing to do. When the fellow villagers saw him, they knew him well, and when they saw him, they would say, "The tomb hunter is here again."
Usually when Wang Kai spends most of his time chatting with residents, he pays most attention to the one-to-one mouths of the villagers. In his own words, "I have gone crazy, thinking about the ancient tomb every day." When he was tired from walking, he watched the villagers play chess. During the period of watching chess, he heard a chess friend talk about a farmer’s digging a sweet potato cellar. Wang Kai, who used to be a farmer, was highly sensitive when he heard this. I thought that this mountain is dominated by huge boulders. Where can I dig down a sweet potato cellar like a cellar? So I immediately found this fellow villager to check.
Under the guidance of the villagers, Wang Kai found the location of the sweet potato cellar, which are three large sweet potato cellars located in a depression near the mountainside. Wang Kai opened the door of a sweet potato cellar and jumped in. He struck a match and clearly saw that the sweet potato cellar was a long stone cellar with traces of chisel chiseled on the stone cellar.
Seeing this, Wang Kai was trembling with excitement, and was so happy that he danced like a child, and said: "I can't go wrong, it's here."
The archaeological team was dispatched on the second day, and very sticky soil was dug in the sweet potato cellar and the tomb passage was dug. Everyone was excited.
But not long after being happy, the plot reverses. A huge bad news hit suddenly and the tomb has been stolen. The archaeological team discovered that the door of the tomb had been opened by tomb robbers, and the debris around the tomb passage was very messy. The archeological team's mood was at its extreme at this time, but soon the plot reversed again. The archaeological team found tens of thousands of Western Han coins beside the tomb, and there were a large number of high-quality, intact jade objects scattered on the ground.
After the archaeological team reported the situation, in 1994, 10 years after the discovery of the Lion Rock terracotta warriors,The state finally approved the excavation of the Lion Rock Tomb. All the residents on Lion Rock were removed, and large-scale excavators, cranes and other equipment entered the Lion Rock for excavation. When the tomb passage of the Lion Mountain ancient tomb was dug up, Wang Kai and others were surprised to find that this ancient tomb was actually a hole in the mountain, and the ancient tomb was in a mountain with a depth of 100 meters. Such a tomb technique is really smart, no wonder No clues can be found. It can be seen that the ancients' wisdom and technical means are so strong that today's people have to be convinced.
Yuan Zhongyi, the curator of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shihuang, once said: "The Lion Mountain Han Tomb is unique, so it is world-class." There is an underground tomb with a total area of more than 850 square meters, and a lion rock is almost hollowed out. Just imagine that the migrant workers at the time only needed a shovel and a chisel. Such a large project would take at least 20 years to complete. The mausoleum with patio is in China I haven't seen it, and I haven't heard of it in the world, so it has world significance." The excavation began. Wang Kai and his comrades first cleaned the huge patio. They used modern forklifts and cranes to clear out 5000 cubic meters of rammed earth and rock fills in more than three months.
As they judged later, this tomb was stolen by an insider within a hundred years after a king of Chu was buried. The jade coffin of the king of Chu has been opened and the bones have been pulled out. The king of Chu’s jade garment was made of 3,400 pieces of jade, but most of the gold thread was removed by the tomb thief and turned into a pure jade garment. Because these jade is used by the royal family at first glance, ordinary people cannot resell it at all. But gold can be melted and sold by itself. The coins had been changed to a new version at the time, so the money was not available. The jade coffin was also broken, and the bones of King Chu were kicked to pieces. The skull was in the east, the lower jaw was in the west, and the ribs were scattered all over the floor. There were a lot of broken jade and bronze official seals on the ground.
In front of the jade coffin and beside the tomb of the concubine Chu, they found ten night pearls. Although these beads have been eroded by groundwater for more than two thousand years, they are full and bright in color. There was a bronze dagger on the ground, shining coldly. They took out 10 manuscript papers and placed them under the blade of the sword with a light stroke. A stack of manuscript papers was immediately divided into two halves.In addition, there are more than 2,000 national cultural relics including jade Huang, jade cicada, jade cup, jade dragon, jade chongya, more than 176,000 copper coins, 130 seals.
After studying the unearthed cultural relics of the ancient tomb, Wang Kai and others discovered that the owner of this ancient tomb was the tomb of the third generation of Chu king Liuwu in the Western Han Dynasty.
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pimg I am very lucky. I have encountered it seven times, and this time is the greatest glory in my life.”
Because of the grand scale of this tomb, it took another 10 years to excavate and unearth a large number of national treasures. Set as the top ten archaeological discoveries in China in 1995.
The discovery of the tomb of the Lion Mountain Han Dynasty fulfilled Wang Kai's lifelong dream. After the excavation of the ancient tomb was successful, the old man who provided clues and the villagers who helped the excavation received corresponding rewards. Wang Kai also made great contributions to discovering this tomb and was praised by state leaders many times, and later became the curator of Xuzhou Museum .
This story is over, remember to pay attention to me, it will continue to be exciting.
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