In the first episode of the third season of "National Treasure" recently released by CCTV, we met a great female scientist of the Qing Dynasty in my country. She was printed on postcards and magazines by foreigners because of her outstanding contribution to world astronomy. On the cover, the meteorite on Venus is even named after her, but it is rarely known in China.
Hu Sijing commented on her in the "Ten Dynasties New Language Compilation": "Learning to ride and shoot, to understand astrology, actuarial calculations, technical poetry and prose, good at painting, general medical science, breaking etiquette teaching." I think Ban Zhao will be alone. "Z1z
is Wang Zhenyi .
1, Wang Zhenyi, a girl who is "unconventional" and unconventional
Wang Zhenyi was born in a family of doctors during the Qianlong reign. His grandfather was once the prefect of Xuanhua. He is proficient in calendar and knowledge. His father is a well-known doctor and an official.
Wang Zhenyi was fascinated by her grandfather since she was a child, and has developed a keen interest in astronomy and calendar calculation. At the age of 11, his grandfather passed away. Wang Zhenyi went to Jilin with his grandma to go to Jilin for his grandfather's funeral. After that, he lived in Jilin for five years. Grandpa
has read many books throughout his life. The collection of books is quite abundant, it is said that there are as many as 75 cabinets. Living in Jilin all year round gave her the opportunity to read grandfather's rich collection of books and learn a lot of knowledge about astronomy, calendar, mathematics, literature and so on.
When she was 16 years old, Wang Zhenyi followed her father to practice medicine and traveled all over the country, including Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Shaanxi, Hubei, Guangdong and Anhui. Having been intrigued by her father's healing and saving lives for a long time, she has also become proficient in medicine, not even worse than her father, who is well-known far and near.
Once a Western missionary came to see Emperor Qianlong. He caught an illness on the way and wanted to see Wang Zhenyi’s father for treatment. Unexpectedly, his father was also ill. In an emergency, Wang Zhenyi visited his father and treated the Westerners in three days. it is good. Z1z
talked about astronomy with Westerners during the conversation. Wang Zhenyi explained the principles of solar and lunar eclipses with her unique insights. His knowledge made Westerners stunned.
Wang Zhenyi also likes to sit alone on a hill at night to observe the starry sky, watching the star change, a dream about the starry sky has been hidden deep in her heart. In the absence of any modern instruments and observation tools, in her article "Lunar Eclipse Solution", through plain and easy-to-understand language, she clearly rejected the saying that "the sun is between the earth and the moon" summarized by the predecessors. Incisively explained the occurrence of many astronomical phenomena, she was only 20 years old that year.
Reading thousands of books and traveling thousands of miles, this sentence couldn't be more suitable for Wang Zhenyi.
However, in the eyes of modern people, she was so outstanding, in the eyes of many people at that time, she was completely different. At the age when she should be married, she devoted herself to studying and studying the astronomical calendar, and was even said by people around her that her brain was not normal. At that time, the girl was about to get married and have children at the age of fourteen or five. In the age of "a woman without talent is virtue", she didn't marry her husband Zhan Mei until she was 25, which was undoubtedly an act of "rebelliousness".
However, if there were not for her "apostasy", perhaps there would be no later great female scientist.
Tian is jealous of talents. He died young at the age of 29. After her marriage, Wang Zhenyi still did not give up her dream. She still took the time to study astronomy and mathematics, and received the support and understanding of her husband. This was rare at the time. .
However, the good times did not last long. After only 4 years of marriage, Wang Zhenyi died of illness, and her life was fixed at the age of 29. Her husband, Zhan Mei, also went with her a few years after her death.
The time of 29 years is fleeting like fireworks, but she has left forever shining in later generations. Wang Zhenyi's works and others have been written by her and her works compiled by posterity have left very precious reference materials in the fields of world astronomy and mathematics.
Her short-lived works include "Western Planning for Additions and Deletions", "Rebooking Strategy Calculations and Proofs" in one volume, "Xiangshu Glimpse" in four volumes, "Astrology Emoticons", "Rebooking Strategies for Falsification, Astronomical and mathematics works such as the five-volume "Study and Arithmetic" and the first-volume of "Easy to Know" explain complex and difficult astronomy, physics, and mathematics knowledge in an easy-to-understand way, so that the popularization of scientific knowledge is no longer difficult.
Wang Zhenyi also criticized feudal superstition, pointing out that feng shui matters are the theory of ghosts and gods, and the art of alchemy and immortality is self-deception. This is undoubtedly a very visionary theory.
In addition to astronomy, mathematics, physics, and medicine, Wang Zhenyi also has deep attainments in literature. His books include "Defengting Poems" and "Defengting Collection".
"Sit down in the autumn breeze with a necked neck, cold ambitions, when will you get off the curtain, you will go to the sky."-Wang Zhenyi's "Eagle on the Question Frame"
" The key door is strictly analyzed, Panling is in the throat. Over the rocks, the Yellow River flows first."——Wang Zhenyi "Crossing Tongguan Pass"
" Spring rain breaks. There is clear snow on both sides of the Yanghua. Flying clear and snowy. The river is faint, and the river is rising. Really floating leaves. Really floating leaves. Sitting in the open windows, the books are overwhelming."——Wang Zhenyi's "Recalling Qin'e Spring Evening, Works in Qiantang Boats"
In Wang Zhenyi's poems, I can't see any grievances and sadness. In the words of Yuan Mei of the Qing Dynasty: "There is a strange atmosphere, not like a female stream."
Although her life is so short, the knowledge and spiritual wealth she left us is always shining like the stars she is obsessed with.
, who has attracted much attention abroad, is little known in China.
Wang Zhenyi, who passed away young and accomplished at the age of 29, is not understood in this world. In later generations, it is not well known. It wasn't until more than 200 years later that her writings and achievements were recognized by the world scientific community, that she went from abroad to China.
In 2004, to commemorate Wang Zhenyi's contribution to astronomy, the International International Astronomical Union named a crater on Venus after her.
In 2016, in the American bestseller "Going Forward: The Stories of 50 Outstanding Women Scientists Changing the World", Wang Zhenyi, Madame Curie and Wu Jianxiong were included in it.
In 2018, "The Power of Mathematics: The Rebellious Women of Mathematics" written by the American mathematics professor specifically introduced Wang Zhenyi's outstanding contributions in the field of mathematics.
The world's authoritative academic journal "Nature" even listed Wang Zhenyi as one of the "female scientists who laid the foundation for scientific development".
The girl who was alone in the middle of the night looking up at the stars would never have imagined that a few hundred years later, humans could observe the sea of stars in her eyes through advanced astronomical telescopes and verify her original vision. Wang Zhenyi did not even expect that the crater named after her would last forever in the Milky Way and in the vast space.
In China, through the interpretation of Wang Zhenyi by actor Zhang Zifeng in "National Treasure", this great female scientist has entered the field of vision of more people, and her story has also been known by more people.
I hope we can also be like Wang Zhenyi, with love, persistence, reading and walking, wherever we look, all are stars and the sea.
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