The so-called marriage is the Central Plains dynasty marrying the daughter of the clan to neighboring countries in exchange for peace, in other words, it is a gentle diplomatic method. Generally, it is only used when the Central Plains dynasty is relatively weak, but there are exceptions. Even if the Central Plains dynasty grows strong, it will use its kinship to maintain friendly relations with neighboring countries. This is the case when Princess Wencheng married away to Tibet.
In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), Tubo Songtsen Gampo once sent an envoy to Datang to request to marry the princess of the Tang Dynasty. Tang Taizong thought that his daughters were noble to marry the western plateau area, so he refused his request. Four years later, Songtsen Gambo thought that other countries were causing trouble, so he sent troops to defeat the countries such as Tuyuhun and Dangxiang, and approached Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty. Later, the Tang army fought and quickly defeated Tubo. There is a record of this later in the "Old Tang Book": "Nong Zan was terrified, led the troops to retreat, and sent the envoy to apologize. Because of the re-marriage, Taizong promised him. Nong Zan sent his prime minister Lu Dong Zan to give a gift and donate gold. Five thousand taels, from Yubao to play hundreds of things."
The king of a country, of course it is difficult to follow a horse. After careful consideration, Emperor Taizong named a maiden as Princess Wencheng and married Songtsan Gambo. There are actually very few historical records about Princess Wencheng. Her birthplace, name, and parents are still a mystery. It is only known that she is the daughter of the Li Tangyuan branch.
"New Tang Book" records: fifteen years, his wife Yizong daughter Wencheng princess. In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (641), Princess Wencheng was escorted from Chang'an to Tubo. Songtsan Gambo was overjoyed, and believed that Princess Wencheng was the White Moonlight of the Tang Dynasty in his mind, and the more he watched, the more he loved it. Not only did she order the prohibition of the ochre custom that Princess Wencheng did not like, but also built the famous Potala Palace for her. Princess Wencheng is gentle, virtuous and versatile, and has always had a deep relationship with Songtsan Gambo.
As a Han Chinese, Princess Wencheng was not accustomed to Tibetan customs, food, clothing, housing and transportation at first, but for the peace of Datang and Tubo, but also for the beloved Songtsan Ganbu, she persisted and promoted The Han-Tibetan peoples have made great contributions to cultural exchanges and economic exchanges.
Songtsen Gambo died young in the first year of Yonghui (650) at the age of 34. According to the "Tang Law Commentary", as long as Princess Wencheng's filial piety expires, she can remarry and remarry when she returns to Datang. Of course, the Tang Dynasty hoped that she could return to the Tang Dynasty. Even in the second year of the General Zhang (669) Tang Gaozong was worried that the imperial women would be wronged in Tibet, and sent Shang Kai to Tubo to persuade Princess Wencheng to return to Chang'an to take care of her life. But Princess Wencheng rejected Tang Gaozong's kindness, saying that she was reluctant to leave and would like to spend the rest of her life to maintain the peace of the Han and Tibetans. What made the childless Princess Wencheng voluntarily live in Tubo for more than 30 years?
may be Songtsen Gambo's strong love for her, and the love of her by the local people. Princess Wencheng fell in love with the land of Tubo, even willing to return to Datang for it.
Songtsen Gampo’s love for Princess Wencheng naturally does not need to be said. Although they are married first and then love, no matter which woman in the world shows love in Songtsen Gampo’s Will you fall in love? Princess Wencheng and Songtsan Gampo love each other, even if Songtsan Gampo leaves before her, of course she can't bear to abandon her husband and return to Datang. Furthermore, after returning to Datang, can she meet another man who is as affectionate as Songtsen Gambo? She doesn't want to gamble, so she prefers to be widowed. Since they have all decided to be widowed, of course it is better to be by his side than to go back.
Princess Wencheng brought farming, weaving, female red, medicine and other technologies not available in Tibet to the Tubo people, which greatly improved the living standards of the local people. The common people love this queen of the Central Plains very much, and affectionately call her "White Tara", which means the Buddha's mother who can save life and save her life. They think she is the incarnation of Guanyin. Not only that, it is said in the "Dunhuang Historical Documents of Tubo" that the Tubo people respect Princess Wencheng as "Zanmeng", and you must know that only Zampu's wife is worthy of being called Zanmeng. Songtsen Gambo regarded Princess Wencheng as his wife, which was unanimously recognized by the people.
In the first year of Yonglong (680) in the 40th year of entering Tibet, Princess Wencheng died of smallpox infection. "The Dunhuang Historical Documents of Tubo" has another paragraph about Gong Song Gong Zan(The only son of Songtsen Gampo, born to Concubine Meng)’s birth mother’s speech recorded: “As of the Year of the Goat (683), in winter, sacrifice to Princess Wencheng of Mongolia.” This sentence is sufficient to prove that Princess Wencheng was doing work in Songtsan. The status of Bu's concubines is the highest, and even the other concubines are not jealous. At the same time, looking through relevant information, there is only Princess Wencheng who enjoys sacrifices for the concubines of Songtsen Gambo. Moreover, when the people of Tubo learned about Princess Wencheng’s death, they spontaneously built a "Princess Shaka Temple" for her in Benagou. Over the years, the incense has been constantly burning and the butter lamps are always bright. The Han and Tibetan people who come to worship can be said to be in a constant stream. Absolutely.
These are enough to prove that it was Songtsen Gambo’s ardent love for her and the ardent admiration of the people that left Princess Wencheng, and she would rather stay widowed for more than 30 years than return to the Tang Dynasty. Perhaps Datang is still prosperous as memory, but there is nothing left for Princess Wencheng. Even if she goes back, she will only die alone. Why not guard her lover's people and stay with them?
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-