It is not enough to understand Luo Ronghuan just by relying on the word "political work". Let's see what he did in Shandong and Northeast China!
The top ten marshals have almost all their distinctive characteristics. When they mention their names, their image will immediately arise.
Zhu De and Peng Dehuai, as the chief and deputy commander-in-chief of our army, are admired by everyone, and the names of General Zhu and General Peng sound friendly.
Lin Biao, Liu Bocheng, Xu Xiangqian are all god-level figures, and many classic battles have been passed down by word of mouth among military enthusiasts.
Chen Yi . Nie Rongzhen is a versatile person, who can fight wars and is also a political commissar. Mr. Chen is always a diplomatic marshal and has an unparalleled demeanor; as the leader of the defense technology of New China, Marshal Nie made great contributions.
He Long fired the first shot of Nanchang Uprising , and was loyal to the party; Marshal Ye Jianying was the decisive needle, and at every critical moment, he must come out to turn the world around.
Among them, Marshal Luo Ronghuan is the only one. If you ask him what outstanding contributions he has made, many people may not be able to answer.
Luo Ronghuan is too special among the top ten marshals, but you don’t understand his contributions, not because he has made small contributions, but because he is too low-key, and secondly, because you are not good at your level, because he has made very important achievements in all stages of history. If you don’t understand history enough, you can’t summarize it at once.
It seems that only senior military fans can answer this question.
Many people call Luo Ronghuan the "political marshal". Yes, he is the representative of political workers among the top ten marshals, but it is obviously unfair to understand Luo Zhuang as political marshal, because Luo Ronghuan's historical contributions are much wider.
Today we will talk about three points. Only by mastering these three points can we truly understand Luo Ronghuan.
Luo Ronghuan followed Chairman Mao to launch the Autumn Harvest Uprising. He was a good student of the Chairman. He has been a radiant political genius since Jinggangshan .
Luo Ronghuan's education is different from most marshals. Other marshals either graduated from military academy or came from the army, but Luo Ronghuan has the highest education. He has further studies in Qingdao University and Sun Yat-sen University . He is the only authentic college student among the top ten marshals.
However, since Luo Ronghuan participated in the revolution, he has been engaged in the political work of the army, showing the light of political genius.
After the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Luo Ronghuan was the party representative in the southern Hubei Uprising. Later, he followed Mao Zedong to launch the Autumn Harvest Uprising and served as the party representative of the spy company. During the process of going to Jinggangshan, Luo Ronghuan witnessed a major event, which was the famous Sanwan adaptation .
In Sanwan, Mao Zedong adapted the uprising team and built the party branch in the company - this is something that no army had done before. Doing so can ensure that the party's absolute leadership over the army - the reason why our army was invincible later was because of the party's absolute leadership over the army. Luo Ronghuan participated in and witnessed the entire process of Sanwan adaptation. He was a political worker master brought out by Mao Zedong. From the Sanwan adaptation, Luo Ronghuan embarked on this smooth road.
After going to Jinggangshan and in the days that followed, Luo Ronghuan served as a representative of the battalion party and a representative of the column party. At the end of 1929, he participated in the famous Gutian Conference and was elected as a member of the former committee of the Red 4 Army - friends who are familiar with military history know that the Gutian Conference is of great significance in the construction of our army. Through the joint efforts of Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Chen Yi, of course, Zhou Enlai, who was far away in Shanghai, the principle of party commanding guns was finally established.
In August of the following year, Luo Ronghuan served as secretary of the Military Commission and political commissar of the Red 4th Army. This is an extraordinary position. The Red 4th Army was the first Red Army team established by Zhu De and Mao Zedong. The first commander was Zhu De and the party representative was Mao Zedong. Luo Ronghuan's political commissar is essentially the same position as Mao Zedong's party representative.
When Luo Ronghuan was the political commissar of the Red 4th Army, the commander was Lin Biao, known as the Eagle of the Red Army. From then on, Lin Luo formed a battle group, and later in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation, both of them were golden partners.
During the Red Army period, Luo Ronghuan served as the director of the Political Department of the Red 1st Army (Lin Biao), the director of the Political Department of the Jiangxi Military Region (Chief of the Military Region Chen Yi), and gradually grew into a political worker master.
Anti-Japanese War: As soon as Luo Ronghuan arrived in Shandong, he was alive.
Luo Ronghuan was originally the least experienced among the top ten marshals. During the three uprisings, He Long, Zhu De, Ye Jianying and Nie Rongzhen were all military-level cadres, and Chen Yi was a regiment-level cadre (but he played a huge role in the later stage of the uprising). Xu Xiangqian was responsible for the teaching and coordination of the Red Guards in the Guangzhou Uprising. I don’t know what level it was, so I just think of it as a regiment-level first. Before the uprising, General Peng was the commander of the Hunan Army , but as soon as he participated in the revolution, he became the commander of the Red 5th Army, the starting point was quite high.
Only Luo Ronghuan and Lin Biao were the company-level cadres at this stage: Lin is the company commander, and Luo Ronghuan is the company party representative (equivalent to instructor).
However, by the time when the Anti-Japanese War broke out, Luo Ronghuan achieved his "counterattack": serving as the director of the Political Training Department of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army - this position is very strange and existed in the Eighth Route Army for a short time. At the beginning, the Eighth Route Army had no political commissar. Later, after the position of political commissar was restored at the suggestion of Huang Kecheng and , Luo Ronghuan immediately became political commissar and returned to his old job.
However, what made Luo Ronghuan show his power next was not his political work ability, but also allowed us to see his other ability to turn decay into magic: base construction. After the great victory in Pingxingguan, several main leaders of the 3115th Division were divided into three groups: the division commander Lin Biao went to the rear to recover from his injuries, and the deputy division commander Nie Rongzhen stayed in Wutai Mountain to build the Jin-Chahar-Hebei anti-Japanese base, and the political commissar Luo Ronghuan and acting division commander Chen Guang led the main force of the 115th Division to Shandong.
Shandong has an extraordinary geographical location. To the north is a major area of Beijing and Tianjin, to the south is Huanghuai Plain . After crossing the river, Jiangsu is Yangtze River , just under the nose of the core of the Wang Puppet rule. Moreover, the situation in Shandong is quite complicated: in addition to our army, there are both Japanese and puppet troops, and the Kuomintang troops.
is our army, and it is divided into different systems. There are troops from the 115th Division, a column, and the original local Shandong column, plus guerrillas from all over the country, which has a very complex system. When he first entered Shandong, Chen Guang played a huge role, but he did not complete the task of unifying Shandong's military and political affairs. So Xu Xiangqian, Zhu Rui, Guo Hongtao, Li Yu and others made many years of joint efforts. In the summer of 1940, Xu Xiangqian, Chen Guang, Zhu Rui and others rushed back to Yan'an to participate in the Seventh National Congress. The important task of unifying Shandong's party, government and military leadership was finally completed by Luo Ronghuan.
1939 When Luo Ronghuan first arrived in Shandong, our army had only tens of thousands of troops in Shandong. When our army launched a large-scale counterattack before the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the Shandong Military Region had 270,000 regular troops alone, accounting for one-third of our army!
Moreover, Shandong is the only place in the country that regained all lost lands by relying solely on its own strength, and has a profound impact on the national war trend.
Luo Ronghuan's contribution to the Northeast is seriously underestimated.
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Luo Ronghuan made three major contributions to the national war situation: First, he led 60,000 main forces of the Shandong Military Region to the Northeast, becoming the main body of the Northeast Field Army , which later shocked the world; Second, the troops left in Shandong later became the basic team of the invincible East China Field Army ; Third, a part of the troops went west to form an important part of the Central Plains Field Army that later swept Huanghuai - the four major field armies of the entire army, three of which had important bloodlines of the Shandong Military Region. Luo Ronghuan's achievements were few.
After Luo Ronghuan arrived in the Northeast, he reunited with his old comrade-in-arms Lin Biao. It has been 7 years since the last breakup. The biggest difference between the Northeast and the liberated areas within the pass at this time was that Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan had to start from scratch, because there was no base in the Northeast and no mass base - Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army had been active here, but he retreated to the Soviet Union many years ago.
The reason why Lin Biao was able to establish unparalleled achievements in the Northeast is that he has three pillars. The first is the improvement of the combat effectiveness of the troops, the second is the increase in the number of troops, and the third is the strong rear. Some of these three pillars are mainly Luo Ronghuan, and he also has in-depth participation, not mainly him.
The combat effectiveness of the troops: At the beginning, there were only 110,000 troops in the Northeast, but they were supported by various bases. The combat effectiveness was different. Later, there were more people, but the components were very diverse, including puppet Manchukuo military and police, turnaround farmers, and even some bandits who were transformed, which must be systematic and standardized. This work was mainly completed by Liu Yalou . He participated in the Patriotic War in the Soviet Union, saw the world, and had a very strong military quality. However, in this process, Luo Ronghuan's contribution cannot be ignored, because political work has always been the first factor in improving the quality of the troops.
The increase in the number of troops: At first, Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan's troops were absolutely disadvantaged, and the Kuomintang had hundreds of thousands of troops gathered in the Northeast, and they were all elite. Luo Ronghuan has great experience in expanding his troops, and he has done this in Shandong. Luo Ronghuan's method was to establish a "Second Line Corps", and to organize the turnover farmers who were added to the "Second Line Corps", trained by experienced veterans, and then sent to the front line when they were mature. He used this method to expand dozens of regiments in just a few months, and the East Field Army quickly became stronger. By the time he entered the pass and marched south after fighting the Liaoshen Battle and marched south, Lin Luoliu had already owned millions of troops - this work was Luo Ronghuan's masterpiece.
powerful rear: this was captured with Gaogang . Building a base, carrying out land reform, carrying out complaints, mobilizing peasants to join the army, and organizing the rear to support the front... Marshal Chen Yi said that the victory of Huaihai Battle was launched by the people with small cars. There are trains in the northeast, so there are not so many trolleys, but the support of the masses and the importance of the rear are also indispensable. Among them, Gao Gang, Chen Yun, Lu Zhengcao , Li Fuchun, Li Jukui and Zhou Chunquan established extraordinary achievements, including Luo Ronghuan.
So, when we mention Lin Biao in the Northeast and the Liaoshen Campaign, we think of Lin Luo Liu, but Luo Ronghuan's image is vague and seems to have done something about the political commissar. Through the above analysis, we can see that Luo Ronghuan's contribution to the Northeast is critical and his role has been seriously underestimated.
Chairman Mao attended Luo Ronghuan's funeral and wrote a poem of eulogy for him, which has shown his importance.
Mao Zedong did not like red tape throughout his life. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were only a few memorial services within the party. After 1960, even fewer, only Luo Ronghuan and Chen Yi died, and Mao Zedong attended the funeral in person.
Chen Yi passed away At that special period, Mao Zedong braved the cold to attend with special considerations. But Luo Ronghuan's funeral further reflects Mao Zedong's regret for his old comrade-in-arms.
After Luo Ronghuan's death, Mao Zedong thought of the decades of fighting friendship with him, recalling Luo Ronghuan's voice, appearance and smile from the Autumn Harvest Uprising to the founding of New China, and couldn't help but feel sad. He wrote the famous song " Seven-character · Comrade Luo Ronghuan ":
I remember that the grass was flying on the grass, and every time in the Red Army was in conflict.
Long March is not an embarrassing day,
Zhan Jin is a big problem.
scolds the geeks and bullies the big birds every time they hear,
Kunji long laughs at the eagle.
You are unfortunately passing away now. If you have any questions in
, who can you ask ?
In the poem, Mao Zedong called Luo Ronghuan "Flying on Grass" and mentioned the old story of the two years with emotion:
One thing happened during the Long March crossing grasslands and the division of the Red Fourth Front Army . At one time, Mao Zedong and the central government were very anxious, but Mao Zedong said that "it was not an embarrassing day", and "battle brocade" was the big problem;
"battle brocade" was the second major event. In the Battle of Liaoshen, Lin Biao hesitated and refused to make up his mind to make up his mind first. To fight Jinzhou , I finally had to fight Jinzhou, but because Huludao added 4 divisions, I dared not fight anymore, and wanted to go back to fight Changchun. At this critical moment, it was Luo Ronghuan and Liu Yalou's persistence that finally made Lin Biao change his mind and strengthened his determination to "Ba Jin" from then on, liberate the entire Northeast in one battle, annihilated 470,000 enemies, greatly accelerating the pace of national liberation...
This shows that Mao Zedong had a fundamental understanding of his good student Luo Ronghuan, and they were all concerned about strategic issues.
Luo Ronghuan's political career in the army, the construction of Shandong anti-Japanese base , and his outstanding performance in the Northeast, especially the "War Brocade" issue, are all decisive and strategic.
Only after understanding the four keywords of political work, Shandong, Dongye and Zhan Jin can we truly understand Luo Ronghuan, although it is just a framework.
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