This is a concept that changes with the course of history. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the mountains in Shandong pointed to the mountains. At that time, the Qin people in Guanzhong called the area east of Mount Wu as Shandong. Except for Qin

This is a concept that changes with the course of history.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the mountains in Shandong pointed to the mountains. At that time, , the Qin people of , , said that the area east of Wushan was Shandong. Except for Qin, the other six countries were all in Shandong, so there was a saying that ", Shandong Six Kingdoms ".

Starting from the Tang and Song dynasties, the mountains in Shandong refer to Taihang Mountains , and some literati and poets specifically refer to the land of Qilu as Shandong. In ancient times, people were accustomed to using the left as the east, so Shandong was once called " Shanzu ".

年山

is an important military strategic location in ancient China. It is known for its steep terrain, strong passes, easy defense and difficult attack. One of the "Nine Barriers" in the world.

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号号号

is more than 160 kilometers long and about 40 to 50 kilometers wide, forming the watershed between the Luo River and the Hongnongjian River

Taihang Mountain

is located between Shanxi Province and the North China Plain , spanning four provinces and cities in Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, and Henan. The mountain range starts from Xishan in Beijing in the north and extends to the south to Wangwu Mountain in the border area between Henan and Shanxi, connects to the west to Shanxi Plateau , and is adjacent to the North China Plain in the east, and is in a northeast-southwest direction, with a stretch of more than 400 kilometers. Taihang Mountain is composed of a variety of rock structures and presents different landforms, most of which are above 1,200.

Ancient Shandong not only included the current Shandong region, but also some areas in Hebei and Henan. Until Jin Dynasty , the Taihang Mountains were officially used to divide Shandong and Shanxi. Shanxi is the area west of the Taihang Mountains, and Shandong is the area east of the Taihang Mountains.