- Before this article, please click to "follow" , which not only facilitates you to discuss and share, but also brings you a different sense of participation. Thank you for your support.
In October 1934, the Central Red Army began the arduous 25,000 miles Long March . But in the vast Long March ranks, only 32 women went out with the army.
And among the "Long March 32 Female Masters", 30 are revolutionaries with outstanding achievements or female cadres who are independent. There are only two ordinary female soldiers in , and one of them is Wang Quanyuan.
When Wang Quanyuan was 24 years old, she was unfortunately captured because of covering her main force, but after being occupied by the enemy, she would rather die than obey.
Two years later, she escaped from the enemy's clutches by chance, but she broke off the organization and interrupted her contact with her beloved husband.
So, how did Wang Quanyuan become the "Long March 32 Female Master"? And how were they captured? How did her fate change after being captured? Who is her ex-husband?
Born from poverty and causing a revolution
One day in 1930, Wang Quanyuan, who was only 17 years old, went to the town to go to the market, just as she caught up with the Communist Party of China "Nine to attack Ji'an".
In order to cooperate with the main force's siege, the underground party in Ji'an, Jiangxi also organized a large-scale solidarity campaign in the city.
They sent flyers and shouted with passionate slogans, "The Communist Party leads the riots of the poor in Ji'an!" "We poor people have organized since then!" "Down with the landlords and capitalists, turn them over and be the masters!" slogans such as , and the scene is very inspiring.
At that time, Wang Quanyuan didn't know what a riot was. It was the first time she heard about the Communist Party, but the words "turning over and being the master" really touched her heart.
So, she couldn't help but join the propaganda team, followed everyone to shout slogans, and soon she officially joined the propaganda team.
However, she was sold by her parents to others as a child bride when she was 8 years old. It was not easy for her to escape from her in-laws' home.
In fact, Wang Quanyuan's original surname is Ouyang . She was born in 1913 and is a child from a poor family in Ji'an County, Jiangxi Province.
Before she was born, she had two brothers at home. Her father heard the older generation often say "children are good", so he always wanted to have another daughter.
Wang Quanyuan's birth just fulfilled their wish, so she named him "full circle", which means "full circle" in everything.
However, hope is beautiful, but reality is cruel. 1
After Ouyang Quanyuan arrived at the Wang family, he changed his name to Wang Quanyuan. He was nominally the adopted daughter of the Wang family. But in fact, it was the child bride bought by the Wang family for their 24-year-old son Wang Zhaodou.
Children's life is not going well, it is natural to endure hardships and beatings and scoldings are also a pleasure.
Wang Quanyuan dreamed of getting rid of this kind of life, but she was always powerless. Until this time the Communist Party appeared in her life, she knew that she finally had a chance.
At that time, her husband Wang Zhaodou found something wrong, so he forced her to reunite the house, trying to tie her up in this feudal old family from now on.
But Wang Quanyuan's revolutionary enthusiasm has long been ignited, and this marriage shouldn't have existed can no longer tie her up. Soon, she ran away from home and joined Chinese Communist Party .
Although Wang Quanyuan is not very educated, she is born to be a revolutionary material. Soon, with her outstanding work ability, she went from a "yellow-haired girl" who knew nothing to the position of a secretary of the Ministry of Women of Hunan and Jiangxi Province.
In 1933, as an outstanding representative, she attended the Soviet Congress held by Hunan and Jiangxi Province. It was at this conference that she met Wang Shoudao for the first time.
Marriage on the Long March
Wang Shoudao is from Liuyang, Hunan, but "Hunan and Jiangxi have never separated their families since ancient times", so is therefore considered half of Wang Quanyuan's fellow villager.
He was born in 1906 and was only seven years older than Wang Quanyuan; he joined the revolution in 1925, but in fact he was only five years earlier than Wang Quanyuan.
But he was from the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Training Institute and was a good student taught by Chairman Mao step by step, so he was personally taught by Chairman Mao.
So he was only 25 years old and reached the position of Secretary of the Hunan-Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee. But when he became famous at a young age, he was not arrogant at all. Instead, he liked to get along with his subordinates.
When he met with the representative after the meeting, he heard that Wang Quanyuan not only made the shuttle flag and played saber , but also killed a bandit with a shell gun. He couldn't help but praise her and said: "I didn't expect to be a sharpshooter."
From then on, Wang Quanyuan left a special impression in his heart. But at that time, the two of them were just a chance friend.
Not long after, Wang Shoudao was excluded by the left-leaning forces of Wang Ming and was transferred from Hunan and Jiangxi. Wang Quanyuan didn't think much about anything except for Wang Shoudao.
But fate is a very wonderful thing. At the end of 1933, Wang Quanyuan was transferred to work at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
, and Wang Shoudao also served as secretary-general of the Central Organization Bureau with the help of Li Weihan, then director of the Central Organization Bureau. The two met again in Ruijin .
At this moment, Chiang Kai-shek launched the fifth encirclement and suppression of the Central Soviet Area. In order to fight against the enemy's blockade, the Central Committee decided that the Central Organization Bureau would be responsible for the Central Organization Department to draw backbone personnel to carry out the "Red Expansion Assault" campaign.
Wang Quanyuan was also transferred to the Central Organization Bureau due to her outstanding work ability, so she became a colleague with Wang Shoudao.
The two fought side by side for a long time. They not only gained a further understanding of each other, but also successfully completed the "Red Expansion" task assigned by the organization, strengthened the strength of the Red Army , and made outstanding contributions to the "anti-encirclement and suppression" struggle.
However, influenced by Wang Ming's left-leaning line, the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression failed in the end, and the Red Army of the Communist Party of China began the arduous Long March.
Considering the difficulty of the march, the central government only approved 32 women to follow the Long March at that time. These 32 women were later called "32 Women of the Long March".
Wang Quanyuan, who was just a "little soldier" at that time, was fortunate to become one of the "32 female heroes" together with Mao Zedong's wife He Zizhen, Zhou Enlai's wife Deng Yingchao, and other famous revolutionaries.
Regardless of their status or marriage, they were all unified into the Second Column of the Military Commission, and the director of the Political Department of the Second Column at that time was Wang Shoudao.
The so-called "one come back to life, two come back to familiarity", Wang Shoudao and Wang Quanyuan, who have met for the third time, naturally became good friends who can talk about everything.
Picture source network
At that time, Wang Quanyuan worked in the column health regiment. She usually had to clean the wounds and feed the wounds and the medicine for the wounded and the food. When the battle came, she had to run to the front line to carry the stretcher. The work was dangerous and arduous.
And at this moment, news came from the hometown that her husband Wang Zhaodou died.
Although Wang Quanyuan has no love for Wang Zhaodou, she has lived with him since she was a child, so she has long regarded him as a relative. Now I heard the news of my relative's death, and I felt very sad.
Wang Shoudao also saw everything that happened to Wang Quanyuan. He wanted to help her, but he didn't know how to help her, so he could only go see her for no reason and say something to encourage her.
But it was these "insignificant" concerns that gave Wang Quanyuan great comfort, who was exhausted both physically and mentally. , who was extremely helpless, gradually fell in love with Wang Shoudao.
Picture source network
, and Wang Shoudao also found that Wang Quanyuan was soft on the outside and strong on the inside, which was the type she liked, so she also secretly fell in love with her.
But for the sake of stability of the team, the central government explicitly prohibited falling in love during the Long March, so the two of them hid this relationship in their hearts.
But the relationship between Wang Shoudao and Wang Quanyuan was seen in everyone's eyes.
One night, Cai Chang, Liu Ying and others came to Wang Quanyuan's residence and mysteriously said that they wanted to take her to a place.
Cai Chang
After saying that, he surrounded Wang Quanyuan and came to the door of the Catholic Hall in Zunyi City, and then ran away with a smile.
Wang Quanyuan opened the door and saw that Wang Shoudao was waiting for her. Before Wang Quanyuan could react to what was going on, Wang Shoudao stammered and begged her to get married.
She had been waiting for this day for a long time, so she immediately agreed to Wang Shoudao readily.
Unfortunately, the newlywed couple only spent one night and were about to embark on their journey again with the main force.
It is hard to see each other again
But this time, Wang Shoudao can no longer walk with Wang Quanyuan. He was appointed as the representative of the Red Ninth Army Party and wanted to stay and cover the main force crossing the Wujiang River south .
Before leaving, Wang Shoudao was worried about Wang Quanyuan's safety, so he gave her a close-fitting pistol. Wang Quanyuan said with emotion:
"According to the customs of our hometown, I should give you a pair of shoes I took with me now. If you wear it, you will always be my man. No matter how far you go, you will eventually return to me. But the incident happened suddenly, and I haven't had time to prepare for you."
Wang Shudao also said with emotion: "It doesn't matter, wait until you have the conditions, you will do it for me. Even if you don't wear the shoes you make, I will return to you!"
Under the cover of the Red Ninth Army, the main force successfully crossed Wujiang . But the Red Ninth Army itself was surrounded by the enemy in the western Guizhou area.
Wang Quanyuan was anxious, but she could not do anything. She could only pray day and night that Wangshoudao could return safely.
Finally, Wang Shoudao's troops successfully crossed the Jinsha River from near Qujing, Yunnan, and soon caught up with the main force resting in Maogong area, Sichuan.
Wang Quanyuan finally met Wang Shoudao again. The central government specially approved them a small wooden building to accompany them all night. They thought they could stay together forever from now on, but the situation changed again.
hongyi . After the Fourth Front Army met in Maogong, in order to create a new situation, the central government decided that the two armies would go north together to go to Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu areas to establish a new revolutionary base.
In order to facilitate marching, the central government decided to divide the large army into two left and right routes and advance in parallel. Unfortunately, Wang Shoudao was assigned to the right side, while Wang Quanyuan was assigned to the left side.
At that time, they thought it was nothing, and they could meet again after passing the grass. But the changes in the political situation exceeded their expectations.
Under the leadership of Mao Zedong and others, the right army successfully passed through Songpan grassland and captured Ban You, waiting for the arrival of the left army.
But unexpectedly, Zhang Guotao, who led the left army, refused to go north, but instead insisted on going south alone.
In this case, Mao Zedong and others could only lead the right army north first. Wang Shoudao and Wang Quanyuan separated.
Zhang Guotao led the Left Route Army to struggle in western Sichuan for more than half a year. Although he suffered a lot of troops and generals, he did not open up the situation.
had no choice but to go north again. Wang Quanyuan thought that she could finally meet Wang Shoudao again in Yan'an.
But when the troops entered southern Gansu, Zhang Guotao changed his mind again and began to advocate the troops to advance westward and open up the so-called "northwest passage for Soviet military aid."
The Central Committee finally agreed to the plan for the Western Expedition from the overall situation of unity within the party. Wang Quanyuan's wish to meet Wang Shoudao in Yan'an was also vain.
Xu Xiangqian
In November 1936, more than 20,000 people of the Red Fourth Front Army where Wang Quanyuan was located were organized into the " West Route Army ". With Xu Xiangqian as the commander-in-chief, he crossed the Yellow River from near Jingyuan, Gansu, and began a tragic journey to the west.
Under the command of Xu Xiangqian, the Western Route Army initially achieved a series of victories, but in the end it failed due to environmental discomfort, difficulties in supply, and excessive disparity between the enemy and us.
In the end, the Western Route Army with more than 20,000 people were left with less than 5,000 people. Under such circumstances, the Central Committee decisively ordered the Western Route Army to retreat.
In order to cover the retreat of the troops, Wang Quanyuan, who is already the leader of the Women's Pioneer Regiment, stepped forward and asked for the fight and said:
"Let's cover! The gay men have stronger combat power, so they can complete more difficult tasks."
How could Xu Xiangqian bear to let a group of female soldiers fight the brutal Ma family army alone, so he did not agree to this plan at first.
But Wang Quanyuan had decided, no matter how Xu Xiangqian persuaded him, he still insisted on cutting off the rear. Xu Xiangqian had no choice but to finally approve her request.
In order to cover the retreat of the large army, Wang Quanyuan led more than 1,000 female soldiers from the Women's Pioneer Regiment to set up three lines of defense near Luyuankou, Linze County, Gansu.
In order to confuse the enemy, she ordered all the officers and soldiers of the regiment to cut off their long hair and change to men's clothing, and used the number of the 286th Regiment of the 30th Army.
With only 5 bullets and 2 grenades per person, this female unit held on the position for three days.
If the bullet is gone, throw the grenade, and if the grenade is thrown, throw the stone, and finally successfully complete the task of covering the retreat of the large army.
However, the Women's Pioneer Regiment, which had more than 1,000 people, was wiped out. In the end, only six female soldiers were left, including Wang Quanyuan. They dealt with the enemy in the Qilian Mountains for more than a month, and were unfortunately captured by the troops of Ma Bufang, the northwest warlord.
would rather die than surrender than escape from the clutches of the devil. Returning to his hometown to remarry and get robbed
Ma Bufang's commander of the engineering corps Ma Zhengchang saw that Wang Quanyuan was beautiful, so he planned to let her be his "little wife". But no matter how Ma Zhengchang threatened, tempted, or tortured, Wang Quanyuan would never die.
Ma Zhengchang finally had no choice but to do anything to her, so he stopped forcing her, but did not let her go. Instead, he put her in house arrest and sent a maid named Ah Xi to take care of her day and night.
A Xi is also a poor man, and she dares not speak out about Ma Zhengchang. After seeing that Wang Quanyuan was still mighty and unyielding in danger, she became admirable.
So not only did not strictly monitor Wang Quanyuan as Ma Zhengchang's requirements, but also wanted to help Wang Quanyuan escape from the clutches
1939 In mid-March, Ma Zhengchang was ordered to move troops from Yongchang Wuwei . Ah Xi took advantage of the chaos to get a pass for Wang Quanyuan.
With the pass, Wang Quanyuan easily escaped from Ma Zhengchang's residence, headed southeast, and came to Lanzhou, and found the office of the Eighth Route Army in Lanzhou.
Wang Quanyuan thought that this was a sign of finding an organization, but unexpectedly, the "Eighth Office" people directly rejected her request to return to the team.
Wang Quanyuan knew that the central government had a rule that for the captured personnel, "one year of retrieval, two years of review, and three years of not retaining", but she was captured for less than two years and still met the conditions for taking in.
Wang Quanyuan argued for a long time, but she refused to accept it by herself, but she generously gave her five oceans and to find another place to go.
Wang Quanyuan couldn't understand why the office was ruthlessly shutting her out. It was not until later that she realized that was when Ma Zhengchang found out that she ran away and deliberately sent someone to release the rumors.
said that Wang Quanyuan had already become his concubine, and this time she asked to return to the team, just to lurk within the Eighth Route Army as a spy.
Although the Kuomintang and the Communist Party had cooperated with at that time, , the Kuomintang diehard represented by Ma Bufang was still unstoppable.
In this case, it is difficult for the "Eight Offices" to distinguish the authenticity of the rumors. They can only start from the overall situation and reject Wang Quanyuan's request for returning to the team. Wang Quanyuan has no choice but to go, so she can only return to her hometown in Jiangxi.
She was struggling with wind and frost, braved the cold and heat, begging and marching. She went through a lot of hardships and tasted the bitterness and bitterness of people. It took three years before she finally returned to her hometown in Ji'an.
But the villagers in their hometown did not know what Wang Quanyuan had happened. After seeing Wang Quanyuan return home alone, they all thought she was a deserter and accused her of being insane.
And the Kuomintang’s security chiefs think that Wang Quanyuan is a red-spirited member, so she will find fault with her if she has something to do. Wang Quanyuan is both angry and lives a difficult life.
In order to find a support for the rest of his life, Wang Quanyuan had no choice but to marry Liu Gaohua from Heshi Township, Taihe County in 1948 without contacting Wang Shoudao.
Liu Gaohua's father participated in the Nanchang riot and served as the captain of the county's riots, so Liu Gaohua himself was also a revolutionary descendant. After Wang Quanyuan married him, he encouraged him to join the army.
After the liberation of Taihe, Liu Gaohua became the first township chief of Heshi Township, and Wang Quanyuan also served as the women's director of the district party committee.
After Liu Gaohua took office, he has been diligent and selfless, but he has offended the landlords in the village because of this.
In order to pull Liu Gaohua off, the landlord poisoned the ox in the village and blamed Liu Gaohua, and Liu Gaohua was sentenced to five years in prison.
As a family member of the "counter-revolutionary", Wang Quanyuan was naturally stopped working. Wang Shoudao was the chairman of the provincial government in the nearby Hunan Province at that time.
After hearing the news, many relatives and friends suggested that Wang Quanyuan go to Wang Shoudao. But Wang Quanyuan didn't know how to face him, and didn't want to cause trouble, so she flatly rejected the suggestions of her relatives and friends and resolutely returned to the village.
After returning to the village, Wang Quanyuan was strongly hostile to the villagers who did not know the truth, and from then on he fell into a continuous sadness and desolation.
The left is Wangshoudao
robbery and meet each other
until 1962 Hua, Kang Keqing accompanied Marshal Zhu De to return to Jinggangshan . When she passed by Ji'an, she suddenly remembered that Wang Quanyuan was from Ji'an, but she had nowhere else after the Long March.
Kang Keqing thought that Wang Quanyuan might have returned to her hometown, so she took a try and asked the Ji'an Prefectural Committee to help inquire about Wang Quanyuan's whereabouts.
Ji'an Prefectural Committee really found Wang Quanyuan. After meeting Sister Kang who had been away for 21 years, Wang Quanyuan's hardships over the years have all come to her heart.
She could no longer hold back her tears, and threw herself into Sister Kang's arms and burst into tears.
Kang Keqing
Kang Kexiao learned about Wang Quanyuan’s experience, solemnly said to the leaders of the Ji'an Prefectural Committee: "Quan Yuan is a good comrade, I can testify!"
Under Kang Keqing's instructions, the relevant departments of Ji'an quickly found out the truth and gave Liu Gaohua an innocence.
Wang Quanyuan also resumed her work and was transferred to the hometown nursing home to be the director. The two had only had three good years, and Liu Gaohua died of illness.
00-year-old Wang Quanyuan never got married again, but devoted all her energy to work.
She does not care about fame and fortune, and does not care about being a "official" young. She worked as the dean of the nursing home for 13 years, and finally became a well-known model of .
In December 1981, Wang Quanyuan, who was nearly 70 years old, was invited by the All-China Women's Federation to go to Beijing to attend the Fifth National Women's Congress.
Wang Shoudao, who was the vice chairman of National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference at that time, was already a deputy state-level cadre at that time, but after learning the news, he made a special trip to the Women's Federation's headquarters to visit Wang Quanyuan.
46 I have been suffering from lovesickness, but now I see you again, but I can only "hold hands and look at each other with tears in my eyes, but I am speechless."
Finally, Wang Shoudao asked: "I waited for you in Yan'an for nearly three years. Where did you go?"
Wang Shoudao was so moved after hearing Wang Quanyuan's experience that he burst into tears, but now they each have their own lives. No matter what he does, he cannot save history by chance.
Finally, he could only say to the leaders of the All-China Women's Federation: "Wang Quanyuan is the good daughter of the Party and a tried and tested female Red Army soldier! You should implement the policies for her!"
In 1989, with the care and help of Wang Shoudao and others, Wang Quanyuan's treatment policy was finally implemented.
In September 1995, after Wang Quanyuan heard that Wang Shoudao was seriously ill, she went to Beijing to visit Wang Shoudao and brought the pair of cloth shoes she owed Wang Shoudao for fifty years.
A year later, Wang Shoudao passed away suddenly. After Wang Quanyuan heard the news on TV, she suddenly burst into tears. After
, Wang Shoudao's daughter Wang Weibin made a special trip to bring her the relics of Wang Shoudao. When Wang Weibin called her "mom", Wang Quanyuan shed tears of emotion again...
Wang Quanyuan's life is a legend. She is one of the "Long March 32 Female Girls", but she has never taken credit for herself.
She and Wang Shoudao knew each other and fell in love, but they were unable to stay together for a lifetime due to historical reasons; she never gave birth in her life, but she raised 6 orphans one after another.
She has a rough life, but she can always maintain the true nature of a Communist Party member. The spirit exuded by Wang Quanyuan is still worth learning from today.
What do you want to say about Wang Quanyuan’s deeds? Welcome to leave your opinions in the comment section!
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-