text | Yuan Zhixue
Whampoa Military Academy had three heroes back then. Their unique skills were: Jiang Xianyun's arm, He Zhonghan's mouth, and Chen Geng's legs. However, there was also a long-legged runner among Huangpu students, which was Ma Zhichao who cheated Principal Jiang. In the first issue of the Huangpu , where generals were produced, Ma Zhichao became a veteran of the Military Control Commission. His greatest "achievement" was that he lost Principal Jiang in the Xi'an Incident.
Ma Zhichao
Ma Zhichao (1903-1973), whose courtesy name is Chengwu, also known as Guohua and Guihua, was originally from Pingliang, Gansu, and was born in Huayin, Shaanxi. He dropped out of the senior primary school in Tongguan County, Shaanxi. In 1924, he joined the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy with Du Yuming and . He joined the Kuomintang of China by Yu Youren . In May of the same year, he joined the fourth team to study. In October 1924, he participated in the quelling of the Guangzhou Commercial Rebellion with the fourth team and graduated in November 1924. Since 1925, he served as the platoon and company commander of the teaching regiment of the First Division of the National Revolutionary Army. In 1927, he served as the battalion commander of the special service battalion of the Yangtze River Fortress Command. After 1928, he served as the captain of the sixth phase of the Nanjing Central Military Academy and the deputy education officer of the Education Department. In 1930, he entered Chiang Kai-shek's attendant room and served as the deputy assistant of the colonel. In 1931, he was transferred to the commander of the security guard in Kaifeng, Henan. In 1932, he served as the chief of staff of the newly formed 6th Brigade and the commander of the 477th Regiment of the 239th Brigade of the 80th Division. In 1933, he served as the deputy education officer of Hangzhou Police Officers School, and later joined the senior class of the Lushan Officers Training Corps. In 1934, he served as the stationmaster of the Shaanxi Station of the Special Service Office, and in 1935, he served as the chief of the Shaanxi Provincial Capital Police. In 1936, he personally experienced the "Xi'an Incident". In the early morning of December 12, when the Northwest Army of Yang Hucheng's troops fired fire and confiscated the guns of the police station, he took the opportunity to sneak out of the back door, fled in disguise, and headed for Lanzhou. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he served as the chief of the police station of the Gansu Provincial Capital. In May 1940, the 3rd Regiment of the newly formed 12th Brigade as the foundation and the 26th Re-training Department and the first and third regiments of the Shaanxi Security Department formed the newly formed 34th Division in Shaanxi and served as the division commander. In October 1942, he was transferred to the position of deputy director of the Political Department of the Eighth War Zone and secretary-general of the Party and government organs. In October 1943, he was transferred to the position of Lieutenant General of the Zhongyi National Salvation Army. On March 1, 1946, the Ministry of Transport established the General Administration of Traffic Police, and unified the Military Commission's Special Forces Army, the Central and Yi National Saving Army of the Military Commission, the Sino-US Special Technical Training Class, the Traffic Inspection Corps of the Military Commission, and the Wang Puppet Tax Police Corps, etc. into 18 Traffic Police Corps, which were controlled by the General Administration of Traffic Police, and served as deputy director. In the summer of 1946, the Traffic Police Corps successively entered the Shandong battlefield. In September, the "Shandong Office of the State Administration of Traffic Police" was established and the office director was also established. In November 1947, he was elected as the representative of of the First National Congress of . In February 1949, Zhou Weilong, director of the General Administration of Traffic Police, was arrested for conspiring to revolt, and was promoted to director. In October 1949, he and Bao Buchao arrived in Shantou, and later went to Taiwan to serve as director of the Mainland Work Development Research Office. He died of illness in Taiwan on September 4, 1973, and his whole life was over.
ancestral home Pingliang Born in Huayin Yu Youren was introduced to become Huangpu
Ma Zhichao's birthplace - Ganqutou Village, Huayin, Shaanxi
Ma Zhichao's ancestors were from Pingliang, Gansu Province. They probably moved to Huayin, Shaanxi Province in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and initially settled in Funche Village, Huayin County. At that time, Funche Village was under the jurisdiction of Tongguan and belonged to a village in Tongguan. When it arrived at Ma Zhichao's grandfather during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, because he believed that Ma and Che were unlucky to meet, the Ma family moved from Funche Village to Ganqutou Village, which occupied the Sanyuanzhuang base at that time. In 1903, in the late Qing Dynasty, Ma Zhichao was born in Ganqubao (now Ganqutou Village) in Huayin County. He attended a private school in Ganqubao, then went to study at the Higher Primary School in Tongguan County, Shaanxi Province, and then went to a middle school. Because his family was short of financial resources, he later joined the Jingguo Army to serve as a soldier and eat food. In early 1924, Ma Zhichao and Du Yuming, Guan Linzheng , Zhang Yaoming , Ma Liwu , Ma Shigong ... and Yan Kuiyao, who later became the founding lieutenant general of the People's Liberation Army, gathered in Beijing and prepared to join the revolutionary torrent. I heard that a Whampoa Military Academy in Guangzhou in the south is recruiting students all over the country, so I went from Beijing to Tianjin and took a British ship to the sea to travel south. Unexpectedly, when they arrived in Guangzhou after going through twists and turns, the registration work for Huangpu Phase I had already ended, and the admissions officials were unwilling to be able to accommodate them, and their enthusiasm was about to be extinguished by a basin of cold water.There is no way out, and at this time they thought of Yu Youren, the party of Shaanxi Township. The group of young people from Shaanxi led by Du Yuming found Mr. Yu Youren of the Kuomintang veteran and Sanyuan County . Mr. Yu wrote a pair of words "Climbing high and looking at the distant sea, immediately set the Central Plains" and asked them to find the principal of the Whampoa Military Academy Chiang Kai-shek . Mr. Yu Youren was indeed very face-to-face. Chiang Kai-shek immediately approved their application application and accepted them one by one. In the end, these dozen people were all admitted to Huangpu First-class students. In May 1924, Ma Zhichao was assigned to study at the Fourth Brigade of the Whampoa Military Academy and became the only student of Huayin in the first phase of Huangpu. During this period, after Yu Youren's introduction, Ma Zhichao joined the Kuomintang.
Du Yuming
Serving Chiang Kai-shek to get to know Dai Yunnong Climbing up the high branch to join the Military Control Commission
1930 Ma Zhichao entered Chiang Kai-shek's attendant room and served as the colonel's attendant adjutant. During his tenure as an adjutant to Chiang Kai-shek in Nanjing, Ma Zhichao not only allowed direct contact with Chiang Kai-shek, but also established the relationship between Ma Zhichao and Dai Li and (named Yunong). During the war between Jiang, Yan and Feng Zhongyuan in 1930, Ma Zhichao went to 六国六国六国 and worked for Dai Li to 3六国六国六国. Later, due to differences of opinion between the leaders of the 10000 troops, Ma Zhichao found that the situation was not good and ran away, and the slander failed. In 1930, Dai Li established the first investigation and communication group of the Kuomintang's spy organization, and established a group of ten people, which was deeply favored by Chiang Kai-shek. But Dai Li just started a business and didn’t have much financial resources. Ma Zhichao and his junior (Second 6 of Huangpu) Dai Li have a very good personal relationship and are good friends. At that time, Dai Li was very poor and could not even afford stationery in his office. Ma Zhichao is quite loyal and often takes out a sum of money from his small salary to buy stationery and give it to Dai Li. Although the things are small, "although the melon seeds are small, it is the heart of the people." Friendship is worth a thousand gold. Dai Li is still very grateful to Ma Zhichao, who paved the way for Ma Zhichao to deal with some difficult things in the future. In 1933, Ma Zhichao was appointed as the deputy education officer of Hangzhou Police Officers School, and Dai Li was appointed as the special envoy of Hangzhou Police Academy and used the police academy as the base to train the spy backbone of the Military Affairs Bureau. The friendship between the two further deepened. Later, Ma Zhichao joined the senior class of the Lushan Officer Training Corps for training. In 1934, the Military Intelligence Service established the Shaanxi Provincial Station in Xi'an, and Dai Li first thought of his old friend Ma Zhichao. Ma Zhichao is from Shaanxi and grew up in Huayin, eastern Shaanxi. He is in line with people and land. He naturally became the head of the first spy agency in the northwest of the Secret Service. However, he was the chief of the Shaanxi Provincial Capital Police Department. In fact, he has great power. In addition to the police who manage Xi'an City, there is also an armed police force of 500 people.
(To be continued)
