If energy is the fundamental need for the operation of human society, Then sustainable and progressive science and technology are the only way for the entire human race to develop and move towards a higher level of life.
In modern society, due to the great progress of scientific level, our lives have become more convenient, and our lifestyles and living habits are being optimized subtly step by step.
In addition to the life issues that are closest to people's livelihood, another very important aspect of life is also being continuously strengthened - medical level .
Many diseases with high mortality rates were conquered by the improvement of scientific and technological means and medical technology. human population made sharp turns again and again in front of major patients, constantly avoiding the tragedy of death and injury with serious consequences.
Take today's "new coronavirus" as an example. As a new infectious disease, the new coronavirus has spread explosively around the world. It is precisely because of the support of strong medical technology that we can overcome the difficulties.
So are you curious, how did people deal with diseases in ancient times when medical technology was not as developed as today?
Historical development of medical career
Before biology, chemistry and physics were discovered and officially put into use, In the ancient human population, there was actually no definition of "medical" that was consistent with the modern meaning.
In the early days, people resisted diseases and dealt with diseases can be collectively called "treatment", which is the simplest symptom. Most of them are physical means that directly act on the patient's location , and then gradually the use of external objects such as herbs gradually appeared.
. With the progress of society and the gradual development and growth of human civilization, in terms of medical care, also began to appear medical concepts and treatment methods based on corresponding theories.
Traditional Chinese medicine that we regard as a national treasure, can be regarded as a masterpiece that combines all medicinal substances in nature and the theory of Feng Shui in the Five Elements. Moreover, China is vast and rich in resources, and it also provides us future generations with rich materials.
And there are several medical geniuses born in ancient times that have summarized the hard work of their lives. After thousands of years of precipitation, after learning, inheriting, optimizing and improving over the years, we have finally achieved a powerful medical environment in which Chinese and Western medicines are united together.
But even so, it occupies the land of China with advantageous places and people. has experienced the invasion of large-scale diseases several times in the long history. It can be seen that the game between manpower and man-made disasters is always difficult to distinguish.
The early medical theory of the West
is different from our Chinese nation. The cultural origin of is late and has a relatively inferior development in the early and mid-term, and their medical concepts are also completely different.
Around 350 BC, philosopher Aristotle explains the world with the concept of elements. He believes that the source of all matter in the world comes from the four substances of "water, fire, earth, and air", , which is the famous "four elements theory" .
Because of the influence of religious culture, the saying that "disease comes from God's punishment" is prevalent in Western countries. The medical scientist Hippocrates , who firmly resisted this argument, stepped forward and proposed "human fluid theory" .
200 years later, ancient Roman doctor gaylen integrated theories of the first two and derived the "four liquid theory".
Galen believes that humans are also products of nature and are naturally related to the four elements. Combined with the four body fluids of "blood, mucus, yellow, and black bile" proposed by Hippocrates, it finally forms the four liquid theory.
If people get sick, they should start with four types of body fluids, and this medical concept has also been recognized, and even aristocratic groups are used equally.
Charles II tragedy
But unfortunately, the Four Liquids theory is a completely one-sided and wrong medical theory. In the Four Liquids theory, the gas element is the main element that constitutes the heart of the human body, corresponding to the blood, and can be used to control the symptoms of damp heat .
The main component of gallbladder is the fire element, corresponding to yellow bile, which is a symptom of dry and hot diseases. The remaining earth elements and fire elements are the main components of the spleen and brain, respectively, corresponding to black bile and nasal, and cope with dryness and coldness and dampness.
In short, if the patient suffers from a damp and heat cold, he will directly give the patient a bloodletting treatment and discharge all the blood with the bacteria out of the body, and the patient will recover. It is obvious that there are many and huge loopholes in the Four Liquid Theory .
Therefore, in history, King Charles II of England was "tortured" to death because of the treatment method of the Four Liquid Theory.
In the mid-1780s, Charles II, who was over 50 years old, suffered from a stroke with mild symptoms. In order to treat it, all the special doctors in the palace were dispatched. They quickly sent Charles II to the underworld using inhumane treatment.
According to the four-liquid theory, the doctors took the lead in spaced a hole in the inside of the king's arm, and bleed outward for nearly 500 ml of . The next day, the king did not improve. The doctors performed surgery to bleed again, and bleed nearly 900 ml of twice before and after.
Because of heavy blood loss, Charles II developed symptoms of weakness and listlessness, but the doctors did not care and thought it was just that blood therapy was inappropriate.
So the doctors fed the king a toxic metal substance. The king started vomiting violently after taking it, but how could vomiting solve the king's stroke condition?
, and the doctors were reluctant to give in. targeted the treatment method to two body fluids , "yellow and black bile", and the doctors used fennel , salt, cinnamon and other nine kinds, which are almost the ingredients for cooking seasonings, as medicinal materials , to prepare enema potion for the king.
In the next few days, every few hours, the doctors would enema for Charles II. More than ten doctors took turns to join the battle, and Charles II was uneasy. After that, Charles II became even weaker as expected.
So the doctors used the last move. They shaved the king into a bald head and buckled the hot soldering iron on the king's head. After that, many large and small scald blisters appeared on the top of the king's head.
Seeing this, the doctors were overjoyed. They agreed that these blisters are the release mouth of virulent , so they punctured the blisters every day to remove the internal tissue fluid...
Over time, Charles II was unable to heal due to the cumulative old injuries and the new injuries were difficult to heal. He passed away with the world in less than two months. He was the leader of a country and should have enjoyed the best medical conditions, but he did not expect that he died unexpectedly because of bad medical methods.
Conclusion
In the days before the European continent ushered in a big stride in the medical level in the 18th century, the overall medical methods and medical concepts of Western countries were very backward, and it can even be said to be wrong.
supports its basic theory of medical philosophy. is actually very similar to my country's Five Elements theory, , but unlike Five Elements theory, , it is a theory with "nature" as its source.
The early Western medical concept was born in philosophy, so there are major mistakes in terms of scientificity and rationality of this medical concept.
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