1952, Chairman Mao sat in the office to handle official duties as usual, and suddenly an antique letter came into Chairman Mao's sight.
Chairman Mao opened the envelope: I am a descendant of General Yue Fei and , and my Yue family devoted their loyalty to the country. We are intoxicated with poetry and books and have a difficult life. I ask the Chairman for help.
It turned out that this was a letter of help from Yue Fei's descendants. After reading the letter, Chairman Mao replied after thinking about it. So how did Chairman Mao reply?
pic丨Chairman Mao
Yue Fei's inspiration for " on the protracted war "
Chairman Mao has received a systematic education and is a veritable "professional background" . As a generation of scholars, in addition to using troops to fight, he has made achievements in literature, which is inseparable from his reading habits.
Chairman Mao studied in his hometown when he was young. In addition to the Four Books and Five Classics requested by his husband, Chairman Mao also couldn't put down the so-called "idle books".
Not only is it familiar with Journey to the West, Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and " Water Margin ", but it is also particularly obsessed with "The Legend of Yue". This book has made a detailed description and interpretation of Yue Fei's deeds, and Chairman Mao was deeply influenced by Yue Fei.
Chairman Mao has always taken Yue Fei as his example. At the Duning Conference in Jiangxi in October 1932, due to the rampant errors of left-leaning dogmatism within the party, Chairman Mao and others were labeled as right-leaning mistakes, thus losing the main leadership within the party.
Chairman Mao was in full swing at this time. He wanted to take this opportunity to make a great cause within the party, but unexpectedly suffered this setback, so he was naturally very unwilling to accept it.
Picture丨Young Chairman Mao
In view of the fact that "no sight is clean", At this time, Chairman Mao retreated to Changting, Fujian on the grounds of "responsiveness". The lofty mountains and steep mountains and flying clouds are the most beautiful in China.
There is a forest path in the place where Chairman Mao lives in seclusion , which is especially suitable for walking here after dinner. One day, the mountains and fog suddenly rose, and the mountains and steep mountains under the storks of smoke and clouds were quite fairy-like.
At this time, Chairman Mao had been bored for several days. Seeing this scene, he couldn't help but feel enlightened. In addition to relaxing, chanted the magnificent song " Hong in the river·Thoughts of Climbing the Yellow Crane Tower " towards the beautiful scenery of the mountains and rivers.
"Manjianghong·Thoughts about climbing the Yellow Crane Tower" was written for the national hero Yue Fei. When Yue Fei guarded the northern border of the Song Dynasty, he saw such beautiful scenery when the Jin army confronted each other, and created this poem with emotion.
From this incident, we can also see that Chairman Mao truly regards Yue Fei as his role model in life . Not only does he use his troops like Yue Fei, but he also has a very high literary talent like Yue Fei.
pic丨Manjianghong·I feel like climbing the Yellow Crane Tower
and Chairman Mao is very good at taking Yue Fei as an example, inspires the morale of soldiers in the army.
In April 1937, when Chairman Mao was teaching at Yan'an Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, the students of were both happy and worried about , and Chairman Mao was very puzzled by this.
A student explained at this time: "We are all rough people, and we have never written pens and written words. We may not be able to make a difference in the future. Even so, you will teach us, and we are worried about wasting your time. "
Chairman Mao therefore explained: " Li Kui Zhang Fei has never studied and studied, and the hero Yue Fei has never been to a private school in a famous school. Isn't it also a use of troops as a god? !"
Chairman Mao is not only good at using Yue Fei to inspire soldiers, but also good at integrating Yue Fei's military thoughts.
1938, it was a year since the Japanese army's full invasion of China. Although the Japanese army was aggressive in attacking, the tactics adopted were mostly to fight quickly.
Picture丨Chairman Mao
This made Chairman Mao keenly realize the glimmer of vitality in the critical moment: Because the number of Japanese soldiers is small, they cannot withstand long-term combat.
This made Chairman Mao open up his mind at this moment: we must be prepared to fight Japan for a long time. As long as the Japanese army is trapped in the quagmire of long-term combat, we can give full play to our numerical advantage , consume the Japanese army's troops, resources and energy, and thus win the victory of our Anti-Japanese War.
Therefore, on June 23,
At the same time, inspired by Yue Fei's military idea of "fighting after formation, the common tactics of military use, and the wonderful use of one mind", pioneered the combat policy of " guerrilla warfare ".
Chairman Mao combined Yue Fei's military use and combat methods , believing that the key to the word "wonderful" of this "wonderful" lies in flexibility, and the use of the method is flexibility in military use. This is the key to Yue Fei's ability to defeat the more with few and the weak with the strong.
Picture丨Chairman Mao
At the same time, Chairman Mao also wrote in the book: " not only uses tactics, but also must change tactics. attack turns into defense, defense turns into attack, advance turns into retreat, retreat turns into advance."
"Correction of the team and the commando turns into a commando, and the encirclement and detours are transformed into each other, and timely and appropriately according to the situation of the enemy and our terrain, which is an important task of flexible command."
Therefore, combined with our long-term anti-Japanese war policy, is particularly important for flexible military use and flexible tactics.
is also based on this. Our guerrilla tactic of "the enemy is strong and I am weak, the enemy retreats and I am advanced, and the enemy is weak and I am fighting", has really added a lot of trouble to the Japanese army. has laid an important tactical foundation for us to win the War of Resistance Against Japan, and also shared the combat pressure for the front battlefield of the National Army.
Chairman Mao’s method of combining Yue Fei’s thoughts with the Communist Party’s governance not only achieved major victories in actual combat, but also made major breakthroughs in diplomacy.
pic丨Chairman Mao
Yue Fei Thoughts and Diplomacy
December 1949 to February 1950, This is the first time Chairman Mao’s official visit to the Soviet Union.
This time, it was recorded that Chairman Mao only accomplished three major events: First, discussing the abolition of the Sino-Soviet Friendship and Alliance Treaty, second, visiting Eastern European countries, and third, going to the southern Soviet Union to recuperate.
Among these three things, the abolition of the Sino-Soviet Friendship Treaty is the most important thing. This was the last unequal treaty signed by China on the eve of the Anti-Japanese War, which was signed by the old China Leadership Group represented by Chiang Kai-shek .
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, our country's foreign policies of "one side", "starting from a new stove" and " clean the house and then treating " for the sake of establishing it from scratch, and for the sake of improving international status.
Before the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, our country had abolished the old treaty of losing power and humiliation. The focus of this visit to the Soviet Union was to abolish this new unequal treaty before the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan.
pic丨Chairman Mao
During the talks, Chairman Mao introduced to the Soviet Union the spirit of the PLA's "respectful death" to death, , but when the translator was translating, he did not know how the word "return" should be translated - it should not be translated into "going back", where to go?
Chairman Mao also saw the troubles of the translator and explained: " The word "return" refers to despising all difficulties and regarding death as a return to the origin of things. "
After that, Chairman Mao also used Yue Fei's story of fighting against foreign races as an example. further explained to the Soviet side, and also further stated that China demanded the abolition of the Sino-Soviet Friendship and Alliance Treaty, and expressed our determination and tough attitude.
Finally, China reached a consensus with the Soviet Union, abolished the Sino-Soviet Friendship and Alliance Treaty, and re-signed the Sino-Soviet Friendship and Mutual Aid Alliance Treaty, and since then, China has officially established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union with an equal attitude.
Chairman Mao inherited Yue Fei's spirit, which was not only reflected in his diplomacy towards the Soviet Union, but also in his diplomacy with other countries.
pic丨Yue Fei
1963, in order to establish good relations with South Asian countries, our country began to establish diplomatic relations with South Asian countries one after another, and in this year, we visited Myanmar .
As a representative of the Myanmar side of the counterattack against Vietnam, Luo Ruiqing met with Chairman Mao on the day of his visit. During the process, Luo Ruiqing talked about the spirit of soldiers not afraid of hardship or death, Chairman Mao added with Yue Fei's famous saying.
"In the past, Yue Fei said, ' civil officials are not greedy for money, military generals are not afraid of death, and the world can be peaceful. '. I think this sentence is too one-sided.
According to his meaning, civil officials are not greedy for money but can be afraid of death, military generals are not afraid of death but can be greedy for money. I think this is wrong. should be that civil officials and generals can neither be greedy for money nor fear of death, and this is what our People's Liberation Army is.
Yue Fei has two other words, saying, "If you starve to death, you won't rob, if you freeze to death, you won't demolish the house." , you won't rob, if you starve to death, you won't demolish the house, you won't burn the fire to keep warm. , you can see that Yue Fei has a good way to govern the army."
Picture丨People's Liberation Army
" So Jin Wushu was very afraid of Yue Family Army at that time. He once said, " is easy to shake the mountain, but it is difficult to shake the Yue Family Army '."
is also because of this that our People's Liberation Army has such a regulation: is not allowed to eat the food of the people's homes, and is not allowed to use the things of the people's homes.
When the Liberation War came to Shanghai, PLA did not choose to live in the homes of ordinary people, but chose to sleep in the streets. Only a very small number of seriously injured people lived in the homes of Shanghai citizens, but before leaving, they would help residents clean their homes before leaving.
It is precisely because of this that the People's Liberation Army is loved and won the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation with the support of the people.
Chairman Mao thought for a moment, and then sighed again: " Whoever wants to shake our PLA will be even more difficult. It is easy to shake the mountain, but it is difficult to shake the PLA! "
pic丨People's Liberation Army
rescues the descendants of the Yue family
1952, Chairman Mao received a letter, the letter called himself the descendant of the Yue family , and the content of the letter was quite literati, which moved Chairman Mao very much.
The letter was Yue Changlie, the 27th generation grandson of Yue Fei . This person was born in 1889 and was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. However, when he took the palace examination, the imperial examination was abolished and he never took the imperial examination again in this life.
But as a descendant of the national hero Yue Fei, , who comes from a scholarly family, how could he be willing to do so?
He taught in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Huzhou and Jiaxing . Unfortunately, because he has a weird temper, he always has a quarrel with his colleagues, so he can't work anywhere, and always changes places. finally lost his job when he was middle-aged.
But the descendants of the Yue family were very honest. After Yue Changlie lost his job, he did not blame others, but was optimistic that he could finally read books with peace of mind. He moved to an alley in Tongxiang County and lived alone.
Picture丨Unemployed
Although there are not many jobs in the house, Yue Changlie will insist on studying no matter what. His emotions in studying can be said to be described as "perseverance". Although has sold all the property in the family for the sake of making a living, the only book box has not been sold.
Whenever Yue Changlie had free time, he would definitely to a nearby teahouse to borrow books. When he was in high spirits, he would not forget to read aloud, as if there was no one around. After a long time, everyone gave him a nickname: nerd.
Even if you can’t eat enough from time to time and don’t wear warm clothes in winter, these are not a problem for Yue Changlie – can study, and the remaining property is enough to ensure that he can survive the war era, which is enough.
In a blink of an eye, our country ushered in the victory of the War of Liberation. At this time, Yue Changlie was nearly 60 years old, and the society had developed. If this continues, he may starve to death.
1951, in desperation, Yue Changlie wrote a letter of help to Chairman Mao, hoping to ask Chairman Mao for help as a descendant of Yue Fei.
pic丨Reading
But it was a coincidence that Chairman Mao was busy with the problem of Korean War this year. In addition, the various foreign affairs of New China are in it, so he is really unable to do anything. 's first letter of help was in this busyness, and it was dusty in Chairman Mao's mailbox.
Although Yue Changlie is a "nerd", he is not a person who "turns his ears away from the window". Yue Changlie is well aware of Chairman Mao's busyness, so he survived the second year.
1952, Yue Changlie sent a letter to Chairman Mao again, re-referring to the old letter last year, and requesting assistance from Chairman Mao again . This year, Chairman Mao patrols the whole country and happened to pass by Yue Fei's former residence, Tangyin County, Henan.
When Chairman Mao talked to his colleagues about Yue Fei's great achievements, someone said to Chairman Mao: "The descendants of the Yue family are all loyal and righteous people." This sentence moved Chairman Mao very much, and the relevant reports immediately attracted the public's attention to the current situation of the Yue family's descendants.
pic丨Chairman Mao
Just at this moment, Yue Changlie's second letter was also delivered to Chairman Mao. Yue Changlie's superb writing style and gorgeous rhetoric. His sincere emotions forced Chairman Mao to be moved. Chairman Mao waved his pen and wrote a comment: This person can be relieved at his discretion.
Then the letter was passed from the central government to Tongxiang County. According to the central government's instructions, the Tongxiang County Government found Yue Changlie, and provided him with aid.
At the same time, Tongxiang County Government discovered that Yue Changlie was very good in literary literacy, so he provided Yue Changlie with a job - The librarian of Zhejiang Provincial Museum of Literature and History, who is specialized in compiling ancient books and writing memoirs.
In this way, Yue Changlie not only received assistance, but also had work guarantees and would not relapse into poverty again.
Picture丨College of Literature and History
Old West Lake Talks and Yuewang Temple
Time came to 1954. It has been three years since visiting the Soviet Union. This year, our country began to prepare for drafting the Constitution. As the first constitution of our country, its status is particularly important.
Chairman Mao got off the plane and went to the resting place, he passed by West Lake. He had heard that the beautiful scenery of West Lake was very famous, so Chairman Mao asked the driver to stop here. He and Wang Fang, who was traveling with him, who was then the director of the Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Department, got off together to enjoy the beautiful scenery.
Chairman Mao looked around and his expression became serious , but no one noticed it at that time, and everyone took the car to the resting place again.
On the eve of Qingming Festival in 1955, the revision of the Constitution had just ended. Chairman Mao called his secretary and asked him to call Wang Fang again.
"Tomorrow is Qingming Festival. " Wang Fang just entered the house, Chairman Mao lit the pipe and said with a serious face but not hurrying.
Picture丨West Lake
Wang Fang thought for a moment, remembering what Chairman Mao was next to West Lake last year. Chairman Mao continued: " Do you know how many graves are there next to West Lake? "
"There are many."
"What are the people of ? " Chairman Mao was very concerned about the many graves on the West Lake, so he asked more questions.
" are mostly high-ranking officials and nobles who earned a lot of money during their lifetime. They found someone to arrange for them to be buried by the West Lake after their death. " Wang Fang, as the director of the Public Security Department of Zhejiang Province, has some understanding of these things.
Chairman Mao thought for a while, and then said to Wang Fang: "'Sacrificing one's life to sacrifice his country, why don't you dare to do it? "
" was said by Yue Fei. When I came here, I happened to pass by Yuewang Temple. " Wang Fang took the sentence without hesitation. At this point, Wang Fang almost knew what Chairman Mao meant.
Picture丨Chairman Mao and Wang Fang
Chairman Mao continued: " These high-ranking officials and nobles enjoyed all their wealth and honor during their lifetime, and after their death, they would occupy a piece of land for the people. Those who come to enjoy the beautiful scenery of West Lake will also be distracted by these people."
" Move all those tombs away. These people have experienced good life, and this time they will also experience collective life! "
"Where is Yue Fei's tomb? "After Yue Fei was killed in Fengbo Pavilion , his body was buried by the West Lake. The tombs of those high-ranking officials and nobles happened to be next to Yue Fei's tomb . shows that the high-ranking officials and nobles at that time not only pay attention to the show, but also want to compete with national heroes.
" Yue Fei's tomb will be there. " Chairman Mao finished smoking and knocked on his pipe, and then asked Wang Fang again: "How can you recite Yue Fei's "Manjianghong"? "
As an intellectual, I am familiar with poetry that I have been memorizing in middle school. Wang Fang naturally knows it. When the is halfway through the recitation, Chairman Mao became interested and started reciting with Wang Fang.
pic丨Yue Fei's "Manjianghong"
ended. Chairman Mao was immersed in the afterglow for a long time and could not stop. After a while of silence, Chairman Mao said to Wang Fang: During the Qingming Festival, two wreaths were offered in front of Yuewang Temple, without signing , and the money for buying the wreath was deducted from my royalties.
On the Qingming Festival, people found that several exquisitely made wreaths appeared in Yuewang Temple, but there was no sign, which aroused the imagination of the people.
At the same time, the many graves on the edge of the West Lake were also moved away in accordance with Chairman Mao’s instructions. , The scenery of ancient times has been restored by the West Lake, and people coming and going are even more numerous.
Perhaps this is the spiritual exchange of heroes of ancient and modern times, transcending the spiritual resonance of time and space.
pic | Yue Fei's tomb
conclusion
No matter it is a thousand years ago or a modern war, there is no pressure Wherever you force you will resist . In ancient times, Yue Fei faced hundreds of thousands of cavalry in the Jin Dynasty. At the critical moment of the Song Dynasty's retreat, Yue Fei organized 100,000 elite troops of the Yue family army and defeated millions of enemies with the strength of 100,000 people.
It is precisely because of these people with national integrity that the Chinese nation can be independent and China can rise up , and with these precious spiritual wealth, it continues to cultivate the national integrity of the next generation.
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