Puyi As the emperor, his food, clothing and consumption are extremely comparable. There are hundreds of people in Royal Dinner who specialize in cooking for him, and these people have been studying how to make him eat and drink well for most of their lives.
The emperor's meal recipe, with a hundred people for several years of food. Puyi's most ordinary meal requires more than 30 dishes, including delicacies, rare birds and animals, fresh vegetables and fruits.
But Puyi was quite dissatisfied with this imperial kitchen. Later, in 1962, Chairman Mao asked him about this when he was hosting Puyi: " Is the food in your imperial kitchen delicious? "
Puyi shook his head repeatedly after hearing this. What does he mean? Are the food cooked in the imperial kitchen very unpalatable?
failed to restore the country, and surrendered to the enemy and treason
Puyi actually had his other intentions, which was inseparable from his ups and downs of his life.
On January 31, 1962, Chairman Mao sent invitations to Zhang Shizhao, Cheng Qian, Qiu Ao and Wang Jifan , inviting them to have dinner.
Just as people sat down at the Yinian Hall in Zhongnanhai, Chairman Mao smiled and said, "I'm going to come here today to accompany a guest."
Zhang Shizhao looked puzzled: "What kind of guest?" Chairman Mao said, "You all know each other, you will know when you come."
Just as everyone was guessing, a thin man wearing glasses, wearing Zhongshan suit and wearing cloth shoes came in. The few people looked up and saw that it was the last emperor Puyi.
However, at this time, Puyi did not meet Chairman Mao as an emperor, but an ordinary citizen of the country, which was also due to Chairman Mao and the people's "forgiveness" for him.
Puyi was born in 1906. When he ascended the throne and became emperor, he was still a child who was fertile, so the power of the court was actually in the hands of his father Zaifeng . He, the little emperor, had no power.
Puyi became emperor for three years in a confused manner. Later, with the outbreak of
To the 1917th year of the Republic of China, Puyi was re-supported by Zhang Xun and abdicated for the second time soon, but this did not have much impact on his life.
The government of the Republic of China has a treaty of preferential treatment to the royal family, and retains Puyi's title of emperor, allowing them to continue living in Forbidden City , and gives them four million taels every year, so Puyi's life was pretty good at that time.
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Puyi was already at the age of governor at this time. He enjoyed the life of being an emperor and was unwilling to be a "civilian" under control.
Therefore, Puyi moved into the Japanese Embassy, and he began to collude with the Japanese, hoping to restore his throne with the help of external forces.
1931
Puyi, who became emperor again, began to dream of restoring the ancestral property of the Qing Dynasty. When the Japanese massacred their compatriots and occupied Chinese territory, Puyi also held a celebration banquet to encourage the Japanese army to occupy the whole country as soon as possible and promote his own restoration. During
, Puyi also went to Tokyo, Japan to show his attention. He not only personally helped the Japanese empress dowager, but also went to comfort the Japanese officers who were injured in the war of aggression against China.
Later, when Puyi thought about this, he said: At that time, I didn’t even have the taste of Chinese.
After returning from Japan, Puyi did not realize that he was a puppet at the slaughter of others, and thought he had the same status as Japanese Emperor .
Until he watched his confidants be killed by the Japanese one by one, and watched his younger brother Pu Jie get married to the daughter of the Japanese royal family.
Puyi then realized that what the Japanese wanted was an emperor of Japanese descent, and he himself had also made a document for the Japanese. If he had a prince, he must be sent to Japan for study and was educated by the Kwantung Army.
Puyi's dream of emperor finally woke up. He no longer thought about the ancestral property of the Qing Dynasty, but hoped to live under the hands of the Kwantung Army.
After that, Puyi followed the instructions of senior staff officer of the Kwantung Army Yoshioka Yasushi . After the July 7 Incident, Puyi sent people, food and supplies to the Japanese army. Japan launched the Pacific War. Puyi took the lead in saying: Live and die together with Japan.
After each war, Puyi will face the battlefield with Yoshioka Annao and bow and observe silently for the Japanese soldiers who died in battle.
Later, Japan gradually defeated in World War II . Puyi was afraid that Japan would kill him before the fall, and he became more and more humble to the Japanese Kwantung Army, and the Japanese ignored him more and more. Yoshioka Yasuna even called the Kwantung Army Puyi's father.
Puyi dared not be dissatisfied with this. He could only close the door and act arrogantly, and punish the servants who served him at any time. He became suspicious and confused.
It was not until August 15, 1945, when Japan announced its surrender that Puyi ended his life under the Japanese.
received transformation and received pardon
The day after the Japanese emperor announced his surrender, Puyi took his younger brother and brother-in-law to fly to Japan with Yoshioka Yasuna.
Ko while the group was waiting in Shenyang to transfer to a large plane, Soviet soldiers captured them directly and brought them to the Soviet Union.
During the 5 years of detention in the Soviet Union, in addition to having no personal freedom, Puyi not only could enjoy a sumptuous Russian meal every day, but also doctors and nurses took care of his body. He was very satisfied with this kind of life.
In Puyi's view, he helped Japan commit heinous crimes in China. Now he can survive if he falls into the hands of foreigners, and he will undoubtedly die if he falls into the hands of Chinese people.
So Puyi didn't dare to return to China. Unfortunately, he applied several times to hope to stay in the Soviet Union forever, but he did not receive a reply from the Soviet side. During
in 1946, Puyi went to Tokyo, Japan to testify against Japanese war criminals at the Far East International Military Tribunal.
But because he did not want to be tried by the Chinese government, Puyi never mentioned his crime of treason and surrendering to the enemy, but his hope was destined to be disappointed.
At the end of July 1950, Puyi boarded the Soviet train and was extradited back to China as a puppet Manchukuo war criminal. Along the way, Puyi was in panic all day long, worried that he would die once he was sent to China.
In early August, Puyi was sent to Fushun War Criminals Management Office by the Chinese People's Liberation Army in fear. At this time, Puyi realized that he did not have to die, but wanted to reform here.
It’s better to live than to die. The moment he learned that he was going to transform, Puyi almost cried with joy, but soon he couldn’t laugh.
When we first arrived in prison, it was hard for everyone to call Puyi the emperor on the surface, but they still respect him on weekdays and call him "the top".
Following Puyi's servants, he still served him in prison for food and clothing. Puyi himself did not have the consciousness of being a prisoner and still enjoyed the service of others.
But soon the director of the War Criminal Management Office separated Puyi and let him live by himself.
But Puyi is used to the life of having food and opening his mouth and reaching out. He lays the bed and folds the quilt, brushes his teeth and washes his face and makes him so busy that he is dizzy, often with disheveled clothes and sloppy.
But there was no "slave" to help him. Puyi could only put down his emperor's form and groped and studied by himself. He began to read books and newspapers, reflected in prison, and wrote his autobiography "My First Half of Life".
After a long time, the others in the prison no longer respected him, the former emperor. Puyi followed everyone to paste paper boxes, plant flowers and repair trees, and remove weeds. During
, war criminals like Puyi were taken outside the prison to visit the current New China. Puyi thought that the people would want to kill him immediately after knowing their identity.
But the people expressed their forgiveness to him: "As long as you listen to Chairman Mao, be willing to learn well, and be a serious person."
"Chairman Mao said that many criminals can be transformed, and what he said is not wrong. If you reform and confess your guilt, the people will forgive you."
The words of the people shocked Puyi very much. He couldn't help but admire Chairman Mao's mind. After that, Puyi worked in prison more sincerely, accepted the transformation of the Communist Party, and hoped to be a new person.
Not long after, Chairman Mao gave him this opportunity.
1959, on the eve of the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, according to Chairman Mao's proposal, the central government issued instructions to pardon a group of war criminals, which was also the first amnesty since the founding of the People's Republic of China.
When the news reached the prison, the war criminals cheered happily. With this amnesty, no matter whether it was earlier or later, they finally had hope of going out.
Before the list of amnesty was officially announced, the war criminals studied harder and worked harder, hoping that their names would be on the list, but Puyi didn't feel anything. He never thought he could be pardoned.
Other war criminals also thought that the country could not let Puyi go, and even said: If there was only one person here who was not pardoned, it must be Puyi.
But things just went away from everyone's expectations.
December 4, 1959, at the amnesty meeting of the Fushun War Criminals Management Office, all war criminals sat quietly in the audience, waiting for the announcement of the amnesty list.
Following the leaders on the stage, " Aisin Gioro Puyi . "Puyi stood up like a conditioned reflex. He walked onto the stage dullly. The moment he received the amnesty order , Puyi cried uncontrollably.
From then on, Puyi started his new life as an ordinary citizen.
Chairman Mao invited the "Emperor" to have a meal
Not long after Puyi was pardoned, he took a bus back to Beijing from Fushun . At first he lived in his sister's house, and later the government arranged a hotel for him to solve the problem of his residence.
At the beginning of 1960, Puyi's work was also confirmed. He was first assigned to Beijing Botanical Garden of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and later he did research on Qing history materials.
Although he did not have the glory and wealth of the past, such days made Puyi feel very at ease. Only in the second half of his life did he know what a real person was.
Then in 1962, Chairman Mao personally invited Puyi to Yi Niantang in Zhongnanhai for dinner.
And Puyi saw Chairman Mao's first side and confessed his crimes with tears in his eyes: "I am a Those who have committed death crimes against the country and the people..."
Chairman Mao did not mention these things, but just asked Puyi in detail how he is doing now and whether he is in good health, and encouraged him to continue studying hard.
Puyi was quite moved by this, and wiped his tears from time to time. When he was calm for a while, Chairman Mao took the initiative to ask Puyi: "Are there any news about her after you divorce Wenxiu ?
Puyi said that Wenxiu's life alone was not easy after the divorce. Then he used Chairman Mao's words to talk about his crime of defecting to the Japanese in Tianjin, and said directly: "Why do I want to be this emperor? It would be great if I didn't become this emperor."
. Chairman Mao sat next to him and listened carefully to Puyi's talk about his past, and from time to time he talked about his views. After the two of them, Chairman Mao proposed to prepare for dinner after more than two hours.
Because Chairman Mao’s usual frugal style, four or five ordinary dishes were placed on the table. During the meal, Chairman Mao asked Puyi casually: “Is the food in the imperial kitchen delicious?”
Puyi was a little stunned. He did not say whether the food in the imperial kitchen was delicious, but said guiltily: “ is too wasteful. There are dozens of dishes served at each meal. If you don’t want to eat, you can’t see it. It’s a sin. ”
Puyi’s words just proved that he had completely separated from the emperor’s life in the past. At the same time, he also told Chairman Mao that after receiving the transformation, he would live on his own hands and become a new Puyi.
Chairman Mao was obviously very satisfied with his insights. Everyone had a great time eating this meal. When they were about to leave, Chairman Mao did not forget to instruct Puyi: "Hurry up and find a woman to start a family, so that your life will be taken care of and your work will be much more convenient."
Puyi took Chairman Mao's words in his heart. On April 30, 1962, Puyi started a family with a nurse named Li Shuxian under the introduction of someone else.
In fact, Puyi married four women in succession when he was emperor, but at that time he still put on the emperor's airs towards his wife. After marrying Li Shuxian this time, they were more like an ordinary couple.
Although he was Puyi's health, he The two of them were not a son or half of their daughter, but Puyi still had a short and happy old age.
Unfortunately, at the end of 1966, Puyi was admitted to the hospital because of uremia . During the hospitalization, Premier Zhou Enlai had been assigned doctors to treat Puyi.
However, Puyi's health was still getting worse and worse. On October 17, 1967, Puyi passed away due to ineffective treatment. His body After cremation, it was placed in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing.
Later, in 1995, Li Shuxian moved Puyi's ashes to Royal Cemetery in Hebei Province, which is Puyi's final destination.
Conclusion
As the last emperor in Chinese history, Puyi experienced the transformation from an emperor to a war criminal to an ordinary citizen. It can be said that his life is relatively legendary.
The various things in the first half of his life, whether intentionally or unintentionally, Puyi did cause great harm to the country and the people.
But the country still gave him the opportunity to transform, so that he could get pardon and become a new person. This is also due to Chairman Mao's great mind.
The country and the people also forgive Puyi after the transformation, and thus he finally had a peaceful and happy old age.
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